Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.103
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1.103.1
ततः प्रतीपो राजाऽऽसीत्सर्वभूतहितः सदा ।
निषसाद समा बह्वीर्गङ्गाद्वारगतो जपन् ॥ १.१०३.१ ॥
Then King Pratīpa, always benefactor of all beings, went to the gate of the Ganges and sat down for many years, reciting prayer.
1.103.2
तस्य रूपगुणोपेता गङ्गा स्त्रीरूपधारिणी ।
उत्तीर्य सलिलात्तस्माल्लोभनीयतमाकृतिः ॥ १.१०३.२ ॥
Ganges, endowed with beauty and virtues, took a woman's form and rose up from the water, of most alluring appearance.
1.103.3
अधीयानस्य राजर्षेर्दिव्यरूपा मनस्विनी ।
दक्षिणं शालसङ्काशमूरुं भेजे शुभानना ॥ १.१०३.३ ॥
The divine-formed, high-minded, fair-faced woman sat down upon the right thigh of the royal sage as he recited, a thigh resembling a sal tree.
1.103.4
प्रतीपस्तु महीपालस्तामुवाच यशस्विनीम् ।
वाक्यं वाक्यविदां श्रेष्ठो धर्मनिश्चयतत्त्ववित्।
करोमि किं ते कल्याणि प्रियं यत्तेऽभिकाङ्क्षितम् ॥ १.१०३.४ ॥
But King Pratīpa, foremost among those skilled in speech and knowing the truth of dharma's resolve, said to her: "Auspicious one, what dear thing that you desire shall I do for you?"
1.103.5
त्वामहं कामये राजन्भजमानां भजस्व माम् ।
त्यागः कामवतीनां हि स्त्रीणां सद्भिर्विगर्हितः ॥ १.१०३.५ ॥
"O king, I desire you; accept me who seek you. To reject women who are full of desire is condemned by the good."
1.103.6
नाहं परस्त्रियं कामाद्गच्छेदं वरवर्णिनि ।
न चासवर्णां कल्याणि धर्म्यमेतद्धि मे व्रतम् ॥ १.१०३.६ ॥
"O fair-complexioned lady, I would not go to another's wife out of desire, nor, auspicious one, to a woman of another class; this is my lawful vow."
1.103.7
यः स्वदारान्परित्यज्य पारक्यां सेवते स्त्रियम् ।
निरयान्नैव मुच्यते यावदाभूतसंप्लवम् ॥ १.१०३.७ ॥
He who, abandoning his own wives, resorts to another's woman, is not released from hell until the universal dissolution.
1.103.8
नाश्रेयस्यस्मि नागम्या न वक्तव्या च कर्हिचित् ।
भजन्तीं भज मां राजन्दिव्यां कन्यां वरस्त्रियम् ॥ १.१०३.८ ॥
O king, I am not unpropitious, not to be approached, nor ever to be spoken to. Resort to me, the divine maiden, the excellent woman who approaches you.
1.103.9
त्वया निवृत्तमेतत्तु यन्मां चोदयसि प्रियम् ।
अन्यथा प्रतिपन्नं मां नाशयेद्धर्मविप्लवः ॥ १.१०३.९ ॥
That which you urge upon me, the desired thing, must be renounced by you. Otherwise, the disruption of dharma would destroy me, having resolved upon it.
1.103.10
प्राप्य दक्षिणमूरुं मे त्वमाश्लिष्टा वराङ्गने ।
अपत्यानां स्नुषाणां च भीरु विद्ध्येतदासनम् ॥ १.१०३.१० ॥
O excellent-limbed woman, having reached my right thigh, you have been embraced. O timid one, know this to be the seat of children and daughters-in-law.
1.103.11
सव्योरुः कामिनीभोग्यस्त्वया स च विवर्जितः ।
तस्मादहं नाचरिष्ये त्वयि कामं वराङ्गने ॥ १.१०३.११ ॥
The left thigh is fit for a lover's enjoyment, and you have rejected it. Therefore, O excellent-limbed woman, I will not act upon desire toward you.
1.103.12
स्नुषा मे भव सुश्रोणि पुत्रार्थं त्वां वृणोम्यहम् ।
स्नुषापक्षं हि वामोरु त्वमागम्य समाश्रिता ॥ १.१०३.१२ ॥
O fair-hipped one, become my daughter-in-law; for the sake of a son I choose you. O fair-thighed one, having come to me, you have taken refuge on the side of a daughter-in-law.
