Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.83
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1.83.1
अहं ययातिर्नहुषस्य पुत्रः ।
पूरोः पिता सर्वभूतावमानात्।
प्रभ्रंशितः सुरसिद्धर्षिलोका-
त्परिच्युतः प्रपताम्यल्पपुण्यः ॥ १.८३.१ ॥
I am Yayāti, son of Nahuṣa, father of Pūru. Through contempt for all beings, of little merit, I am cast down from the worlds of gods, perfected beings and seers, and I fall.
1.83.2
अहं हि पूर्वो वयसा भवद्भ्य-
स्तेनाभिवादं भवतां न प्रयुञ्जे।
यो विद्यया तपसा जन्मना वा ।
वृद्धः स पूज्यो भवति द्विजानाम् ॥ १.८३.२ ॥
I am older than you in years, and so I do not offer you salutation. He who is elder by learning, by austerity, or by birth is the one worthy of honour among the twice-born.
1.83.3
अवादीस्त्वं वयसा यः प्रवृद्धः ।
स वै राजन्नाभ्यधिकः कथ्यते च।
यो विद्यया तपसा संप्रवृद्धः ।
स एव पूज्यो भवति द्विजानाम् ॥ १.८३.३ ॥
You said, O king, that he who is advanced in years is called superior. But he who is fully advanced in learning and austerity alone is worthy of honour among the twice-born.
1.83.4
प्रतिकूलं कर्मणां पापमाहु-
स्तद्वर्ततेऽप्रवणे पापलोक्यम्।
सन्तोऽसतां नानुवर्तन्ति चैत-
द्यथा चैषामनुकूलास्तथाऽऽसन् ॥ १.८३.४ ॥
That which is contrary to right action they call sin; it proceeds toward the unwise and leads to the world of sin. The good do not follow the wicked, just as these were agreeable to the good.
1.83.5
अभूद्धनं मे विपुलं गतं त-
द्विचेष्टमानो नाधिगन्ता तदस्मि।
एवं प्रधार्यात्महिते निविष्टो ।
यो वर्तते स विजानाति जीवः ॥ १.८३.५ ॥
I had abundant wealth, and it is gone. Striving as I do, I am not the one who will regain it. He who, having thus considered his own welfare, lives with that in view—he alone understands what it is to be a living being.
1.83.6
महाधनो यो यजते सुयज्ञै-
र्यः सर्वविद्यासु विनीतबुद्धिः।
वेदानधीत्य तपसा योज्य देहं ।
दिवं स यायात्पुरुषो वीतमोहः ॥ १.८३.६ ॥
He who, rich in wealth, sacrifices with good sacrifices, who is of humble intellect in all branches of learning, who, having studied the Vedas, yokes his body by austerity — that man, free from delusion, should go to heaven.
1.83.7
दिष्टं बलीय इति मत्वाऽऽत्मबुद्ध्या ॥ १.८३.७ ॥
Considering fate to be stronger, by his own understanding.
1.83.8
सुखं हि जन्तुर्यदि वाऽपि दुःखं ।
दैवाधीनं विन्दते नात्मशक्त्या।
तस्माद्दिष्टं बलवन्मन्यमानो ।
न संज्वरेन्नापि हृष्येत्कथंचित् ॥ १.८३.८ ॥
A living being obtains happiness or suffering dependent on fate, not by his own power. Therefore, considering fate to be strong, he should neither grieve nor rejoice in any way.
1.83.9
दुःखैर्न तप्येन्न सुखैः प्रहृष्ये-
त्समेन वर्तेत सदैव धीरः।
दिष्टं बलीय इति मन्यमानो ।
न संज्वरेन्नापि हृष्येत्कथंचित् ॥ १.८३.९ ॥
The steady man should not be tormented by sufferings, nor overjoyed by pleasures, but should always conduct himself with an even mind. Considering fate to be stronger, he should neither grieve nor rejoice in any way.
1.83.10
भये न मुह्याम्यष्टकाहं कदाचि-
त्सन्तापो मे मानसो नास्ति कश्चित्।
धाता यथा मां विदधीत लोके ।
ध्रुवं तथाऽहं भवितेति मत्वा ॥ १.८३.१० ॥
O Aṣṭaka, I am never bewildered by fear, and no mental torment is mine. Thinking, 'As the Creator shapes me in this world, so surely shall I be.'
1.83.11
संस्वेदजा अण्डजाश्चोद्भिदश्च ।
सरीसृपाः कृमयोऽथाप्सु मत्स्याः।
तथाश्मनस्तृणकाष्ठं च सर्वे ।
दिष्टक्षये स्वां प्रकृतिं भजन्ति ॥ १.८३.११ ॥
Those born of moisture, those born of eggs, those that sprout from the earth, creeping things, worms, fish in the waters, and likewise stones, grass and wood: all, when their appointed time is spent, return to their own nature.
1.83.12
अनित्यतां सुखदुःस्वस्य बुद्ध्वा ।
कस्मात्संतापमष्टकाहं भजेयम्।
किं कुर्यां वै किं च कृत्वा न तप्ये ।
तस्मात्सन्तापं वर्जयाम्यप्रमत्तः ॥ १.८३.१२ ॥
Knowing that happiness and suffering are impermanent, why should I, O Aṣṭaka, fall into distress? What should I do, or what having done should I not grieve? Therefore, heedful, I abandon distress.
