{
  "id": "rigveda/3.31.8",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/rigveda/3.31.8/",
  "work": {
    "key": "rigveda",
    "title": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā"
  },
  "ref": "3.31.8",
  "speaker": "Addressed to Indra",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "स॒तःस॑तः प्रति॒मानं॑ पुरो॒भूर्विश्वा॑ वेद॒ जनि॑मा॒ हन्ति॒ शुष्ण॑म् ।\nप्र णो॑ दि॒वः प॑द॒वीर्ग॒व्युरर्च॒न्त्सखा॒ सखीँ॑रमुञ्च॒न्निर॑व॒द्यात् ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": true
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "satáḥsataḥ pratimā́nam purobhū́r víśvā veda jánimā hánti śúṣṇam |\nprá ṇo diváḥ padavī́r gavyúr árcan sákhā sákhīm̐r amuñcan nír avadyā́t ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "sataḥ-sataḥ",
      "meaning": "of what is and what is (of the existing and existing)",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "pratimānam",
      "meaning": "measure, counterpart",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "purobhūḥ",
      "meaning": "going before, protector",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "viśvā",
      "meaning": "all",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "veda",
      "meaning": "knows",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "janima",
      "meaning": "births, creatures",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "hanti",
      "meaning": "slays",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "śuṣṇam",
      "meaning": "Śuṣṇa (a demon)",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "pra",
      "meaning": "forth",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "naḥ",
      "meaning": "for us",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "divaḥ",
      "meaning": "of the heaven",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "padavīḥ",
      "meaning": "path-finder",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "gavyuḥ",
      "meaning": "seeking cows",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "arcan",
      "meaning": "singing praise",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "sakhā",
      "meaning": "friend",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "sakhīn",
      "meaning": "friends",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "amuñcat",
      "meaning": "freed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "nis",
      "meaning": "out",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "avadyāt",
      "meaning": "from distress",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "जो है और जो है उसका प्रतिरूप, आगे चलने वाला, वह सब जन्मों को जानता है और शुष्ण को मारता है। हमारे लिए स्वर्ग का मार्गदर्शक, गौओं का खोजी, स्तुति गाता हुआ मित्र, मित्रों को संकट से मुक्त करता है।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "இருப்பவற்றின் அளவுகோலும், முன்னே செல்பவனுமான அவன் எல்லாப் பிறப்புகளையும் அறிகிறான்; சுஷ்ணனைக் கொல்கிறான். வானத்தின் வழிகாட்டியும், பசுக்களைத் தேடுபவனுமான நண்பன் நமக்காக துதி பாடி, நண்பர்களை துன்பத்திலிருந்து விடுவிக்கிறான்.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "ఉన్నదానికి ప్రతిరూపమైన, ముందుండి నడిపే అతడు అన్ని జన్మలను తెలుసుకుంటాడు; శుష్ణుని చంపుతాడు. మనకోసం స్వర్గపు మార్గదర్శకుడు, గోవులను వెతికేవాడు, స్తుతి పాడే మిత్రుడు, మిత్రులను కష్టం నుండి విడిపిస్తాడు.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಇರುವುದರ ಪ್ರತಿರೂಪನೂ, ಮುಂದೆ ನಡೆಸುವವನೂ ಆದವನು ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಜನ್ಮಗಳನ್ನು ಬಲ್ಲನು; ಶುಷ್ಣನನ್ನು ಕೊಲ್ಲುತ್ತಾನೆ. ನಮಗಾಗಿ ಸ್ವರ್ಗದ ದಾರಿಗಾರ, ಹಸುಗಳನ್ನು ಹುಡುಕುವವನು, ಸ್ತುತಿ ಹಾಡುವ ಗೆಳೆಯನು ಗೆಳೆಯರನ್ನು ಸಂಕಟದಿಂದ ಬಿಡಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "ഉള്ളതിന്റെ പ്രതിരൂപവും മുന്നിൽ നയിക്കുന്നവനുമായവൻ എല്ലാ ജന്മങ്ങളെയും അറിയുന്നു; ശുഷ്ണനെ വധിക്കുന്നു. നമുക്കായി സ്വർഗ്ഗത്തിന്റെ വഴികാട്ടിയും പശുക്കളെ തേടുന്നവനുമായ സുഹൃത്ത് സ്തുതി പാടി സുഹൃത്തുക്കളെ ദുരിതത്തിൽ നിന്ന് മോചിപ്പിക്കുന്നു.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "যা আছে তার প্রতিরূপ, অগ্রগামী তিনি সকল জন্ম জানেন; শুষ্ণকে বধ করেন। আমাদের জন্য স্বর্গের পথপ্রদর্শক, গরুর অন্বেষণকারী, স্তুতিগানকারী বন্ধু বন্ধুদের বিপদ থেকে মুক্ত করেন।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "जे आहे त्याचे प्रतिरूप, पुढे नेणारा तो सर्व जन्म जाणतो; शुष्णाला मारतो. आमच्यासाठी स्वर्गाचा मार्गदर्शक, गायींचा शोधक, स्तुती गाणारा मित्र मित्रांना संकटातून सोडवतो.