Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.216
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12.216.1
अत्रोपायं प्रवक्ष्यामि यथावच्छास्त्रचक्षुषा ।
तत्त्वज्ञानाच्चरन्राजन्प्राप्नुयात्परमां गतिम् ॥ १२.२१६.१ ॥
Here I shall declare the means, rightly, with the eye of scripture. O king, one who conducts himself by knowledge of reality attains the supreme goal.
12.216.2
सर्वेषामेव भूतानां पुरुषः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते ।
पुरुषेभ्यो द्विजानाहुर्द्विजेभ्यो मन्त्रदर्शिनः ॥ १२.२१६.२ ॥
Among all beings, the man is said to be the best. Among men, they say, the twice-born; among the twice-born, the seers of the sacred verses.
12.216.3
सर्वभूतात्मभूतास्ते सर्वज्ञाः सर्वदर्शिनः ।
ब्राह्मणा वेदशास्त्रज्ञास्तत्त्वार्थगतनिश्चयाः ॥ १२.२१६.३ ॥
They are the self of all beings, knowers of all, seers of all: brahmins who know the Veda and the scriptures, resolved in the meaning of reality.
12.216.4
नेत्रहीनो यथा ह्येकः कृच्छ्राणि लभतेऽध्वनि ।
ज्ञानहीनस्तथा लोके तस्माज्ज्ञानविदोऽधिकाः ॥ १२.२१६.४ ॥
As a man without eyes meets hardships on the road, so in the world a man without knowledge does. Therefore the knowers of knowledge are superior.
12.216.5
तांस्तानुपासते धर्मान्धर्मकामा यथागमम् ।
न त्वेषामर्थसामान्यमन्तरेण गुणानिमान् ॥ १२.२१६.५ ॥
Those desirous of dharma follow those various observances according to scripture; but without the common meaning of them, these qualities are not (attained).
12.216.6
वाग्देहमनसां शौचं क्षमा सत्यं धृतिः स्मृतिः ।
सर्वधर्मेषु धर्मज्ञा ज्ञापयन्ति गुणाञ्छुभान् ॥ १२.२१६.६ ॥
Purity of speech, body and mind, forbearance, truth, steadfastness and mindfulness: in all duties, the knowers of dharma make known these auspicious qualities.
12.216.7
यदिदं ब्रह्मणो रूपं ब्रह्मंचर्यमिति स्मृतम् ।
परं तत्सर्वधर्मेभ्यस्तेन यान्ति परां गतिम् ॥ १२.२१६.७ ॥
This celibate discipline, declared to be the very form of Brahman, is supreme above all duties; by it people reach the highest goal.
12.216.8
लिङ्गसंयोगहीनं यच्छब्दस्पर्शविवर्जितम् ।
श्रोत्रेण श्रवणं चैव चक्षुषा चैव दर्शनम् ॥ १२.२१६.८ ॥
That which is free from sexual union and devoid of sound and touch is also hearing with the ear and seeing with the eye.
12.216.9
वाक्संभाषाप्रवृत्तं यत्तन्मनः परिवर्जितम् ।
बुद्ध्या चाध्यवसीयीत ब्रह्मचर्यमकल्मषम् ॥ १२.२१६.९ ॥
The mind that is absorbed in speech and conversation should be abandoned; and by the intellect one should resolve upon stainless celibate discipline.
12.216.10
सम्यग्वृत्तिर्ब्रह्मलोकं प्राप्नुयान्मध्यमः सुरान् ।
द्विजाग्र्यो जायते विद्वान्कन्यसीं वृत्तिमास्थितः ॥ १२.२१६.१० ॥
One of right conduct should attain the world of Brahmā; the middling one reaches the gods; the foremost of the twice-born is born learned, having taken up the most excellent conduct.
12.216.11
सुदुष्करं ब्रह्मचर्यमुपायं तत्र मे शृणु ।
संप्रदीप्तमुदीर्णं च निगृह्णीयाद्द्विजो मनः ॥ १२.२१६.११ ॥
Celibate discipline is very difficult; hear from me its means. The twice-born should restrain the mind when it blazes up and rises.
12.216.12
योषितां न कथा श्राव्या न निरीक्ष्या निरम्बराः ।
कथंचिद्दर्शनादासां दुर्बलानां विशेद्रजः ॥ १२.२१६.१२ ॥
The talk of women should not be heard, and naked women should not be looked upon; by seeing them in any way, passion enters the weak.
