Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.118
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1.118.1
धृतराष्ट्रे च पाण्डौ च विदुरे च महात्मनि ।
एषु त्रिषु कुमारेषु जातेषु कुरुजाङ्गलम्।
कुरवोऽथ कुरुक्षेत्रं त्रयमेतदवर्धत ॥ १.११८.१ ॥
When the three princes Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Pāṇḍu and the great-souled Vidura were born, the Kuru-Jāṅgala land, the Kurus and Kurukṣetra — these three — grew and prospered.
1.118.2
ऊर्ध्वसस्याऽभवद्भूमिः सस्यानि फलवन्ति च ।
यथर्तुवर्षी पर्जन्यो बहुपुष्पफला द्रुमाः ॥ १.११८.२ ॥
The earth bore tall crops, and the crops bore fruit; the rain-cloud poured down in season, and the trees were heavy with many flowers and fruits.
1.118.3
वाहनानि प्रहृष्टानि मुदिता मृगपक्षिणः ।
गन्धवन्ति च माल्यानि रसवन्ति फलानि च ॥ १.११८.३ ॥
The beasts of burden rejoiced, and the deer and birds were delighted; the garlands became fragrant, and the fruits became flavorful.
1.118.4
वणिग्भिश्चान्वकीर्यन्त नगराण्यथ शिल्पिभिः ।
शूराश्च कृतविद्याश्च सन्तश्च सुखिनोऽभवन् ॥ १.११८.४ ॥
Then the cities were crowded with merchants and craftsmen; the heroes, the learned and the good men became happy.
1.118.5
नाभवन्दस्यवः केचिन्नाधर्मरुचयो जनाः ।
प्रदेशेष्वपि राष्ट्राणां कृतं युगमवर्तत ॥ १.११८.५ ॥
There were no robbers, nor people who delighted in unrighteousness; even in the regions of the realms, the Kṛta age prevailed.
1.118.6
धर्मक्रिया यज्ञशीलाः सत्यव्रतपरायणाः ।
अन्योन्यप्रीतिसंयुक्ता व्यवर्धन्त प्रजास्तदा ॥ १.११८.६ ॥
Performing their dharmic duties, devoted to sacrifice, intent on the vow of truth, and bound together in mutual affection, the people then flourished.
1.118.7
मानक्रोधविहीनाश्च नरा लोभविवर्जिताः ।
अन्योन्यमभ्यनन्दन्त धर्मोत्तरमवर्तत ॥ १.११८.७ ॥
Men free from pride and anger, free from greed, welcomed one another, and dharma prevailed above all.
1.118.8
तन्महोदधिवत्पूर्णं नगरं वै व्यरोचत ।
द्वारतोरणनिर्यूहैर्युक्तमभ्रचयोपमैः ॥ १.११८.८ ॥
That city shone like a great ocean, full, adorned with gates, arches and projecting eaves like heaps of clouds.
1.118.9
प्रसादशतसंबाधं महेन्द्रपुरसन्निभम् ।
नदीषु वनखण्डेषु वापीपल्वलसानुषु।
काननेषु च रम्येषु विजह्रुर्मुदिता जनाः ॥ १.११८.९ ॥
Crowded with hundreds of palaces, resembling the city of Indra, the joyful people sported by the rivers, in grove-tracts, on the slopes of step-wells and ponds, and in the delightful woods.
1.118.10
उत्तरैः कुरुभिः सार्धं दक्षिणाः कुरवस्तथा ।
विस्पर्धमाना व्यचरंस्तथा देवर्षिचारणैः ॥ १.११८.१० ॥
Vying with the northern Kurus, and likewise with the southern Kurus, they moved about, as with divine sages and celestial bards.
1.118.11
नाभवत्कृपणः कश्चिन्नाभवन्विधवाः स्त्रियः ।
तस्मिञ्जनपदे रम्ये कुरुभिर्बहुलीकृते ॥ १.११८.११ ॥
In that delightful country, made abundant by the Kurus, there was no wretched man, and no women were widows.
