Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.69
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1.69.1
त्वत्तः श्रुतमिदं ब्रह्मन्देवदानवरक्षसाम् ।
अंशावतरणं सम्यग्गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा ॥ १.६९.१ ॥
O brahmin, I have heard from you fully about the descent of portions of gods, dānavas, rākṣasas, gandharvas and apsarases.
1.69.2
इमं तु भूय इच्छामि कुरूणां वंशमादितः ।
कथ्यमानं त्वया विप्र विप्रर्षिगणसन्निधौ ॥ १.६९.२ ॥
But O brahmin, I wish to hear again, from the beginning, the lineage of the Kurus as you recount it in the presence of the assembly of brahmin sages.
1.69.3
धर्मार्थकामसहितं राजर्षीणां प्रकीर्तितम् ।
पवित्रं कीर्त्यमानं मे निबोधेदं मनीषिणाम् ॥ १.६९.३ ॥
This sacred account, proclaimed by royal sages and joined with dharma, wealth and desire, as I now recite it, O wise ones, listen.
1.69.4
प्रजापतेस्तु दक्षस्य मनोर्वैवस्वतस्य च ।
भरतस्य कुरोः पूरोराजमीढस्य चानघ ॥ १.६९.४ ॥
O sinless one, the lineages of Prajāpati, Dakṣa, Manu, Vaivasvata, Bharata, Kuru, Pūru and Rājamīḍha.
1.69.5
यादवानामिमं वंशं कौरवाणां च सर्वशः ।
तथैव भरतानां च पुण्यं स्वस्त्ययनं महत् ॥ १.६९.५ ॥
This lineage of the Yādavas, the whole lineage of the Kauravas, and likewise that of the Bharatas, is sacred and a great source of well-being.
1.69.6
धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं कीर्तयिष्यामि तेऽनघ ।
तेजोभिरुदिताः सर्वे महर्षिसमतेजसः ॥ १.६९.६ ॥
O sinless one, I shall recount to you this lineage that brings prosperity, fame and long life; all of them arose through their radiance, equal in splendour to great sages.
1.69.7
दश प्राचेतसः पुत्राः सन्तः पुण्यजनाः स्मृताः ।
मुखजेनाग्निना यैस्ते पूर्वं दग्धा महौजसः ॥ १.६९.७ ॥
The ten sons of Pracetas, remembered as the Puṇyajanas, were once burned by the fire born from the mouth, those men of great power.
1.69.8
तेभ्यः प्राचेतसो जज्ञे दक्षो दक्षादिमाः प्रजाः ।
संभूताः पुरुषव्याघ्र स हि लोकपितामहः ॥ १.६९.८ ॥
From them, through Pracetas, was born Dakṣa; from Dakṣa these creatures arose. Tiger among men, he indeed is the grandfather of the worlds.
1.69.9
वीरिण्या सह सङ्गम्य दक्षः प्राचेतसो मुनिः ।
आत्मतुल्यानजनयत्सहस्रं संशितव्रतान् ॥ १.६९.९ ॥
Having united with Vīriṇī, the sage Dakṣa, son of Pracetas, begot a thousand sons equal to himself, firm in their vows.
1.69.10
सहस्रसङ्ख्यानसंभूतान्दक्षपुत्रांश्च नारदः ।
मोक्षमध्यापयामास साङ्ख्यज्ञानमनुत्तमम् ॥ १.६९.१० ॥
Nārada taught those thousands of Dakṣa's sons liberation and the supreme knowledge of Sāṅkhya.
1.69.11
नाशार्थं योजयामास दिगन्तज्ञानकर्मसु ।
ततः पञ्चाशतं कन्या पुत्रिका अभिसन्दधे।
प्रजापतिः प्रजा दक्षः सिसृक्षुर्जनमेजय ॥ १.६९.११ ॥
He set them to destruction, to knowledge and deeds reaching the ends of the quarters. Then Dakṣa, lord of creatures, desiring to create progeny, O Janamejaya, begot fifty daughters.
1.69.12
ददौ दश स धर्माय कश्यपाय त्रयोदश ।
कालस्य नयने युक्ताः सप्तविंशतिमिन्दवे ॥ १.६९.१२ ॥
He gave ten to Dharma and thirteen to Kaśyapa; the twenty-seven, joined as the eyes of Time, he gave to the Moon.
