{
  "id": "upanishads/shvetashvatara.1.2",
  "url": "https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/shvetashvatara.1.2/",
  "work": {
    "key": "upanishads",
    "title": "Upaniṣads"
  },
  "ref": "shvetashvatara.1.2",
  "speaker": "Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad",
  "sanskrit": {
    "text": "कालः स्वभावो नियतिर्यदृच्छा भूतानि योनिः पुरुष इति चिन्त्यम् ।\nसंयोग एषां न त्वात्मभावादात्माप्यनीशः सुखदुःखहेतोः ॥ १.२ ॥",
    "script": "Deva",
    "accented": false
  },
  "transliteration": {
    "text": "kālaḥ svabhāvo niyatiryadṛcchā bhūtāni yoniḥ puruṣa iti cintyam |\nsaṃyoga eṣāṃ na tvātmabhāvādātmāpyanīśaḥ sukhaduḥkhahetoḥ || 1.2 ||",
    "scheme": "IAST"
  },
  "words": [
    {
      "word": "kālaḥ",
      "meaning": "time",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "svabhāvaḥ",
      "meaning": "nature, own being",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "niyatiḥ",
      "meaning": "fixed order, destiny",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yadṛcchā",
      "meaning": "chance, accident",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "bhūtāni",
      "meaning": "elements, beings",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "yoniḥ",
      "meaning": "womb, source",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "puruṣaḥ",
      "meaning": "person, spirit",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "iti",
      "meaning": "thus (quotation marker)",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "cintyam",
      "meaning": "to be considered, to be thought over",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "saṃyogaḥ",
      "meaning": "combination, conjunction",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "eṣām",
      "meaning": "of these",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "na",
      "meaning": "not",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "tu",
      "meaning": "but, however",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ātma-bhāvāt",
      "meaning": "from the nature of self",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "ātmā",
      "meaning": "self",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "api",
      "meaning": "also",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "anīśaḥ",
      "meaning": "not a lord, powerless",
      "lang": "en"
    },
    {
      "word": "sukha-duḥkha-hetoḥ",
      "meaning": "cause of pleasure and pain",
      "lang": "en"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "hi",
      "text": "काल, स्वभाव, नियति, यदृच्छा, भूत और योनि, तथा पुरुष — ऐसा विचार करना चाहिए। किन्तु इनका संयोग भी कारण नहीं है, क्योंकि आत्मा स्वयं भी सुख-दुःख का कारण होने में असमर्थ है।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ta",
      "text": "காலம், இயல்பு, நியதி, தற்செயல், பூதங்கள், யோனி, புருஷன் ஆகியவை பற்றி சிந்திக்க வேண்டும். ஆனால் இவற்றின் சேர்க்கையும் காரணம் அல்ல; ஆன்மா தானும் இன்ப துன்பத்திற்குக் காரணமாக இயலாதவன்.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "te",
      "text": "కాలం, స్వభావం, నియతి, యదృచ్ఛ, భూతాలు, యోని, పురుషుడు — ఇవి ఆలోచించదగినవి. కానీ వీటి కలయిక కూడా కారణం కాదు; ఆత్మ కూడా సుఖదుఃఖాలకు కారణం కావడానికి సమర్థుడు కాడు.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kn",
      "text": "ಕಾಲ, ಸ್ವಭಾವ, ನಿಯತಿ, ಯದೃಚ್ಛೆ, ಭೂತಗಳು, ಯೋನಿ, ಪುರುಷ ಎಂಬವುಗಳನ್ನು ಚಿಂತಿಸಬೇಕು. ಆದರೆ ಇವುಗಳ ಸಂಯೋಗವೂ ಕಾರಣವಲ್ಲ; ಆತ್ಮನೂ ಸುಖ-ದುಃಖಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣನಾಗಲು ಅಸಮರ್ಥನು.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ml",
      "text": "കാലം, സ്വഭാവം, നിയതി, യദൃച്ഛ, ഭൂതങ്ങൾ, യോനി, പുരുഷൻ എന്നിവ ചിന്തിക്കേണ്ടതാണ്. എന്നാൽ ഇവയുടെ സംയോഗവും കാരണമല്ല; ആത്മാവും സുഖദുഃഖങ്ങൾക്ക് കാരണമാകാൻ ശക്തനല്ല.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bn",
      "text": "কাল, স্বভাব, নিয়তি, যদৃচ্ছা, ভূতসমূহ, যোনি এবং পুরুষ — এগুলি বিচার্য। কিন্তু এদের সংযোগও কারণ নয়; আত্মাও সুখদুঃখের কারণ হতে অসমর্থ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "mr",
      "text": "काल, स्वभाव, नियती, यदृच्छा, भूते, योनी आणि पुरुष — यांचा विचार करावा. परंतु यांचा संयोगही कारण नाही; आत्माही सुखदुःखाचे कारण होण्यास समर्थ नाही.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "gu",
      "text": "કાળ, સ્વભાવ, નિયતિ, યદૃચ્છા, ભૂતો, યોનિ અને પુરુષ — આ વિચારવા યોગ્ય છે. પરંતુ એમનો સંયોગ પણ કારણ નથી; આત્મા પણ સુખ-દુઃખનું કારણ બનવા અસમર્થ છે.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pa",
