Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.106
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1.106.1
शान्तनुरुवाच ।
आपवो नाम कोन्वेष वसूनां किं च दुष्कृतम्।
शशाप यस्मात्कल्याणि स वसूंश्चारुदर्शने ।
यस्याभिशापात्ते सर्वे मानुषीं योनिमागताः ॥ १.१०६.१ ॥
Śāntanu said: Who was this one named Āpava, and what wrong did the Vasus commit? O auspicious one, O lovely-faced woman, why did he curse the Vasus, by whose curse they all came into a human womb?
1.106.2
अनेन च कुमारेण त्वया दत्तेन किं कृतम् ।
यस्य चैव कृतेनायं मानुषेषु निवत्स्यति ॥ १.१०६.२ ॥
And what did you do with this boy, given by you? By whose deed will he dwell among human beings?
1.106.3
ईशा वै सर्वलोकस्य वसवस्ते च वै कथम् ।
मानुषेषूदपद्यन्त तन्ममाचक्ष्व जाह्नवि ॥ १.१०६.३ ॥
How were the Vasus, lords of all the worlds, born among human beings? O Jāhnavī, tell me that.
1.106.4
एवमुक्ता तदा गङ्गा राजानमिदमब्रवीत् ।
भर्तारं जाह्नवी देवी शान्तनुं पुरुषर्षभ ॥ १.१०६.४ ॥
Thus addressed, the goddess Jāhnavī Gaṅgā then spoke these words to the king, her husband Śāntanu, O bull of men.
1.106.5
गङ्गोवाच ।
यं लेभे वरुणः पुत्रं पुरा भरतसत्तम।
वसिष्ठनामा स मुनिः ख्यात आपव इत्युत ॥ १.१०६.५ ॥
Gaṅgā said: O best of the Bharatas, the son whom Varuṇa obtained in former times, the sage named Vasiṣṭha, is also renowned as Āpava.
1.106.6
तस्याश्रमपदं पुण्यं मृगपक्षिसमन्वितम् ।
मेरोः पार्श्वे नगेन्द्रस्य सर्वर्तुकुसुमावृतम् ॥ १.१०६.६ ॥
His hermitage was sacred, filled with deer and birds, at the side of Meru, the king of mountains, covered with the flowers of every season.
1.106.7
स वारुणिस्तपस्तेपे तस्मिन्भरतसत्तम ।
वने पुण्यकृतां श्रेष्ठः स्वादुमूलफलोदके ॥ १.१०६.७ ॥
That son of Varuṇa, foremost among those who do meritorious deeds, best of the Bharatas, practised austerity in that forest, where there were sweet roots, fruits and water.
1.106.8
दक्षस्य दुहिता या तु सुरभीत्यभिशब्दिता ।
गां प्रजाता तु सा देवी कश्यपाद्भरतर्षभ ॥ १.१०६.८ ॥
The daughter of Dakṣa who is called Surabhī, that goddess, having borne cows from Kaśyapa, O bull of the Bharatas.
1.106.9
अनुग्रहार्थं जगतः सर्वकामदुहां वराम् ।
तां लेभे गां तु धर्मात्मा होमधेनुं स वारुणिः ॥ १.१०६.९ ॥
For the favour of the world, that excellent cow who yields all desires, the righteous-souled son of Varuṇa obtained her, the sacrificial cow.
1.106.10
सा तस्मिंस्तापसारण्ये वसन्ती मुनिसेविते ।
चचार पुण्ये रम्ये च गौरपेतभया तदा ॥ १.१०६.१० ॥
She, dwelling in that forest of ascetics, frequented by sages, roamed the sacred and delightful places, then free from fear of the herdsmen.
1.106.11
अथ तद्वनमाजग्मुः कदाचिद्भरतर्षभ ।
पृथ्वाद्या वसवः सर्वे देवा देवर्षिसेवितम् ॥ १.१०६.११ ॥
Then, O bull of the Bharatas, once all the Vasus led by Pṛthu and the gods came to that forest, frequented by divine sages.
1.106.12
ते सदारा वनं तच्च व्यचरन्त समन्ततः ।
रेमिरे रमणीयेषु पर्वतेषु वनेषु च ॥ १.१०६.१२ ॥
They, with their wives, roamed everywhere through that forest and delighted in the lovely mountains and woods.
