Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.321
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12.321.1
साङ्ख्यज्ञानं मया प्रोक्तं योगज्ञानं निबोध मे ।
यथाश्रुतं यथादृष्टं तत्त्वेन नृपसत्तम ॥ १२.३२१.१ ॥
I have declared the knowledge of Sāṅkhya; now understand from me the knowledge of Yoga, as heard and as seen, in truth, best of kings.
12.321.2
नास्ति साङ्ख्यसमं ज्ञानं नास्ति योगसमं बलम् ।
तावुभावेकचर्यौ तावुभावनिधनौ स्मृतौ ॥ १२.३२१.२ ॥
There is no knowledge equal to Sāṅkhya, and no strength equal to Yoga. Those two have one path; both are remembered as imperishable.
12.321.3
पृथक्पृथक्प्रपश्यन्ति येऽप्यबुद्धिरता नराः ।
वयं तु राजन्पश्याम एकमेव तु निश्चयात् ॥ १२.३२१.३ ॥
Men who delight in folly see them separately; but we, O king, see them as one, with certainty.
12.321.4
यदेव योगाः पश्यन्ति तत्साङ्ख्यैरपि दृश्यते ।
एकं साङ्ख्यं च योगं च यः पश्यति स तत्त्ववित् ॥ १२.३२१.४ ॥
What the yogins see is seen also by the sāṅkhyas; whoever sees Sāṅkhya and Yoga as one, he is a knower of truth.
12.321.5
रुद्रप्रधानानपरान्विद्धि योगानरिंदम् ।
तेनैव चाथ देहेन विचरन्ति दिशो दश ॥ १२.३२१.५ ॥
Know the other yogas, whose chief is Rudra, O subduer of foes; with that very body they wander through the ten directions.
12.321.6
यावद्धि प्रलयस्तात सूक्ष्मेणाष्टगुणेन ह ।
योगेन लोकान्विचरन्सुखं संन्यस्य चानघ ॥ १२.३२१.६ ॥
Dear one, as long as there is dissolution, wandering the worlds happily by the subtle yoga of eight qualities, and then renouncing, O sinless one.
12.321.7
तावदेवाष्टगुणिनं योगप्राहुर्मनीषिणः ।
सूक्ष्ममष्टगुणं प्राहुर्नेतरं नृपसत्तम ॥ १२.३२१.७ ॥
Just so, the wise call yoga the one possessing eight qualities; O best of kings, they call the subtle the one of eight qualities, and not the other.
12.321.8
द्विगुणं योगत्यं तु योगानां प्राहुरुत्तमम् ।
सगुणं निर्गुणं चैव यथाशास्त्रनिदर्शनम् ॥ १२.३२१.८ ॥
Among the yogas, they call the twofold state of yoga the supreme one — with qualities and without qualities, as the scriptures teach.
12.321.9
धारणं चैव मनसः प्राणायामश्च पार्थिव ।
एकाग्रता च मनसः प्राणायामस्तथैव च ॥ १२.३२१.९ ॥
Holding the mind, O king, and breath control; and the one-pointedness of the mind, and likewise breath control.
12.321.10
प्राणायामो हि सगुणो निर्गुणं धारयेन्मनः ।
यद्यदृश्यति मुञ्चन्वै प्राणान्मैथिलसत्तम।
वाताधिक्यं भवत्येव तस्मात्तं न समाचरेत् ॥ १२.३२१.१० ॥
Breath control has qualities; one should hold the mind without qualities. O best of the Maithilas, whatever is seen, while releasing the breaths, indeed an excess of wind arises; therefore one should not practise it.
12.321.11
निशायाः प्रथमे यामे चोदना द्वादश स्मृताः ।
मध्ये स्वप्नात्परे यामे द्वादशैव तु चोदनाः ॥ १२.३२१.११ ॥
In the first watch of the night twelve impulses are remembered; in the middle of sleep and in the later watch too, there are indeed twelve impulses.
12.321.12
तदेवमुपशान्तेन दान्तेनैकान्तशीलिना ।
आत्मारामेण बुद्धेन योक्तव्योऽऽत्मा न संशयः ॥ १२.३२१.१२ ॥
Thus, by one who is calm, self-controlled, of solitary habit, delighting in the self, and awakened, the self should be yoked — there is no doubt.
12.321.13
पञ्चानामिन्द्रियाणां तु दोषानाक्षिप्य पञ्चधा ।
शब्दं रूपं तथा स्पर्शं रसं गन्धं तथैव च ॥ १२.३२१.१३ ॥
Having cast off the faults of the five senses in five ways — sound, form, touch, taste, and smell as well.
