Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa · Sarga 2.21
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2.21.1
तथा तु विलपन्तीं तां कौसल्यां राममातरम्।
उवाच लक्ष्मणो दीनस्तत्कालसदृशं वचः ॥ २.२१.१ ॥
Thus lamenting, Kausalyā, Rāma's mother, was addressed by the grieving Lakṣmaṇa with words fitting the moment.
2.21.2
न रोचते ममाप्येतदार्ये यद् राघवो वनम्।
त्यक्त्वा राज्यश्रियं गच्छेत् स्त्रिया वाक्यवशंगतः ॥ २.२१.२ ॥
O noble lady, I too do not approve that Rāghava, abandoning the glory of kingship and subject to a woman's words, should go to the forest.
2.21.3
विपरीतश्च वृद्धश्च विषयैश्च प्रधर्षितः।
नृपः किमिव न ब्रूयाच्चोद्यमानः समन्मथः ॥ २.२१.३ ॥
A king of perverse mind, aged and overpowered by sense-pleasures, urged on by desire, what would he not say?
2.21.4
नास्यापराधं पश्यामि नापि दोषं तथाविधम्।
येन निर्वास्यते राष्ट्राद् वनवासाय राघवः ॥ २.२१.४ ॥
I see in him no fault, nor any such defect, for which Rāghava should be banished from the realm to the forest.
2.21.5
न तं पश्याम्यहं लोके परोक्षमपि यो नरः।
स्वमित्रोऽपि निरस्तोऽपि योऽस्य दोषमुदाहरेत् ॥ २.२१.५ ॥
In the world I see no man who, even in his absence, would speak of his fault—not even a friend of his, nor one who has been cast out.
2.21.6
देवकल्पमृजुं दान्तं रिपूणामपि वत्सलम्।
अवेक्षमाणः को धर्मं त्यजेत् पुत्रमकारणात् ॥ २.२१.६ ॥
Who, looking to dharma, would abandon without cause a son who is godlike, upright, self-controlled, and kind even to his enemies?
2.21.7
तदिदं वचनं राज्ञः पुनर्बाल्यमुपेयुषः।
पुत्रः को हृदये कुर्याद् राजवृत्तमनुस्मरन् ॥ २.२१.७ ॥
Who, a son mindful of royal conduct, would keep in his heart these words of the king, who has returned to a childlike state?
2.21.8
यावदेव न जानाति कश्चिदर्थमिमं नरः।
तावदेव मया सार्धमात्मस्थं कुरु शासनम् ॥ २.२१.८ ॥
As long as no man yet knows this matter, keep this command within yourself, together with me.
2.21.9
मया पार्श्वे सधनुषा तव गुप्तस्य राघव।
कः समर्थोऽधिकं कर्तुं कृतान्तस्येव तिष्ठतः ॥ २.२१.९ ॥
O Rāghava, standing at your side with my bow to guard you, who is able to do more than I, who stand like Death itself?
2.21.10
निर्मनुष्यामिमां सर्वामयोध्यां मनुजर्षभ।
करिष्यामि शरैस्तीक्ष्णैर्यदि स्थास्यति विप्रिये ॥ २.२१.१० ॥
O bull among men, if anyone stands in opposition, I will make all of Ayodhyā empty of men with sharp arrows.
2.21.11
भरतस्याथ पक्ष्यो वा यो वास्य हितमिच्छति।
सर्वांस्तांश्च वधिष्यामि मृदुर्हि परिभूयते ॥ २.२१.११ ॥
Whoever is a partisan of Bharata, or wishes his welfare, I will slay them all, for only the gentle man is trampled upon.
2.21.12
प्रोत्साहितोऽयं कैकेय्या संतुष्टो यदि नः पिता।
अमित्रभूतो निःसङ्गं वध्यतां वध्यतामपि ॥ २.२१.१२ ॥
If our father, incited by Kaikeyī and pleased with it, has become an enemy, let him too be slain, without attachment, let him be slain.
2.21.13
गुरोरप्यवलिप्तस्य कार्याकार्यमजानतः।
उत्पथं प्रतिपन्नस्य कार्यं भवति शासनम् ॥ २.२१.१३ ॥
Even when an elder, puffed up with pride and not knowing what should and should not be done, has strayed onto the wrong path, to restrain him is the duty.
2.21.14
बलमेष किमाश्रित्य हेतुं वा पुरुषोत्तम।
दातुमिच्छति कैकेय्यै उपस्थितमिदं तव ॥ २.२१.१४ ॥
O best of men, relying on what strength or what reason does he wish to give Kaikeyī this kingdom that is now yours?
