Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.134
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13.134.1
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य धर्मात्मन्धर्माः प्रोक्ता यथा त्वया ।
तथैव मे श्राद्धविधिं कृत्स्नं प्रब्रूहि पार्थिव ॥ १३.१३४.१ ॥
O righteous-souled one, just as you have declared the duties of the four social orders, so too explain to me the entire rite of śrāddha, O king.
13.134.2
युधिष्ठिरेणैवमुक्तो भीष्मः शान्तनवस्तदा ।
इमं श्राद्धविधिं कृत्स्नं वक्तुं समुपचक्रमे ॥ १३.१३४.२ ॥
Thus addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīṣma, son of Śantanu, then began to speak this entire rite of śrāddha.
13.134.3
शृणुष्वावहितो राजञ्श्राद्धकर्मविधिं शुभम् ।
धन्यं यशस्यं पुत्रीयं पितृयज्ञं परन्तप ॥ १३.१३४.३ ॥
Listen attentively, O king, to this auspicious rule of the śrāddha rite, which brings wealth, fame and sons; it is the sacrifice to the ancestors, O scorcher of foes.
13.134.4
देवासुरमनुष्याणां गन्धर्वोरगरक्षसाम् ।
पिशाचकिन्नराणां च पूज्या वै पितरः सदा ॥ १३.१३४.४ ॥
Among gods, demons and humans, among gandharvas, serpents and rākṣasas, and among piśācas and kinnaras, the ancestors are always worthy of worship.
13.134.5
पितॄन्पूज्यादितः पश्चाद्देवतास्तर्पयन्ति वै ।
तस्मात्तान्सर्वयत्नेन पुरुषः पूजयेत्सदा ॥ १३.१३४.५ ॥
Having first honored the ancestors, then they gratify the gods; therefore a person should always honor them with every effort.
13.134.6
अन्वाहार्यं महाराज पितॄणां श्राद्धमुच्यते ।
तस्माद्विशेषविधिना विधिः प्रथमकल्पितः ॥ १३.१३४.६ ॥
O great king, the offering made for the ancestors after the daily rite is called śrāddha; therefore this rule was first prescribed by a special method.
13.134.7
सर्वेष्वहःसु प्रीयन्ते कृते श्राद्धे पितामहाः ।
पिण्डान्वाहार्यकं श्राद्धं कुर्यान्मासानुमासिकम्।
पितृयज्ञं तु निर्वर्त्य विप्रश्चन्द्रक्षयेऽग्निमान् ॥ १३.१३४.७ ॥
When the shraddha is performed on all days, the forefathers are pleased. The piṇḍa-anvāhārya shraddha should be performed month after month. Having completed the offering to the fathers, a brahmin who keeps the sacred fire (should do this) at the waning of the moon.
13.134.8
पिण्डानां मासिकश्राद्धमन्वाहार्यं विदुर्बुधाः ।
तदामिषेण कुर्वीत प्रयतः प्राञ्जलिः शुचिः ॥ १३.१३४.८ ॥
The wise call the monthly shraddha with piṇḍas the anvāhārya. It should be performed with meat, with self-control, palms joined, and pure.
13.134.9
प्रवक्ष्यामि तु ते सर्वांस्तिथ्यांतिथ्यां दिने गुणान् ।
येष्वहःसु कृतैः श्राद्धैर्यत्फलं प्राप्यतेऽनघ।
तत्सर्वं कीर्तयिष्यामि यथावत्तन्निबोध मे ॥ १३.१३४.९ ॥
O sinless one, I will tell you the merits of all the days, by lunar day and its divisions. The fruit obtained by shraddha rites performed on these days, I will recount exactly as it is; hear it from me.
13.134.10
पितॄनर्च्य प्रतिपदि प्राप्नुयात्स्वगृहे स्त्रियः ।
अभिरूपप्रजायिन्यो दर्शनीया बहुप्रजाः ॥ १३.१३४.१० ॥
Having worshipped the forefathers on the first lunar day, a man obtains at home wives who bear comely children, are pleasing to behold, and have many offspring.