1.106.13
तत्रैकस्याथ भार्या तु वसोर्वासवविक्रम ।
संचरन्ती वने तस्मिन्गां ददर्श सुमध्यमा ॥ १.१०६.१३ ॥
There, one of Vasu's wives, whose valour was like Vāsava's, wandering in that forest, saw a cow; she was slender-waisted.
1.106.14
नन्दिनीं नाम राजेन्द्र सर्वकामधुगुत्तमाम् ।
सा विस्मयसमाविष्टा शीलद्रविणसंपदा ॥ १.१०६.१४ ॥
O lord of kings, it was the best cow named Nandinī, the yielder of all desires. Filled with wonder, she was struck by its goodly character and its wealth.
1.106.15
द्यवे वै दर्शयामास तां गां गोवृषभेक्षण ।
आपीनां च सुदोग्ध्रीं च सुवालधिखुरां शुभां ॥ १.१०६.१५ ॥
O bull-eyed one, she showed that cow to Dyau — full-uddered, easy to milk, with fine tail and hooves, auspicious.
1.106.16
उपपन्नां गुणैः सर्वैः शीलेनानुत्तमेन च ।
एवंगुणसमायुक्तां वसवे वसुनन्दिनी ॥ १.१०६.१६ ॥
She was endowed with all good qualities and with unsurpassed character; that cow, possessed of such qualities, Vasu-Nandinī showed to Vasu.
1.106.17
दर्शयामास राजेन्द्र पुरा पौरवनन्दन ।
द्यौस्तदा तां तु दृष्ट्वैव गां गजेन्द्रेन्द्रविक्रम ॥ १.१०६.१७ ॥
O lord of kings, O delight of the Pauravas, she showed it formerly; then Dyau, having seen that cow at once, O you whose valour is that of the lord of elephants,
1.106.18
उवाच राजंस्तां देवीं तस्या रूपगुणान्वदन् ।
एषा गौरुत्तमा देवी वारुणेरसितेक्षणा ॥ १.१०६.१८ ॥
O king, she spoke to that goddess, describing the beauty and qualities of the cow: "This excellent cow belongs to Varuṇa; she has dark eyes."
1.106.19
ऋषेस्तस्य वरारोहे यस्येदं वनमुत्तमम् ।
अस्याः क्षीरं पिबेन्मर्त्यः स्वादु यो वै सुमध्यमे ॥ १.१०६.१९ ॥
O fair-hipped one, whose sage this excellent forest is, if a mortal drinks the sweet milk of this one, O slender-waisted one,
1.106.20
दशवर्षसहस्राणि स जीवेत्स्थिरयौवनः ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु सा देवी नृपोत्तम सुमध्यमा ॥ १.१०६.२० ॥
He would live ten thousand years with unchanging youth. O best of kings, having heard this, that slender-waisted goddess—
1.106.21
तमुवाचानवद्याङ्गी भर्तारं दीप्ततेजसम् ।
अस्ति मे मानुषे लोके नरदेवात्मजा सखी ॥ १.१०६.२१ ॥
That faultless-limbed goddess said to her husband, radiant in splendor: "In the human world there is my friend, a king's daughter.
1.106.22
नाम्नाजितवती नाम रूपयौवनशालिनी ।
उशीनरस्य राजर्षेः सत्यसन्धस्य धीमतः ॥ १.१०६.२२ ॥
named Ajitavatī, endowed with beauty and youth, the daughter of Uśīnara, the royal sage, true to his vow, wise.
1.106.23
दुहिता प्रथिता लोके मानुषे रूपसंपदा ।
तस्या हेतोर्महाभाग सवत्सां गां ममेप्सिताम् ॥ १.१०६.२३ ॥
She is a daughter renowned in the human world for the wealth of her beauty. O greatly fortunate one, for her sake I desire that cow together with her calf.
1.106.24
आनयस्वामरश्रेष्ठ त्वरितं पुण्यवर्धन ।
यावदस्याः पयः पीत्वा सा सखी मम मानद ॥ १.१०६.२४ ॥
Bring her quickly, best of the immortals, increaser of merit, so that my friend may drink her milk. O giver of honor!
1.106.25
मानुषेषु भवत्वेका जरारोगविवर्जिता ।
एतन्मम महाभाग कर्तुमर्हस्यनिन्दित ॥ १.१०६.२५ ॥
Let one among humans be free from old age and disease. This, O greatly fortunate and blameless one, you should do for me.