2.21.15
त्वया चैव मया चैव कृत्वा वैरमनुत्तमम्।
कास्य शक्तिः श्रियं दातुं भरतायारिशासन ॥ २.२१.१५ ॥
O subduer of foes, having made the utmost enmity with you and with me, what power has he to give royal fortune to Bharata?
2.21.16
अनुरक्तोऽस्मि भावेन भ्रातरं देवि तत्त्वतः।
सत्येन धनुषा चैव दत्तेनेष्टेन ते शपे ॥ २.२१.१६ ॥
O lady, in truth I am devoted to my brother with all my heart; by truth, by my bow, and by what you have given and what is dear to you, I swear it.
2.21.17
दीप्तमग्निमरण्यं वा यदि रामः प्रवेक्ष्यति।
प्रविष्टं तत्र मां देवि त्वं पूर्वमवधारय ॥ २.२१.१७ ॥
O lady, if Rāma enters a blazing fire or the forest, know beforehand that I shall have entered there first.
2.21.18
हरामि वीर्याद् दुःखं ते तमः सूर्य इवोदितः।
देवी पश्यतु मे वीर्यं राघवश्चैव पश्यतु ॥ २.२१.१८ ॥
As the rising sun drives away darkness, so I shall remove your sorrow by my valor. O lady, let her see my valor, and let Rāghava see it too.
2.21.19
हनिष्ये पितरं वृद्धं कैकेय्यासक्तमानसम्।
कृपणं च स्थितं बाल्ये वृद्धभावेन गर्हितम् ॥ २.२१.१९ ॥
I will kill the aged father, whose mind is attached to Kaikeyī, who is pitiful, who behaves like a child, and who is despised for his old age.
2.21.20
एतत् तु वचनं श्रुत्वा लक्ष्मणस्य महात्मनः।
उवाच रामं कौसल्या रुदती शोकलालसा ॥ २.२१.२० ॥
Hearing these words of the great-souled Lakṣmaṇa, Kausalyā, weeping and consumed with grief, spoke to Rāma.
2.21.21
भ्रातुस्ते वदतः पुत्र लक्ष्मणस्य श्रुतं त्वया।
यदत्रानन्तरं तत्त्वं कुरुष्व यदि रोचते ॥ २.२१.२१ ॥
Son, you have heard what your brother Lakṣmaṇa said. Now do what you wish, if it pleases you.
2.21.22
न चाधर्म्यं वचः श्रुत्वा सपत्न्या मम भाषितम्।
विहाय शोकसंतप्तां गन्तुमर्हसि मामितः ॥ २.२१.२२ ॥
Even having heard the unrighteous words spoken by my co-wife, you should not go away from here, abandoning me, who am tormented by grief.
2.21.23
धर्मज्ञ इति धर्मिष्ठ धर्मं चरितुमिच्छसि।
शुश्रूष मामिहस्थस्त्वं चर धर्ममनुत्तमम् ॥ २.२१.२३ ॥
O knower of dharma, O most righteous one, you wish to practice dharma. Staying here, serve me, and practice the supreme dharma.
2.21.24
शुश्रूषुर्जननीं पुत्र स्वगृहे नियतो वसन्।
परेण तपसा युक्तः काश्यपस्त्रिदिवं गतः ॥ २.२१.२४ ॥
Son, dwelling self-restrained in his own home, serving his mother, and endowed with supreme austerity, Kāśyapa went to heaven.
2.21.25
यथैव राजा पूज्यस्ते गौरवेण तथा ह्यहम्।
त्वां साहं नानुजानामि न गन्तव्यमितो वनम् ॥ २.२१.२५ ॥
Just as the king is worthy of your reverence, so too am I in honour. I do not permit you; you must not go from here to the forest.
2.21.26
त्वद्वियोगान्न मे कार्यं जीवितेन सुखेन च।
त्वया सह मम श्रेयस्तृणानामपि भक्षणम् ॥ २.२१.२६ ॥
Without you I have no need of life or of pleasure. To be with you is better for me, even if it means eating grass.
2.21.27
यदि त्वं यास्यसि वनं त्यक्त्वा मां शोकलालसाम्।
अहं प्रायमिहासिष्ये न च शक्ष्यामि जीवितुम् ॥ २.२१.२७ ॥
If you go to the forest, abandoning me, who long in grief, then I will sit here in fast unto death, and I will not be able to live.