1.69.13
त्रयोदशानां पत्नीनां या तु दाक्षायणी वरा ।
मारीचः कश्यपस्त्वस्यामादित्यान्समजीजनत् ॥ १.६९.१३ ॥
Of the thirteen wives, the excellent daughter of Dakṣa bore Kaśyapa, son of Marīci, the Ādityas.
1.69.14
इन्द्रादीन्वीर्यसंपन्नान्विवस्वन्तमथापि च ।
विवस्वतः सुतो जज्ञे यमो वैवस्वतः प्रभुः ॥ १.६९.१४ ॥
He begot Indra and the others, endowed with valour, and also Vivasvat; and Yama Vaivasvata, the lord, was born as the son of Vivasvat.
1.69.15
मार्ताण्डस्य यमी चापि सुता राजन्नजायत ।
मार्तण्डस्य मनुर्धीमानजायत सुतः प्रभुः ॥ १.६९.१५ ॥
O king, Yamī, the daughter of Mārtāṇḍa, was also born; and Manu, the wise lord, son of Mārtāṇḍa, was born.
1.69.16
धर्मात्मा स मनुर्धीमान्यत्र वंशः प्रतिष्ठितः ।
मनोर्वंशो मानवानां ततोऽयं प्रथितोऽभवत् ॥ १.६९.१६ ॥
That righteous and wise Manu, from whom the lineage was established; the lineage of Manu became famed as the lineage of humankind from then on.
1.69.17
ब्रह्मक्षत्रादयस्तस्मान्मनोर्जातास्तु मानवाः ।
ततोऽभवन्महाराज ब्रह्म क्षत्रेण सङ्गतम् ॥ १.६९.१७ ॥
From Manu were born humans, brahmins, kṣatriyas and the rest; then, O great king, the brahmin power became joined with the warrior power.
1.69.18
ब्राह्मणा मानवास्तेषां साङ्गं वेदमदारयन् ।
वेनं धृष्णुं नरिष्यन्तं नाभागेक्ष्वाकुमेव च ॥ १.६९.१८ ॥
Among them, the brahmins of the human line divided the Veda together with its limbs; and Vena, Dhṛṣṇu, Nariṣyanta, Nābhāga and Ikṣvāku as well.
1.69.19
कारूषमथ शर्यातिं तथा चैवाष्टमीमिलाम् ।
पृष्टध्रं नवमं प्राहुः क्षत्रधर्मपरायणम् ॥ १.६९.१९ ॥
Kārūṣa, then Śaryāti, likewise the eighth Ilā, and the ninth Pṛṣṭadhra, devoted to the duty of the warrior — they say.
1.69.20
नाभागारिष्टदशमान्मनोः पुत्रान्प्रचक्षते ।
पञ्चाशत्तु मनोः पुत्रास्तथैवान्येऽभवन्क्षितौ ॥ १.६९.२० ॥
Nābhāga and Ariṣṭa, the tenth — these are reckoned as the sons of Manu. Manu had fifty sons, and others likewise came to be on the earth.
1.69.21
अन्योन्यभेदात्ते सर्वे विनेशुरिति नः श्रुतम् ।
पुरूरवास्ततो विद्वानिलायां समपद्यत ॥ १.६९.२१ ॥
Through mutual dissension they all perished, so we have heard. Then the wise Purūravas was born from Ilā.
1.69.22
सा वै तस्याभवन्माता पिता चैवेति नः श्रुतम् ।
त्रयोदश समुद्रस्य द्वीपानश्नन्पुरूरवाः ॥ १.६९.२२ ॥
She indeed was his mother and father, so we have heard. Purūravas enjoyed the thirteen islands of the ocean.
1.69.23
अमानुषैर्वृतः सत्वैर्मानुषः सन्महायशाः ।
विप्रैः स विग्रहं चक्रे वीर्योन्मत्तः पुरूरवाः ॥ १.६९.२३ ॥
Though human, and surrounded by non-human beings, the greatly famed Purūravas, intoxicated with the pride of his might, waged strife against the brahmins.
1.69.24
जहार च स विप्राणां रत्नान्युत्क्रोशतामपि ।
सनत्कुमारस्तं राजन्ब्रह्मलोकादुपेत्य ह ॥ १.६९.२४ ॥
He seized the jewels of the brahmins even as they cried out. Then, O king, Sanatkumāra came down from the world of Brahmā and approached him.
