{
  "id": "upanishads/chandogya.1.1.10",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/chandogya.1.1.10/",
  "work": {
    "key": "upanishads",
    "title": "Upaniṣads"
  },
  "ref": "chandogya.1.1.10",
  "speaker": "Chāndogya Upaniṣad",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "तेनोभौ कुरुतो यश्चैतदेवं वेद यश्च न वेद । नाना तु विद्या चाविद्या च यदेव विद्यया करोति श्रद्धयोपनिषदा तदेव वीर्यवत्तरं भवतीति खल्वेतस्यैवाक्षरस्योपव्याख्यानं भवति ॥ १.१.१० ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": false
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "tenobhau kuruto yaścaitadevaṃ veda yaśca na veda | nānā tu vidyā cāvidyā ca yadeva vidyayā karoti śraddhayopaniṣadā tadeva vīryavattaraṃ bhavatīti khalvetasyaivākṣarasyopavyākhyānaṃ bhavati || 1.1.10 ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "tena",
      "meaning": "by that",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ubhau",
      "meaning": "both",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "kurutaḥ",
      "meaning": "make, do",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yaḥ",
      "meaning": "who",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca",
      "meaning": "and",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "etat",
      "meaning": "this",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "evam",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "veda",
      "meaning": "knows",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yaḥ",
      "meaning": "who",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca",
      "meaning": "and",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "na",
      "meaning": "not",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "veda",
      "meaning": "knows",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "nānā",
      "meaning": "different",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "tu",
      "meaning": "but",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vidyā",
      "meaning": "knowledge",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca",
      "meaning": "and",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "avidyā",
      "meaning": "ignorance",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca",
      "meaning": "and",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yat",
      "meaning": "what",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "eva",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vidyayā",
      "meaning": "with knowledge",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "karoti",
      "meaning": "does",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "śraddhayā",
      "meaning": "with faith",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "upaniṣadā",
      "meaning": "with the upaniṣad (esoteric teaching)",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "tat",
      "meaning": "that",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "eva",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vīryavat-taram",
      "meaning": "more potent",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "bhavati",
      "meaning": "becomes",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "khalu",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "etasya",
      "meaning": "of this",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "eva",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "akṣarasya",
      "meaning": "of the syllable",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "upavyākhyānam",
      "meaning": "further explanation",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "bhavati",
