Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.31
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1.31.1
कोऽपराधो महेन्द्रस्य कः प्रमादश्च सूतज ।
तपसा वालखिल्यानां संभूतो गरुडः कथम् ॥ १.३१.१ ॥
O son of the charioteer, what was the offense of Mahendra, and what was his lapse? How was Garuḍa born through the asceticism of the Vālakhilyas?
1.31.2
कश्यपस्य द्विजातेश्च कथं वै पक्षिराट् सुतः ।
अधृष्टः सर्वभूतानामवध्यस्चाभवत्कथम् ॥ १.३१.२ ॥
How did the king of birds become the son of the brahmin Kaśyapa? How did he become unassailable and not to be slain by any creature?
1.31.3
कथं च कामचारी स कामवीर्यश्च खेचरः ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं पुराणे यदि पठ्यते ॥ १.३१.३ ॥
And how did he become one who moves at will, of desired power, and a sky-goer? I wish to hear this, if it is recited in the Purāṇa.
1.31.4
विषयोऽयं पुराणस्य यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ।
शृणु मे वदतः सर्वमेतत्संक्षेपतों द्विज ॥ १.३१.४ ॥
O twice-born, this subject you ask me about belongs to the Purāṇa. Listen to all of it from me, as I tell it briefly.
1.31.5
यजतः पुत्रकामस्य कश्यपस्य प्रजापतेः ।
साहाय्यमृषयो देवा गन्धर्वाश्च ददुः किल ॥ १.३१.५ ॥
To Kaśyapa, lord of creatures, who was sacrificing desiring a son, the sages, the gods and the gandharvas gave their assistance.
1.31.6
तत्रेध्मानयने शक्रो नियुक्तः कश्यपेन ह ।
मुनयो वालखिल्याश्च ये चान्ये देवतागणाः ॥ १.३१.६ ॥
There Indra (Śakra) was indeed appointed by Kaśyapa to bring the fuel-sticks; the Vālakhilya sages and the other groups of gods were there too.
1.31.7
शक्रस्तु वीर्यसदृशमिध्यभारं गिरिप्रभम् ।
समुद्यम्यानयामास नातिकृच्छ्रादिव प्रभुः ॥ १.३१.७ ॥
But Śakra, equal to his valour, lifted a load of firewood as high as a mountain and brought it, as though it were no great effort for the mighty one.
1.31.8
अथापश्यदृषीन्ह्रस्वानङ्गुष्ठोदरवर्ष्मणः ।
पलाशवर्तिकामेकां वहतः संहतान्पथि ॥ १.३१.८ ॥
Then he saw sages, very small, their bodies no bigger than a thumb and a belly, gathered together on the path and carrying a single palāśa stalk.
1.31.9
प्रलीनान्स्वेष्विवाङ्गेषु निराहारांस्तपोधनान् ।
क्लिश्यमानान्मन्दबलान्गोष्पदे संप्लुतोदके ॥ १.३१.९ ॥
They had shrunk into their own limbs, fasting, their wealth their austerity, suffering and weak in strength, sunk in the water of a cow's hoof-print.
1.31.10
तान्सर्वान्विस्मयाविष्टो वीर्योन्मत्तः पुरन्दरः ।
अपहास्याभ्यगाच्छीघ्रं लम्बयित्वाऽवमन्य च ॥ १.३१.१० ॥
Seized with wonder at them all, and intoxicated with his strength, Purandara, mocking, came swiftly near, dangled them, and scorned them.
1.31.11
तेऽथ रोषसमाविष्टाः सुभृशं जातमन्यवः ।
आरेभिरे महत्कर्म तदा शक्रभयंकरम् ॥ १.३१.११ ॥
Then they, seized with fierce anger and their wrath aroused, began a great rite terrifying to Śakra.
1.31.12
जुहुवुस्ते सुतपसो विधिवज्जातवेदसम् ।
मन्त्रैरुच्चावचैर्विप्रा येन कामेन तच्छृणु ॥ १.३१.१२ ॥
Those greatly austere ones offered oblations according to rule into Jātavedas (Agni), with mantras high and low, various. Hear, O brahmins, the desire by which they did this.
1.31.13
कामवीर्यः कामगमो देवराजभयप्रदः ।
इन्द्रोऽन्यः सर्वदेवानां भवेदिति यतव्रताः ॥ १.३१.१३ ॥
Whose strength is by will and who goes at will, who brings fear to the lord of the gods, may he become another Indra among all the gods — thus said those firm in their vows.