1.69.25
अनुदर्शं ततश्चक्रे प्रत्यगृह्णान्न चाप्यसौ ।
ततो महर्षिभिः क्रुद्धैः सद्यः शप्तो व्यनश्यत ॥ १.६९.२५ ॥
Then he looked at them in turn, but accepted none of them. Thereupon the great sages, enraged, at once cursed him, and he perished.
1.69.26
लोभान्वितो बलमदान्नष्टसंज्ञो नराधिपः ।
स हि गन्धर्वलोकस्थानुर्वश्या सहितो विराट् ॥ १.६९.२६ ॥
That king, filled with greed and with his senses lost through the intoxication of strength, dwelling in the world of the gandharvas together with Urvaśī — that sovereign Virāj.
1.69.27
आनिनाय क्रियार्थेऽग्नीन्यथावद्विहितांस्त्रिधा ।
षट् सुता जज्ञिरे चैलादायुर्धीमानमावसुः ॥ १.६९.२७ ॥
For the rite he duly brought the fires, threefold as ordained. Six sons were born to him: Āyu, son of Ilā, the wise Amāvasu and others.
1.69.28
दृढायुश्च वनायुश्च शतायुश्चोर्वशीसुताः ।
नहुषं वृद्धशर्माणं रजिं गयमनेनसम् ॥ १.६९.२८ ॥
Dṛḍhāyu, Vanāyu and Śatāyu were the sons of Urvaśī; and Nahuṣa, Vṛddhaśarman, Raji, Gaya and Anenas.
1.69.29
स्वर्भानवी सुतानेतानायोः पुत्रान्प्रचक्षते ।
आयुषो नहुषः पुत्रो धीमान्सत्यपराक्रमः ॥ १.६९.२९ ॥
These sons of the daughter of Svarbhānu are called the sons of Āyu. The son of Āyu was Nahuṣa, wise and of true valour.
1.69.30
राज्यं शशास सुमहद्धर्मेण पृथिवीपते ।
पितॄन्देवानृषीन्विप्रान्गन्धर्वोरगराक्षसान् ॥ १.६९.३० ॥
O lord of the earth, he ruled a vast kingdom righteously, over the ancestors, gods, sages, brahmins, gandharvas, serpents and rākṣasas.
1.69.31
नहुषः पालयामास ब्रह्मक्षत्रमथो विशः ।
स हत्वा दस्युसंघातानृषीन्करमदापयत् ॥ १.६९.३१ ॥
Nahuṣa protected the brahmins, the warriors and the common people. Having slain bands of robbers, he made the sages pay tribute.
1.69.32
पशुवच्चैव तान्पृष्ठे वाहयामास वीर्यवान् ।
कारयामास चेन्द्रत्वमभिभूय दिवौकसः ॥ १.६९.३२ ॥
The mighty Nahuṣa made them carry him on their backs like beasts. Overpowering the heaven-dwellers, he made them perform the duties of Indra's lordship.
1.69.33
तेजसा तपसा चैव विक्रमेणौजसा तथा ।
विश्लिष्टो नहुषः शप्तः सद्यो ह्यजगरोऽभवत्।
यतिं ययातिं संयातिमायातिमयतिं ध्रुवम् ॥ १.६९.३३ ॥
Nahuṣa, fallen from splendour, austerity, valour and vigour, was cursed and at once became a python. Yati, Yayāti, Saṃyāti, Āyāti, Ayati and Dhruva.
1.69.34
नहुषो जनयामास षट् सुतान्प्रियवादिनः ।
यतिस्तु योगमास्थाय ब्रह्मीभूतोऽभवन्मुनिः ॥ १.६९.३४ ॥
Nahuṣa begot six sons who spoke pleasantly. Yati, however, took up yoga and became a sage united with Brahman.
1.69.35
ययातिर्नाहुषः सम्राडासीत्सत्यपराक्रमः ।
स पालयामास महीमीजे च बहुभिर्मखैः ॥ १.६९.३५ ॥
Yayāti, son of Nahuṣa, was an emperor of true valour. He protected the earth and worshipped with many sacrifices.
