{
  "id": "gita/13.23",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/gita/13.23/",
  "work": {
    "key": "gita",
    "title": "Bhagavad Gītā"
  },
  "ref": "13.23",
  "speaker": "Śrī Kṛṣṇa to Arjuna",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "उपद्रष्टाऽनुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः ।\nपरमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः ॥ १३.२३ ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": false
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "upadraṣṭā'numantā ca bhartā bhoktā maheśvaraḥ |\nparamātmeti cāpyukto dehe'sminpuruṣaḥ paraḥ ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "upadraṣṭā",
      "meaning": "the witness",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "anumantā ca",
      "meaning": "and the permitter",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "bhartā bhoktā",
      "meaning": "the supporter, the experiencer",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "mahā-īśvaraḥ",
      "meaning": "the great Lord",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "parama-ātmā iti ca api uktaḥ",
      "meaning": "is also called the supreme Self",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "dehe asmin",
      "meaning": "in this body",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "puruṣaḥ paraḥ",
      "meaning": "the supreme Puruṣa",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "इस देह में परम पुरुष को साक्षी, अनुमति देने वाला, धारण करने वाला, भोगने वाला, महेश्वर और परमात्मा भी कहा गया है।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "இந்த உடலில் உள்ள பரம புருஷன் சாட்சி, அனுமதிப்பவன், தாங்குபவன், அனுபவிப்பவன், மகேசுவரன், பரமாத்மா என்றும் கூறப்படுகிறான்.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "ఈ దేహంలోని పరమ పురుషుడు సాక్షి, అనుమతించేవాడు, భరించేవాడు, అనుభవించేవాడు, మహేశ్వరుడు, పరమాత్మ అని కూడా చెప్పబడతాడు.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಈ ದೇಹದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಪರಮ ಪುರುಷನನ್ನು ಸಾಕ್ಷಿ, ಅನುಮತಿಸುವವನು, ಪೋಷಿಸುವವನು, ಅನುಭವಿಸುವವನು, ಮಹೇಶ್ವರ ಮತ್ತು ಪರಮಾತ್ಮ ಎಂದೂ ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "ഈ ദേഹത്തിലുള്ള പരമപുരുഷൻ സാക്ഷി, അനുമതി നൽകുന്നവൻ, താങ്ങുന്നവൻ, അനുഭവിക്കുന്നവൻ, മഹേശ്വരൻ, പരമാത്മാവ് എന്നും പറയപ്പെടുന്നു.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "এই দেহে পরম পুরুষকে সাক্ষী, অনুমোদনকারী, ধারক, ভোক্তা, মহেশ্বর এবং পরমাত্মাও বলা হয়।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "या देहातील परम पुरुषाला साक्षी, अनुमती देणारा, धारण करणारा, भोगणारा, महेश्वर आणि परमात्मा असेही म्हटले आहे.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "આ દેહમાં રહેલા પરમ પુરુષને સાક્ષી, અનુમતિ આપનાર, ધારણ કરનાર, ભોગવનાર, મહેશ્વર અને પરમાત્મા પણ કહેવામાં આવે છે.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਇਸ ਦੇਹ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਰਮ ਪੁਰਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਖੀ, ਆਗਿਆ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲਾ, ਧਾਰਨ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ, ਭੋਗਣ ਵਾਲਾ, ਮਹੇਸ਼ਵਰ ਅਤੇ ਪਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਵੀ ਕਿਹਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "ଏହି ଦେହରେ ପରମ ପୁରୁଷଙ୍କୁ ସାକ୍ଷୀ, ଅନୁମତି ଦାତା, ଧାରଣକର୍ତ୍ତା, ଭୋକ୍ତା, ମହେଶ୍ୱର ଓ ପରମାତ୍ମା ମଧ୍ୟ କୁହାଯାଏ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "اس جسم میں برتر پرش کو گواہ، اجازت دینے والا، سہارا دینے والا، بھوگنے والا، مہیشور اور پرماتما بھی کہا گیا ہے۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "The supreme Puruṣa in this body is also called the witness, the permitter, the supporter, the experiencer, the great Lord, and the supreme Self.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "Al Puruṣa supremo en este cuerpo se le llama también testigo, el que consiente, sostenedor, experimentador, gran Señor y Ser supremo.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Le Puruṣa suprême dans ce corps est aussi appelé le témoin, celui qui consent, le soutien, celui qui fait l'expérience, le grand Seigneur et le Soi suprême.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Der höchste Puruṣa in diesem Körper wird auch Zeuge, Zustimmender, Träger, Erfahrender, großer Herr und höchstes Selbst genannt.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "O Puruṣa supremo neste corpo é também chamado testemunha, aquele que consente, sustentador, experimentador, grande Senhor e Ser supremo.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Высший Пуруша в этом теле также называется свидетелем, дозволяющим, поддерживающим, вкушающим, великим Владыкой и Высшим «Я».",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "此身中的至上原人，也被称为见证者、允许者、维持者、感受者、大自在主和至上自我。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "この身体における至高のプルシャは、目撃者、許可者、支持者、経験者、大主宰神、そして至高の自己とも呼ばれる。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "والبوروشا الأسمى في هذا الجسد يُسمّى أيضًا الشاهد، والمُجيز، والحافظ، والمختبِر، والرب العظيم، والذات العليا.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Puruṣa tertinggi dalam tubuh ini juga disebut saksi, pemberi izin, penopang, penikmat, Tuhan agung, dan Diri tertinggi.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "ปุรุษสูงสุดผู้ประทับอยู่ในร่างกายนี้ ยังถูกเรียกว่าผู้เห็นอยู่ ผู้อนุญาต ผู้ค้ำจุน ผู้เสวย พระมเหศวร และปรมาตมันด้วย",
      "translator": "Vedyatra AI draft",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Bhagavad Gītā 13.23, vulgate text (gita/gita open dataset)",
    "license": "Public domain"
  },
  "topics": [
    "supreme-self",
    "witness",
    "purusha",
    "divinity"
  ],
  "citation": "Bhagavad Gītā 13.23. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/gita/13.23/"
}