Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.154
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13.154.1
गार्हस्थ्यं धर्ममखिलं प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ ।
ऋद्धिमाप्नोति किं कृत्वा मनुष्य इह पार्थिव ॥ १३.१५४.१ ॥
O bull of the Bharatas, tell me the whole duty of the householder. By doing what does a man attain prosperity in this world, O king?
13.154.2
अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि पुरावृत्तं जनाधिप ।
वासुदेवस्य संवादं पृथिव्याश्चैव भारत ॥ १३.१५४.२ ॥
O lord of men, on this matter I shall relate to you an ancient event: the dialogue of Vāsudeva and the Earth, O Bhārata.
13.154.3
संस्तुत्य पृथिवीं देवीं वासुदेवः प्रतापवान् ।
पप्रच्छ भरतश्रेष्ठ मां त्वं यत्पृच्छसेऽद्य वै ॥ १३.१५४.३ ॥
Having praised the goddess Earth, the mighty Vāsudeva asked — O best of the Bharatas, the very thing you ask me today.
13.154.4
गार्हस्थ्यं धर्ममाश्रित्य मया वा मद्विधेन वा ।
किमवश्यं धरे कार्यं किं वा कृत्वा सुखं भवेत् ॥ १३.१५४.४ ॥
Following the householder's duty, what must a man like me, or anyone, necessarily do, O Earth, bearer of all, or by doing what would there be happiness?
13.154.5
ऋषयः पितरो देवा मनुष्याश्चैव माधव ।
पूज्याश्चैवार्चनीयाश्च यथा चैव निबोध मे ॥ १३.१५४.५ ॥
O Mādhava, sages, ancestors, gods and humans — these are to be honoured and to be worshipped; hear from me how it is.
13.154.6
सदा यज्ञेन देवांश्च सदाऽऽतिथ्येन मानुषान् ।
छन्दतस्तर्पणेनापि पितॄन्युञ्जन्ति नित्यशः ॥ १३.१५४.६ ॥
Always through sacrifice they please the gods, always through hospitality they please humans, and through libations as they wish they also serve the ancestors, day after day.
13.154.7
तेन ह्यृषिगणाः प्रीता ब्रह्मचयेणि चानघ ।
नित्यमग्निं परिचरेदभुक्त्वा बलिकर्म च ॥ १३.१५४.७ ॥
By that, O sinless one, and by celibate discipline, the groups of sages are pleased. One should always attend upon the fire, and perform the offering of oblations without eating.
13.154.8
कुर्यात्तथैव देवान्वै प्रियं मे मधुसूदन ।
कुर्यादहरहः श्राद्धमन्नाद्येनोदकेन च ॥ १३.१५४.८ ॥
In the same way one should also do it for the gods; it is dear to me, O Madhusūdana. One should perform the śrāddha day by day, with food and the like, and with water.
13.154.9
पयोमूलफलैर्वाऽपि पितॄणां प्रीतिमावहेत् ।
सिद्धान्नाद्वैश्वदेवं वै कुर्यादग्नौ यथाविधि ॥ १३.१५४.९ ॥
One should bring gladness to the ancestors even with milk, roots and fruits. One should perform the Vaiśvadeva with cooked food in the fire, according to rule.
13.154.10
आग्नीषोमं वैश्वदेवं धान्वन्तर्यमनन्तरम् ।
प्रजानां पतये चैव पृथग्घोमो विधीयते ॥ १३.१५४.१० ॥
The Agnīṣoma, then the Vaiśvadeva, and after that Dhanvantari; and for the lord of creatures a separate oblation is prescribed.
13.154.11
तथैव चानुपूर्व्येण बलिकर्म प्रयोजयेत् ।
दक्षिणायां यमायेति प्रतीच्यां वरुणाय च ॥ १३.१५४.११ ॥
In the same way, in due order, one should perform the offering rite: to the south, saying 'to Yama', and to the west, to Varuṇa.
13.154.12
सोमाय चाप्युदीच्यां वै वास्तुमध्ये प्रजापतेः ।
धन्वन्तरेः प्रागुदीच्यां प्राच्यां शक्राय माधव ॥ १३.१५४.१२ ॥
And to Soma in the north; in the middle of the dwelling site to Prajāpati; to Dhanvantari in the north-east; and to Śakra (Indra) in the east, O Mādhava.
13.154.13
मनुष्येभ्य इति प्राहुर्बलिं द्वारि गृहस्य वै ।
मरुद्भ्यो दैवतेभ्यश्च बलिमन्तर्गृहे हरेत् ॥ १३.१५४.१३ ॥
They say that the offering for humans is to be placed at the house door; for the Maruts and the gods, the offering should be made inside the house.
