Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.319
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12.319.1
एते प्रधानस्य गुणास्त्रयः पुरुषसत्तम ।
कृत्स्नस्य चैव जगतस्तिष्ठन्त्यनपगाः सदा ॥ १२.३१९.१ ॥
O best of men, these three qualities of the primary principle always abide in the whole world and never depart from it.
12.319.2
अव्यक्तरूपो भगवाञ्शतधा च सहस्रधा ।
शतधा सहस्रधा चैव तथा शतसहस्रधा ॥ १२.३१९.२ ॥
The blessed Lord, whose form is unmanifest, appears in a hundred ways and in a thousand ways, and likewise in a hundred thousand ways.
12.319.3
कोटिशश्च करोत्येव प्रकृत्याऽऽत्मानमात्मना ।
सात्विकरणोत्तमं स्थानं राजसस्येह मध्यमम् ॥ १२.३१९.३ ॥
By his own nature he makes himself into tens of millions of forms; here the place of the sattvic is the highest, and the place of the rajasic is the middling.
12.319.4
तामसस्वाधमं स्थानं प्राहुरध्यात्मचिन्तकाः ।
केवलेनेह पुण्येन भतिभूर्ध्वामवाप्नुयात् ॥ १२.३१९.४ ॥
Those who reflect on the inner self call the tamasic state the lowest; by merit alone one may attain the upward course.
12.319.5
पुण्यपापेन मानुष्यमधर्मेणाप्यघोगतिम् ।
द्वन्द्वनेषां त्रयाणां तु सन्निपातं च तत्वतः ॥ १२.३१९.५ ॥
Through merit and sin one attains human birth, and through unrighteousness a sinful course; and the meeting of the pairs of these three is to be understood truly.
12.319.6
सत्वस्य रजसश्चैव तमसश्च शृणुष्व मे ।
सत्वस्य तु रजो दृष्टं रजसश्च तमस्तथा ॥ १२.३१९.६ ॥
Hear from me the nature of sattva, rajas and tamas. In sattva rajas is seen, and in rajas likewise tamas is seen.
12.319.7
तमसश्च तथा सत्वं सत्वस्याव्यक्तमेव च ।
अध्यक्तः सत्वसंयुक्तो देवलोकमयाप्नुयात् ॥ १२.३१९.७ ॥
From tamas, and likewise from sattva, and the unmanifest of sattva as well; the unmanifest one joined with sattva attains the world of the gods.
12.319.8
रवासत्वसमायुक्तो मानुषेषु प्रपद्यते ।
रसस्तमोभ्यां संयुक्तस्तिर्यग्योनिषु जायते ॥ १२.३१९.८ ॥
Joined with rajas and sattva, he is born among humans; joined with rajas and tamas, he is born in the animal wombs.
12.319.9
राजसैस्तामसैः सत्वैर्युक्तो मानुषमाप्नुयात् ।
पुण्यपापवियुक्तानां स्थानमाहुर्महात्मनाम् ॥ १२.३१९.९ ॥
Joined with the rajasic, tamasic and sattvic qualities, he attains human birth; the abode of the great-souled ones who are free from merit and sin is said to be this.
12.319.10
शाश्वतं चाव्ययं चैवमक्षयं चामृतं च तत् ।
ज्ञानिनां संभवं श्रेष्ठं स्थानमव्रणमच्युतम्।
अतीन्द्रियमबीजं च जन्ममृत्युतमोनुदम् ॥ १२.३१९.१० ॥
It is eternal, imperishable, inexhaustible and immortal; the highest origin and abode of the knowers, unwounded and unfallen, beyond the senses, seedless, dispelling the darkness of birth and death.
12.319.11
अव्यक्तस्थं परं यत्तत्पृष्टस्तेऽहं नराधिप ।
स एव प्रकृतिस्थो हि तत्स्थ इत्यभिधीयते ॥ १२.३१९.११ ॥
The supreme that abides in the unmanifest — concerning which you asked me, O lord of men, I tell you: he himself is said to abide in prakṛti, and to abide in it.
12.319.12
अचेतना चैव मता प्रकृतिश्चापि पार्थिव ।
एतेनाधिष्ठिता चैव सृजते संहरत्यपि ॥ १२.३१९.१२ ॥
O king, prakṛti too is held to be non-conscious; ruled by him, it creates and also withdraws.
12.319.13
अनादिनिधनावेतावुभावेव महामते ।
अमूर्तिमन्तावचलावप्रकम्प्यगुणागुणौ ॥ १२.३१९.१३ ॥
O great-minded one, these two are without beginning and without end; formless, unmoving, unshakable, both with qualities and without qualities.
12.319.14
अग्राह्यावृषिशार्दूल कथमेको ह्यचेतनः ।
चेतनावांस्तथा चैकः क्षेत्रज्ञ इति भाषितः ॥ १२.३१९.१४ ॥
O tiger among sages, how is one of these, which cannot be grasped, unconscious, while the other is said to be conscious and the knower of the field?
12.319.15
त्वं हि विप्रेन्द्र कार्त्स्न्येन र्मोक्षधर्ममुपाससे ।
साकल्पं मोक्षधर्मस्य श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ॥ १२.३१९.१५ ॥
O lord of brahmins, you practise the teaching of liberation in its entirety. I wish to hear the complete account of the teaching of liberation, truly.
12.319.16
निस्तत्वं केवलत्वं च विनाभावं तथैव च ।
दैवतानि च मे ब्रूहि देहं यान्याश्रितानि वै ॥ १२.३१९.१६ ॥
Tell me of the absence of essence, of isolation, and likewise of non-existence, and also the deities that dwell in the body.
12.319.17
तथैवोत्क्राणिणः स्थानं देहिनो वै विपद्यतः ।
कालेन यद्धि प्राप्नोति स्थानं तत्प्रब्रवीहि मे ॥ १२.३१९.१७ ॥
Likewise, tell me the place of departure of the embodied being who is dying, and the place that he attains in time.
12.319.18
साङ्ख्यज्ञानं च तत्त्वेन पृथग्योगं तथैव च ।
अरिष्टानि च तत्त्वानि वक्तुमर्हसि सत्तम।
विदितं सर्वमेतत्ते पाणावामलकं यथा ॥ १२.३१९.१८ ॥
Explain truly the knowledge of Sāṅkhya and the separate yoga; it befits you, O best of the good, to speak of the omens of death and the principles. All this is known to you as clearly as the myrobalan fruit in the palm of the hand.