{
  "id": "rigveda/3.31.4",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/rigveda/3.31.4/",
  "work": {
    "key": "rigveda",
    "title": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā"
  },
  "ref": "3.31.4",
  "speaker": "Addressed to Indra",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "अ॒भि जैत्री॑रसचन्त स्पृधा॒नं महि॒ ज्योति॒स्तम॑सो॒ निर॑जानन् ।\nतं जा॑न॒तीः प्रत्युदा॑यन्नु॒षासः॒ पति॒र्गवा॑मभव॒देक॒ इन्द्रः॑ ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": true
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "abhí jaítrīr asacanta spṛdhānám máhi jyótis támaso nír ajānan |\ntáṃ jānatī́ḥ práty úd āyann uṣā́saḥ pátir gávām abhavad éka índraḥ ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "abhi",
      "meaning": "toward",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "jaitrīḥ",
      "meaning": "victorious",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "asacanta",
      "meaning": "they clung to",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "spṛdhānam",
      "meaning": "the contest",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "mahi",
      "meaning": "great",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "jyotiḥ",
      "meaning": "light",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "tamasaḥ",
      "meaning": "from darkness",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "nis",
      "meaning": "out",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ajānan",
      "meaning": "they perceived",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "tam",
      "meaning": "that",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "jānatīḥ",
      "meaning": "knowing",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "prati",
      "meaning": "toward",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ut",
      "meaning": "up",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "āyan",
      "meaning": "they came",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "uṣāsaḥ",
      "meaning": "the dawns",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "patiḥ",
      "meaning": "lord",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "gavām",
      "meaning": "of the cows",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhavat",
      "meaning": "became",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ekaḥ",
      "meaning": "one",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "indraḥ",
      "meaning": "Indra",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "विजयी (उषाएँ) संघर्ष में लगीं; महान ज्योति को उन्होंने अंधकार से बाहर पहचाना। उसे जानती हुई उषाएँ प्रत्यक्ष उदित हुईं, और गौओं का स्वामी एक ही इन्द्र हुआ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "வெற்றியாளர்கள் போராட்டத்தில் ஒட்டிக்கொண்டனர்; பெரிய ஒளியை இருளிலிருந்து அவர்கள் அறிந்தனர். அதை அறிந்த உஷஸ்கள் எதிர்கொண்டு எழுந்தனர்; பசுக்களின் தலைவனாக ஒரே இந்திரன் ஆனான்.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "విజేతలు పోరాటంలో అతుక్కున్నారు; గొప్ప కాంతిని వారు చీకటి నుండి తెలుసుకున్నారు. దానిని తెలిసిన ఉషస్సులు ఎదురుగా లేచాయి; గోవులకు ప్రభువు ఒక్కడే ఇంద్రుడు అయ్యాడు.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ವಿಜಯಶಾಲಿಗಳು ಹೋರಾಟದಲ್ಲಿ ಅಂಟಿಕೊಂಡರು; ದೊಡ್ಡ ಬೆಳಕನ್ನು ಅವರು ಕತ್ತಲಿನಿಂದ ತಿಳಿದರು. ಅದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದ ಉಷೆಗಳು ಎದುರಾಗಿ ಎದ್ದವು; ಗೋವುಗಳ ಒಡೆಯನಾಗಿ ಒಬ್ಬನೇ ಇಂದ್ರನು ಆದನು.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "വിജയികൾ പോരാട്ടത്തിൽ പറ്റിപ്പിടിച്ചു; മഹത്തായ പ്രകാശത്തെ അവർ ഇരുട്ടിൽനിന്ന് അറിഞ്ഞു. അതറിഞ്ഞ ഉഷസ്സുകൾ എതിരേറ്റുയർന്നു; പശുക്കളുടെ പതിയായി ഒരേ ഇന്ദ്രൻ ആയി.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "বিজয়ীরা সংগ্রামে লেগে রইল; মহান আলোকে তারা অন্ধকার থেকে চিনে নিল। তা জেনে উষারা সম্মুখে উদিত হলো; গাভীদের প্রভু হলেন এক ইন্দ্র।