2.21.28
ततस्त्वं प्राप्स्यसे पुत्र निरयं लोकविश्रुतम्।
ब्रह्महत्यामिवाधर्मात् समुद्रः सरितां पतिः ॥ २.२१.२८ ॥
Then, my son, you will obtain the hell renowned in the world, as the ocean, lord of rivers, is said to bear the sin of brahmin-slaughter through unrighteousness.
2.21.29
विलपन्तीं तथा दीनां कौसल्यां जननीं ततः।
उवाच रामो धर्मात्मा वचनं धर्मसंहितम् ॥ २.२१.२९ ॥
Then Rāma, the righteous-souled one, spoke words in accord with dharma to his mother Kausalyā, who was thus lamenting, wretched.
2.21.30
नास्ति शक्तिः पितुर्वाक्यं समतिक्रमितुं मम।
प्रसादये त्वां शिरसा गन्तुमिच्छाम्यहं वनम् ॥ २.२१.३० ॥
I have no power to transgress my father's word. With bowed head I beseech you: I wish to go to the forest.
2.21.31
ऋषिणा च पितुर्वाक्यं कुर्वता वनचारिणा।
गौर्हता जानताधर्मं कण्डुना च विपश्चिता ॥ २.२१.३१ ॥
By the forest-dwelling sage who carried out his father's command, and by the wise Kaṇḍu, who knew dharma, a cow was slain.
2.21.32
अस्माकं तु कुले पूर्वं सगरस्याज्ञया पितुः।
खनद्भिः सागरैर्भूमिमवाप्तः सुमहान् वधः ॥ २.२१.३२ ॥
In our lineage, long ago, by the command of Sagara, the sons of Sagara, digging up the earth in obedience to their father's order, met a very great destruction.
2.21.33
जामदग्न्येन रामेण रेणुका जननी स्वयम्।
कृत्ता परशुनारण्ये पितुर्वचनकारणात् ॥ २.२१.३३ ॥
Rāma, son of Jamadagni, cut down his own mother Reṇukā with an axe in the forest, because of his father's word.
2.21.34
एतैरन्यैश्च बहुभिर्देवि देवसमैः कृतम्।
पितुर्वचनमक्लीबं करिष्यामि पितुर्हितम् ॥ २.२१.३४ ॥
O goddess, by these and by many others equal to gods, a father's word has been fulfilled; for my father's welfare I too shall fulfil his word unwaveringly.
2.21.35
न खल्वेतन्मयैकेन क्रियते पितृशासनम्।
एतैरपि कृतं देवि ये मया परिकीर्तिताः ॥ २.२१.३५ ॥
O goddess, it is not by me alone that a father's command is carried out; it has been done also by those whom I have named.
2.21.36
नाहं धर्ममपूर्वं ते प्रतिकूलं प्रवर्तये।
पूर्वैरयमभिप्रेतो गतो मार्गोऽनुगम्यते ॥ २.२१.३६ ॥
I do not set in motion for you a new and contrary dharma; I follow the path that our forefathers approved and walked.
2.21.37
तदेतत् तु मया कार्यं क्रियते भुवि नान्यथा।
पितुर्हि वचनं कुर्वन् न कश्चिन्नाम हीयते ॥ २.२१.३७ ॥
Therefore this must be done by me; on earth there is no other way. No one who carries out a father's command is diminished.
2.21.38
तामेवमुक्त्वा जननीं लक्ष्मणं पुनरब्रवीत्।
वाक्यं वाक्यविदां श्रेष्ठः श्रेष्ठः सर्वधनुष्मताम् ॥ २.२१.३८ ॥
Having spoken thus to his mother, Rāma, best of speakers and best of all archers, again spoke to Lakṣmaṇa.
2.21.39
तव लक्ष्मण जानामि मयि स्नेहमनुत्तमम्।
विक्रमं चैव सत्त्वं च तेजश्च सुदुरासदम् ॥ २.२१.३९ ॥
Lakṣmaṇa, I know your affection for me is supreme, and your prowess, courage and radiance are very hard to withstand.
2.21.40
मम मातुर्महद् दुःखमतुलं शुभलक्षण।
अभिप्रायं न विज्ञाय सत्यस्य च शमस्य च ॥ २.२१.४० ॥
O auspicious one, my mother's great and incomparable sorrow comes from not understanding my intention, nor truth and peace.
2.21.41
धर्मो हि परमो लोके धर्मे सत्यं प्रतिष्ठितम्।
धर्मसंश्रितमप्येतत् पितुर्वचनमुत्तमम् ॥ २.२१.४१ ॥
In the world dharma is supreme, and truth is established in dharma. This word of the father, resting on dharma, is also excellent.