1.103.13
एवमप्यस्तु धर्मज्ञ संयुज्येयं सुतेन ते ।
त्वद्भक्त्या तु भजिष्यामि प्रख्यातं भारतं कुलम् ॥ १.१०३.१३ ॥
So be it, knower of dharma. I shall be united with your son, and through devotion to you I shall honor the renowned Bharata lineage.
1.103.14
पृथिव्यां पार्थिवा ये च तेषां यूयं परायणम् ।
गुणा न हि मया शक्या वक्तुं वर्षशतैरपि ॥ १.१०३.१४ ॥
Among the kings on earth, you are their supreme refuge. Your virtues could not be told by me even in a hundred years.
1.103.15
कुलस्य ये वः प्रथितास्तत्साधुत्वमथोत्तमम् ।
समयेनेह धर्मज्ञ आचरेयं च यद्विभो ॥ १.१०३.१५ ॥
The renowned virtues of your lineage are its supreme goodness. Knower of dharma, mighty one, according to our agreement I shall conduct myself here accordingly.
1.103.16
तत्सर्वमेव पुत्रस्ते न मीमांसेत कर्हिचित् ।
एवं वसन्ती पुत्रे ते वर्धयिष्याम्यहं रतिम् ॥ १.१०३.१६ ॥
Let your son never question any of this. Thus dwelling with your son, I shall increase his delight.
1.103.17
पुत्रैः पुण्यैः प्रियैश्चैव स्वर्गं प्राप्स्यति ते सुतः ।
तथेत्युक्त्वा तु सा राजंस्तत्रैवान्तरधीयत।
अदृश्या राजसिंहस्य पश्यतः साऽभवत्तदा ॥ १.१०३.१७ ॥
Your son will attain heaven, with meritorious and beloved sons. Saying "So be it," O king, she vanished right there; while the lion among kings watched, she became unseen at that moment.
1.103.18
पुत्रजन्म प्रतीक्षन्वै स राजा तदधारयत् ।
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु प्रतीपः क्षत्रियर्षभः ॥ १.१०३.१८ ॥
Awaiting the birth of a son, that king held those words in his heart. Just then Pratīpa, the bull among kshatriyas.
1.103.19
तपस्तेपे सुतस्यार्थे सभार्यः कुरुनन्दन ।
प्रतीपस्य तु भार्यायां गर्भः श्रीमानवर्धत ॥ १.१०३.१९ ॥
O delight of the Kurus, for the sake of a son he performed austerities together with his wife. In the womb of Pratīpa's wife the glorious embryo grew.
1.103.20
श्रिया परमया युक्तः शरच्छुक्ले यथा शशी ।
ततस्तु दशमे मासि प्राजायत रविप्रभम् ॥ १.१०३.२० ॥
Endowed with supreme splendor, like the moon in the bright fortnight of autumn, in the tenth month he was born, radiant as the sun.
1.103.21
कुमारं देवगर्भाभं प्रतीपमहिषी तदा ।
तयोः समभवत्पुत्रो वृद्धयोः स महाभिषक् ॥ १.१०३.२१ ॥
Then the chief queen of Pratīpa bore a youth resembling a divine embryo. Of the aged pair, the son who was born became a great physician.
1.103.22
शान्तस्य जज्ञे सन्तानस्तस्मादासीत्स शान्तनुः ।
तस्य जातस्य कृत्यानि प्रतीपोऽकारयत्प्रभुः ॥ १.१०३.२२ ॥
From Śānta a line was born; from him he became Śāntanu. The rites for the born son were performed by the mighty Pratīpa.
1.103.23
जातकर्मादि विप्रेण वेदोक्तैः कर्मभिस्तदा ।
नामकर्म च विप्रास्तु चक्रुः परमसत्कृतम् ॥ १.१०३.२३ ॥
Then the brahmin performed the birth rites and the others by the rites prescribed in the Vedas, and the brahmins performed the naming rite with the highest honor.