12.321.14
प्रतिभामपवर्गं च प्रतिसंहृत्य मैथिल ।
इन्द्रियग्राममखिलं मनस्यभिनिवेश्य ह ॥ १२.३२१.१४ ॥
O Maithila, having also withdrawn intuition and release, and having fixed the whole host of senses in the mind.
12.321.15
मनस्तथैवाहंकारे प्रतिष्ठाप्य नराधिप ।
अहंकारं तथा बुद्धौ बुद्धिं च प्रकृतावपि ॥ १२.३२१.१५ ॥
O lord of men, likewise establishing the mind in the ego-sense, the ego-sense in intellect, and the intellect in primal nature.
12.321.16
एवं हि परिसंख्याय ततो ध्यायन्ति केवलम् ।
विरजस्कमलं नित्यमनन्तं शुद्धमव्रणम् ॥ १२.३२१.१६ ॥
Having thus fully reckoned it, they then meditate solely upon that which is stainless, eternal, infinite, pure and unwounded.
12.321.17
तस्थुषं पुरुषं नित्यमभेद्यमजरामरम् ।
शाश्वतं चाव्ययं चैव ईशानं ब्रह्म चाख्यम् ॥ १२.३२१.१७ ॥
The abiding Person — eternal, indivisible, ageless and undying, everlasting and imperishable, the lord called Brahman.
12.321.18
युक्तस्य तु महाराज लक्षणान्युपधारम् ।
लक्षणं तु प्रसादस्य यथा तृप्तः सुखं स्वयेत् ॥ १२.३२१.१८ ॥
O great king, take note of the marks of one who is absorbed in yoga. The sign of serenity is this: as one who is satisfied rests in happiness.
12.321.19
निर्वाते तु यथा दीपो ज्वलेत्स्नेहस…धतः ।
निश्चलोर्ध्वशिखस्तद्वद्युक्तमाहुर्मनीषिण ॥ १२.३२१.१९ ॥
As a lamp fed with oil burns in a windless place, its flame rising upright and unmoving, so the wise call the yogin who is steadfast.
12.321.20
पाषाण इव मेघोत्थैर्यथा बिन्दुभिराहतः ।
नालं चालयितुं शक्यस्तथा युक्तस्य लक्षणम् ॥ १२.३२१.२० ॥
Like a rock struck by drops falling from the clouds, which cannot be shaken, so is the mark of the yogin who is steadfast.
12.321.21
शक्तदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैर्विधिधैर्गीतवादितैः ।
क्रियमाणैर्न कम्पेत युक्तस्यैतन्निदर्शनम् ॥ १२.३२१.२१ ॥
Though drums thunder and songs and instruments of many kinds are played, he does not tremble; this is the proof of the yogin who is steadfast.
12.321.22
तैलपात्रं यथा पूर्णं कराभ्यां गृह्य पूरुषः ।
सोपानमारुहेद्भीतस्तर्ज्यमानोऽसिषणिभिः ॥ १२.३२१.२२ ॥
As a man, holding a vessel full of oil in both hands, climbs a staircase in fear while threatened with swords and spears,
12.321.23
संयतात्मा भयात्तेषां न पात्राद्बिन्दुमुत्सृजेत् ।
तथैवोत्तरमागम्य एकाग्रमनसस्तथा ॥ १२.३२१.२३ ॥
The self-restrained man, out of fear of them, lets not a single drop fall from the vessel; so too, having reached the top, one of one-pointed mind.
12.321.24
स्थिरत्वादिन्द्रियाणां तु निश्चलस्तथैव च ।
एवं युक्तस्य तु मुनेर्लक्षणान्युपल… ॥ १२.३२१.२४ ॥
Through the steadiness of the senses he remains unmoving; thus the marks of the yogin-sage who is steadfast are to be recognised.
12.321.25
स्वयुक्तः पश्यते ब्रह्म यत्तत्परम…यम् ।
महतस्तमसो मध्ये स्थितं ज्व नसा…भम् ॥ १२.३२१.२५ ॥
The one who has yoked himself sees that supreme Brahman, which is … , situated in the midst of great darkness, shining like fire.
12.321.26
एतेन केवलं याति त्यक्त्वा देहमसाक्षिकम् ।
कालेन महता राजञ्श्रुतिरेषा सनातनी ॥ १२.३२१.२६ ॥
By this alone he goes, having abandoned the body without being a mere witness; O king, after a great time this Śruti is eternal.
12.321.27
एतद्धि योगं योगानां किमन्यद्योगलक्षणम् ।
विज्ञाय तद्धि मन्यन्ते कृतकृत्या मनीषिणः ॥ १२.३२१.२७ ॥
This indeed is the yoga of yogas; what other mark of yoga could there be? Having known it, the wise who have accomplished their task regard it as such.