2.21.42
संश्रुत्य च पितुर्वाक्यं मातुर्वा ब्राह्मणस्य वा।
न कर्तव्यं वृथा वीर धर्ममाश्रित्य तिष्ठता ॥ २.२१.४२ ॥
O hero, having pledged to a father's, mother's or brahmin's word, one who stands upon dharma should not make it vain.
2.21.43
सोऽहं न शक्ष्यामि पुनर्नियोगमतिवर्तितुम्।
पितुर्हि वचनाद् वीर कैकेय्याहं प्रचोदितः ॥ २.२१.४३ ॥
O heroic lady, urged by Kaikeyī at my father's word, I can no longer transgress this command.
2.21.44
तदेतां विसृजानार्यां क्षत्रधर्माश्रितां मतिम्।
धर्ममाश्रय मा तैक्ष्ण्यं मद्बुद्धिरनुगम्यताम् ॥ २.२१.४४ ॥
Therefore cast off this ignoble resolve resting on the warrior's duty; take refuge in dharma, do not be harsh, and follow my judgment.
2.21.45
तमेवमुक्त्वा सौहार्दाद् भ्रातरं लक्ष्मणाग्रजः।
उवाच भूयः कौसल्यां प्राञ्जलिः शिरसा नतः ॥ २.२१.४५ ॥
Having spoken thus to his brother out of affection, the elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa, with folded hands and head bowed, spoke again to Kausalyā.
2.21.46
अनुमन्यस्व मां देवि गमिष्यन्तमितो वनम्।
शापितासि मम प्राणैः कुरु स्वस्त्ययनानि मे ॥ २.२१.४६ ॥
Grant me leave, O queen, as I go from here to the forest. You are bound by oath on my life; perform rites of well-being for me.
2.21.47
तीर्णप्रतिज्ञश्च वनात् पुनरेष्याम्यहं पुरीम्।
ययातिरिव राजर्षिः पुरा हित्वा पुनर्दिवम् ॥ २.२१.४७ ॥
Having fulfilled my vow, I shall return again from the forest to the city, as the royal sage Yayāti once returned after leaving heaven.
2.21.48
शोकः संधार्यतां मातर्हृदये साधु मा शुचः।
वनवासादिहैष्यामि पुनः कृत्वा पितुर्वचः ॥ २.२१.४८ ॥
O mother, hold grief within your heart and do not grieve greatly. Having fulfilled my father's word, I shall return here from forest exile.
2.21.49
त्वया मया च वैदेह्या लक्ष्मणेन सुमित्रया।
पितुर्नियोगे स्थातव्यमेष धर्मः सनातनः ॥ २.२१.४९ ॥
You, I, Vaidehī, Lakṣmaṇa, and Sumitrā must all abide by the father's command; this is the eternal dharma.
2.21.50
अम्ब सम्भृत्य सम्भारान् दुःखं हृदि निगृह्य च।
वनवासकृता बुद्धिर्मम धर्म्यानुवर्त्यताम् ॥ २.२१.५० ॥
Mother, restrain the grief in your heart, gather the provisions, and follow my righteous resolve to go into the forest.
2.21.51
एतद् वचस्तस्य निशम्य माता
सुधर्म्यमव्यग्रमविक्लवं च।
मृतेव संज्ञां प्रतिलभ्य देवी
समीक्ष्य रामं पुनरित्युवाच ॥ २.२१.५१ ॥
Hearing these righteous, steady, and undisturbed words of his, the queen, as though revived from death, regained her senses, looked at Rāma, and spoke again.
2.21.52
यथैव ते पुत्र पिता तथाहं
गुरुः स्वधर्मेण सुहृत्तया च।
न त्वानुजानामि न मां विहाय
सुदुःखितामर्हसि पुत्र गन्तुम् ॥ २.२१.५२ ॥
My son, just as your father is, so am I your guru, by my own duty and by my affection. I do not permit you; you ought not to go, leaving me, who am deeply grieved.
2.21.53
किं जीवितेनेह विना त्वया मे
लोकेन वा किं स्वधयामृतेन।
श्रेयो मुहूर्तं तव संनिधानं
ममैव कृत्स्नादपि जीवलोकात् ॥ २.२१.५३ ॥
Without you, what is life to me, or this world, or the offering of svadhā, or nectar? Even a single moment of your presence is better to me than the entire living world.
2.21.54
नरैरिवोल्काभिरपोह्यमानो
महागजो ध्वान्तमभिप्रविष्टः।
भूयः प्रजज्वाल विलापमेवं
निशम्य रामः करुणं जनन्याः ॥ २.२१.५४ ॥
As a great elephant driven by men with torches, having entered the darkness, blazes up again, so Rāma, hearing his mother's piteous lamentation in this way, blazed up once more.