1.103.24
शान्तनोरवनीपाल वेदोक्तैः कर्मभिस्तदा ।
ततः संवर्धितो राजा शान्तनुर्लोकधार्मिकः ॥ १.१०३.२४ ॥
O protector of the earth, then the Vedic rites were performed for Śāntanu. Thereafter the king Śāntanu, having been reared, became righteous toward the world.
1.103.25
स तु लेभे परां निष्ठां प्राप्य धर्मभृतां वरः ।
धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च गतिं स परमा गतः ॥ १.१०३.२५ ॥
He, the best of those who bear dharma, attained the supreme mastery; in the science of the bow and in the Vedas he reached the highest attainment.
1.103.26
यौवनं चापि संप्राप्तः कुमारो वदतां वरः ।
संस्मरंश्चाक्षयाँल्लोकान्विजातान्स्वेन कर्मणा ॥ १.१०३.२६ ॥
That prince, having reached youth, was the best of speakers, remembering the imperishable worlds won by his own deeds.
1.103.27
पुण्यकर्मकृदेवासीच्छान्तनुः कुरुसत्तमः ।
प्रतीपः शान्तनुं पुत्रं यौवनस्थं ततोऽन्वशात् ॥ १.१०३.२७ ॥
Śāntanu was a doer of meritorious deeds and the best of the Kurus. Then Pratīpa instructed his son Śāntanu, who stood in youth.
1.103.28
पुरा स्त्री मां समभ्यागाच्छान्तनो भूतये तव ।
त्वामाव्रजेद्यदि रहः सा पुत्र वरवर्णिनी ॥ १.१०३.२८ ॥
O Śāntanu, formerly a woman came to me for your welfare. O son, if that fair-complexioned woman should approach you in private,
1.103.29
कामयानाऽभिरूपाढ्या दिव्यस्त्री पुत्रकाम्यया ।
सा त्वया नानुयोक्तव्या कासि कस्यासि चाङ्गने ॥ १.१०३.२९ ॥
That divine woman, full of desire and rich in beauty, comes out of longing for a son. You must not question her: 'Who are you? Whose are you?', O lady.
1.103.30
यच्च कुर्यान्न तत्कर्म सा प्रष्टव्या त्वयाऽनघ ।
सन्नियोगाद्भजन्तीं तां भजेथा इत्युवाच तम् ॥ १.१०३.३० ॥
Whatever she may do, you must not question her even about that deed, O faultless one. Serve her, the one who comes by appointment, he said to him.
1.103.31
एवं संदिश्य तनयं प्रतीपः शान्तनुं तदा ।
स्वे च राज्येऽभिषिच्यैनं वनं राजा विवेश ह ॥ १.१०३.३१ ॥
Thus instructing his son, and having anointed Śāntanu over his own kingdom, the king Pratīpa entered the forest.
1.103.32
स राजा शान्तनुर्धीमान्देवराजसमद्युतिः ।
बभूव सर्वलोकस्य सत्यवागिति संमतः ॥ १.१०३.३२ ॥
That wise king Śāntanu, whose splendor was equal to that of the king of the gods, became esteemed throughout all the world as truthful in speech.
1.103.33
पीनस्कन्धो महाबाहुर्मत्तवारणविक्रमः ।
अन्वितः परिपूर्णार्थैः सर्वैर्नृपतिलक्षणैः ॥ १.१०३.३३ ॥
Broad-shouldered and mighty-armed, with the valor of a maddened elephant, he was endowed with all the marks of a king, complete in every respect.
1.103.34
अमात्यलक्षणोपेतः क्षत्रधर्मविशेषवित् ।
वशे चक्रे महीमेको विजित्य वसुधाधिपान् ॥ १.१०३.३४ ॥
Endowed with the qualities of a minister and knowing the special duties of the warrior class, he alone conquered the rulers of the earth and brought the earth under his control.
1.103.35
वेदानागमयत्कृत्स्नान्राजधर्मांश्च सर्वशः ।
ईजे च बहुभिः सत्रैः क्रतुभिर्भूरिदक्षिणैः ॥ १.१०३.३५ ॥
He had all the Vedas and the duties of kings thoroughly studied, and he performed sacrifice with many long sacrificial sessions and rites with abundant fees.
1.103.36
तर्पयामास विप्रांश्च वेदाध्ययनकोविदान् ।
रत्नैरुच्चावचैर्गोभिर्ग्रामैरश्वैर्धनैरपि ॥ १.१०३.३६ ॥
He gratified the brahmins, skilled in the study of the Vedas, with jewels of every kind, with cows, villages, horses and wealth.
