{
  "id": "upanishads/brihadaranyaka.3.9.8",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/brihadaranyaka.3.9.8/",
  "work": {
    "key": "upanishads",
    "title": "Upaniṣads"
  },
  "ref": "brihadaranyaka.3.9.8",
  "speaker": "Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad · Yājñavalkya to a questioner",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "कतमे ते त्रयो देवा इति ।\nइम एव त्रयो लोकाः ।\nएषु हीमे सर्वे देवा इति ।\nकतमौ तौ द्वौ देवा इति ।\nअन्नं चैव प्राणश्चेति ।\nकतमोऽध्यर्ध इति ।\nयोऽयं पवत इति ॥ ३.९.८ ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": false
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "katame te trayo devā iti |\nima eva trayo lokāḥ |\neṣu hīme sarve devā iti |\nkatamau tau dvau devā iti |\nannaṃ caiva prāṇaśceti |\nkatamo'dhyardha iti |\nyo'yaṃ pavata iti || 3.9.8 ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "katame",
      "meaning": "which",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "te",
      "meaning": "those",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "trayaḥ",
      "meaning": "three",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "devāḥ",
      "meaning": "gods",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ime",
      "meaning": "these",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "eva",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "trayaḥ",
      "meaning": "three",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "lokāḥ",
      "meaning": "worlds",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "eṣu",
      "meaning": "in these",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "hi",
      "meaning": "for",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ime",
      "meaning": "these",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "sarve",
      "meaning": "all",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "devāḥ",
      "meaning": "gods",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "katamau",
      "meaning": "which",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "tau",
      "meaning": "those",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "dvau",
      "meaning": "two",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "devau",
      "meaning": "gods",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "annam",
      "meaning": "food",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca",
      "meaning": "and",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "eva",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "prāṇaḥ",
      "meaning": "breath, life-breath",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca",
      "meaning": "and",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "katamaḥ",
      "meaning": "which",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "adhyardhaḥ",
      "meaning": "one and a half",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yaḥ",
      "meaning": "which",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ayam",
      "meaning": "this",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "pavate",
      "meaning": "blows, purifies",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "वे तीन देवता कौन हैं? यही तीन लोक हैं, क्योंकि इनमें ये सभी देवता हैं। वे दो देवता कौन हैं? अन्न और प्राण। डेढ़ कौन है? जो यह पवमान (वायु) बहता है।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "அந்த மூன்று தேவர்கள் யார்? இந்த மூன்று உலகங்களே; இவற்றில்தான் இத்தேவர்கள் அனைவரும் உள்ளனர். அந்த இரண்டு தேவர்கள் யார்? உணவும் பிராணனும். ஒன்றரை எது? இதோ இந்த வீசும் காற்று (பவமானன்).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "ఆ మూడు దేవతలు ఎవరు? ఇవే మూడు లోకాలు; వీటిలోనే ఈ దేవతలంతా ఉన్నారు. ఆ రెండు దేవతలు ఎవరు? అన్నం, ప్రాణం. ఒకటిన్నర ఏది? ఇదిగో ఈ వీచే గాలి (పవమానం).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಆ ಮೂರು ದೇವತೆಗಳು ಯಾರು? ಇವೇ ಮೂರು ಲೋಕಗಳು; ಇವುಗಳಲ್ಲೇ ಈ ಎಲ್ಲ ದೇವತೆಗಳಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಆ ಎರಡು ದೇವತೆಗಳು ಯಾರು? ಅನ್ನ ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರಾಣ. ಒಂದೂವರೆ ಯಾವುದು? ಈ ಬೀಸುವ ಗಾಳಿ (ಪವಮಾನ).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "ആ മൂന്ന് ദേവന്മാർ ആരാണ്? ഇവയാണ് മൂന്ന് ലോകങ്ങൾ; ഇവയിലാണ് ഈ ദേവന്മാരെല്ലാം. ആ രണ്ട് ദേവന്മാർ ആരാണ്? അന്നവും പ്രാണനും. ഒന്നര എന്താണ്? ഇതാ ഈ വീശുന്ന കാറ്റ് (പവമാനം).