      "meaning": "is",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "उसी (ॐ) के द्वारा दोनों करते हैं — जो इसे इस प्रकार जानता है और जो नहीं जानता। किंतु विद्या और अविद्या भिन्न हैं; जो कुछ विद्या से, श्रद्धा से और उपनिषद् (गुह्य ज्ञान) से किया जाता है, वही अधिक शक्तिशाली होता है — यही इस अक्षर की उपव्याख्या है।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "அதனால் இருவரும் செய்கிறார்கள் — இதை இவ்வாறு அறிபவனும், அறியாதவனும். ஆனால் வித்தையும் அவித்தையும் வேறானவை; வித்தையாலும், ஶ்ரத்தையாலும், உபநிஷத்தாலும் எது செய்யப்படுகிறதோ, அதுவே மிக்க வீரியமுடையதாகிறது — இதுவே இந்த அக்ஷரத்தின் விளக்கம்.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "అందువల్ల ఇది ఇలా తెలిసినవాడు, తెలియనివాడు ఇద్దరూ చేస్తారు. కానీ విద్య మరియు అవిద్య వేరు; విద్యతో, శ్రద్ధతో, ఉపనిషత్తుతో ఏది చేయబడుతుందో, అదే మరింత బలమైనదవుతుంది — ఇదే ఈ అక్షరానికి వివరణ.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಅದರಿಂದ ಇದನ್ನು ಹೀಗೆ ತಿಳಿದವನೂ, ತಿಳಿಯದವನೂ ಇಬ್ಬರೂ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಆದರೆ ವಿದ್ಯೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅವಿದ್ಯೆ ಬೇರೆ; ವಿದ್ಯೆಯಿಂದ, ಶ್ರದ್ಧೆಯಿಂದ, ಉಪನಿಷತ್ತಿನಿಂದ ಏನು ಮಾಡಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆಯೋ ಅದೇ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಶಕ್ತಿಶಾಲಿಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ — ಇದು ಈ ಅಕ್ಷರದ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ವಿವರಣೆ.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "അതിനാൽ ഇത് ഇങ്ങനെ അറിയുന്നവനും അറിയാത്തവനും ഇരുവരും ചെയ്യുന്നു. എന്നാൽ വിദ്യയും അവിദ്യയും വ്യത്യസ്തമാണ്; വിദ്യകൊണ്ടും ശ്രദ്ധകൊണ്ടും ഉപനിഷത്തുകൊണ്ടും ചെയ്യുന്നത് തന്നെ കൂടുതൽ ശക്തമാകുന്നു — ഇതാണ് ഈ അക്ഷരത്തിന്റെ വിശദീകരണം.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "তার দ্বারা উভয়েই করে — যে এভাবে জানে এবং যে জানে না। কিন্তু বিদ্যা ও অবিদ্যা ভিন্ন; বিদ্যা, শ্রদ্ধা ও উপনিষদের দ্বারা যা করা হয়, তাই অধিক শক্তিশালী হয় — এটিই এই অক্ষরের অতিরিক্ত ব্যাখ্যা।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "त्यामुळे हे असे जाणणारा आणि न जाणणारा दोघेही करतात. पण विद्या आणि अविद्या भिन्न आहेत; विद्येने, श्रद्धेने, उपनिषदाने जे केले जाते तेच अधिक सामर्थ्यवान होते — हेच या अक्षराचे अधिक स्पष्टीकरण आहे.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "તેનાથી આ રીતે જાણનાર અને ન જાણનાર બંને કરે છે. પરંતુ વિદ્યા અને અવિદ્યા જુદી છે; વિદ્યા, શ્રદ્ધા અને ઉપનિષદથી જે કરાય છે તે જ વધુ શક્તિશાળી બને છે — આ આ અક્ષરનું વિશેષ વિવરણ છે.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਇਸ ਨਾਲ ਇਸਨੂੰ ਇਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਜਾਣਨ ਵਾਲਾ ਅਤੇ ਨਾ ਜਾਣਨ ਵਾਲਾ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਪਰ ਵਿਦਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਅਵਿਦਿਆ ਵੱਖਰੀਆਂ ਹਨ; ਵਿਦਿਆ, ਸ਼ਰਧਾ ਅਤੇ ਉਪਨਿਸ਼ਦ ਨਾਲ ਜੋ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਹੀ ਵਧੇਰੇ ਸ਼ਕਤੀਸ਼ਾਲੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ — ਇਹੀ ਇਸ ਅੱਖਰ ਦੀ ਵਧੇਰੇ ਵਿਆਖਿਆ ਹੈ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "ତେଣୁ ଏହାକୁ ଏହିପରି ଜାଣୁଥିବା ଏବଂ ନ ଜାଣୁଥିବା ଉଭୟ କରନ୍ତି। କିନ୍ତୁ ବିଦ୍ୟା ଓ ଅବିଦ୍ୟା ଭିନ୍ନ; ବିଦ୍ୟା, ଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧା ଓ ଉପନିଷଦ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଯାହା କରାଯାଏ, ତାହା ହିଁ ଅଧିକ ଶକ୍ତିଶାଳୀ ହୁଏ — ଏହି ଅକ୍ଷରର ଏହା ବିସ୍ତୃତ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "اسی سے اسے اس طرح جاننے والا اور نہ جاننے والا دونوں کرتے ہیں۔ مگر ودیا اور اویدیا الگ ہیں؛ ودیا، شردّھا اور اُپنِشد کے ساتھ جو کیا جاتا ہے وہی زیادہ قوت والا ہوتا ہے — یہی اس حرف کی مزید وضاحت ہے۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "By that, both do: the one who knows it thus and the one who does not. But knowledge and ignorance are different; whatever is done with knowledge, with faith, with the upaniṣad (hidden teaching), that alone becomes more potent. This is the further explanation of this syllable.