{
  "id": "rigveda/4.51.6",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/rigveda/4.51.6/",
  "work": {
    "key": "rigveda",
    "title": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā"
  },
  "ref": "4.51.6",
  "speaker": "Addressed to Usas",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "क्व॑ स्विदासां कत॒मा पु॑रा॒णी यया॑ वि॒धाना॑ विद॒धुर्ऋ॑भू॒णाम् ।\nशुभं॒ यच्छु॒भ्रा उ॒षस॒श्चर॑न्ति॒ न वि ज्ञा॑यन्ते स॒दृशी॑रजु॒र्याः ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": true
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "kvà svid āsāṃ katamā́ purāṇī́ yáyā vidhā́nā vidadhúr ṛbhūṇā́m |\nśúbhaṃ yác chubhrā́ uṣásaś cáranti ná ví jñāyante sadŕ̥śīr ajuryā́ḥ ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "kva",
      "meaning": "where",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "svit",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "āsām",
      "meaning": "of these (dawns)",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "katamā",
      "meaning": "which one",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "purāṇī",
      "meaning": "ancient",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yayā",
      "meaning": "by which",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vidhānā",
      "meaning": "ordained, ways",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vidadhuḥ",
      "meaning": "made, established",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ṛbhūṇām",
      "meaning": "of the Ṛbhus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "śubham",
      "meaning": "splendor, beauty",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yat",
      "meaning": "which",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "śubhrāḥ",
      "meaning": "bright",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "uṣasaḥ",
      "meaning": "Uṣas (dawns)",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "caranti",
      "meaning": "move, go",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "na",
      "meaning": "not",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vi",
      "meaning": "apart",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "jñāyante",
      "meaning": "are recognized",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "sadṛśīḥ",
      "meaning": "similar in appearance",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ajuryāḥ",
      "meaning": "unaging",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "कहाँ है, और इन उषाओं में कौन-सी प्राचीन है, जिसके द्वारा ऋभुओं के नियमों को उन्होंने स्थापित किया? जब शुभ्र उषाएँ सुन्दरता से चलती हैं, तब वे अलग-अलग नहीं पहचानी जातीं, वे एक-सी दिखती हैं, अजर हैं।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "இவற்றில் பழமையானது எது, எங்கே உள்ளது? எதனால் ரிபுக்களின் விதிகளை அவர்கள் நிறுவினார்கள்? வெண்மையான உஷஸ்கள் அழகுடன் செல்லும்போது அவர்கள் தனித்தனியாக அறியப்படுவதில்லை; ஒரே தோற்றம் கொண்ட, முதுமையற்றவர்களாக உள்ளனர்.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "ఎక్కడ ఉంది, ఈ ఉషస్సులలో పురాతనమైనది ఏది? దేనితో ఋభువుల నియమాలను వారు స్థాపించారు? శుభ్రమైన ఉషస్సులు అందంగా సాగినప్పుడు వారు వేరుగా గుర్తింపబడరు; ఒకే రూపంలా, వృద్ధాప్యం లేనివారు.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಎಲ್ಲಿ ಇದೆ, ಈ ಉಷಸ್ಸುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಯಾವುದು? ಯಾವುದರಿಂದ ಋಭುಗಳ ನಿಯಮಗಳನ್ನು ಅವರು ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಿದರು? ಶುಭ್ರ ಉಷಸ್ಸುಗಳು ಸುಂದರವಾಗಿ ಚಲಿಸುವಾಗ ಅವು ಪ್ರತ್ಯೇಕವಾಗಿ ಗುರುತಿಸಲ್ಪಡುವುದಿಲ್ಲ; ಒಂದೇ ರೂಪದ, ವೃದ್ಧಾಪ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲದವು.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "എവിടെ, ഈ ഉഷസ്സുകളിൽ പുരാതനമായത് ഏതാണ്? ഏതിനാൽ ഋഭുക്കളുടെ നിയമങ്ങൾ അവർ സ്ഥാപിച്ചു? വെണ്മയുള്ള ഉഷസ്സുകൾ സുന്ദരമായി സഞ്ചരിക്കുമ്പോൾ അവ വേറിട്ടറിയപ്പെടുന്നില്ല; ഒരേ രൂപമുള്ള, വാർധക്യമില്ലാത്തവയായി.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "কোথায়, এই উষাদের মধ্যে কোন প্রাচীনা? যার দ্বারা ঋভুদের বিধান তাঁরা স্থাপন করেছিলেন? শুভ্র উষারা সুন্দরভাবে চললে তাঁদের আলাদা করে চেনা যায় না; একই রূপ, জরাহীন তাঁরা।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "कुठे आहे, या उषांपैकी प्राचीन कोणती? ज्याद्वारे ऋभूंचे विधान त्यांनी स्थापले? शुभ्र उषा सुंदरपणे चालताना त्या वेगळ्या ओळखल्या जात नाहीत; एकसारख्या दिसणाऱ्या, अजर.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "ક્યાં છે, આ ઉષાઓમાં પ્રાચીન કઈ છે? જેના વડે ઋભુઓના નિયમો તેમણે સ્થાપ્યા? શુભ્ર ઉષાઓ સુંદર રીતે ચાલે ત્યારે તેઓ અલગ ઓળખાતી નથી; એક સરખા દેખાવવાળી, અજર.