{
  "id": "upanishads/mundaka.1.1.4",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/mundaka.1.1.4/",
  "work": {
    "key": "upanishads",
    "title": "Upaniṣads"
  },
  "ref": "mundaka.1.1.4",
  "speaker": "Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad · Aṅgiras to Śaunaka",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "तस्मै स होवाच ।\nद्वे विद्ये वेदितव्ये इति ह स्म\nयद्ब्रह्मविदो वदन्ति परा चैवापरा च ॥ १.१.४ ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": false
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "tasmai sa hovāca |\ndve vidye veditavye iti ha sma\nyadbrahmavido vadanti parā caivāparā ca || 1.1.4 ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "tasmai",
      "meaning": "to him",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "saḥ",
      "meaning": "he",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ha uvāca",
      "meaning": "said",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "dve",
      "meaning": "two",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vidye",
      "meaning": "knowledges",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "veditavye",
      "meaning": "to be known",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ha sma",
      "meaning": "indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yat",
      "meaning": "which",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "brahma-vidaḥ",
      "meaning": "knowers of brahman",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "vadanti",
      "meaning": "say",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "parā",
      "meaning": "higher",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca eva",
      "meaning": "and indeed",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "aparā",
      "meaning": "lower",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ca",
      "meaning": "and",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "उसने उससे कहा: 'दो विद्याएँ जानने योग्य हैं,' ऐसा ब्रह्मवेत्ता कहते हैं — परा और अपरा।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "அவர் அவரிடம் கூறினார்: \"அறியத்தக்கவை இரண்டு வித்தைகள்\" என்று பிரம்மம் அறிந்தவர்கள் சொல்கின்றனர் — பரை என்றும் அபரை என்றும்.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "ఆయన అతనితో ఇలా అన్నాడు: \"తెలుసుకోదగినవి రెండు విద్యలు\" అని బ్రహ్మజ్ఞులు చెబుతారు — పర అని, అపర అని.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಅವನು ಅವನಿಗೆ ಹೇಳಿದನು: \"ತಿಳಿಯಬೇಕಾದದ್ದು ಎರಡು ವಿದ್ಯೆಗಳು\" ಎಂದು ಬ್ರಹ್ಮವಿದರು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ — ಪರಾ ಮತ್ತು ಅಪರಾ.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "അദ്ദേഹം അവനോട് പറഞ്ഞു: \"അറിയേണ്ടത് രണ്ടു വിദ്യകളാണ്\" എന്ന് ബ്രഹ്മജ്ഞാനികൾ പറയുന്നു — പരാവിദ്യയും അപരാവിദ്യയും.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "তিনি তাঁকে বললেন, 'জানার যোগ্য দুটি বিদ্যা'—এমনটাই ব্রহ্মজ্ঞরা বলেন—পর ও অপর।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "तो त्याला म्हणाला, \"जाणण्यायोग्य दोन विद्या आहेत\" असे ब्रह्मज्ञ म्हणतात — परा आणि अपरा.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "તેમણે તેને કહ્યું, \"જાણવા યોગ્ય બે વિદ્યાઓ છે\" એમ બ્રહ્મજ્ઞો કહે છે — પરા અને અપરા.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਉਸ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਹਾ, \"ਜਾਣਨ ਯੋਗ ਦੋ ਵਿਦਿਆਵਾਂ ਹਨ\" ਇਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਵੇਤਾ ਆਖਦੇ ਹਨ — ਪਰਾ ਅਤੇ ਅਪਰਾ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "ସେ ତାହାଙ୍କୁ କହିଲେ, \"ଜାଣିବା ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ଦୁଇଟି ବିଦ୍ୟା\" ବୋଲି ବ୍ରହ୍ମଜ୍ଞମାନେ କହନ୍ତି — ପରା ଓ ଅପରା।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "اس نے اس سے کہا: 'جاننے کے قابل دو علم ہیں' جیسا کہ برہم شناس کہتے ہیں — پرا اور اپرا۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "He said to him: 'There are two knowledges to be known' — so say those who know brahman — the higher and the lower.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "Le dijo: «Dos conocimientos son los que deben conocerse», así dicen los conocedores de brahman: el superior y el inferior.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Il lui dit : « Deux savoirs sont à connaître », disent ainsi les connaisseurs de brahman : le supérieur et l'inférieur.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Er sprach zu ihm: 'Zwei Wissensarten sind zu erkennen' – so sagen es die Kenner des brahman: das höhere und das niedere.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "Disse-lhe: 'Dois saberes são para ser conhecidos', assim dizem os conhecedores de brahman: o superior e o inferior.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Он сказал ему: «Две области знания подлежат познанию» — так говорят знатоки брахмана: высшее и низшее.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "他对他说：“应当知道的有两种知识”，梵智者如此说——上智与下智。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "彼は言った。「知られるべき知は二つである」とブラフマンを知る者たちは言う。上位の知と下位の知である。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "قال له: «العلمان اللذان ينبغي معرفتهما» كما يقول العارفون ببراهمان: الأعلى والأدنى.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Ia berkata kepadanya: 'Ada dua pengetahuan yang patut diketahui', demikian kata para pengenal brahman: yang tinggi dan yang rendah.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "อังคิรสตอบแก่เขาว่า \"มีความรู้สองประการที่ควรรู้ ดังที่ผู้รู้พรหมันกล่าวไว้ คือความรู้ขั้นสูงและขั้นต่ำ\"",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad, Sanskrit Wikisource, page “मुण्डकोपनिषद्” (revision 415828)",
    "license": "Public domain text; Wikisource page CC BY-SA 4.0",
    "url": "https://sa.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D&oldid=415828"
  },
  "topics": [
    "knowledge",
    "higher-lower",
    "brahman"
  ],
  "citation": "Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad 1.1.4. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/mundaka.1.1.4/"
}