      "text": "ਕਾਲ, ਸੁਭਾਅ, ਨਿਯਤੀ, ਯਦ੍ਰਿੱਛਾ, ਭੂਤ, ਯੋਨੀ ਅਤੇ ਪੁਰਖ, ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਪਰ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਸੰਯੋਗ ਵੀ ਕਾਰਨ ਨਹੀਂ; ਆਤਮਾ ਵੀ ਸੁਖ-ਦੁੱਖ ਦਾ ਕਾਰਨ ਬਣਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਸਮਰਥ ਹੈ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "or",
      "text": "କାଳ, ସ୍ୱଭାବ, ନିୟତି, ଯଦୃଚ୍ଛା, ଭୂତସମୂହ, ଯୋନି ଓ ପୁରୁଷ — ଏସବୁ ବିଚାର୍ଯ୍ୟ। କିନ୍ତୁ ଏମାନଙ୍କର ସଂଯୋଗ ମଧ୍ୟ କାରଣ ନୁହେଁ; ଆତ୍ମା ନିଜେ ମଧ୍ୟ ସୁଖ-ଦୁଃଖର କାରଣ ହେବାକୁ ଅସମର୍ଥ।",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ur",
      "text": "وقت، فطرت، تقدیر، اتفاق، عناصر، سرچشمہ اور پرش، ان پر غور کرنا چاہیے۔ مگر ان کا ملاپ بھی سبب نہیں؛ اور آتما خود بھی سکھ دکھ کا سبب بننے سے عاجز ہے۔",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Time, nature, destiny, chance, the elements, the womb, and the person (puruṣa) — these must be considered. But their conjunction is not the cause either; the self too is powerless to be the cause of pleasure and pain.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "text": "El tiempo, la naturaleza, el destino, el azar, los elementos, la matriz y el puruṣa deben ser considerados. Pero su conjunción tampoco es la causa; el ātman mismo es impotente para ser causa del placer y del dolor.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fr",
      "text": "Le temps, la nature, le destin, le hasard, les éléments, la matrice et le puruṣa doivent être examinés. Mais leur conjonction n'est pas non plus la cause ; l'ātman lui-même est impuissant à être la cause du plaisir et de la douleur.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "de",
      "text": "Zeit, Natur, Schicksal, Zufall, die Elemente, der Schoß und der Purusha sind zu erwägen. Doch auch ihre Verbindung ist nicht die Ursache; selbst das Selbst (ātman) ist ohnmächtig, Ursache von Lust und Leid zu sein.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "pt",
      "text": "O tempo, a natureza, o destino, o acaso, os elementos, a matriz e o puruṣa devem ser considerados. Mas sua conjunção também não é a causa; o ātman, ele mesmo, é impotente para ser a causa do prazer e da dor.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ru",
      "text": "Время, природа, предопределение, случай, стихии, лоно и пуруша — должны быть обдуманы. Но их соединение также не причина; и сам атман бессилен быть причиной радости и страдания.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "zh",
      "text": "时间、自性、定命、偶然、诸元素、母胎与补鲁沙，应当思量。然而它们的结合也不是因；自我本身也无力成为苦乐的因。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ja",
      "text": "時間、自性、定め、偶然、諸元素、胎、そしてプルシャ——これらは考察されるべきである。しかしそれらの結合もまた原因ではない。アートマン自身も、苦楽の原因となる力を持たない。",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ar",
      "text": "ينبغي التفكّر في الزمان والطبيعة والقدر والمصادفة والعناصر والرحم والبوروشا. لكنّ اجتماعها ليس هو السبب أيضًا؛ وحتى الأتمان نفسه عاجز عن أن يكون سبب اللذّة والألم.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "id",
      "text": "Waktu, kodrat, takdir, kebetulan, unsur-unsur, rahim, dan puruṣa patut direnungkan. Namun gabungan semuanya pun bukan sebabnya; ātman sendiri pun tak berdaya menjadi sebab suka dan duka.",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    },
    {
      "lang": "th",
      "text": "กาล ธรรมชาติ โชคชะตา ความบังเอิญ ธาตุทั้งหลาย ครรภ์ และปุรุษะ ต้องถูกพิจารณา แต่แม้การประกอบกันของสิ่งเหล่านี้ก็มิใช่เหตุ ตัวตนเองก็ไร้อำนาจที่จะเป็นเหตุของสุขและทุกข์",
      "translator": "Vedyatra working draft (AI)",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "status": "machine",
      "statusLabel": "Machine draft"
    }
  ],
  "commentary": [],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad, Sanskrit Wikisource, page “श्वेताश्वतरोपनिषत्/प्रथमः अध्यायः” (revision 95888)",
    "license": "Public domain text; Wikisource page CC BY-SA 4.0",
    "url": "https://sa.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%2F%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83&oldid=95888"
  },
  "topics": [
    "causality",
    "time",
    "nature",
    "self"
  ],
  "citation": "Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad 1.2. Vedyatra, https://vedyatra.org/verses/upanishads/shvetashvatara.1.2/"
}