Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.213
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12.213.1
चतुर्विधानि भूतानि स्थावराणि चराणि च ।
अव्यक्तप्रभवान्याहुरव्यक्तनिधनानि च।
अव्यक्तलक्षणं विद्यादव्यक्तात्मात्मकं मनः ॥ १२.२१३.१ ॥
There are four kinds of beings, the immovable and the movable. They are said to arise from the unmanifest and to dissolve into the unmanifest. One should know the mark of the unmanifest; the mind, arising from the unmanifest, has the self as its nature.
12.213.2
यथाऽश्वत्थकणीकायामन्तर्भूतो महाद्रुमः ।
निष्पन्नो दृश्यते व्यक्तमव्यक्तात्संभवस्तथा ॥ १२.२१३.२ ॥
Just as a great fig tree, hidden within its seed, is seen fully grown and manifest, so too is the origin from the unmanifest.
12.213.3
आत्मानमनुसंयाति बुद्धिरव्यक्तजा तथा ।
तामन्वेति मनो यद्वल्लोहवर्मणि सन्निधौ ॥ १२.२१३.३ ॥
Intellect, born of the unmanifest, follows the self; likewise the mind follows it, as when an iron armour is near.
12.213.4
अभिद्रवत्ययस्कान्तमयोनिश्चेतनं यथा ।
स्वभावहेतुजा भावा यद्वदन्यदपीदृशम् ॥ १२.२१३.४ ॥
Just as unconscious iron, not born from any origin, rushes toward the magnet, so too do the states born from natural causes, and other such things.
12.213.5
तद्वदव्यक्तजा भावाः कर्तुः कारणलक्षणाः ।
अचेतनाश्चेतयितुः कारणादभिसंगताः ॥ १२.२१३.५ ॥
Likewise the states born of the unmanifest, bearing the mark of the agent's cause, though unconscious, are joined through the cause of the one who perceives.
12.213.6
न भूर्न खं द्यौर्भूतानि नर्षयो न सुरासुराः ।
नान्यदासीदृते जीवमासेदुर्न तु संहतिम् ॥ १२.२१३.६ ॥
There was no earth, no space, no sky, no beings, no sages, no gods or demons; apart from the living self nothing else existed, and they did not attain union.
12.213.7
सर्वं नित्यं सर्वगतं मनोहेतुत्वलक्षणम् ।
अज्ञानकर्म निर्दिष्टमेतत्कारणलक्षणम् ॥ १२.२१३.७ ॥
All is eternal and pervasive, marked by being the cause of the mind; action born of ignorance is declared to be the mark of the cause.
12.213.8
तत्कारणेन संयुक्तं कार्यसंग्रहकारकम् ।
येनैतद्वर्तते चक्रमनादिनिधनं महत् ॥ १२.२१३.८ ॥
Joined with that cause, gathering and producing effects, by which this great wheel, without beginning or end, turns.
12.213.9
येन स्वभावसद्भावं हेतुभूता सकारणा ।
एवं प्राकृतविस्तारो ह्याश्रित्य पुरुषं परम् ॥ १२.२१३.९ ॥
By which the existence of inherent nature, as cause together with its causes, comes to be; thus the expansion of primal matter, indeed resting upon the supreme Person.
12.213.10
अव्यक्तनाभं व्यक्तारं विकारपरिमण्डलम् ।
क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितं चक्रं स्निग्धाक्षं वर्तते ध्रुवम् ॥ १२.२१३.१० ॥
With the unmanifest as its hub, manifesting, surrounded by modifications; this wheel, ruled by the knower of the field, turns firmly on its smooth axle.
12.213.11
स्निग्धत्वात्तिलवत्सर्वं चक्रेऽस्मिन्पीड्यते जगत् ।
तिलपीडैरिवाक्रम्य भोगैरज्ञानसंभवैः ॥ १२.२१३.११ ॥
Because of its oiliness, the whole world is pressed in this wheel like sesame seeds, as if seized and crushed in the sesame-press by enjoyments born of ignorance.