12.216.13
रागोत्पन्नश्चेरत्कृच्छ्रमह्नस्त्रिः प्रविशेदपः ।
मग्नस्त्वप्स्वेव मनसा त्रिर्जपेदघमर्षणम् ॥ १२.२१६.१३ ॥
If it arises from desire, one should enter the waters three times during the day, and, immersed in the water, recite the Aghamarṣaṇa three times with the mind.
12.216.14
पाप्मानं निर्दहेदेवमन्तर्भूतरजोमयम् ।
ज्ञानयुक्तेन मनसा संततेन विचक्षणः ॥ १२.२१६.१४ ॥
Thus the discerning one should burn away the sin made of passion lying within, with a mind joined to knowledge and unceasing.
12.216.15
कुणपामेध्यसंयुक्तं यद्वदच्छिद्रबन्धनम् ।
तद्वद्देहगतं विद्यादात्मानं देहबन्धनम् ॥ १२.२१६.१५ ॥
As a bond without holes, joined with a corpse and impurity, so one should know the self dwelling in the body as the bond of the body.
12.216.16
अमेध्यपूर्णं यद्भाण्डं श्लेष्मान्तकलिलावृतम् ।
नेच्छते वीक्षितुं भाण्डं कुतः स्प्रष्टुं प्रवर्तते ॥ १२.२१६.१६ ॥
A vessel full of impurity, covered with phlegm and filth, one does not even wish to look at; how then would one proceed to touch it?
12.216.17
देहभाण्डं मलैः पूर्णं बहिः स्वेदजलावृतम् ।
बीभत्सं नरनारीणां ज्ञानिनां नरकं मतम् ॥ १२.२१६.१७ ॥
The body-vessel, full of filth and covered outside with sweat and water, is loathsome; this body of men and women is considered by the wise to be hell.
12.216.18
छिद्रकुम्भो यथा स्रावं सृजते तद्गतं दृढम् ।
अन्तस्यं स्रंसते तद्वज्जलं देहेषु देहिनाम् ॥ १२.२१६.१८ ॥
As a pot with a hole lets out the water held firmly within, so the inner water flows out through the bodies of embodied beings.
12.216.19
श्लेष्माश्रुमूत्रकलिलं पुरीषं शुक्लमेव च ।
कफजालविनिर्यासः सरसश्चित्त मुञ्चय ॥ १२.२१६.१९ ॥
Phlegm, tears, urine, sediment, excrement, and semen, and the fluid flowing from the network of phlegm — O mind, release them.
12.216.20
वातपित्तकफान्रक्तं त्वङ्भांसं स्नायुमस्थि च ।
मज्जां देहं सिराजालैस्तर्पयन्ति रसा नृणाम् ॥ १२.२१६.२० ॥
Wind, bile and phlegm, blood, skin, flesh, sinew, bone and marrow — the fluids nourish the body of men through the network of veins.
12.216.21
दश विद्याद्धमन्योऽत्र पञ्चेन्द्रियगुणावहाः ।
याभिः सूक्ष्माः प्रजायन्ते धमन्योऽन्याः सहस्रशः ॥ १२.२१६.२१ ॥
Know that there are ten main vessels here, which carry the qualities of the five senses, and from which thousands of subtle vessels arise.
12.216.22
एवमेताः सिरा नद्यो रसोदा देहसागरम् ।
तर्पयन्ति यथाकालमापगा इव सागरम् ॥ १२.२१६.२२ ॥
Thus these veins are rivers carrying fluid, which satisfy the ocean of the body in due time, as rivers fill the sea.
12.216.23
मध्ये च हृदयस्यैका सिरा तत्र मनोवहा ।
शुक्रं संकल्पजं नॄणां सर्वगात्रैर्विमुञ्चति ॥ १२.२१६.२३ ॥
In the middle of the heart is one vein, which carries the mind; from it the semen born of intention is released through all the limbs of men.
12.216.24
सर्वगात्रप्रतायिन्यस्तस्या ह्यनुगताः सिराः ।
नेत्रयोः प्रतिपद्यन्ते वहन्त्यस्तैजसं गुणम् ॥ १२.२१६.२४ ॥
Veins that spread through all the limbs and follow it reach the eyes; they carry the quality of fire.