1.31.14
इन्द्राच्छतगुणः शौर्ये वीर्ये चैव मनोजवः ।
तपसो नः फलेनाद्य दारुणः संभवित्विति ॥ १.३१.१४ ॥
Hundred times greater than Indra in valour and might, swift as thought — by the fruit of our austerity may a terrible one arise today, thus they said.
1.31.15
तद्बुद्ध्वा भृशसंतप्तो देवराजः शतक्रतुः ।
जगाम शरणं तत्र कश्यपं संशितव्रतम् ॥ १.३१.१५ ॥
Having learned this, Indra, king of the gods, the hundred-sacrificer, greatly distressed, went there for refuge to Kaśyapa, whose vow is keen.
1.31.16
तच्छ्रुत्वा देवराजस्य कश्यपोऽथ प्रजापतिः ।
वालखिल्यानुपागम्य कर्मसिद्धिमपृच्छत ॥ १.३१.१६ ॥
Having heard the words of the king of the gods, Kaśyapa, the lord of creatures, approached the Vālakhilyas and asked them about the success of the rite.
1.31.17
केन कामेन चारब्धं भवद्भिर्होमकर्म च ।
याथातथ्येन मे ब्रूत श्रोतुं कौतूहलं हि मे ॥ १.३१.१७ ॥
For what desire did you begin the fire-offering rite? Tell me truly; I am eager to hear it.
1.31.18
अवज्ञाताः सुरेन्द्रेण मूढेनाकृतबुद्धिना ।
ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तेन सदाचारान्निरस्यता ॥ १.३१.१८ ॥
We were scorned by the lord of the gods, deluded and of unrefined understanding, maddened by the intoxication of power, who cast us out from proper conduct.
1.31.19
तद्विघातार्थमारम्भो विधिवत्तस्य कश्यप ॥ १.३१.१९ ॥
O Kaśyapa, he has undertaken this in the proper manner, to obstruct it.
1.31.20
एवमस्त्विति तं चापि प्रत्यूचुः सत्यवादिनः ।
तान्कश्यप उवाचेदं सान्त्वपूर्वं प्रजापतिः ॥ १.३१.२० ॥
'So be it,' the truth-speaking ones replied to him as well. Then Kaśyapa, the lord of creatures, spoke this to them, beginning with conciliation.
1.31.21
अयमिन्द्रस्त्रिभुवने नियोगाद्ब्रह्मणः कृतः ।
इन्द्रार्थे च भवन्तोऽपि यत्नवन्तस्तपोधनाः ॥ १.३१.२१ ॥
This Indra was appointed over the three worlds by the command of Brahmā. And you too, O wealthy in asceticism, should strive for Indra's sake.
1.31.22
न मिथ्या ब्रह्मणो वाक्यं कर्तुमर्हथ सत्तमाः ।
भवतां हि न मिथ्याऽयं संकल्पो वै चिकीर्षितः ॥ १.३१.२२ ॥
O best of the good, it is not fitting for you to make Brahmā's word false. Nor is this resolve of yours false; it is indeed to be carried out.
1.31.23
भवत्वेष पतत्रीणामिन्द्रोऽतिबलसत्त्ववान् ।
प्रसादः क्रियतामस्य देवराजस्य याचतः ॥ १.३१.२३ ॥
Let this Indra become the most mighty and vigorous among the winged ones. Let favour be shown to this king of the gods who begs.
1.31.24
एवमुक्ताः कश्यपेन वालखिल्यास्तपोधनाः ।
प्रत्यूचुरभिसंपूज्य मुनिश्रेष्ठं प्रजापतिम् ॥ १.३१.२४ ॥
Thus addressed by Kaśyapa, the Vālakhilyas, wealthy in asceticism, paid honour to the lord of creatures, the best of sages, and replied.
1.31.25
इन्द्रार्थोऽयं समारम्भः सर्वेषां नः प्रजापते ।
अपत्यार्थं समारम्भो भवतश्चायमीप्सितः ॥ १.३१.२५ ॥
This undertaking is for Indra, O lord of creatures, the undertaking of all of us. And this undertaking of yours is desired for the sake of offspring.
