{
  "id": "upanishads/chandogya.2.20.1",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/chandogya.2.20.1/",
  "work": {
    "key": "upanishads",
    "title": "Upaniṣads"
  },
  "ref": "chandogya.2.20.1",
  "speaker": "Chāndogya Upaniṣad",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "अग्निर्हिङ्कारो वायुः प्रस्ताव आदित्य उद्गीथो नक्षत्राणि प्रतिहारश्चन्द्रमा निधनमेत देवतासु प्रोतम् ॥ २.२०.१ ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": false
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "agnirhiṅkāro vāyuḥ prastāva āditya udgītho nakṣatrāṇi pratihāraścandramā nidhanameta devatāsu protam || 2.20.1 ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "agnir",
      "meaning": "fire",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "hiṅkāraḥ",
      "meaning": "the humming (hiṅkāra) of the sāma chant",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vāyuḥ",
      "meaning": "wind",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "prastāvaḥ",
      "meaning": "the prastāva, the opening section of the chant",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ādityaḥ",
      "meaning": "the sun",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "udgīthaḥ",
      "meaning": "the udgītha, the main chanted portion",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "nakṣatrāṇi",
      "meaning": "the stars",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "pratihāraḥ",
      "meaning": "the pratihāra, the returning refrain",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "candramāḥ",
      "meaning": "the moon",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "nidhanam",
      "meaning": "the nidhana, the closing",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "etat",
      "meaning": "this",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "devatāsu",
      "meaning": "among the deities",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "protam",
      "meaning": "woven in, strung together",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "अग्नि हिंकार है, वायु प्रस्ताव है, आदित्य उद्गीथ है, नक्षत्र प्रतिहार हैं, चंद्रमा निधन है; यह सब देवताओं में पिरोया हुआ है।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "அக்னி ஹிங்காரம்; வாயு பிரஸ்தாவம்; ஆதித்யன் உத்கீதம்; நட்சத்திரங்கள் பிரதிஹாரம்; சந்திரன் நிதனம். இவை அனைத்தும் தேவர்களில் கோக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "అగ్ని హింకారం, వాయువు ప్రస్తావం, ఆదిత్యుడు ఉద్గీథం, నక్షత్రాలు ప్రతిహారం, చంద్రుడు నిధనం; ఇవన్నీ దేవతలలో గ్రుచ్చబడి ఉన్నాయి.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಅಗ್ನಿ ಹಿಂಕಾರ, ವಾಯು ಪ್ರಸ್ತಾವ, ಆದಿತ್ಯ ಉದ್ಗೀಥ, ನಕ್ಷತ್ರಗಳು ಪ್ರತಿಹಾರ, ಚಂದ್ರ ನಿಧನ; ಇವು ದೇವತೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಪೋಣಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿವೆ.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "അഗ്നി ഹിങ്കാരം, വായു പ്രസ്താവം, ആദിത്യൻ ഉദ്ഗീഥം, നക്ഷത്രങ്ങൾ പ്രതിഹാരം, ചന്ദ്രൻ നിധനം; ഇവയെല്ലാം ദേവതകളിൽ കോർക്കപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്നു.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "অগ্নি হিঙ্কার, বায়ু প্রস্তাব, আদিত্য উদ্গীথ, নক্ষত্রসমূহ প্রতিহার, চন্দ্র নিধন; এ সবই দেবতাদের মধ্যে গাঁথা রয়েছে।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "अग्नी हिंकार आहे, वायू प्रस्ताव आहे, आदित्य उद्गीथ आहे, नक्षत्रे प्रतिहार आहेत, चंद्र निधन आहे; हे सर्व देवतांमध्ये ओवलेले आहे.