12.216.25
पयस्यन्तर्हितं सर्पिर्यद्वन्निर्मथ्यते खजैः ।
शुक्रं निर्मथ्यते तद्वद्देहसंकल्पजैः खजैः ॥ १२.२१६.२५ ॥
As ghee hidden in milk is churned out by the channels, so semen is churned out by the channels born of the body's intention.
12.216.26
स्वप्नेऽप्येवं यथाऽभ्येति मनः संकल्पजं रजः ।
शुक्रमस्पर्शजं देहात्सृजन्त्यस्य मनोवहाः ॥ १२.२१६.२६ ॥
Even in a dream, just as passion born of the mind's resolve arises, so his mind-bearing channels release from the body the semen produced without touch.
12.216.27
महर्षिर्भगवानत्रिर्वेद तच्छ्रुक्रसंभवम् ।
नृबीजमिन्द्रदैवत्यं तस्मादिन्द्रियमुच्यते ॥ १२.२१६.२७ ॥
The great sage, the blessed Atri, knew that origin from semen. The human seed has Indra as its deity; therefore it is called indriya.
12.216.28
ये वै शुक्रगतिं विद्युर्भूतसंकरकारिकाम् ।
विरागा दग्धदोषास्ते नाप्नुयुर्देहसंभवम् ॥ १२.२१६.२८ ॥
Those who know the course of semen, which causes the mixing of beings, becoming free from passion with their faults burnt away, do not attain birth in a body.
12.216.29
गुणानां साम्यमागम्य मनसैव मनोवहम् ।
देहकर्म नुदन्प्राणानन्तकाले विमुच्यते ॥ १२.२१६.२९ ॥
Having attained the equilibrium of the qualities, driving away by the mind alone the mind-bearing channel, the bodily acts and the vital breaths, he is released at the time of death.
12.216.30
भविता मनसो ज्ञानं मन एव प्रजायते ।
ज्योतिष्मद्विरजो नित्यं मन्त्रसिद्धं महात्मनाम् ॥ १२.२१६.३० ॥
There will be knowledge of the mind; the mind itself arises. The mind of the great souls is luminous, free from passion, and always accomplished through mantra.
12.216.31
तस्मात्तदभिघाताय कर्म कुर्यादकल्मषम् ।
देहबीजं समुत्पन्नमस्मित्कर्मणि विद्यते ॥ १२.२१६.३१ ॥
Therefore one should perform stainless action for its destruction; in this action the seed of the body, having arisen, remains.
12.216.32
न स्मरेन्न प्रयुञ्जीत ज्ञानी तत्कर्म बुद्धिमान् ।
रजस्तमश्च हित्वेह न तिर्यग्गतिमाप्नुयात् ॥ १२.२१६.३२ ॥
The wise man of knowledge should neither remember nor practise that action; having abandoned passion and darkness here, he does not attain a lower, animal rebirth.
12.216.33
तरुणाधिगतं ज्ञानं जरादुर्बलतां गतम् ।
विपक्वबुद्धिः कालेन आदत्ते मानसं बलम् ॥ १२.२१६.३३ ॥
Knowledge gained in youth comes to the weakness of old age; one whose intellect has ripened in time takes up the strength of the mind.
12.216.34
एव पुत्रकलत्रेषु ज्ञातिसंबन्धिबन्धुषु ।
आदत्ते हृदये कामं व्याध्यादिभिरभिप्लुतः ॥ १२.२१६.३४ ॥
Thus, in the heart, he takes up desire for sons and wife, for kinsmen, relatives and friends, overwhelmed by disease and the like.
12.216.35
यतस्ततः परिपतन्नविन्दन्सुखमण्वपि ।
बहुदुःखसमापन्नः पश्चान्निर्वेदमास्थितः।
ज्ञानवृक्षं समाश्रित्य पश्चान्निर्वृतिमश्नुते ॥ १२.२१६.३५ ॥
Wandering here and there, finding not even a little happiness, overtaken by much suffering, he afterwards takes up dispassion; having taken refuge in the tree of knowledge, he afterwards attains tranquillity.
12.216.36
सुदुर्गमिव पन्थानमतीत्य गुणबन्धनम् ।
यथा पश्येत्तथा दोषानतीत्यामृतमश्नुते ॥ १२.२१६.३६ ॥
Having passed beyond the bond of the qualities, like a very difficult road; as he sees the faults, so, having passed beyond them, he attains immortality.