1.31.26
तदिदं सफलं कर्म त्वयैव प्रतिगृह्यताम् ।
तथा चैवं विधत्स्वात्र यथा श्रेयोऽनुपश्यसि ॥ १.३१.२६ ॥
Therefore may this rite be fruitful; may you yourself accept it. And in this matter do as you see fit for welfare.
1.31.27
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु देवी दाक्षायणी शुभा ।
विनता नाम कल्याणी पुत्रकामा यशस्विनी ॥ १.३१.२७ ॥
At that very time the auspicious goddess Vinatā, of Dakṣa's lineage, fortunate, desiring a son, and renowned,
1.31.28
तपस्तप्त्वा व्रतपरा स्नाता पुंसवने शुचिः ।
उपचक्राम भर्तारं तामुवाचाथ कश्यपः ॥ १.३१.२८ ॥
Having performed austerity and devoted to her vows, she bathed for the male-begetting rite, became pure, and approached her husband; then Kaśyapa spoke to her.
1.31.29
आरम्भः सफलो देवि भविता यस्त्वयेप्सितः ।
जनयिष्यसि पुत्रौ द्वौ वीरौ त्रिभुवनेश्वरौ ॥ १.३१.२९ ॥
O goddess, the undertaking you have desired will bear fruit; you will bear two heroic sons, lords of the three worlds.
1.31.30
तपसा वालखिल्यानां मम संकल्पतस्तथा ।
भविष्यतो महाभागौ पुत्रौ त्रैलोक्यपूजितौ ॥ १.३१.३० ॥
By the austerity of the Vālakhilyas and by my resolve, so it shall be: two greatly fortunate sons, honoured in the three worlds.
1.31.31
उवाच चैनां भगवान्कश्यपः पुनरेव ह ।
धार्यतामप्रमादेन गर्भोऽयं सुमहोदयः ॥ १.३१.३१ ॥
The venerable Kaśyapa spoke to her again: "Carry this embryo carefully; its rise will be very great."
1.31.32
एकः सर्वपतत्रीणामिन्द्रत्वं कारयिष्यति ।
लोकसंभावितो वीरः कामरूपो विहङ्गमः ॥ १.३१.३२ ॥
This one alone will bring about Indra-hood for all winged creatures; the hero, esteemed among the worlds, will be a bird able to take any form at will.
1.31.33
शतक्रतुमथोवाच प्रीयमाणः प्रजापतिः ।
त्वत्सहायौ महावीर्यौ भ्रातरौ ते भविष्यतः ॥ १.३१.३३ ॥
Then Prajāpati, pleased, spoke to Śatakratu (Indra): "Two brothers of great might will be your helpers."
1.31.34
नैताभ्यां भविता दोषः सकाशात्ते पुरंदर ।
व्येतु ते शक्र संतापस्त्वमेवेन्द्रो भविष्यसि ॥ १.३१.३४ ॥
No fault will come to you from these two, O Purandara. May your distress depart, O Śakra; you yourself shall remain Indra.
1.31.35
न चाप्येवं त्वया भूयः क्षेप्तव्या ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
न चावमान्या दर्पात्ते वाग्वज्रा भृशकोपनाः ॥ १.३१.३५ ॥
Nor shall you again insult such sages who speak of Brahman, nor disdain them out of arrogance; their words are thunderbolts, and they are exceedingly quick to anger.
1.31.36
एवमुक्तो जगामेन्द्रो निर्विशङ्कस्त्रिविष्टपम् ।
विनता चापि सिद्धार्था बभूव मुदिता तथा ॥ १.३१.३६ ॥
Thus addressed, Indra went fearlessly to heaven, and Vinatā too, her purpose accomplished, became glad.
1.31.37
जनयामास पुत्रौ द्वावरुणं गरुडं तथा ।
विकलाङ्गोऽरुणस्तत्र भास्करस्य पुरःसरः ॥ १.३१.३७ ॥
She gave birth to two sons, Aruṇa and Garuḍa. Aruṇa was maimed in his limbs, and he became the one who goes before the sun.
1.31.38
पतत्त्रीणां च गरुडमिन्द्रत्वेनाभ्यषिञ्चत ।
तस्यैतत्कर्म सुमहच्छ्रूयतां भृगुनन्दन ॥ १.३१.३८ ॥
And they anointed Garuḍa as Indra over the birds. O son of Bhṛgu, hear this very great deed of his.