1.118.12
कूपारामसभावाप्यो ब्राह्मणावसथास्तथा ।
बभूवुः सर्वर्द्धियुतास्तस्मिन्राष्ट्रे सदोत्सवाः ॥ १.११८.१२ ॥
In that realm the wells, gardens, assembly halls, ponds and the dwellings of brahmins were all endowed with every prosperity, and there were always festivals.
1.118.13
भीष्मेण धर्मतो राजन्सर्वतः परिरक्षिते ।
बभूव रमणीयश्च चैत्ययूपशताङ्कितः ॥ १.११८.१३ ॥
O king, that land, well protected on all sides by Bhīṣma according to dharma, became delightful, marked with hundreds of shrines and sacrificial posts.
1.118.14
स देशः परराष्ट्राणि विमृज्याभिप्रवर्धितः ।
भीष्मेण विहितं राष्ट्रे धर्मचक्रमवर्तत ॥ १.११८.१४ ॥
That land, having cleared away foreign kingdoms, greatly flourished; and the wheel of dharma established in the realm by Bhīṣma kept turning.
1.118.15
क्रियमाणेषु कृत्येषु कुमाराणां महात्मनाम् ।
पौरजानपदाः सर्वे बभूवुः परमोत्सुकाः ॥ १.११८.१५ ॥
While the rites and duties of the great-souled princes were being performed, all the city and country folk became exceedingly eager.
1.118.16
गृहेषु कुरुमुख्यानां पौराणां च नराधिप ।
दीयतां भुज्यतां चेति वाचोऽश्रूयन्त सर्वशः ॥ १.११८.१६ ॥
O lord of men, in the houses of the foremost Kurus and of the citizens, voices were heard everywhere saying, "Let it be given, let it be eaten."
1.118.17
धृतराष्ट्रश्च पाण्डुश्च विदुरश्च महामतिः ।
जन्मप्रभृति भीष्मेण पुत्रवत्परिपालिताः ॥ १.११८.१७ ॥
Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Pāṇḍu and the wise Vidura had been cared for by Bhīṣma as his own sons from birth onward.
1.118.18
संस्कारैः संस्कृतास्ते तु व्रताध्ययनसंयुताः ।
श्रमव्यायामकुशलाः समपद्यन्त यौवनम् ॥ १.११८.१८ ॥
Consecrated by the sacraments, devoted to vows and study, skilled in exertion and exercise, they came to the age of youth.
1.118.19
धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च गदायुद्धेऽसिचर्मणि ।
तथैव गजशिक्षायां नीतिशास्त्रेषु पारगाः ॥ १.११८.१९ ॥
They became masters of the science of the bow and of the Veda, of mace-fighting, of sword and shield, likewise of the training of elephants and of the treatises on statecraft.
1.118.20
इतिहासपुराणेषु नानाशिक्षासु बोधिताः ।
वेदवेदाङ्गतत्त्वज्ञाः सर्वत्र कृतनिश्चयाः ॥ १.११८.२० ॥
Instructed in the histories and Purāṇas and in many disciplines, knowing the essence of the Vedas and their limbs, they were everywhere resolute.
1.118.21
वैदिकाध्ययने युक्तो नीतिशास्त्रेषु पारगः ।
भीष्मेण राजा कौरव्यो धृतराष्ट्रोऽभिषेचितः ॥ १.११८.२१ ॥
Devoted to Vedic study and a master of the treatises on statecraft, the Kaurava king Dhṛtarāṣṭra was anointed by Bhīṣma.
1.118.22
धनुर्वेदेऽश्वपृष्ठे च गदायुद्धेऽसिचर्मणि ।
तथैव गजशिक्षायामस्त्रेषु विविधेषु च ॥ १.११८.२२ ॥
In the science of the bow, in horsemanship, in mace-fighting, in sword and shield, likewise in the training of elephants, and in the many kinds of weapons.
