Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.180
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12.180.1
कुतः सृष्टमिदं सर्वं जगत्स्थावरजङ्गमम् ।
प्रलये च किमभ्येति तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥ १२.१८०.१ ॥
Whence was this entire world, the immovable and the moving, created? And at dissolution, to what does it go? Tell me this, grandsire.
12.180.2
ससागरः सगगनः सशैलः सबलाहकः ।
सभूमिः साग्निपवनो लोकोऽयं केन निर्मितः ॥ १२.१८०.२ ॥
By whom was this world made, with its oceans, sky, mountains, clouds, earth, fire and wind?
12.180.3
कथं सृष्टानि भूतानि कथं वर्णविभक्तयः ।
शोचाशौचं कथं तेषां धर्माधर्मावथो कथम् ॥ १२.१८०.३ ॥
How were beings created? How came the divisions of the varṇas? How came purity and impurity among them, and dharma and adharma?
12.180.4
कीदृशो जीवतां जीवः क्व वा गच्छन्ति ये मृताः ।
अस्माल्लोकादमुं लोकं सर्वं शंसतु नो भवान् ॥ १२.१८०.४ ॥
What kind of soul is there in the living? And where do those who have died go? From this world to that world, let you declare all of it to us.
12.180.5
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
भृगुणाऽभिहितं श्रेष्ठं भरद्वाजाय पृच्छते ॥ १२.१८०.५ ॥
On this matter they also recite this ancient itihāsa, the excellent account told by Bhṛgu to Bharadvāja, who was asking.
12.180.6
कैलासशिखरे दृष्ट्वा दीप्यमानमिवौजसा ।
भृगुं महर्षिमासीनं भरद्वाजोऽन्वपृच्छत ॥ १२.१८०.६ ॥
Having seen Bhṛgu, the great seer, seated on the peak of Kailāsa, blazing as if with radiance, Bharadvāja questioned him further.
12.180.7
ससागरः सगगनः शशैलः सवलाहकः ।
सभूमिः साग्निपवनो लोकोऽयं केन निर्मितः ॥ १२.१८०.७ ॥
Who created this world, with its oceans, sky, mountains, clouds, earth, fire and wind?
12.180.8
कथं सृष्टानि भूतानि कथं वर्णविभक्तयः ।
शौचाशौचं कथं तेषां धर्माधर्मावथो कथम्। ॥ १२.१८०.८ ॥
How were beings created, how came the divisions of the classes, how are their purity and impurity, and how are their dharma and adharma?
12.180.9
कीदृशो जीवतां जीवः क्व वा गच्छन्ति ये मृताः ।
परलोकमिमं चापि सर्वं शंसितृमर्हसि ॥ १२.१८०.९ ॥
What kind of soul dwells in the living? Where do those who have died go? You should tell all of this, including about this other world.
12.180.10
एवं स भगवान्पृष्टो भरद्वाजेन संशयम् ।
ब्रह्मर्पिर्ब्रह्मसंकाशः सर्वं तस्मै ततोऽब्रवीत् ॥ १२.१८०.१० ॥
Thus questioned about his doubt by Bharadvāja, that venerable brahmarṣi, equal to Brahmā, then told him everything.
12.180.11
नारायणो जगन्मूर्तिरन्तरात्मा सनातनः ।
कूटस्थोऽक्षर अव्यक्तो निर्लेपो व्यापकः प्रभुः ॥ १२.१८०.११ ॥
Nārāyaṇa, whose form is the universe, the inner self, the eternal, immovable at the summit, imperishable, unmanifest, unstained, all-pervading lord.
12.180.12
प्रकृतेः परतो नित्यमिन्द्रियैरप्यगोतरः ।
स सिसृक्षुः सहस्रांशादसृजत्पुरुषं प्रभुः ॥ १२.१८०.१२ ॥
Beyond nature and ever beyond the reach of the senses, the lord, desiring to create, brought forth the Puruṣa from the thousand-rayed one.
12.180.13
मानसो नाम यः पूर्वो विश्रुतो वै महर्षिभिः ।
अनादिनिधनो देवस्तथाऽभेद्योऽदजरामरः ॥ १२.१८०.१३ ॥
The god who was of old renowned among the great seers by the name Mānasa is without beginning or end, indestructible, unborn, and undying.
12.180.14
अव्यक्त इति विख्यातः शाश्वतोऽथाक्षयोऽव्ययः ।
यतः सृष्टानि भूतानि तिष्ठन्ति च म्रियन्ति च ॥ १२.१८०.१४ ॥
Known as the Unmanifest, he is eternal, imperishable and unchanging; from him the created beings abide and also die.