1.103.37
वयोरूपेण संपन्नः पौरुषेण बलेन च ।
ऐश्वर्येण प्रतापेन विक्रमेण धनेन च ॥ १.१०३.३७ ॥
He was endowed with youth and beauty, with manly vigour and strength, with sovereignty, splendour, prowess and wealth.
1.103.38
वर्तमानश्च सत्येन सर्वधर्मविशारदः ।
तं महीपं महीपाला राजराजमकुर्वत ॥ १.१०३.३८ ॥
He, abiding in truth and skilled in all duties, was made king of kings by the lesser kings of the earth.
1.103.39
वीतशोकभयाबाधाः सुखस्वप्नप्रबोधाः ।
श्रिया भरतशार्दूल समपद्यन्त भूमिपाः ॥ १.१०३.३९ ॥
O tiger of the Bharatas, the kings of the earth, freed from grief, fear and distress, waking from sleep in comfort, became prosperous.
1.103.40
नियमैः सर्ववर्णानां ब्रह्मोत्तरमवर्तत ।
ब्राह्मणाभिमुखं क्षत्रं क्षत्रियाभिमुखा विशः ॥ १.१०३.४० ॥
By the rules of all the classes the brahmins remained foremost; the warriors were turned towards the brahmins, and the commoners towards the warriors.
1.103.41
ब्रह्मक्षत्रानुकूलांश्च शूद्राः पर्यचरन्विशः ।
एवं पशुवराहाणां तथैव मृगपक्षिणाम् ॥ १.१०३.४१ ॥
And the śūdras and the commoners served the brahmins and warriors in harmony; so too the beasts, boars, deer and birds.
1.103.42
शान्तनावथ राज्यस्थे नावर्तत वृथा वधः ।
असुखानामनाथानां तिर्यग्योनिषु वर्तताम् ॥ १.१०३.४२ ॥
When Śāntanu ruled the kingdom, no needless slaughter took place, even of the unhappy and masterless creatures living among the lower species.
1.103.43
स एव राजा सर्वेषां भूतानामभवत्पिता ।
स हस्तिनाम्नि धर्मात्मा विहरन्कुरुनन्दनः ॥ १.१०३.४३ ॥
He became the father of all beings, the king. That righteous joy of the Kurus, named Hastin, roaming about.
1.103.44
तेजसा सूर्यकल्पोऽभूद्वायुना च समो बले ।
अन्तकप्रतिमः कोपे क्षमया पृथिवीसमः ॥ १.१०३.४४ ॥
In radiance he was like the sun, and in strength equal to the wind. In anger he was like Death, and in patience equal to the earth.
1.103.45
बभूव राजा सुमतिः प्रजानां सत्यविक्रमः ।
स वनेषु च रम्येषु शैलप्रस्रवणेषु च ॥ १.१०३.४५ ॥
He became king, of good mind and true valor toward his subjects. In delightful forests, and by the mountain springs as well.
1.103.46
चचार मृगयाशीलः शान्तनुर्वनगोचरः ।
स मृगान्महिषांश्चैव विनिघ्नन्राजसत्तमः ॥ १.१०३.४६ ॥
Śāntanu, fond of the hunt, wandered in the forest, that best of kings slaying deer and buffalo.
1.103.47
गङ्गामनु चचारैकः सिद्धचारणसेविताम् ।
स कदाचिन्महाराज ददर्श परमां स्त्रियम् ॥ १.१०३.४७ ॥
He wandered alone along the Gaṅgā, which the siddhas and cāraṇas attend. Once, great king, he saw a supreme woman.
1.103.48
जाज्वल्यमानां वपुषा साक्षाच्छ्रियमिवापराम् ।
सर्वानवद्यां सुदतीं दिव्याभरणभूषिताम् ॥ १.१०३.४८ ॥
Blazing in body, as though she were Śrī herself, another one; faultless in every virtue, fair-toothed, adorned with divine ornaments.
1.103.49
सूक्ष्माम्बरधरामेकां पद्मोदरसमप्रभाम् ।
स्नातगात्रां धौतवस्त्रां गङ्गातीररुहे वने ॥ १.१०३.४९ ॥
She was alone, wearing a fine garment, with a lustre like the inner petal of a lotus, her body bathed and her garments washed, in a forest growing on the bank of the Gaṅgā.