1.69.36
अतिभक्त्या पितॄनर्चन्देवांश्च प्रयतः सदा ।
अन्वगृह्णात्प्रजाः सर्वा ययातिरपराजितः ॥ १.६९.३६ ॥
Yayāti, the unconquered, always self-restrained and with great devotion honouring the ancestors and the gods, showed favour to all his subjects.
1.69.37
तस्य पुत्रा महेष्वासाः सर्वैः समुदिता गुणैः ।
देवयान्यां महाराज शर्मिष्ठायां च जज्ञिरे ॥ १.६९.३७ ॥
His sons, great archers endowed with every virtue, were born of Devayānī and Śarmiṣṭhā, O great king.
1.69.38
देवयान्यामजायेतां यदुस्तुर्वसुरेव च ।
द्रुह्युश्चानुश्च पूरुश्च शर्मिष्ठायां च जज्ञिरे ॥ १.६९.३८ ॥
From Devayānī were born Yadu and Turvasu; from Śarmiṣṭhā were born Druhyu, Anu and Pūru.
1.69.39
स शाश्वतीः समा राजन्प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन् ।
जरामार्च्छन्महाघोरां नाहुषो रूपनाशिनीम् ॥ १.६९.३९ ॥
O king, the son of Nahuṣa protected his subjects righteously for countless years, but then he was overtaken by dreadful old age, destroyer of beauty.
1.69.40
जराऽभिभूतः पुत्रान्स राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ।
यदुं पूरुं तुर्वसुं च द्रुह्युं चानुं च भारत ॥ १.६९.४० ॥
Overcome by old age, the king spoke these words to his sons—Yadu, Pūru, Turvasu, Druhyu and Anu, O Bhārata.
1.69.41
यौवनेन चरन्कामान्युवा युवतिभिः सह ।
बिहर्तुमहमिच्छामि साह्यं कुरुत पुत्रकाः ॥ १.६९.४१ ॥
Wishing to enjoy my pleasures with youth, to disport myself as a young man with young women, I desire it. Sons, help me.
1.69.42
तं पुत्रो दैवयानेयः पूर्वजो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ।
किं कार्यं भवतः कार्यमस्माकं यौवनेन ते ॥ १.६९.४२ ॥
Then the eldest son of Devayānī said to him: "What is your task? What use is your youth to us?"
1.69.43
ययातिरब्रवीत्तं वै जरा मे प्रतिगृह्यताम् ।
यौवनेन त्वदीयेन चरेयं विषयानहम् ॥ १.६९.४३ ॥
Yayāti said to him: "Take my old age; with your youth I shall enjoy the objects of pleasure."
1.69.44
यजतो दीर्घसत्रैर्मे शापाच्चोशनसो मुनेः ।
कामार्थः परिहीणोऽयं तप्येयं तेन पुत्रकाः ॥ १.६९.४४ ॥
"While performing long sacrificial sessions, my fulfilment of desire has been diminished by the curse of the sage Uśanas; therefore, my sons, I am tormented."
1.69.45
मामकेन शरीरेण राज्यमेकः प्रशास्तु वः ।
अहं तन्वाऽभिनवया युवा काममवाप्नुयाम् ॥ १.६९.४५ ॥
"With this body of mine, let one of you alone rule the kingdom; and I, with a fresh body, young, shall attain my desires."
1.69.46
ते न तस्य प्रत्यगृह्णन्यदुप्रभृतयो जराम् ।
तमब्रवीत्ततः पूरुः कनीयान्सत्यविक्रमः ॥ १.६९.४६ ॥
Yadu and the others did not accept his old age; then Pūru, the youngest, of true valour, spoke to him.
1.69.47
राजंश्चराभिनवया तन्वा यौवनगोचरः ।
अहं जरां समादाय राज्ये स्थास्यामि तेज्ञया ॥ १.६९.४७ ॥
"O king, enjoy youth with your fresh body; by your command I shall take up your old age and remain in the kingdom."
1.69.48
एवमुक्तः स राजर्षिस्तपोवीर्यसमाश्रयात् ।
संचारयामास जरां तदा पुत्रे महात्मनि ॥ १.६९.४८ ॥
Thus addressed, that royal sage, relying on the power of his austerities, at that very moment transferred his old age to the great-souled son.