2.21.55
स मातरं चैव विसंज्ञकल्पा-
मार्तं च सौमित्रिमभिप्रतप्तम्।
धर्मे स्थितो धर्म्यमुवाच वाक्यं
यथा स एवार्हति तत्र वक्तुम् ॥ २.२१.५५ ॥
Rāma, steadfast in dharma, seeing his mother nearly senseless and Lakṣmaṇa, son of Sumitrā, tormented with grief, spoke righteous words, as he alone was fit to speak there.
2.21.56
अहं हि ते लक्ष्मण नित्यमेव
जानामि भक्तिं च पराक्रमं च।
मम त्वभिप्रायमसंनिरीक्ष्य
मात्रा सहाभ्यर्दसि मा सुदुःखम् ॥ २.२१.५६ ॥
Lakṣmaṇa, I always know your devotion and your valour. But without considering my intention, do not grieve so greatly together with our mother.
2.21.57
धर्मार्थकामाः खलु जीवलोके
समीक्षिता धर्मफलोदयेषु।
ये तत्र सर्वे स्युरसंशयं मे
भार्येव वश्याभिमता सपुत्रा ॥ २.२१.५७ ॥
In this world of living beings, dharma, wealth and desire are considered in relation to the rising of dharma's fruits; all of these, without doubt, would be for me like a wife — obedient, agreeable, together with sons.
2.21.58
यस्मिंस्तु सर्वे स्युरसंनिविष्टा
धर्मो यतः स्यात् तदुपक्रमेत।
द्वेष्यो भवत्यर्थपरो हि लोके
कामात्मता खल्वपि न प्रशस्ता ॥ २.२१.५८ ॥
But where all these are not present, one should undertake that from which dharma arises. In the world, one intent on wealth becomes hateful, and a nature given wholly to desire is not praised either.
2.21.59
गुरुश्च राजा च पिता च वृद्धः
क्रोधात् प्रहर्षादथवापि कामात्।
यद् व्यादिशेत् कार्यमवेक्ष्य धर्मं
कस्तं न कुर्यादनृशंसवृत्तिः ॥ २.२१.५९ ॥
Whatever task a teacher, a king, a father or an elder commands, whether out of anger, joy or even desire, having considered dharma — what man of gentle conduct would not do it?
2.21.60
न तेन शक्नोमि पितुः प्रतिज्ञा-
मिमां न कर्तुं सकलां यथावत्।
स ह्यावयोस्तात गुरुर्नियोगे
देव्याश्च भर्ता स गतिश्च धर्मः ॥ २.२१.६० ॥
Therefore I cannot fulfil our father's whole promise as it should be; for he is our teacher in this command, the husband of the queen, and he is our refuge and dharma.
2.21.61
तस्मिन् पुनर्जीवति धर्मराजे
विशेषतः स्वे पथि वर्तमाने।
देवी मया सार्धमितोऽभिगच्छेत्
कथंस्विदन्या विधवेव नारी ॥ २.२१.६१ ॥
While he, the king of dharma, is still alive and firmly abiding on his own path, how could the queen go from here with me, like some other widowed woman?
2.21.62
सा मानुमन्यस्व वनं व्रजन्तं
कुरुष्व नः स्वस्त्ययनानि देवि।
यथा समाप्ते पुनराव्रजेयं
यथा हि सत्येन पुनर्ययातिः ॥ २.२१.६२ ॥
O queen, accept with respect my going to the forest, and perform rites of well-being for us, so that when the term is complete I may return again, as Yayāti returned again by truth.
2.21.63
यशो ह्यहं केवलराज्यकारणा-
न्न पृष्ठतः कर्तुमलं महोदयम्।
अदीर्घकालेन तु देवि जीविते
वृणेऽवरामद्य महीमधर्मतः ॥ २.२१.६३ ॥
I do not desire fame for the sake of mere kingdom, nor am I able to achieve great prosperity afterward; O queen, in a brief span of life, I now choose unrighteously a lowly land.
2.21.64
प्रसादयन्नरवृषभः स मातरं
पराक्रमाज्जिगमिषुरेव दण्डकान्।
अथानुजं भृशमनुशास्य दर्शनं
चकार तां हृदि जननीं प्रदक्षिणम् ॥ २.२१.६४ ॥
The best of men, appeasing his mother and eager by valour to go to the Daṇḍaka forests, then greatly instructing his younger brother, made circumambulation of that mother in his heart and took his leave of her.