13.134.11
स्त्रियो द्वितीयां जायन्ते तृतीयायां तु वाजिनः ।
चतुर्थ्यां क्षुद्रपशवो भवन्ति बहवो गृहे ॥ १३.१३४.११ ॥
On the second lunar day, wives are obtained; on the third, horses. On the fourth, small livestock become many in the house.
13.134.12
पञ्चम्यां बहवः पुत्रा जायन्ते कुर्वतां नृप ।
कुर्वाणास्तु नराः षष्ठ्यां भवन्ति द्युतिभागिनः ॥ १३.१३४.१२ ॥
O king, for those who perform the rite on the fifth day, many sons are born; men who perform it on the sixth day become sharers in splendour.
13.134.13
कृषिभागी भवेच्छ्राद्धं कुर्वाणः सप्तमीं नृप ।
अष्टम्यां तु प्रकुर्वाणो वाणिज्ये लाभमाप्नुयात् ॥ १३.१३४.१३ ॥
O king, one who performs the shraddha on the seventh day becomes a sharer in agriculture; but one who performs it on the eighth day obtains gain in trade.
13.134.14
नवम्यां कुर्वतः श्राद्धं भवत्येकशफं बहु ।
विवर्धन्ते तु दशमीं गावः श्राद्धानि कुर्वतः ॥ १३.१३४.१४ ॥
For one who performs the shraddha on the ninth day there come to be many solid-hoofed animals; and the cattle of one who performs the rites on the tenth day increase.
13.134.15
कुप्यभागी भवेन्मर्त्यः कुर्वन्नेकादशीं नृप ।
ब्रह्मवर्चस्विनः पुत्रा जायन्ते तस्य वेश्मनि ॥ १३.१३४.१५ ॥
O king, the mortal who performs the rite on the eleventh day becomes a sharer in goods, and radiant sons with Brahminical splendour are born in his house.
13.134.16
द्वादश्यामीहमानस्य नित्यमेव प्रदृश्यते ।
रजतं बहुवित्तं च सुवर्णं च मनोरमम् ॥ १३.१३४.१६ ॥
For one who strives on the twelfth day, silver, abundant wealth and delightful gold are always seen.
13.134.17
ज्ञातीनां तु भवेच्छ्रेष्ठः कुर्वञ्श्राद्धं त्रयोदशीम् ॥ १३.१३४.१७ ॥
He who performs the shraddha on the thirteenth day becomes the foremost among his kinsmen.
13.134.18
अवश्यं तु युवानोऽस्य प्रमीयन्ते नरा गृहे ।
युद्धभागी भवेन्मर्त्यः कुर्वञ्श्राद्धं चतुर्दशीम् ॥ १३.१३४.१८ ॥
Surely young men in this house die. A mortal who performs the śrāddha on the fourteenth day becomes a sharer in battle.
13.134.19
अमावास्यां तु निवपन्सर्वकामानवाप्नुयात् ॥ १३.१३४.१९ ॥
Offering on the new-moon day, one obtains all desires.
13.134.20
कृष्णपक्षे दशम्यादौ वर्जयित्वा चतुर्दशीम् ।
श्राद्धकर्मणि तिथ्यस्तु प्रशस्ता न तथेतराः ॥ १३.१३४.२० ॥
In the dark fortnight, beginning with the tenth day and excluding the fourteenth, the lunar days are praised for the śrāddha rite; the others are not so.
13.134.21
यथा चैवापरः पक्षः पूर्वपक्षाद्विशिष्यते ।
तथा श्राद्धस्य पूर्वाह्णादपराह्णो विशिष्यते ॥ १३.१३४.२१ ॥
Just as the later fortnight is superior to the earlier fortnight, so in the śrāddha the afternoon is superior to the forenoon.