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "সেই তিন দেবতা কারা? এই তিন লোকই; এদের মধ্যেই এই সকল দেবতা রয়েছে। সেই দুই দেবতা কারা? অন্ন ও প্রাণ। দেড় কী? এই যে প্রবাহিত বায়ু (পবমান)।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "ते तीन देव कोण? हेच तीन लोक; यांच्यात हे सर्व देव आहेत. ते दोन देव कोण? अन्न आणि प्राण. दीड कोण? हा जो वाहणारा वायू (पवमान).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "તે ત્રણ દેવો કયા? આ જ ત્રણ લોક છે; તેમનામાં આ સર્વ દેવો છે. તે બે દેવો કયા? અન્ન અને પ્રાણ. દોઢ કયો? આ જે વહેતો વાયુ (પવમાન) છે.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਉਹ ਤਿੰਨ ਦੇਵਤੇ ਕਿਹੜੇ ਹਨ? ਇਹੀ ਤਿੰਨ ਲੋਕ ਹਨ; ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੀ ਇਹ ਸਭ ਦੇਵਤੇ ਹਨ। ਉਹ ਦੋ ਦੇਵਤੇ ਕਿਹੜੇ ਹਨ? ਅੰਨ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਾਣ। ਡੇਢ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਹੈ? ਇਹ ਜੋ ਵਗਦੀ ਹਵਾ (ਪਵਮਾਨ) ਹੈ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "ସେହି ତିନି ଦେବତା କିଏ? ଏହି ତିନି ଲୋକ ହିଁ; ଏମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଏହି ସମସ୍ତ ଦେବତା ଅଛନ୍ତି। ସେହି ଦୁଇ ଦେବତା କିଏ? ଅନ୍ନ ଓ ପ୍ରାଣ। ଦେଢ଼ କଣ? ଏହି ଯେଉଁ ପ୍ରବାହିତ ପବନ (ପବମାନ)।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "وہ تین دیوتا کون ہیں؟ یہی تین عالم ہیں، کیونکہ انہی میں یہ سب دیوتا ہیں۔ وہ دو دیوتا کون ہیں؟ انّ اور پران۔ ڈیڑھ کیا ہے؟ یہ جو ہوا بہتی ہے (پوامان)۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Which are those three gods? These very three worlds, for in them are all these gods. Which are those two gods? Food and breath. Which is the one and a half? This wind that blows (pavamāna).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "¿Cuáles son esos tres dioses? Estos mismos tres mundos, pues en ellos están todos estos dioses. ¿Cuáles son esos dos dioses? El alimento y el aliento. ¿Cuál es el uno y medio? Este viento que sopla (pavamāna).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Quels sont ces trois dieux ? Ces trois mondes mêmes, car en eux sont tous ces dieux. Quels sont ces deux dieux ? La nourriture et le souffle vital. Quel est le un et demi ? Ce vent qui souffle (pavamāna).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Welche sind jene drei Götter? Eben diese drei Welten, denn in ihnen sind alle diese Götter. Welche sind jene zwei Götter? Speise und Atem. Was ist das Anderthalb? Dieser wehende Wind (pavamāna).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "Quais são esses três deuses? Estes mesmos três mundos, pois neles estão todos estes deuses. Quais são esses dois deuses? O alimento e o sopro vital. Qual é o um e meio? Este vento que sopra (pavamāna).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Кто эти три бога? Именно эти три мира, ибо в них все эти боги. Кто эти два бога? Пища и прана. Что же полтора? Этот дующий ветер (павамана).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "那三位神是谁？正是这三界，因为这一切神都在其中。那两位神是谁？食物与气息（生命气）。一又半者是何？此吹拂之风（pavamāna）。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "その三神とは何か。まさにこの三界である。これら全ての神々がその中にいるからだ。その二神とは何か。食物と生気（プラーナ）である。一と半分とは何か。この吹き渡る風（パヴァマーナ）である。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "من هؤلاء الآلهة الثلاثة؟ هي هذه العوالم الثلاثة، ففيها جميع هؤلاء الآلهة. ومن الإلهان؟ الطعام والنَّفَس. وما الواحد والنصف؟ هذه الريح التي تهبّ (بافامانا).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Siapakah ketiga dewa itu? Inilah ketiga dunia, sebab di dalamnya terdapat semua dewa ini. Siapakah kedua dewa itu? Makanan dan prāṇa. Apakah yang satu setengah itu? Angin yang berhembus ini (pavamāna).",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "ศากัลยะถามว่า เทพสามองค์นั้นคือใครบ้าง ท่านตอบว่า คือโลกทั้งสามนี้เอง เพราะในโลกทั้งสามนี้มีเทพทั้งปวงนี้ ศากัลยะถามว่า เทพสององค์นั้นคือใครบ้าง ท่านตอบว่า คืออาหารและลมปราณ ศากัลยะถามว่า หนึ่งครึ่งคืออะไร ท่านตอบว่า คือลมที่พัดอยู่นี้ (ปวมานะ)",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad, Sanskrit Wikisource, page “बृहदारण्यक उपनिषद् 3p” (revision 311982)",
    "license": "Public domain text; Wikisource page CC BY-SA 4.0",
    "url": "https://sa.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D_3p&oldid=311982"
  },
  "topics": [
    "gods",
    "breath",
    "food",
    "cosmology"
  ],
  "citation": "Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad 3.9.8. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/brihadaranyaka.3.9.8/"
}