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "विजयी लोक संघर्षात चिकटले; महान प्रकाश त्यांनी अंधारातून ओळखला. ते जाणून उषा समोर उगवल्या; गायींचा स्वामी एकटाच इंद्र झाला.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "વિજયીઓ સંઘર્ષમાં વળગ્યા; મહાન પ્રકાશને તેમણે અંધકારમાંથી ઓળખ્યો. તેને જાણીને ઉષાઓ સામે ઊગી; ગાયોનો સ્વામી એકલો ઇન્દ્ર બન્યો.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਜੇਤੂ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਚਿੰਬੜ ਗਏ; ਵੱਡੀ ਰੋਸ਼ਨੀ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਹਨੇਰੇ ਤੋਂ ਪਛਾਣੀ। ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਣ ਕੇ ਉਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਸਾਹਮਣੇ ਉੱਗੀਆਂ; ਗਾਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਇਕੱਲਾ ਇੰਦਰ ਬਣਿਆ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "ବିଜୟୀମାନେ ସଂଗ୍ରାମରେ ଲାଗିଲେ; ମହାନ ଆଲୋକକୁ ସେମାନେ ଅନ୍ଧକାରରୁ ଚିହ୍ନିଲେ। ତାହା ଜାଣି ଉଷାମାନେ ସମ୍ମୁଖେ ଉଦିତ ହେଲେ; ଗାଈମାନଙ୍କର ସ୍ୱାମୀ ଏକା ଇନ୍ଦ୍ର ହେଲେ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "فاتح کشمکش میں چمٹ گئے؛ عظیم روشنی کو انھوں نے اندھیرے سے پہچانا۔ اسے جان کر اُشائیں سامنے طلوع ہوئیں؛ گایوں کا مالک ایک ہی اندر ہوا۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "The victors clung to the contest; they perceived the great light out of darkness. Knowing it, the dawns rose up and came forward, and the one Indra became lord of the cows.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "Los vencedores se aferraron a la contienda; percibieron la gran luz surgiendo de la oscuridad. Conociéndola, las auroras se levantaron y avanzaron, y el único Indra se hizo señor de las vacas.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Les vainqueurs s'attachèrent au combat ; ils perçurent la grande lumière hors des ténèbres. La connaissant, les aurores se levèrent et avancèrent, et l'unique Indra devint le maître des vaches.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Die Sieger hielten am Kampf fest; sie erkannten das große Licht aus der Finsternis. Es erkennend, erhoben sich die Morgenröten und kamen hervor, und der eine Indra wurde Herr der Kühe.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "Os vencedores se apegaram à disputa; perceberam a grande luz saindo da escuridão. Conhecendo-a, as auroras se ergueram e avançaram, e o único Indra tornou-se senhor das vacas.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Победители устремились к состязанию; они узрели великий свет из тьмы. Познав его, утренние зори поднялись и выступили вперёд, и единый Индра стал владыкой коров.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "胜利者投入争斗；他们从黑暗中辨认出伟大的光。认识到它，黎明女神们升起前来，而唯一的因陀罗成为牛群的主宰。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "勝者たちは争いにとりついた。彼らは闇の中から大いなる光を見分けた。それを知ったウシャスたちは立ち上がって進み出で、牛の主はただ一人インドラとなった。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "تمسّك الظافرون بالصراع؛ وأدركوا النور العظيم من الظلام. فلما عرفته الأوشاس نهضت وتقدّمت، وصار إندرا الواحد ربّ الأبقار.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Para pemenang berpegang pada pertarungan; mereka menyadari cahaya agung dari kegelapan. Mengetahuinya, fajar-fajar bangkit dan maju, dan Indra yang esa menjadi tuan atas sapi-sapi.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā, accented text and word analysis of the University of Zurich, via VedaWeb (University of Cologne)",
    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
  },
  "topics": [
    "indra",
    "dawn",
    "light",
    "cosmogony"
  ],
  "citation": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā 3.31.4. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/rigveda/3.31.4/"
}