1.103.50
प्रकीर्णकेशीं पाणिभ्यां संस्पृशन्तीं शिरोरुहान् ।
रूपेण वयसा कान्त्या शरीरावयवैस्तथा ॥ १.१०३.५० ॥
With her hair loose, touching the hair of her head with her hands, she was endowed with beauty, youth, radiance and the limbs of her body.
1.103.51
हावभावविलासैश्च लोचनाञ्चलविक्रियैः ।
श्रोणीभारेण मध्येन स्तनाभ्यामुरसा दृशा ॥ १.१०३.५१ ॥
By her graceful gestures, emotions and playfulness, by the flicker of the corners of her eyes, by the weight of her hips, her waist, her breasts, her chest and her gaze, she was alluring.
1.103.52
कवरीभरेण पादाभ्यामिङ्गितेन स्मितेन च ।
कोकिलालापसंल्लापैर्न्यक्कुर्वन्तीं त्रिलोकगाम् ॥ १.१०३.५२ ॥
By the weight of her braided hair, her feet, her gestures, her smile, and her talk sweet as the call of the cuckoo, she outshone even those who roam the three worlds.
1.103.53
वाणीं च गिरिजां लक्ष्मीं योषितोन्याः सुराङ्गनाः ।
सा च शान्तनुमब्यागादलक्ष्मीमपकर्षती ॥ १.१०३.५३ ॥
Vāṇī, Girijā, Lakṣmī, other women and the celestial nymphs all paled before her. She drew near to Śantanu, as if drawing away Alakṣmī.
1.103.54
तां दृष्ट्वा हृष्टरोमाऽभूद्विस्मितो रूपसंपदा ।
पिबन्निव च नेत्राभ्यां नातृप्यत नराधिपः ॥ १.१०३.५४ ॥
Seeing her, the king's hair stood on end and he was amazed at the wealth of her beauty. As though drinking with his eyes, the lord of men was still not satisfied.
1.103.55
सा च दृष्ट्वैव राजानं विचरन्तं महाद्युतिम् ।
स्नेहादागतसौहार्दा नातृप्यत विलासिनी ॥ १.१०३.५५ ॥
Having seen the king, greatly radiant, moving about, she who had come with affection and friendship was not satisfied, the graceful woman.
1.103.56
गङ्गा कामेन राजानं प्रेक्षमाणा विलासिनी ।
चञ्चूर्यताग्रतस्तस्य किन्नरीवाप्सरोपमा ॥ १.१०३.५६ ॥
Gaṅgā, the graceful woman, gazing at the king with desire, moved nimbly before him, like a kinnarī, like an apsaras.
1.103.57
दृष्ट्वा प्रहृष्टरूपोऽभूद्दर्शनादेव शान्तनुः ।
रूपेणातीत्य तिष्ठन्तीं सर्वा राजन्ययोषितः ॥ १.१०३.५७ ॥
Having seen her, Śāntanu's appearance became joyful, from the very sight: her who stood surpassing all the royal women in beauty.
1.103.58
तामुवाच ततो राजा सान्त्वयञ्श्लक्ष्णया गिरा ।
देवी वा दानवी वा त्वं गन्धर्वी चाथवाऽप्सराः ॥ १.१०३.५८ ॥
Then the king, soothing her with gentle speech, said to her: 'Are you a goddess, or a demoness, or a gandharva woman, or an apsaras?'
1.103.59
यक्षी वा पन्नगी वाऽपि मानुषी वा सुमध्यमे ।
याऽसि काऽसि सुरप्रख्ये महिषी मे भवानघे ॥ १.१०३.५९ ॥
Whether you are a yakṣī, or a nāga woman, or even a human woman, O slender-waisted one; whoever you are, O one like a god, O sinless one, be my queen.
1.103.60
त्वां गता हि मम प्रामा वसु यन्मेऽस्ति किंचन ।
याचे त्वां सुरगर्भाभे भार्या मे भव शोभने ॥ १.१०३.६० ॥
Your coming to me has made all my wealth and whatever I have yours. I beseech you, O one radiant as the womb of gods, O radiant one: become my wife.