13.154.14
तथैव विश्वेदेवेभ्यो बलिमाकाशतो हरेत् ।
निशाचरेभ्यो भूतेभ्यो बलिं नक्तं यथा हरेत् ॥ १३.१५४.१४ ॥
Likewise, the offering for the Viśvedevas should be made toward the sky; and at night the offering should be made to the night-wanderers and the spirits, as is proper.
13.154.15
एवं कृत्वा बलिं सम्यग्दद्याद्भिक्षां द्विजाय वै ।
अलाभे ब्राह्मणस्याग्नावग्रमुद्धृत्य निक्षिपेत् ॥ १३.१५४.१५ ॥
Having made the offering properly in this way, one should give alms to a twice-born man. If no brahmin is available, one should take the first portion and cast it into the fire.
13.154.16
यदा श्राद्धं पितृभ्योपि दातुमिच्छेत मानवः ।
तदा पश्चात्प्रकुर्वीत निवृत्ते श्राद्धकर्मणि ॥ १३.१५४.१६ ॥
When a man wishes to offer the śrāddha to the ancestors, he should perform it afterward, once the śrāddha rite is finished.
13.154.17
पितॄन्सन्तर्पयित्वा तु बलिं कुर्याद्विधानतः ।
वेश्वदैवं ततः कुर्यात्पश्चाद्ब्राह्म्णभोजनम् ॥ १३.१५४.१७ ॥
Having satisfied the ancestors, one should make the offering according to rule; then one should perform the Viśvadeva rite, and afterward feed the brahmins.
13.154.18
ततोऽन्नेनावशेषेण भोजयेदतिथीनपि ।
अर्घ्यपूर्वं महाराज ततः प्रीणाति मानवान्।
अनित्यं हि स्थितो यस्मात्तस्मादतिथिरुच्यते ॥ १३.१५४.१८ ॥
Then, with the remaining food, one should feed the guests as well, beginning with the arghya offering, O great king; thus one pleases people. Because he comes without a fixed time, he is called a guest (atithi).
13.154.19
आचार्यस्य पितुश्चैव सख्युराप्तस्य चातिथेः ।
इदमस्ति गृहे मह्यमिति नित्यं निवेदयेत् ॥ १३.१५४.१९ ॥
To teacher, father, friend, trusted kinsman, and guest one should always declare: "This is in my house."
13.154.20
ते यद्वदेयुस्तत्कुर्यादिति धर्मो विधीयते ।
गृहस्थः पुरुषः कृष्ण शिष्टाशी च सदा भवेत् ॥ १३.१५४.२० ॥
What they say, one should do; thus duty is prescribed. O Kṛṣṇa, the householder should always be one who eats what remains after the virtuous have eaten.
13.154.21
राजर्त्विजं स्नातकं च गुरुं श्वशुरमेव च ।
अर्चयेन्मधुपर्केण परिसंवत्सरोषितान् ॥ १३.१५४.२१ ॥
A king, a sacrificial priest, a graduate of Vedic study, a teacher, a father-in-law, and those who have stayed a full year should be honoured with the madhuparka offering.
13.154.22
श्वभ्यश्च श्वपचेभ्यश्च वयोभ्यश्चावपेद्भुवि ॥ १३.१५४.२२ ॥
For dogs, for outcastes, and for birds one should scatter food upon the ground.
13.154.23
वैश्वदेवं हि नामैतत्सायं प्रातर्विधीयते ॥ १३.१५४.२३ ॥
This is indeed called the Vaiśvadeva; it is prescribed in the evening and in the morning.
13.154.24
एतांस्तु धर्मान्गार्हस्थ्यान्यः कुर्यादनसूयकः ।
स इहर्द्धिं परां प्राप्य प्रेत्य लोके महीयते ॥ १३.१५४.२४ ॥
He who, free from envy, performs these householder duties obtains supreme prosperity here, and after death is honoured in the world.
13.154.25
इति भूमेर्वचः श्रुत्वा वासुदेवः प्रतापवान् ।
तथा चकार सततं त्वमप्येवं सदाऽऽचर ॥ १३.१५४.२५ ॥
Having heard these words of the Earth, the mighty Vāsudeva constantly acted in just that way; you too should always act thus.
13.154.26
एतद्गृहस्थधर्मं त्वं चेष्टमानो जनाधिप ।
इह लोके यशः प्राप्य प्रेत्य स्वर्गमवाप्स्यसि ॥ १३.१५४.२६ ॥
O lord of men, practising this householder's duty, you will obtain fame in this world and, after death, attain heaven.