1.69.49
पौरवेणाथ वयसा राजा यौवनमास्थितः ।
यायातेनापि वयसा राज्यं पूरुरकारयत् ॥ १.६९.४९ ॥
Then the king took youth from the Paurava; and Yayāti too, in his age, caused the kingdom to be ruled by Pūru.
1.69.50
ततो वर्षसहस्राणि ययातिरपराजितः ।
स्थितः स नृपशार्दूलः शार्दूलसमविक्रमः ॥ १.६९.५० ॥
Then for thousands of years Yayāti, unconquered, remained — that tiger among kings, whose valour was like a tiger's.
1.69.51
ययातिरपि पत्नीभ्यां दीर्घकालं विहृत्य च ।
विश्वाच्या सहितो रेमे पुनश्चैत्ररथे वने ॥ १.६९.५१ ॥
Yayāti too, having dwelt long in pleasure with his two wives, and again with Viśvācī, delighted in the Caitraratha forest.
1.69.52
नाध्यगच्छत्तदा तृप्तिं कामानां स महायशाः ।
अवेत्य मनसा राजन्निमां गाथां तदा जगौ ॥ १.६९.५२ ॥
That one of great fame did not then find satisfaction in desires; O king, realising this in his mind, he then sang this verse.
1.69.53
न जातु कामः कामानामुपभोगेन शाम्यति ।
इविषा कृष्णवर्त्मेव भूय एवाभिवर्धते ॥ १.६९.५३ ॥
Desire is never quelled by the enjoyment of desires; as fire with ghee, it only grows the more.
1.69.54
यत्पृथिव्यां व्रीहियवं हिरण्यं पशवः स्त्रियः ।
नालमेकस्य तत्सर्वमिति मत्वा शमं व्रजेत् ॥ १.६९.५४ ॥
Whatever rice, barley, gold, cattle and women there are on the earth — all of it is not enough for one man; thinking so, one should attain peace.
1.69.55
यदा न कुरुते पापं सर्वभूतेषु कर्हिचित् ।
कर्मणा मनसा वाचा ब्रह्म संपद्यते तदा ॥ १.६९.५५ ॥
When a man never does evil to any creature in deed, mind, or speech, then he attains brahman.
1.69.56
न बिभेति यदा चायं यदा चास्मान्न बिभ्यति ।
यदा नेच्छति न द्वेष्टि ब्रह्म संपद्यते तदा ॥ १.६९.५६ ॥
When he does not fear, and when others do not fear him, when he neither desires nor hates, then he attains brahman.
1.69.57
इत्यवेक्ष्य महाप्राज्ञः कामानां फल्गुतां नृप ।
समाधाय मनो बुद्ध्या प्रत्यगृह्णाज्जरां सुतात् ॥ १.६९.५७ ॥
Thus, O king, the very wise one, perceiving the worthlessness of desires, composed his mind by intellect and took back old age from his son.
1.69.58
ततो वर्षसहस्रान्ते ययातिरपराजितः ।
दत्वा च यौवनं राजा पूरुं राज्येऽभिषिच्य च।
अतृप्त एव कामानां पूरुं पुत्रमुवाच ह ॥ १.६९.५८ ॥
Then, after a thousand years, the unconquered king Yayāti returned youth, anointed Pūru in the kingdom, and, still unsatisfied in his desires, spoke to his son Pūru.
1.69.59
त्वया दायादवानस्मि त्वं मे वंशकरः सुतः ।
पौरवो वंश इति ते ख्यातिं लोके गमिष्यति ॥ १.६९.५९ ॥
Through you I have an heir; you are the son who will perpetuate my line. It will be known as the Paurava lineage, and your fame will go forth in the world.
1.69.60
ततः स नृपशार्दूल पूरुं राज्येऽभिषिच्य च ।
ततः सुचरितं कृत्वा भृगुतुङ्गे महातपाः ॥ १.६९.६० ॥
Then that tiger among kings, having anointed Pūru in the kingdom and having lived a well-conducted life, became a man of great austerity on the peak of Bhṛgu.
1.69.61
कालेन महता पश्चात्कालधर्ममुपेयिवान् ।
कारयित्वा त्वनशनं सदारः स्वर्गमाप्तवान् ॥ १.६९.६१ ॥
After a long time he met the law of death, and, having made himself fast, he attained heaven together with his wife.