12.180.15
सोऽसृजत्प्रथमं देवो महान्तं नाम नामतः ।
महान्ससर्जाहंकारं स चापि भगवानथ।
आकाशमिति विख्यातं सर्वभूतधरः प्रभुः ॥ १२.१८०.१५ ॥
That god first created the principle named Mahat; Mahat, the blessed one, in turn created Ahaṃkāra. Then the lord who bears all beings created what is known as Ākāśa, space.
12.180.16
आकाशादभवद्वारि सलिलादग्निमारुतौ ।
अग्निमारुतसंयोगात्ततः समभवन्मही ॥ १२.१८०.१६ ॥
From space came water; from water came fire and wind. From the union of fire and wind then arose the earth.
12.180.17
ततस्ते गेमयं दिव्यं पद्मं सृष्टं स्वयंभुवा ।
तस्मात्पद्मात्समभवद्ब्रह्मा वेदमयो निधिः ॥ १२.१८०.१७ ॥
Then the self-existent one created for him a divine lotus of gold; from that lotus arose Brahmā, the treasure consisting of the Vedas.
12.180.18
अहंकार इति ख्यातः सर्वभूतात्मभूतकृत् ।
ब्रह्मा वै स महातेजा य एते पञ्चधातवः ॥ १२.१८०.१८ ॥
He who is known as Ahaṃkāra, the maker of the self-nature of all beings — that very Brahmā, of great brilliance, is these five elements.
12.180.19
शैलास्तस्यास्थिसंज्ञास्तु मेदो मांसं च मेदिनी ।
समुद्रास्तस्य रुधिरमाकाशमुदरं तथा ॥ १२.१८०.१९ ॥
The mountains are called his bones, and the earth his fat and flesh. The oceans are his blood, and the sky his belly.
12.180.20
पवनश्चैव निःश्वासस्तेजोऽग्निर्निम्नगाः सिराः ।
दिवाकरश्च सोमश्च नयने तस्य विश्रुते ॥ १२.१८०.२० ॥
The wind is his breath, fire his radiance, and the rivers his veins. The sun and the moon are his famed eyes.
12.180.21
नभश्चोर्ध्वं शिरस्तस्य क्षितिः पादौ भुजौ दिशः ।
दुर्विज्ञेयो ह्यनन्तात्मा सिद्धैरपि न संशयः ॥ १२.१८०.२१ ॥
The sky above is his head, the earth his feet, and the directions his arms. That endless self is hard to know, even for the perfected ones; there is no doubt.
12.180.22
स एष भगवान्विष्णुरनन्त इति विश्रुतः ।
सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्थो दुर्विज्ञेयोऽकृतात्माभः ॥ १२.१८०.२२ ॥
This blessed Viṣṇu is renowned as the Endless, abiding as the self of all beings. He is hard to know for those whose selves are not purified.
12.180.23
अहंकारस्य यः स्रष्टा सर्वभूतोद्भवाय वै ।
यतः समभवद्विश्वं पृष्टोऽहं यदिह त्वया ॥ १२.१८०.२३ ॥
I will tell you of him who is the creator of the ego-principle, who exists for the arising of all beings, from whom this universe came forth, about whom you have asked me here.
12.180.24
गगनस्य दिशां चैव भूतलस्यानिलस्य च ।
कान्यत्र परिमाणानि संशयं छिन्धि मेऽर्थितः ॥ १२.१८०.२४ ॥
What are the measures of the sky, of the directions, of the earth, and of the wind? I ask you, cut away my doubt.
12.180.25
अनन्तमेतदाकाशं सिद्धचारणसेवितम् ।
रम्यं नानाश्रयाकीर्णं यस्यान्तो नाधिगम्यते ॥ १२.१८०.२५ ॥
This sky is boundless, frequented by siddhas and cāraṇas, delightful, filled with many abodes; its end is not found.
12.180.26
ऊर्ध्वं गतेरधस्तात्तु चन्द्रादित्यौ न दृश्यतः ।
तत्र देवाः स्वयं दीप्ताः सूर्यभासोऽग्निवर्चसः ॥ १२.१८०.२६ ॥
Below that upward course, the moon and sun are not seen. There the gods shine of themselves, with the brilliance of the sun and the lustre of fire.
12.180.27
ते चाप्यन्तं न पश्यन्ति नभसः प्रथितौजसः ।
दुर्गमत्वादनन्तत्वादिति वै विद्धि मानद ॥ १२.१८०.२७ ॥
Even those of famed power do not see the end of the sky. Know this, O giver of honour, to be so because it is hard to reach and endless.