1.106.26
प्रियात्प्रियतरं ह्यस्मान्नास्ति मेऽन्यत्कथंचन ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचस्तस्या देव्याः प्रियचिकीर्षया ॥ १.१०६.२६ ॥
There is nothing dearer to me than this. Hearing these words of that goddess, desiring to please her...
1.106.27
पृथ्वाद्यैर्भ्रातृभिः सार्धं द्यौस्तदा तां जहार गाम् ।
तया कमलपत्राक्ष्या नियुक्तो द्यौस्तदा नृप ॥ १.१०६.२७ ॥
Then Dyau, together with his brothers led by Pṛthu, seized that cow. O king, impelled by that lotus-eyed one, Dyau then did this.
1.106.28
ऋषेस्तस्य तपस्वीव्रं न शशाक निरीक्षितुम् ।
हृता गौः सा तदा तेन प्रपातस्तु न तर्कितः ॥ १.१०६.२८ ॥
He could not look upon the sage's ascetic vow; then that cow was seized by him, and the fall that would follow was not foreseen.
1.106.29
अथाश्रमपदं प्राप्तः फलान्यादाय वारुणिः ।
न चापश्यत्स गां तत्र सवत्सां काननोत्तमे ॥ १.१०६.२९ ॥
Then the son of Varuṇa arrived at the hermitage with fruits, and in that excellent forest he did not see the cow there with her calf.
1.106.30
ततः स मृगयामास वने तस्मिंस्तपोधनः ।
नाध्यागमच्च मृगयंस्तां गां मुनिरुदारधीः ॥ १.१०६.३० ॥
Then that ascetic searched in the forest, and the sage of noble mind, searching, did not find that cow.
1.106.31
ज्ञात्वा तथाऽपनीतां तां वसुभिर्दिव्यदर्शनः ।
ययौ क्रोधवशं सद्यः शशाप च वसूंस्तदा ॥ १.१०६.३१ ॥
Having learned that the Vasus had taken away that cow, the sage of divine vision at once fell under the sway of anger and cursed the Vasus.
1.106.32
यस्मान्मे वसवो जह्रुर्गां वै दोग्ध्रीं सुवालधिम् ।
तस्मात्सर्वे जनिष्यन्ति मानुषेषु न संशयः ॥ १.१०६.३२ ॥
Because the Vasus have taken away my milch-cow with the fine tail, all of them shall surely be born among men; there is no doubt of it.
1.106.33
एवं शशाप भगवान्वसूंस्तान्भरतर्षभ ।
वशं क्रोधस्य संप्राप्त आपवो मुनिसत्तमः ॥ १.१०६.३३ ॥
Thus, O bull of the Bharatas, the venerable Āpava, best of sages, fell under the power of anger and cursed those Vasus.
1.106.34
शप्त्वा च तान्महाभागस्तपस्येव मनो दधे ।
एवं स शप्तवान्राजन्वसूनष्टौ तपोधनः ॥ १.१०६.३४ ॥
Having cursed them, the greatly fortunate one turned his mind back to asceticism alone. Thus, O king, that wealth-of-austerity sage cursed the eight Vasus.
1.106.35
महाप्रभावो ब्रह्मर्षिर्देवान्क्रोधसमन्वितः ।
एवं शप्तास्ततस्तेन मुनिना यामुनेन वै ॥ १.१०६.३५ ॥
The sage of great power, filled with anger, thus cursed those gods; thus were they cursed by that sage, the descendant of Yamunā.
1.106.36
अष्टौ समस्ता वंसवो दिवो दोषेण सत्तम ।
अथाश्रमपदं प्राप्तास्ते वै भूयो महात्मनः ॥ १.१०६.३६ ॥
O best of men, the eight Vasus, all fallen from heaven through their fault, then came again to the hermitage of that great-souled sage.
1.106.37
शप्ताः स्म इति जानन्त ऋषिं तमुपचक्रमुः ।
प्रसादयन्तस्तमृषिं वसवः पार्थिवर्षभ ॥ १.१०६.३७ ॥
Knowing that they had been cursed, the Vasus set about to appease that sage, O bull among kings.
1.106.38
लेभिरे न च तस्मात्ते प्रसादमृषिसत्तमात् ।
आपवात्पुरुषव्याघ्र सर्वधर्मविशारदात् ॥ १.१०६.३८ ॥
Yet they obtained no favor from that best of sages, Āpava, skilled in all duties, O tiger among men.