1.118.23
अर्थधर्मप्रधानासु विद्यासु विविधासु च ।
गतः पारं यदा पाण्डुस्तदा सेनापतिः कृतः ॥ १.११८.२३ ॥
When Pāṇḍu had mastered the many sciences chiefly concerned with wealth and dharma, he was made commander of the army.
1.118.24
पाण्डुर्धनुषि विक्रान्तो नरेष्वभ्यदिकोऽभवत् ।
अन्येभ्यो बलवानासीद्धृतराष्ट्रो महीपतिः ॥ १.११८.२४ ॥
Pāṇḍu, valiant in archery, became foremost among men, while Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the lord of the earth, was mightier than the others.
1.118.25
अमात्यो मनुजेन्द्रस्य बाल एव यशस्विनः ।
भीष्मेण सर्वधर्माणां प्रणेता विदुरः कृतः ॥ १.११८.२५ ॥
Though still a boy, Vidura was the minister of the renowned lord of men; Bhīṣma appointed him the guide of all dharmas.
1.118.26
सर्वशास्त्रार्थतत्त्वज्ञो बुद्धिमेधापटुर्युवा ।
भावेनागमयुक्तेन सर्वं वेदयते जगत् ॥ १.११८.२६ ॥
Knowing the true meaning of all the treatises, skilled in intellect and memory, the young man made everything known to the world, by his nature and by knowledge joined with tradition.
1.118.27
त्रिषु लोकेषु न त्वासीत्कश्चिद्विदुरसंमितः ।
धर्मनित्यस्तथा राजन्धर्मं च परमं गतः ॥ १.११८.२७ ॥
O king, there was no one in the three worlds equal to Vidura; constant in dharma, he attained the supreme dharma.
1.118.28
प्रनष्टं शान्तनोर्वंशं समीक्ष्य पुनरुद्धृतम् ।
ततो निर्वचनं लोके सर्वराष्ट्रेष्ववर्तत ॥ १.११८.२८ ॥
Seeing the lineage of Śantanu nearly destroyed and then raised up again, a decision was then proclaimed throughout the world and in all the realms.
1.118.29
वीरसूनां काशिसुते देशानां कुरुजाङ्गलम् ।
सर्वध्रमविदां भीष्मः पुराणां गजसाह्वयम् ॥ १.११८.२९ ॥
O son of Kāśi's daughter: among the lands of heroic mothers, Kurujāṅgala; among the cities of those who know all dharma, Gajasāhvaya (Hāstinapura) — these Bhīṣma chose.
1.118.30
धृतराष्ट्रस्त्वचक्षुष्ट्वाद्रज्यं न प्रत्यपद्यत ।
पारसवत्वाद्विदुरो राजा पाण्डुर्बभूव ह ॥ १.११८.३० ॥
But because he was blind, Dhṛtarāṣṭra did not obtain the kingdom; and because he was of pāraśava birth, Vidura did not become king; so Pāṇḍu became king.
1.118.31
अथ शुश्राव विप्रेभ्यः कुन्तिभोजमहीपतेः ।
रूपयौवनसंपन्नां सुतां सागरगासुतः ॥ १.११८.३१ ॥
Then the son of the Gaṅgā heard from the brahmins of the daughter of Kuntibhoja, the lord of the earth, endowed with beauty and youth.
1.118.32
सुबलस्य च कल्याणीं गान्धाराधिपतेः सुताम् ।
सुतां च मद्रराजस्य रूपेणाप्रतिमां भुवि ॥ १.११८.३२ ॥
And he heard of Subala's auspicious daughter, the daughter of the lord of Gāndhāra, and the daughter of the king of the Madras, unmatched in beauty on earth.
1.118.33
कदाचिदथ गाङ्गेयः सर्वनीतिमतां वरः ।
विदुरं धर्मतत्त्वज्ञं वाक्यमाह यथोचितम् ॥ १.११८.३३ ॥
Once, Bhīṣma, the son of Gaṅgā, the best of all who know policy, spoke fitting words to Vidura, the knower of the essence of dharma.