Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 13.139
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13.139.1
तथा विधौ प्रवृत्ते तु सर्व एव महर्षयः ।
पितृयज्ञानकुर्वन्त विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥ १३.१३९.१ ॥
When this rule had taken hold, all the great sages performed the rites for the ancestors through the action prescribed by the rule.
13.139.2
ऋषयो धर्मनित्यास्तु कृत्वा निवपनान्युत ।
तर्पणं चापि कुर्वन्त तीर्थांभोभिर्यतव्रताः ॥ १३.१३९.२ ॥
The sages, ever steadfast in dharma, offered the nivāpa oblations and also made libations with the water of sacred fords, their vows restrained.
13.139.3
निवापैर्दीयमानैश्च चातुर्वर्ण्येन भारत ।
तर्पिताः पितरो देवास्तत्रान्नं जरयन्ति वै ॥ १३.१३९.३ ॥
O Bhārata, the ancestors and the gods, satisfied by the nivāpa offerings given by people of all four classes, there digest the food.
13.139.4
अजीर्णैस्त्वभिहन्यन्ते ते देवाः पितृभिः सह ।
सोममेवाभ्यपद्यन्त तदा ह्यन्नाभिपीडिताः ॥ १३.१३९.४ ॥
Afflicted by indigestion, those gods together with the ancestors went to Soma alone, for they were then troubled by the food.
13.139.5
तेऽब्रुवन्सोममासाद्य पितरोऽजीर्णपीडिताः ।
निवापान्नेन पीड्यामः श्रेयो नोत्र विधीयताम् ॥ १३.१३९.५ ॥
Afflicted by indigestion, the ancestors approached Soma and said: "We are troubled by the food of the nivāpa offerings; let some welfare be ordained here."
13.139.6
तान्सोमः प्रत्युवाचाथ श्रेयश्चेदीप्सितं सुराः ।
स्वयंभूसदनं यात स वः श्रेयोऽभिधास्यति ॥ १३.१३९.६ ॥
Then Soma answered them: "Gods, if you desire welfare, go to the abode of Svayambhū; he will declare welfare to you."
13.139.7
ते सोमवचनाद्देवाः पितृभिः सह भारत ।
मेरुशृङ्गे समासीनं पितामहमुपागमन् ॥ १३.१३९.७ ॥
At Soma's word, O Bhārata, the gods together with the ancestors approached the Grandfather, who was seated on the peak of Meru.
13.139.8
निवापान्नेन भगवन्भृशं पीड्यामहे वयम् ।
प्रसादं कुरु नो देव श्रेयो नः संविधीयताम् ॥ १३.१३९.८ ॥
O Revered Lord, we are greatly afflicted by the food of the ancestral offering. O god, show us grace; let our welfare be arranged.
13.139.9
इति तेषां वचः श्रुत्वा स्वयम्भूरिदमब्रवीत् ।
एष मे पार्श्वतो वह्निर्युष्मच्छ्रेयो विधास्यति। ॥ १३.१३९.९ ॥
Having heard their words, the Self-born said: 'This fire beside me will accomplish your welfare.'
13.139.10
सहितास्तस्य भोक्ष्यामो निवापे समुपस्थिते ।
जरयिष्यथ चाप्यन्नं मया सार्धं न संशयः ॥ १३.१३९.१० ॥
When the ancestral offering comes, we shall eat together with him; and you too will digest the food along with me, without doubt.
13.139.11
एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु पितरस्ततस्ते विज्वराऽभवन् ।
एतस्मात्कारणाच्चाग्नेः प्राग्भागो दीयते नृप ॥ १३.१३९.११ ॥
Having heard this, the ancestors were freed from their fever. For this reason, O king, the first portion is offered to Agni.
13.139.12
निवापे चाग्निपूर्वं वै निवृत्ते पुरुषर्षभ ।
न ब्रह्मराक्षसास्तं वै निवापं धर्षयन्त्युत ॥ १३.१३९.१२ ॥
O bull among men, when the ancestral offering, beginning with fire, is completed, the brahma-rākṣasas do not assail that offering.