1.106.39
उवाच च स धर्मात्मा शप्ता यूयं धरादयः ।
अनुसंवत्सरात्सर्वे शापमोक्षमवाप्स्यथ ॥ १.१०६.३९ ॥
And that righteous-souled one said: 'You are cursed, O Dhara and the rest; after each year has passed you will all obtain release from the curse.'
1.106.40
अयं तु यत्कृते यूयं मया शप्ताः स वत्स्यति ।
द्यौस्तदा मानुषे लोके दीर्घकालं स्वकर्मणः ॥ १.१०६.४० ॥
But he for whose sake you have all been cursed by me, Dyau, will dwell for a long time in the human world as a consequence of his own deed.
1.106.41
नानृतं तच्चिकीर्षामि क्रुद्धो युष्मान्यदब्रुवम् ।
न प्रजास्यति चाप्येष मानुषेषु महामनाः ॥ १.१०६.४१ ॥
I do not wish to make false what I said to you in anger; nor will this great-minded one beget offspring among men.
1.106.42
भविष्यति च धर्मात्मा सर्वशास्त्रविशारदः ।
पितुः प्रियहिते युक्तः स्त्रीभोगान्वर्जयिष्यति ॥ १.१०६.४२ ॥
He will be righteous-souled and skilled in all the scriptures; devoted to his father's pleasure and welfare, he will renounce the enjoyments of women.
1.106.43
एवमुक्त्वा वसून्सर्वान्सजगाम महानृषिः ।
ततो मामुपजग्मुस्ते समेता वसवस्तदा ॥ १.१०६.४३ ॥
Having spoken thus, the great sage departed, leaving all the Vasus. Then the Vasus, assembled together, came to me.
1.106.44
अयाचन्त च मां राजन्वरं तच्च मया कृतम् ।
जाताञ्जातान्प्रक्षिपास्मान्स्वयं गङ्गे त्वमम्भसि ॥ १.१०६.४४ ॥
They begged a boon of me, and I granted it: O king, O Gaṅgā, you yourself are to cast into the water each one of us as soon as he is born.
1.106.45
एवं तेषामहं सम्यक् शप्तानां राजसत्तम ।
मोक्षार्थं मानुषाल्लोकाद्यथावत्कृतवत्यहम् ॥ १.१०६.४५ ॥
Thus, O best of kings, for the liberation of those who had been cursed, I duly acted from the human world.
1.106.46
अयं शापादृषेस्तस्य एक एव नृपोत्तम ।
द्यौ राजन्मानुषे लोके चिरं वत्स्यति भारत ॥ १.१०६.४६ ॥
By this curse of the sage, this one alone, O best of kings, O king, O descendant of Bharata, Dyau will dwell for a long time in the human world.
1.106.47
अयं कुमारः पुत्रस्ते विवृद्धः पुनरेष्यति ।
अहं च ते भविष्यामि आह्वानोपगता नृप ॥ १.१०६.४७ ॥
This boy, your son, grown up, will return again; and I too, O king, having come at your summons, shall become yours.
1.106.48
एतदाख्याय सा देवी तत्रैवान्तरधीयत ।
आदाय च कुमारं तं जगामाथ यथेप्सितम् ॥ १.१०६.४८ ॥
Having said this, the goddess vanished right there; taking that boy, she went wherever she wished.
1.106.49
स तु देवव्रतो नाम गाङ्गेय इति चाभवत् ।
द्युनामा शान्तनोः पुत्रः शान्तनोरधिको गुणैः ॥ १.१०६.४९ ॥
He became known as Devavrata, the son of Gaṅgā. Dyunāman, the son of Śāntanu, was superior to Śāntanu in virtues.
1.106.50
शान्तनुश्चापि शोकार्तो जगाम स्वपुरं ततः ।
तस्याहं कीर्तयिष्यामि शान्तनोरधिकान्गुणान् ॥ १.१०६.५० ॥
Śāntanu too, afflicted with grief, then went back to his own city. I will now recount the superior virtues of that Śāntanu.
1.106.51
महाभाग्यं च नृपतेर्भारतस्य महात्मनः ।
यस्येतिहासो द्युतिमान्महाभारतमुच्यते ॥ १.१०६.५१ ॥
And the great fortune of the great-souled king of the Bharata line is here. His radiant history is called the Mahābhārata.