12.213.12
प्राणेनायं हि शान्ते तु विरोधात्प्रतिपालनम् ।
देहस्येषून्य आस्ते यः शुद्धोऽचिन्त्यः सनातनः ॥ १२.२१३.१२ ॥
Indeed this is through the breath; but when it is at rest, the body is sustained through opposition. He who is pure, unthinkable and eternal remains within the body without a lord.
12.213.13
भ्रामयन्नेषतो याति कालचक्रसमन्वितः ।
भूतानि मोहयन्नित्यं चक्रस्य च रयं गतः ॥ १२.२१३.१३ ॥
Joined with the wheel of time, it turns in a moment and goes on, ever deluding beings, having attained the speed of the wheel.
12.213.14
स्नेहद्रव्यसमायोगे क्षेत्रपाचं न वस्तुषु ।
तिलवत्पीडिते चक्रे ह्याधियन्त्रनिपीडिते।
बहिश्चाधिष्ठिते यद्वज्ज्ञानिनां कर्मसंभवम् ॥ १२.२१३.१४ ॥
As, when oily substances are combined and sesame is pressed in the wheel, no crop ripens in things, so from the pressing of the machine of mental affliction, and being governed from outside, arises the action of the wise.
12.213.15
कर्म तत्कुरुते तर्षादहंकारपरिग्रहम् ।
कार्यकारणसंयोगे स हेतुरुपपादितः ॥ १२.२१३.१५ ॥
He performs that action out of craving, embracing self-conceit; in the union of effect and cause, that is declared to be the cause.
12.213.16
यथाऽऽकर्ण्य च तच्छिष्यस्तत्वज्ञानमनुत्तमम् ।
नात्येति कारणं कार्यं न कार्यं कारणं तथा।
कार्याण्यमूनि करणे कालो भवति हेतुमान् ॥ १२.२१३.१६ ॥
Having heard that supreme knowledge of reality, the disciple understands: the cause does not transgress the effect, nor does the effect become the cause; likewise these effects lie in the instrument; time alone becomes the cause.
12.213.17
हेतुयुक्ताः प्रकृतयो विकाराश्च परस्परम् ।
अन्योन्यमभिवर्तन्ते पुरुषाधिष्ठिताः सदा ॥ १२.२१३.१७ ॥
Natures joined to causes, and their modifications, turn toward one another; they are always governed by the Puruṣa.
12.213.18
सत्वरजस्तामसैर्भावैश्च्युतो हेतुबलान्वितः ।
क्षेत्रज्ञमेवानयाति पांसुर्वातेरितो यथा ॥ १२.२१३.१८ ॥
Fallen from the states of goodness, passion and darkness, endowed with the power of causes, he reaches the knower of the field alone, like dust driven by the wind.
12.213.19
न च तैः स्पृश्यते भावैर्न ते तेन महात्मना ।
सरजस्कोऽरजस्कश्च स वै वायुर्भवेद्यथा ॥ १२.२१३.१९ ॥
He is not touched by those states, nor is he touched by that great-souled one. Whether with dust or without dust, that wind remains wind.
12.213.20
तथैतदन्तरं विद्यात्सत्वक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्बुधः ।
अभ्यासात्स तथा युक्तो न गच्छेत्प्रकृतिं पुनः ॥ १२.२१३.२० ॥
Thus should the wise one know the difference between sattva and the knower of the field. United in this way through practice, he does not return again to nature.
12.213.21
संदेहमेतमुत्पन्नमच्छिनद्भगवानृषिः ।
तथा वार्तां समीक्षेत कृतलक्षणसंविदम् ॥ १२.२१३.२१ ॥
This doubt that had arisen the venerable sage cut away. Likewise, that account, which has its marks and its knowledge, should be examined.
12.213.22
बीजान्यग्न्युपदग्धानि नरो हन्ति यथा पुनः ।
ज्ञानदग्धैस्तथा क्लेशैर्नात्मा संपद्यते पुनः ॥ १२.२१३.२२ ॥
As a man destroys seeds that have been burned by fire so that they do not sprout again, so the self, with its afflictions burned by knowledge, is not reborn again.