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "Por ello ambos actúan: quien lo conoce así y quien no lo conoce. Pero el conocimiento (vidyā) y la ignorancia (avidyā) son diferentes; lo que se hace con conocimiento, con fe, con la upaniṣad (enseñanza oculta), eso solo resulta más poderoso. Esta es la explicación adicional de esta sílaba.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Par cela, tous deux agissent : celui qui le connaît ainsi et celui qui ne le connaît pas. Mais la connaissance (vidyā) et l'ignorance (avidyā) sont différentes ; ce qui se fait par la connaissance, avec la foi, avec l'upaniṣad (enseignement caché), cela seul devient plus puissant. Telle est l'explication complémentaire de cette syllabe.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Dadurch wirken beide: wer es so erkennt und wer es nicht erkennt. Doch Wissen (vidyā) und Unwissen (avidyā) sind verschieden; was mit Wissen, mit Glauben, mit der upaniṣad (verborgene Lehre) getan wird, das allein wird kraftvoller. Dies ist die weitere Erklärung dieser Silbe.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "Por isso, ambos agem: quem o conhece assim e quem não o conhece. Mas o conhecimento (vidyā) e a ignorância (avidyā) são diferentes; o que se faz com conhecimento, com fé, com a upaniṣad (ensinamento oculto), isso se torna mais poderoso. Esta é a explicação adicional desta sílaba.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Благодаря этому действуют оба: тот, кто знает это так, и тот, кто не знает. Но знание (vidyā) и незнание (avidyā) различны; то, что совершается со знанием, с верой, с упанишадой (сокровенным учением), именно оно становится более действенным. Это и есть дальнейшее объяснение этого слога.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "因此，知此者与不知此者皆行之。然而明（vidyā）与无明（avidyā）各异；凡以明、以信、以奥义（upaniṣad，秘传之教）所作，唯此更为有力。此即对此音节的进一步阐释。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "これによって、このように知る者も知らぬ者も行う。しかし明（vidyā）と無明（avidyā）は異なる。知と信とウパニシャッド（秘密の教え）によって行うことこそが、より力を持つ。これがこの音節のさらなる解説である。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "وبذلك يفعل الاثنان: من يعرفه هكذا ومن لا يعرفه. لكنّ المعرفة (vidyā) والجهل (avidyā) مختلفان؛ وما يُفعل بالمعرفة والإيمان والأوبانيشاد (التعليم الباطن) هو وحده الأشد تأثيراً — وهذا هو الشرح الإضافي لهذا المقطع.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Dengan itu keduanya bertindak: orang yang mengetahuinya demikian dan orang yang tidak mengetahuinya. Namun pengetahuan (vidyā) dan ketidaktahuan (avidyā) berbeda; apa yang dilakukan dengan pengetahuan, dengan keyakinan, dengan upaniṣad (ajaran rahasia), itulah yang menjadi lebih berkuasa — inilah penjelasan lanjut dari suku kata ini.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "ด้วยเหตุนั้น ทั้งผู้ที่รู้ดังนี้และผู้ที่ไม่รู้ต่างก็กระทำการ แต่ความรู้กับความไม่รู้นั้นต่างกัน สิ่งใดที่กระทำด้วยความรู้ ด้วยศรัทธา และด้วยอุปนิษัท สิ่งนั้นย่อมมีพลังยิ่งกว่า นี่คือคำอธิบายขยายความของอักษรนี้",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Chāndogya Upaniṣad, Sanskrit Wikisource, page “छान्दोग्योपनिषद्/अध्यायः १” (revision 409248)",
    "license": "Public domain text; Wikisource page CC BY-SA 4.0",
    "url": "https://sa.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%2F%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7&oldid=409248"
  },
  "topics": [
    "om",
    "knowledge",
    "ignorance"
  ],
  "citation": "Chāndogya Upaniṣad 1.1.10. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/chandogya.1.1.10/"
}