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਕਿੱਥੇ ਹੈ, ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਉਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਪੁਰਾਣੀ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਹੈ? ਜਿਸ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਰਿਭੂਆਂ ਦੇ ਨਿਯਮ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਥਾਪਿਤ ਕੀਤੇ? ਚਿੱਟੀਆਂ ਉਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਸੁੰਦਰਤਾ ਨਾਲ ਤੁਰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਤਾਂ ਉਹ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਪਛਾਣੀਆਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਂਦੀਆਂ; ਇੱਕੋ ਜਿਹੀਆਂ ਦਿੱਖ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ, ਅਜਰ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "କେଉଁଠି ଅଛି, ଏହି ଉଷାମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରାଚୀନ କିଏ? କେଉଁଥିରେ ଋଭୁମାନଙ୍କ ନିୟମ ସେମାନେ ସ୍ଥାପନ କଲେ? ଶୁଭ୍ର ଉଷାମାନେ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଭାବେ ଚାଲିଲେ ସେମାନେ ପୃଥକ ଭାବେ ଚିହ୍ନାଯାଆନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ; ସମାନ ରୂପ, ଅଜର।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "کہاں ہے، ان اُشاؤں میں سب سے قدیم کون سی ہے؟ جس سے انہوں نے رِبھوؤں کے قاعدے قائم کیے؟ جب شفاف اُشائیں خوبصورتی سے چلتی ہیں تو وہ الگ الگ پہچانی نہیں جاتیں؛ ایک سی شکل والی، لافانی۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Where, and which of these dawns is the most ancient, by which they established the ordinances of the Ṛbhus? When the bright Uṣas move beautifully, they are not distinguished apart; they are alike in appearance, ageless.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "¿Dónde está, y cuál de estas auroras es la más antigua, por la cual establecieron los decretos de los Ṛbhus? Cuando las brillantes Uṣas avanzan con belleza, no se distinguen unas de otras; son semejantes en apariencia, sin vejez.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Où est-elle, et laquelle de ces aurores est la plus ancienne, par laquelle elles ont établi les ordonnances des Ṛbhus ? Quand les brillantes Uṣas avancent avec beauté, elles ne se distinguent pas l'une de l'autre; elles se ressemblent, inaltérables.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Wo ist sie, und welche dieser Morgenröten ist die älteste, durch die sie die Satzungen der Ṛbhus festgesetzt haben? Wenn die strahlenden Uṣas schön dahinziehen, sind sie nicht voneinander zu unterscheiden; sie gleichen sich im Aussehen, unalternd.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "Onde está, e qual destas auroras é a mais antiga, pela qual estabeleceram os decretos dos Ṛbhus? Quando as brilhantes Uṣas avançam com beleza, não se distinguem umas das outras; são semelhantes na aparência, sem envelhecer.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Где же, и какая из этих зорь древнейшая, которой установлены установления Ришбху? Когда сияющие Уши движутся прекрасно, их не различают; они одинаковы по виду, нестареющие.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "这些晨光女神中最古老的是哪一位，她在哪里？由她，罗毗众（Ṛbhus）的法则得以确立？当光辉的乌莎斯美丽地前行时，她们无法被分辨，外貌相同，永不衰老。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "これらの暁の女神のうち最も古い者はどこにいるのか。その者によってリブフたちの掟が定められたのか。輝くウシャス女神たちが美しく進むとき、彼女たちは区別されず、姿は似て、老いることがない。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "أين هي، وأيّ هذه الأوشاس أقدم، التي بها أسّس الرِّبهوون نظامهم؟ حين تمضي الأوشاس البيض بجمال، لا تُميَّز إحداهن عن الأخرى؛ متشابهات في الهيئة، لا تشيخ.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Di manakah, dan manakah di antara fajar-fajar ini yang paling tua, yang dengannya tatanan para Ṛbhu ditetapkan? Ketika Uṣas yang bercahaya bergerak dengan indah, mereka tidak dapat dibedakan satu sama lain; mereka serupa dalam rupa, tak menua.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "อุษาเหล่านี้องค์ใดเก่าแก่ที่สุด อยู่ที่ไหน ด้วยองค์ใดที่บรรดาฤภุได้สถาปนาพิธีกรรมของตน เมื่ออุษาผู้สุกใสโคจรมาอย่างงดงาม เราก็แยกไม่ออก เพราะมีรูปลักษณ์เหมือนกันและไม่มีวันแก่",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā, accented text and word analysis of the University of Zurich, via VedaWeb (University of Cologne)",
    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
  },
  "topics": [
    "dawn",
    "cosmogony",
    "mystery"
  ],
  "citation": "Ṛgveda Saṃhitā 4.51.6. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/rigveda/4.51.6/"
}