13.139.13
रक्षांसि नाभिवर्धन्ते स्थिते देवे हुताशने ।
पूर्वं पिण्डं पितुर्दद्यात्ततो दद्यात्पितामहे ॥ १३.१३९.१३ ॥
When the god Agni stands in the sacrificial fire, the demons do not grow strong. One should first offer the piṇḍa to the father, and then give it to the grandfather.
13.139.14
प्रपितामहाय च तत एष श्राद्धविधिः स्मृतः ।
ब्रूयाच्छ्राद्धे च सावित्रीं पिण्डे पिण्डे समाहितः।
सोमायेति च वक्तव्यं तथा पितृमतेति च ॥ १३.१३९.१४ ॥
Then one should give it to the great-grandfather. This is declared to be the procedure of the śrāddha. In the śrāddha, with a composed mind, one should recite the Sāvitrī verse at each piṇḍa, and should also say 'to Soma' and likewise 'with the fathers'.
13.139.15
रजस्वला च या नारी व्यङ्गिता कर्णयोश्च या ।
निवापे नोपतिष्ठेत सङ्ग्राह्या नान्यवंशजा ॥ १३.१३९.१५ ॥
A woman who is menstruating, or one with a defect in her ears, should not attend the offering. A woman born of another lineage should not be accepted either.
13.139.16
जलं प्रतरमाणस्च कीर्तयेत पितामहान् ।
नदीमासाद्य कुर्वीत पितॄणां पितृतर्पणम् ॥ १३.१३९.१६ ॥
While crossing water, one should recite the names of the grandfathers. Having reached a river, one should perform the libation for the fathers.
13.139.17
पूर्वं स्ववंशजानां तु कृत्वा।द्भिस्तर्पणं पुनः ।
सुहृत्सम्बन्धिवर्गाणां ततो दद्याज्जलाञ्जलिम् ॥ १३.१३९.१७ ॥
First, having performed the water libation for those born in one's own lineage, one should then offer handfuls of water to the group of friends and relatives.
13.139.18
कल्माषगोयुगेनाथ युक्तेन तरतो जलम् ।
पितरोऽभिलषन्ते वै नावं चाप्यधिरोहिताः ॥ १३.१३९.१८ ॥
The fathers desire the one who crosses the water yoked with a pair of spotted cows, and they also desire the one who has mounted a boat.
13.139.19
सदा नावि जलं तज्ज्ञाः प्रयच्छन्ति समाहिताः ।
मासार्धे कृष्णपक्षस्य कुर्यान्निर्वपणानि वै ॥ १३.१३९.१९ ॥
Always, in the boat, those who know the rite offer water with composed minds; in the half-month of the dark fortnight one should indeed perform the nirvapaṇas.
13.139.20
पुष्टिरायुस्तथा वीर्यं श्रीश्चैव पितृभक्तितः ॥ १३.१३९.२० ॥
Through devotion to the ancestors come nourishment, long life, vigour, and fortune as well.
13.139.21
पितामहः पुलस्त्यश्च वसिष्ठः पुलहस्तथा ।
अङ्गिराश्च क्रतुश्चैव कश्यपश्च महानृषिः। ॥ १३.१३९.२१ ॥
Grandfather, Pulastya, Vasiṣṭha, Pulaha, Aṅgiras, Kratu, and the great sage Kaśyapa.
13.139.22
एते कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ महायोगेश्वराः स्मृताः ।
एते च पितरो राजन्नेष श्राद्धविधिः परः। ॥ १३.१३९.२२ ॥
These, best of the Kuru line, are remembered as the great lords of yoga; and these, O king, are the ancestors. This is the supreme rite of śrāddha.
13.139.23
प्रेतास्तु पिण्डसम्बन्धान्मुच्यन्ते तेन कर्मणा ।
इत्येषा पुरुषश्रेष्ठ श्राद्धोत्पत्तिर्यथागमम्। ॥ १३.१३९.२३ ॥
But the departed are freed by that rite through their connection with the piṇḍa offering. Thus, best of men, is the origin of śrāddha set out as the tradition teaches.
13.139.24
व्याख्याता पूर्वनिर्दिष्टा किं ते वक्ष्याम्यतः परम् ॥ १३.१३९.२४ ॥
This, already indicated before, has been explained. What more shall I tell you beyond this?