Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 5.109
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5.109.1
इयं विवस्वदा पूर्वं श्रौतेन विधिना किल ।
गुरवे दक्षिणा दत्ता दक्षिणेत्युच्यते च दिक् ॥ ५.१०९.१ ॥
Formerly Vivasvat (the sun), according to the Vedic rite, gave this dakṣiṇā to the teacher; therefore this direction is called the south.
5.109.2
अत्र लोकत्रयस्यास्य पितृपक्षः प्रतिष्ठितः ।
अत्रोष्मपाणां देवानां निवासः श्रूयते द्विज ॥ ५.१०९.२ ॥
Here the ancestral side of these three worlds is established; and here, O twice-born, is heard to be the abode of the ushmapa gods.
5.109.3
अत्र विश्वे सदा देवाः पितृभिः सार्धमासते ।
इज्यमानाः स्म लोकेषु संप्राप्तास्तुल्यभागताम् ॥ ५.१०९.३ ॥
Here the Viśvedevas always dwell together with the ancestors; worshipped among the worlds, they have attained an equal share.
5.109.4
एतद्द्वितीयं देवस्य द्वारमाचक्षते द्विज ।
त्रुटिशो लवशश्चापि गण्यते कालनिश्चयः ॥ ५.१०९.४ ॥
This is called the second gate of the god, O twice-born; the determination of time is reckoned even by truṭis and lavas.
5.109.5
अत्र देवर्षयो नित्यं पितृलोकर्षयस्तथा ।
तथा राजर्षयः सर्वे निवसन्ति गतव्यथाः ॥ ५.१०९.५ ॥
Here the divine sages always dwell, likewise the sages of the ancestral world; and all the royal sages dwell here, free from sorrow.
5.109.6
अत्र धर्मश्च सत्यं च कर्म चात्र निगद्यते ।
गतिरेषा द्विजश्रेष्ठ कर्मणामवसायिनाम् ॥ ५.१०९.६ ॥
Here dharma and truth and action are also declared; this, O best of the twice-born, is the destination of those who bring their deeds to completion.
5.109.7
एषा दिक्सा द्विजश्रेष्ठ यां सर्वः प्रतिपद्यते ।
वृता त्वनवबोधेन सुखं तेन न गम्यते ॥ ५.१०९.७ ॥
O best of the twice-born, this is the direction that everyone attains; but for one enveloped in ignorance, it is not reached with ease.
5.109.8
नैर्ऋतानां सहस्रामि बहून्यत्र द्विजर्षभ ।
सृष्टानि प्रतिकूलानि द्रष्टव्यान्यकृतात्मभिः ॥ ५.१०९.८ ॥
O bull among the twice-born, here thousands of many hostile forms of the Nairṛtas have been created; they are to be seen only by those whose selves are not purified.
5.109.9
अत्र मन्दरकुञ्जेषु विप्रर्षिसदनेषु च ।
गायन्ति गाथा गन्धर्वाश्चित्तबुद्धिहरा द्विज ॥ ५.१०९.९ ॥
O twice-born, here in the groves of Mount Mandara and in the abodes of the brahmin sages, the Gandharvas sing songs that steal the mind and intellect.
5.109.10
अत्र सामानि गाथाभिः श्रुत्वा गीतानि रैवतः ।
गतदारो गतामात्यो गतराज्यो वनं गतः ॥ ५.१०९.१० ॥
Here Raivata, having heard the Sāma songs sung with verses, saw his wives gone, his ministers gone, his kingdom gone, and he went to the forest.
5.109.11
अत्र सावर्मिना चैव यवक्रीतात्मजेन च ।
मर्यादा स्थापिता ब्रह्मन्यां सूर्यो नातिवर्तते ॥ ५.१०९.११ ॥
Here a boundary was established by Sāvarmin and by the son of Yavakrīta, which the sun does not transgress.
5.109.12
अत्र राक्षसराजेन पौलस्त्येन महात्मना ।
रावणेन तपः कृत्वा सुरेभ्योऽमरता वृता ॥ ५.१०९.१२ ॥
Here the great-souled Rāvaṇa, king of the rākṣasas, son of Pulastya, performed austerity and obtained immortality from the gods as a boon.
5.109.13
अत्र वृत्तेन वृत्रोऽपि शक्रशत्रुत्वमेयिवान् ।
अत्र सर्वासवः प्राप्ताः पुनर्गच्छन्ति पञ्चधा ॥ ५.१०९.१३ ॥
Here, by conduct, Vṛtra too became the enemy of Śakra. Here all the Āsavas, having arrived, return again in five ways.
5.109.14
अत्र दुष्कृतकर्माणो नराः पच्यन्ति गालव ।
अत्र वैतरणी नाम नदी वैतरणैर्वृता ॥ ५.१०९.१४ ॥
Here, O Gālava, men who have done evil deeds are cooked. Here is a river named Vaitaraṇī, surrounded by the Vaitaraṇas.
5.109.15
अत्र गत्वा सुखस्यान्तं दुःखस्यान्तं प्रपद्यते ।
अत्रावृत्तो दिनकरः सुरसं क्षरते पयः ॥ ५.१०९.१५ ॥
Having gone here, a man attains the end of happiness and the end of suffering. Here the sun turns back and pours forth milk of sweet flavour.
5.109.16
काष्ठां चासाद्य वासिष्ठीं हिममुत्सृजते पुनः ।
अत्राहं गालव पुरा क्षुधाऽऽर्तः परिचिन्तयन् ॥ ५.१०९.१६ ॥
Reaching the Vāsiṣṭhī quarter, it again sends forth snow. Here, O Gālava, formerly, afflicted by hunger, I was reflecting.
5.109.17
लब्धवान्युध्यमानौ द्वौ बृहन्तौ गजकच्छपौ ।
अत्र चक्रधनुर्नाम सूर्याञ्जातो महानृषिः ॥ ५.१०९.१७ ॥
There he found two great fighting creatures, an elephant and a tortoise. Here the great sage named Cakradhanus was born of the sun.
5.109.18
विदुर्यं कपिलं देवं येनार्ताः सगरात्मजाः ।
अत्र सिद्धाः शिवा नाम ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः ॥ ५.१०९.१८ ॥
The god Kapila, whom the sons of Sagara, afflicted, came to know; here are the perfected Brahmins named Śiva, masters of the Vedas.
5.109.19
अधीत्य सकलान्वेदाँल्लेभिरे मोक्षमक्षयम् ।
अत्र भोगवती नाम पुरी वासुकिपालिता ॥ ५.१०९.१९ ॥
Having studied all the Vedas, they obtained imperishable liberation. Here is the city named Bhogavatī, protected by Vāsuki.
5.109.20
तक्षकेण च नागेन तथैवैरावतेन च ।
अत्र निर्याणकालेऽपि तमः संप्राप्यते महत् ॥ ५.१०९.२० ॥
Here, at the time of departure, great darkness is reached, both through the serpent Takṣaka and likewise through Airāvata.
5.109.21
अभेद्यं भास्करेणापि स्वयं वा कृष्णवर्त्मना ।
एष तस्यापि ते मार्गः परिचारस्य गालव ।
ब्रूहि मे यदि गन्तव्यं प्रतीचीं शृणु चापराम् ॥ ५.१०९.२१ ॥
Impenetrable even to the sun, or to the dark path itself; this is also the way of him, O Gālava, the way of your attendant. Tell me if you must go to the west; listen, too, to the other direction.