12.180.28
उपर्युपरि तैर्देवैः प्रज्वलद्भिः स्वयंप्रभैः ।
निरुद्धमेतदाकाशमप्रमेयं सुरैरपि ॥ १२.१८०.२८ ॥
This sky is enclosed, tier upon tier, by those blazing gods who shine of themselves; it is immeasurable even to the gods.
12.180.29
पृथिव्यन्ते समुद्रास्तु समुद्रान्ते तमः स्मृतम् ।
तप्नसोऽन्ते जलं प्राहुर्जलस्यान्तेऽग्निरेव च ॥ १२.१८०.२९ ॥
At the end of the earth are the oceans; at the end of the oceans, darkness is remembered. At the end of heat they speak of water, and at the end of water, fire indeed.
12.180.30
रसातलान्ते सलिलं जलान्ते पन्नगाधिपाः ।
तदन्ते पुनराकाशमाकाशान्ते पुनर्जलम् ॥ १२.१८०.३० ॥
At the end of the netherworld is water; at the end of the waters, the lords of serpents. At its end again is the sky, and at the end of the sky again water.
12.180.31
एवमन्तं हि नभसः प्रमाणं सलिलस्य च ।
अग्निमारुतयोश्चैव दुर्ज्ञेयं दैवतैरपि ॥ १२.१८०.३१ ॥
Thus the limit of the sky and the extent of the waters, and likewise of fire and wind, is hard even for the gods to know.
12.180.32
अग्निमारुततोयानां वर्णाः क्षितितलस्य च ।
आकाशसदृशा ह्येते भिद्यन्तेऽतत्वदर्शनात् ॥ १२.१८०.३२ ॥
The appearances of fire, wind and water, and of the surface of the earth, are like the sky itself; they seem distinct only because one does not see their true nature.
12.180.33
पठन्ति चैव मुनयः शास्त्रेषु विविधेषु च ।
त्रैलोक्यसागरे चैव प्रमाणं विहितं यथा ॥ १२.१८०.३३ ॥
The sages recite this in various treatises, and the measure of the ocean of the three worlds is stated just as it is prescribed.
12.180.34
अदृश्यत्वादगम्यत्वात्कः प्रमाणमुदाहरेत् ।
सिद्धानां देवतानां च यदा परिमिता गतिः।
तदा गौणमनन्तस्य नामानन्तेति विश्रुतम् ॥ १२.१८०.३४ ॥
Since it is unseen and unreachable, who could state its measure? When even the course of the perfected beings and gods is limited, the name of the Infinite is famed as 'Ananta' only in a secondary sense.
12.180.35
नामधेयानुरूपस्य मानसस्य महात्मनः ।
यदा तु र्दिव्यं यद्रूपं ह्रसते वर्धते पुनः।
कोऽन्यस्तद्वेदितुं शक्तो योपि स्यात्तद्विधोऽपरः ॥ १२.१८०.३५ ॥
When the divine form of that great soul, born of mind and fitting to its name, wanes and then grows again, who else is able to know it, even if he were of the same kind?
12.180.36
ततः पुष्करतः सृष्टः सर्वज्ञो मूर्तिमान्प्रभुः ।
ब्रह्मा धर्ममयः पूर्वः प्रजापतिरनुत्तमः ॥ १२.१८०.३६ ॥
Then from the lotus was created Brahmā, the all-knowing embodied lord, made of dharma, the first, the unsurpassed lord of creatures.
12.180.37
पुष्कराद्यदि संभूतो ज्येष्ठं भवति पुष्करम् ।
ब्रह्माणं पूर्वजं चाह भवान्संदेह एव मे ॥ १२.१८०.३७ ॥
If he was born from the lotus, then the lotus is the elder; yet you say Brahmā was the first-born. This leaves me in doubt.
12.180.38
मानसस्येह या मूर्तिर्ब्रह्मत्वं समुपागता ।
तस्यासनविधानार्थं पृथिवी पद्ममुच्यते ॥ १२.१८०.३८ ॥
The form of Mānasa that here attained the state of Brahmā—for providing his seat, the earth is called the lotus.
12.180.39
कर्णिकां तस्य पद्मस्य मेरुर्गगमुच्छ्रितः ।
तस्य मध्ये स्थितो लोकान्सृजते जगतः प्रभुः।
मानसांश्च तथा देवान्भूतानि विविधानि च ॥ १२.१८०.३९ ॥
The pericarp of that lotus is Meru, raised up to the sky. Standing in its midst, the lord creates the worlds, the mind-born beings, the gods, and the many kinds of creatures.