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "અગ્નિ હિંકાર છે, વાયુ પ્રસ્તાવ છે, આદિત્ય ઉદ્ગીથ છે, નક્ષત્રો પ્રતિહાર છે, ચંદ્ર નિધન છે; આ સર્વ દેવતાઓમાં પરોવાયેલું છે.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਅਗਨੀ ਹਿੰਕਾਰ ਹੈ, ਵਾਯੂ ਪ੍ਰਸਤਾਵ ਹੈ, ਆਦਿੱਤ ਉਦਗੀਥ ਹੈ, ਨਛੱਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਹਾਰ ਹਨ, ਚੰਦਰਮਾ ਨਿਧਨ ਹੈ; ਇਹ ਸਭ ਦੇਵਤਿਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਰੋਏ ਹੋਏ ਹਨ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "ଅଗ୍ନି ହିଙ୍କାର, ବାୟୁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ, ଆଦିତ୍ୟ ଉଦ୍‌ଗୀଥ, ନକ୍ଷତ୍ରମାନେ ପ୍ରତିହାର, ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ନିଧନ; ଏହି ସବୁ ଦେବତାମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଗୁନ୍ଥା ହୋଇଛି।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "آگ ہنکار ہے، ہوا پرستاو ہے، آدتیہ ادگیتھ ہے، ستارے پرتیہار ہیں، چاند ندھن ہے؛ یہ سب دیوتاؤں میں پرویا ہوا ہے۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Fire is the hiṅkāra, wind the prastāva, the sun the udgītha, the stars the pratihāra, the moon the nidhana: all of this is strung upon the deities.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "El fuego es el hiṅkāra, el viento el prastāva, el sol el udgītha, las estrellas el pratihāra y la luna el nidhana; todo ello está ensartado en los dioses.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Le feu est le hiṅkāra, le vent le prastāva, le soleil l'udgītha, les étoiles le pratihāra, la lune le nidhana : tout cela est enfilé dans les dieux.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Das Feuer ist das hiṅkāra, der Wind das prastāva, die Sonne das udgītha, die Sterne das pratihāra, der Mond das nidhana; all dies ist in die Götter eingefädelt.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "O fogo é o hiṅkāra, o vento o prastāva, o sol o udgītha, as estrelas o pratihāra, a lua o nidhana: tudo isso está enfiado nos deuses.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Огонь — это хинкара, ветер — прастава, солнце — удгитха, звёзды — пратихара, луна — нидхана; всё это нанизано на богов.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "火是哼唱声(hiṅkāra),风是开端(prastāva),太阳是高唱(udgītha),星辰是回应(pratihāra),月亮是结尾(nidhana);这一切都串联在诸神之中。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "火はヒンカーラ、風はプラスタava、太陽はウドギータ、星々はプラティハーラ、月はニダナである。これらすべては神々に貫かれている。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "النار هي الهِنكارا، والريح هي البْرَستاva، والشمس هي الأُدْغِيثا، والنجوم هي البْرَتِيهارا، والقمر هو النِّدهانا؛ وكل ذلك منظوم في الآلهة.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Api adalah hiṅkāra, angin adalah prastāva, matahari adalah udgītha, bintang-bintang adalah pratihāra, bulan adalah nidhana; semuanya terangkai pada para dewa.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "ไฟคือหิงการ ลมคือปรัสตาวะ ดวงอาทิตย์คืออุทคีถะ ดวงดาวคือปรติหาระ ดวงจันทร์คือนิธนะ ทั้งหมดนี้ถูกร้อยไว้กับเทพทั้งหลาย",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Chāndogya Upaniṣad, Sanskrit Wikisource, page “छान्दोग्योपनिषद्/अध्यायः २” (revision 311182)",
    "license": "Public domain text; Wikisource page CC BY-SA 4.0",
    "url": "https://sa.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%2F%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A8&oldid=311182"
  },
  "topics": [
    "sama",
    "sacrifice",
    "cosmos",
    "devata"
  ],
  "citation": "Chāndogya Upaniṣad 2.20.1. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/chandogya.2.20.1/"
}