Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 11.4
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11.4.1
कथं संसारगहनं विज्ञेयं वदतां वर ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं तत्त्वमाख्याहि पृच्छतः ॥ ११.४.१ ॥
O best of speakers, how is the dense forest of worldly existence to be understood? I wish to hear this; tell me its truth, as I ask.
11.4.2
जन्मप्रभृति भूतानां क्रियाः सर्वास्तु लक्षयन् ।
पूर्वमेवेह कलिले वसते किञ्चिदन्तरम् ॥ ११.४.२ ॥
Observing all the deeds of beings from birth onward, here, in the mire, one first dwells for some interval.
11.4.3
ततः स पञ्चमेऽतीते मासे मांसमकल्पयत् ।
ततः सर्वाङ्गसम्पूर्णो गर्भो मासे तु जायते ॥ ११.४.३ ॥
Then, when the fifth month has passed, it shapes flesh; then, in the month, the embryo, complete in all its limbs, comes into being.
11.4.4
अमेध्यमध्ये वसति मांसशोणितलेपने ।
ततस्तु वायुवेगेन ऊर्ध्वपादो ह्यधोमुखः ॥ ११.४.४ ॥
He dwells amid impurity, smeared with flesh and blood; then, by the force of the wind, with feet upward and face downward.
11.4.5
योनिद्वारमुपागम्य बहून्क्लेशान्समृच्छति ।
योनिसंपीडनाच्चैव पूर्वकर्मभिरन्वितः ॥ ११.४.५ ॥
Having reached the gate of the womb, he undergoes many pains, both from the squeezing of the womb and, indeed, being bound to former deeds.
11.4.6
तस्मान्मुक्तः स संसारादन्यान्पश्यत्युपद्रवान् ।
ग्रहास्तमनुच्छन्ति सारमेया इवामिषम् ॥ ११.४.६ ॥
Therefore, though freed from worldly existence, he sees other calamities; the seizing planets pursue him, as dogs pursue meat.
11.4.7
ततः कालान्तरे प्राप्ते व्याधयश्चापि तं तथा ।
उपसर्पन्ति जीवन्तं बध्यमानं स्वकर्मभिः ॥ ११.४.७ ॥
Then, in the course of time, diseases also approach him as he lives, bound by his own deeds.
11.4.8
बद्धमिन्द्रियपाशैस्तं सङ्गकामुकमातुरम् ।
व्यसनान्यनुवर्तन्ते विविधानि नराधिप ॥ ११.४.८ ॥
Bound by the nooses of the senses, desiring attachment and afflicted, various calamities follow him, O lord of men.
11.4.9
बाध्यमानश्च तैर्भूयो नैव तृप्तिमुपैति सः ।
तदा नावैति चैवायं प्रकुर्वन्साध्वसाधु वा ॥ ११.४.९ ॥
Though tormented again and again by them, he never attains satisfaction; and then he does not even understand whether he is doing good or evil.
11.4.10
तत्रैनं परिपश्यन्ति ये ध्यानपरिनिष्ठिताः ।
अयं न बुध्यते तावद्यमलोकादिहागमे ॥ ११.४.१० ॥
There, those firmly established in meditation see him; he does not yet realize that he has come here from the world of Yama.
11.4.11
यमदूतैर्विकृष्यंश्च मृत्युं कालेन गच्छति ।
वाग्घीनस्य च या मात्रा इष्टानिष्टकृताऽस्य वै।
भूय एवात्मनाऽऽत्मानं बध्यमानमुपैति सः ॥ ११.४.११ ॥
Dragged along by the messengers of Yama, he goes to death when time comes. For the one without speech, the measure produced by pleasant and unpleasant things is indeed this; binding himself again and again by his own self, he reaches that same condition once more.
11.4.12
अहो विनिकृतो लोको लोभेन च वशीकृतः ।
लोभक्रोधमदोन्मत्तो नात्मानमवबुध्यते ॥ ११.४.१२ ॥
Alas, the world is afflicted and subdued by greed! Maddened by greed, anger and pride, it does not perceive itself.
11.4.13
कुलीनत्वे च रमते दुष्कुलीनान्विकुत्सयन् ।
धनदर्पेण दृप्तश्च दरिद्रान्परिकुत्सयन् ॥ ११.४.१३ ॥
Delighting in high birth, despising those of low birth, arrogant with the pride of wealth, he reviles even the poor.
11.4.14
मूर्खानिति परानाह नात्मानं समवेक्षते ।
दोषान्क्षिपति चान्येषां नात्मानं शास्तुमिच्छति ॥ ११.४.१४ ॥
He calls others fools, but does not look at himself; he hurls faults at others, yet does not wish to correct himself.
11.4.15
यदा प्राज्ञाश्च मूर्खाश्च धनवन्तश्च निर्धनाः ।
कुलीनाश्चाकुलीनाश्च मानिनोऽथाप्यमानिनः ॥ ११.४.१५ ॥
When the wise and the foolish, the wealthy and the poor, the high-born and the low-born, the proud and the unproud—
11.4.16
सर्वे पितृवनं प्राप्ताः स्वपन्ति विगतत्वचः ।
निर्मांसैरस्थिभूयिष्ठैर्गात्रैः स्नायुनिबन्धनैः ॥ ११.४.१६ ॥
All, having reached the cremation ground, lie with their skin gone, their bodies fleshless, mostly bones, held together by sinews.
11.4.17
किं विशेषं प्रपश्यन्ति तत्र तेषां परे जनाः ।
येन प्रत्यवगच्छेयुः कुलरूपविशेषणम् ॥ ११.४.१७ ॥
What distinction do other people see there among them, by which they might recognize a difference of family and form?
11.4.18
यदा सर्वे समं न्यस्ताः स्वपन्ति धरणीतले ।
कस्मादन्योन्यमिच्छन्ति विप्रलब्धुमिहाबुधाः ॥ ११.४.१८ ॥
When all lie equally laid upon the surface of the earth, why do the unwise here wish to deceive one another?
11.4.19
प्रत्यक्षं च परोक्षं च यो निशम्य श्रुतिं त्विमाम् ।
अध्रुवे जीवलोकेऽस्मिन्यो धर्ममनुपालयन्।
जन्मप्रभृति वर्तेत प्राप्नुयात्परमां गतिम् ॥ ११.४.१९ ॥
He who, having heard this teaching, keeps dharma both in what is seen and in what is unseen, conducting himself so from birth in this unstable world of living beings, attains the supreme goal.
11.4.20
एवं सर्वं विदित्वा वै यस्तत्त्वमनुवर्तते ।
स प्रमोक्षयते चैव पन्थानं मनुजेश्वर ॥ ११.४.२० ॥
Having understood all this, he who follows the truth is liberated; O lord of men, he indeed finds the path.