1.83.13
एवं व्रुवाणं नृपतिं ययाति-
मथाष्टकः पुनरेवान्वपृच्छत्।
मातामहं सर्वगुणोपपन्नं ।
तत्रस्थितं स्वर्गलोके यथावत् ॥ १.८३.१३ ॥
So speaking, Aṣṭaka asked again of King Yayāti, his maternal grandfather endowed with every virtue, who dwelt there in the heavenly world, and asked him duly.
1.83.14
ये ये लोकाः पार्थिवेन्द्रप्रधाना-
स्त्वया भुक्ता यं च कालं यथावत्।
तान्मे राजन्ब्रूहि सर्वान्यथाव-
त्क्षेत्रज्ञवद्भाषसे त्वं हि धर्मान् ॥ १.८३.१४ ॥
O king, foremost of the lords of earth, tell me all the worlds you have duly enjoyed, and for how long you enjoyed them; for you speak of dharma like one who knows the field.
1.83.15
राजाऽहमासमिह सार्वभौम-
स्ततो लोकान्महतश्चाजयं वै।
तत्रावसं वर्षसहस्रमात्रं ।
ततो लोकं परमस्म्यभ्युपेतः ॥ १.८३.१५ ॥
I was a sovereign king here; then I conquered great worlds and dwelt there only a thousand years; then I came to the supreme world.
1.83.16
ततः पुरीं पुरुहूतस्य रम्यां ।
सहस्रद्वारां शतयोजनायताम्।
अध्यावसं वर्षसहस्रमात्रं ।
ततो लोकं परमस्म्यभ्युपेतः ॥ १.८३.१६ ॥
Then I dwelt in the lovely city of Puruhūta (Indra), with a thousand gates and extending a hundred yojanas, for a mere thousand years; then I came to the supreme world.
1.83.17
ततो दिव्यमजरं प्राप्य लोकं ।
प्रजापतेर्लोकपतेर्दुरापम्।
तत्रावसं वर्षसहस्रमात्रं ।
ततो लोकं परमस्म्यभ्युपेतः ॥ १.८३.१७ ॥
Then, having attained the divine, undecaying world of Prajāpati, lord of worlds, hard to reach, I dwelt there a mere thousand years; then I came to the supreme world.
1.83.18
स देवदेवस्य निवेशने च ।
विहृत्य लोकानवसं यथेष्टम्।
संपूज्यमानस्त्रिदशैः समस्तै-
स्तुल्यप्रभावद्युतिरीश्वराणाम् ॥ १.८३.१८ ॥
In the abode of the god of gods, roaming the worlds as I wished, I dwelt, honored by all the gods, of power and splendor equal to the lords.
1.83.19
तथाऽऽवसं नन्दने कामरूपी ।
संवत्सराणामयुतं शतानाम्।
सहाप्सरोभिर्विहरन्पुण्यगन्धा-
न्पश्यन्नगान्पुष्पितांश्चारुरूपान् ॥ १.८३.१९ ॥
Likewise, able to take any form, I dwelt in Nandana, sporting with the apsarases, gazing at fragrant, flowering trees of lovely form, for ten thousand hundreds of years.
1.83.20
तत्र स्थितं मां देव सुखेषु सक्तं ।
कालेऽतीते महति ततोऽतिमात्रम्।
दूतो देवानामब्रवीदुग्ररूपो ।
ध्वंसेत्युच्चैस्त्रिः प्लुतेन स्वरेण ॥ १.८३.२० ॥
While I dwelt there, attached to pleasures, O god, after a great time had passed, a messenger of fierce form, speaking for the gods, called out to me three times in a loud voice: "Fall!"
1.83.21
एतावन्मे विदितं राजसिंह ।
ततो भ्रष्टोऽहं नन्दनात्क्षीणपुण्यः।
वाचोऽश्रौषं चान्तरिक्षे सुराणां ।
सानुक्रोंशाः शोचतां मां नरेन्द्र ॥ १.८३.२१ ॥
O lion among kings, this much is known to me. Then, fallen from Nandana, my merit exhausted, I heard voices in the sky, full of compassion, of the gods lamenting for me, O lord of men.
1.83.22
अहो कष्टं क्षीणपुण्यो ययातिः ।
पतत्यसौ पुण्यकृत्पुण्यकीर्तिः।
तानब्रुवं पतमानस्ततोऽहं ।
सतां मध्ये निपतेयं कथं नु ॥ १.८३.२२ ॥
Alas, what sorrow! Yayāti, the doer of merit, of meritorious fame, falls, his merit exhausted. Then, falling, I said to them: "How can I fall among the good?"
1.83.23
तैराख्याता भवतां यज्ञभूमिः ।
समीक्ष्य चेमां त्वरितमुपागतोऽस्मि।
हविर्गन्धं देशिकं यज्ञभूमे-
र्धूमापाङ्गं प्रतिगृह्य प्रतीतः ॥ १.८३.२३ ॥
They described your sacrificial ground to me, and having seen it, I came here quickly. Receiving the direction of the sacrificial ground, fragrant with oblations, its edge marked by smoke, I was glad.