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "જે છે તેનું પ્રતિરૂપ, આગળ ચાલનાર તે બધા જન્મો જાણે છે; શુષ્ણને હણે છે. અમારા માટે સ્વર્ગનો માર્ગદર્શક, ગાયોનો શોધક, સ્તુતિ ગાતો મિત્ર મિત્રોને સંકટથી મુક્ત કરે છે.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਜੋ ਹੈ ਉਸ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਰੂਪ, ਅੱਗੇ ਚੱਲਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਉਹ ਸਭ ਜਨਮਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹੈ; ਸ਼ੁਸ਼ਣ ਨੂੰ ਮਾਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਾਡੇ ਲਈ ਸਵਰਗ ਦਾ ਰਾਹ ਦਿਖਾਉਣ ਵਾਲਾ, ਗਾਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਖੋਜੀ, ਉਸਤਤ ਗਾਉਂਦਾ ਮਿੱਤਰ ਮਿੱਤਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੁੱਖ ਤੋਂ ਛੁਡਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "ଯାହା ଅଛି ତାହାର ପ୍ରତିରୂପ, ଅଗ୍ରଗାମୀ ସେ ସବୁ ଜନ୍ମ ଜାଣନ୍ତି; ଶୁଷ୍ଣକୁ ବଧ କରନ୍ତି। ଆମ ପାଇଁ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗର ପଥପ୍ରଦର୍ଶକ, ଗାଈ ଖୋଜୁଥିବା, ସ୍ତୁତି ଗାଉଥିବା ସଖା ସଖାମାନଙ୍କୁ ସଙ୍କଟରୁ ମୁକ୍ତ କରନ୍ତି।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "جو ہے اس کا عکس، آگے چلنے والا وہ تمام پیدائشوں کو جانتا ہے؛ شُشن کو مارتا ہے۔ ہمارے لیے آسمان کا رہنما، گایوں کا متلاشی، حمد گاتا دوست دوستوں کو مصیبت سے آزاد کرتا ہے۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "He who is the measure of what is, who goes before as protector, knows all births and slays Śuṣṇa. For us, the path-finder of heaven, the seeker of cows, the friend singing praise, frees his friends out from distress.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "Aquel que es la medida de lo que es, el guía que va delante, conoce todos los nacimientos y mata a Śuṣṇa. Para nosotros, el abridor de caminos del cielo, el buscador de vacas, el amigo que canta alabanzas, libra a sus amigos de la angustia.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Celui qui est la mesure de ce qui est, qui marche devant en protecteur, connaît toutes les naissances et tue Śuṣṇa. Pour nous, l'éclaireur du ciel, le chercheur de vaches, l'ami qui chante la louange, libère ses amis de la détresse.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Er, das Maß des Seienden, der als Beschützer vorangeht, kennt alle Geburten und erschlägt Śuṣṇa. Uns, der Wegfinder des Himmels, der Kuhsucher, der Freund, der Lob singt, befreit seine Freunde aus der Not.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "Aquele que é a medida do que é, que vai à frente como protetor, conhece todos os nascimentos e mata Śuṣṇa. Para nós, o desbravador do céu, o buscador de vacas, o amigo que canta louvores, liberta seus amigos da aflição.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Тот, кто есть мера сущего, идущий впереди как защитник, знает все рождения и разит Шушну. Для нас, прокладывающий небесный путь, искатель коров, друг, поющий хвалу, он освобождает друзей от беды.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "他是万物的尺度，作为守护者走在前面，知晓一切诞生，并杀死修希那。为我们，他是天空的开路者、寻牛者，是歌颂的朋友，使朋友脱离危难。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "存在するものの尺度であり、守護者として先を行く彼は、すべての生まれを知り、シュシュナを打ち倒す。私たちのために、天への道を切り開く者、牛を探す者、讃歌を歌う友は、友を苦難から解き放つ。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "هو مقياس الموجود، الذي يتقدم حاميًا، يعرف كل المواليد ويقتل شُشنا. من أجلنا، رائد السماء، باحث الأبقار، الصديق المنشد للحمد، يحرر أصدقاءه من الضيق.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Dia yang menjadi ukuran segala yang ada, yang berjalan di depan sebagai pelindung, mengetahui semua kelahiran dan membunuh Śuṣṇa. Bagi kami, pembuka jalan langit, pencari sapi, sahabat yang melantunkan pujian, membebaskan para sahabatnya dari kesusahan.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "ผู้เป็นมาตรวัดของสิ่งที่มีอยู่ ผู้เสด็จไปข้างหน้าในฐานะผู้คุ้มครอง ทรงรู้กำเนิดทั้งหมดและทรงสังหารศุษณะ เพื่อพวกเรา ผู้ค้นหาทางแห่งฟ้า ผู้แสวงหาโค ผู้เป็นมิตรที่ขับสรรเสริญ ได้ปลดปล่อยมิตรของตนให้พ้นจากความทุกข์",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā, accented text and word analysis of the University of Zurich, via VedaWeb (University of Cologne)",
    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
  },
  "topics": [
    "indra",
    "cosmic-order",
    "rain",
    "creation"
  ],
  "citation": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā 3.31.8. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/rigveda/3.31.8/"
}