Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.361

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12.361.1

शृणु पुत्र यथाह्येष पुरुषः शाश्वतोऽव्ययः ।
अक्षयश्चाप्रमेयश्च सर्वगश्च निरुच्यते ॥ १२.३६१.१ ॥

Listen, son: this Person, as has been said, is called eternal, imperishable, undecaying, immeasurable, and all-pervading.

12.361.2

न स शक्यस्त्वया द्रष्टुं मयाऽन्यैर्वाऽपि सत्तम ।
सगुणैर्निर्गुणैर्विश्वो ज्ञानदृश्यो ह्यसौ स्मृतः ॥ १२.३६१.२ ॥

O best of the good, he cannot be seen by you, nor by me, nor by others. Whether with qualities or without, he is the universe, and he is held to be visible only through knowledge.

12.361.3

अशरीरः शरीरेषु सर्वेषु निवसत्यसौ ।
वसन्नपि शरीरेषु न स लिप्यति कर्मभिः ॥ १२.३६१.३ ॥

Though bodiless, he dwells in all bodies; and though dwelling in bodies, he is not tainted by actions.

12.361.4

ममान्तरात्मा तव च ये चान्ये देहसंज्ञिताः ।
सर्वेषां साक्षिभूतोऽसौ न ग्राह्यः केनचिक्वचित् ॥ १२.३६१.४ ॥

He is the inner self of me, of you, and of all others called by the name of body; he is the witness of all. He cannot be grasped by anyone, anywhere.

12.361.5

विश्वमूर्धा विश्वभुजो विश्वपादाक्षिनासिकः ।
एकश्चरति क्षेत्रेषु स्वैरचारी यथासुखम् ॥ १२.३६१.५ ॥

Whose head is everywhere, whose arms are everywhere, whose feet, eyes and nose are everywhere — he alone moves through the fields, roaming at will as he pleases.

12.361.6

क्षेत्राणि हि शरीराणि बीजं चापि शुभाशुभम् ।
तानि वेत्ति स योगात्मा ततः क्षेत्रज्ञ उच्यते ॥ १२.३६१.६ ॥

Bodies indeed are the fields, and good and evil deeds are the seed. He who knows them, whose self is yoga, is therefore called the knower of the field.

12.361.7

नागतिर्न गतिस्तस्य ज्ञेया भूतेषु केनचित् ।
साङ्ख्येन विधिना चैव योगेन च यथाक्रमम् ॥ १२.३६१.७ ॥

Neither coming nor going is his; by no one among beings can he be known. He is known in due order by the method of Sāṅkhya and by yoga.

12.361.8

चिन्तयामि गतिं चास्य न गतिं वेद्मि चोत्तराम् ।
यथाज्ञानं तु वक्ष्यामि पुरुषं तु सनातनम् ॥ १२.३६१.८ ॥

I consider his path, yet I do not know his higher path. Nevertheless, according to my understanding, I shall speak of the eternal Puruṣa.

12.361.9

तस्यैकत्वं महत्त्वं च स चैकः पुरुषः स्मृतः ।
महापुरुषशब्दं स बिभर्त्येकः सनातनः ॥ १२.३६१.९ ॥

His oneness and greatness are such that he is remembered as the one Puruṣa. The single eternal one alone bears the name 'Great Puruṣa'.

12.361.10

स्तं निर्गुणं पुरुषं चाविशन्ति ॥ १२.३६१.१० ॥

Praised, they enter the qualityless Puruṣa.

12.361.11

हित्वा गुणमयं सर्वं कर्मं हित्वा शुभाशुभम् ।
उभे सत्यानृते त्यक्त्वा एवं भवति निर्गुणः ॥ १२.३६१.११ ॥

Having abandoned all actions made of the qualities, having abandoned good and evil, having given up both truth and falsehood — thus one becomes without qualities.

12.361.12

अचिन्त्यं चापि तं ज्ञात्वा भावसूक्ष्मं चतुष्टयम् ।
विचरेद्योऽसमुन्नद्धः स गच्छेत्पुरुषं शुभम् ॥ १२.३६१.१२ ॥

Knowing him to be unthinkable, and knowing the subtle fourfold state of being, he who moves about unpuffed up attains the auspicious Puruṣa.

12.361.13

एकं हि परमात्मानं केचिदिच्छन्ति पण्डिताः ।
एकात्मानं तथाऽऽत्मानमपरेध्यात्मचिन्तकाः ॥ १२.३६१.१३ ॥

Some wise men hold that the one supreme self is one; others call it the one self, and those who reflect on the inner self call it the self.

12.361.14

तत्र यः परमात्मा हि स नित्यो निर्गुणः स्मृतः ।
स हि नारायणो ज्ञेयः सर्वात्मा पुरुषो हि सः ॥ १२.३६१.१४ ॥

Among them, the supreme self is held to be eternal and without qualities. He is to be known as Nārāyaṇa; he is the Person, the self of all.

12.361.15

न लिप्यते फलैश्चापि पद्मपत्रमिवाम्भसा ।
कर्मात्मा त्वपरो योसौ मोक्षबन्धैः स युज्यते ॥ १२.३६१.१५ ॥

As a lotus leaf is not wetted by water, he is not affected by the fruits; but the other, the self of action, is joined to liberation and bondage.

12.361.16

ससप्तदशकेनापि राशिना युज्यते च सः ।
एवं बहुविधः प्रोक्तः पुरुषस्ते यथाक्रमम् ॥ १२.३६१.१६ ॥

He is also joined with the seventeenth group. Thus the many forms of the Person have been declared to you in due order.

12.361.17

यत्तत्कृत्स्नं लोकतन्त्रस्य धाम ।
वेद्यं परं बोधनीयं च वेदैः।
मन्ता मन्तव्यं प्राशिता प्राशनीयं ।
घ्राता घ्रेयं स्पर्शिता स्पर्शनीयम् ॥ १२.३६१.१७ ॥

That which is the whole abode of the order of the worlds, the supreme thing to be known and to be made known through the Vedas: the thinker and the thing thought, the eater and the thing eaten, the smeller and the thing smelled, the toucher and the thing touched.

12.361.18

द्रष्टा द्रष्टव्यं श्राविता श्रावणीयं ।
ज्ञाता ज्ञेयं सगुणं निर्गुणं च।
यद्वै प्रोक्तं तात सम्यक्प्रधानं ।
नित्यं चैतच्छाश्वतं चाव्ययं च ॥ १२.३६१.१८ ॥

The seer and the thing to be seen, the hearer and the thing to be heard, the knower and the thing to be known, with qualities and without qualities. Dear son, that which has been rightly declared as the principal is eternal, perpetual and imperishable.