Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 8.52
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8.52.1
कथं संशप्तकैः सार्धमर्जुनस्याभवद्रणः ।
सूतपुत्रस्य पाञ्चालैः कथं युद्धं प्रवर्तितम् ॥ ८.५२.१ ॥
How did the battle of Arjuna with the Saṃśaptakas come about? And how was the fighting between the charioteer's son (Karṇa) and the Pāñcālas begun?
8.52.2
अश्वत्थाम्नस्तु यद्युद्धमर्जुनस्य च सञ्जय ।
अन्येषां च मदीयानां पाण्डवैस्तद्ब्रवीहि मे ॥ ८.५२.२ ॥
O Sañjaya, tell me of the battle between Aśvatthāman and Arjuna, and of the battle of the others on my side with the Pāṇḍavas.
8.52.3
शृणु राजन्यथावृत्तं सङ्ग्रामं ब्रुवतो मम ।
वीराणां शत्रुभिः सार्धं देहपाप्मविनाशनम् ॥ ८.५२.३ ॥
Listen, O king, to the battle as it happened, as I tell it: the fight of the heroes against their enemies, which destroys the sins of the body.
8.52.4
पार्थः संशप्तकबलं प्रविश्यार्णवसन्निभम् ।
व्यक्षोभयदमित्रघ्नो महावात इवार्णवम् ॥ ८.५२.४ ॥
Pārtha (Arjuna), the slayer of foes, entered the army of the Saṃśaptakas, which was like the ocean, and stirred it as a great wind stirs the ocean.
8.52.5
पूर्णचन्द्राभवक्राणि स्वक्षिभ्रूदशनानि च ।
शिरांस्युन्मथ्य वीराणां शितैर्भल्लैर्धनञ्जयः।
सन्तस्तार क्षितिं क्षिप्रं विनालैर्नलिनैरिव ॥ ८.५२.५ ॥
With sharp bhallas, Dhanañjaya cut off the heads of heroes whose faces were like the full moon, with eyes, brows and teeth, and swiftly strewed them over the earth like lotuses without stalks.
8.52.6
सुवृत्तानायतान्पुष्टांश्चन्दनागुरुभूषितान् ।
सायुधान्सतलत्रांश्च पञ्चास्योरगसन्निभान्।
बाहून्क्षुरैरमित्राणां चिच्छेद समरेऽर्जुनः ॥ ८.५२.६ ॥
Arjuna cut off in battle the arms of the enemies, round, long and sturdy, adorned with sandal and aloe, bearing weapons and armour-guards, like five-headed serpents, with razors.
8.52.7
धुर्यान्धुर्योतरान्सूतान्ध्वजांश्चापानि सायकान् ।
पाणीन्नितान्तनिशितैर्भल्लैश्चिच्छेद पाण्डवः ॥ ८.५२.७ ॥
The Pāṇḍava cut down with extremely sharp bhalla arrows the yoke-horses and the horses behind them, the charioteers, the banners, the bows, the arrows, and the hands.
8.52.8
रथान्द्विपान्हयांश्चैव सारोहानर्जुनो युधि ।
शरैरनेकसाहस्रैर्निन्ये राजन्यमक्षयम् ॥ ८.५२.८ ॥
Arjuna in battle sent chariots, elephants and horses, with their riders, by many thousands of arrows, O king, to the abode of Yama.
8.52.9
तं प्रवीराः सुसंरब्धा नर्दमाना इवर्षभाः ।
वासितार्थमिव क्रुद्धमभिद्रुत्य महोत्कटाः।
निघ्न्तमभिजघ्नुस्ते शरैः शृङ्गैरिवर्षभाः ॥ ८.५२.९ ॥
Those heroic warriors, greatly enraged and roaring like bulls, rushing upon him like bulls after a cow in heat, struck him, the furious one who was striking down, with arrows like horns.
8.52.10
तस्य तेषां च तद्युद्वमभवद्रोमहर्षणम् ।
त्रैलोक्यविजये यद्वद्दैत्यानां सह वज्रिणा ॥ ८.५२.१० ॥
That battle of his with them became hair-raising, like the battle of the Daityas with the thunder-wielder when the three worlds were conquered.
8.52.11
अस्त्रैस्त्राणि संवार्य द्विषतां सर्वतोऽर्जुनः ।
इषुभिर्बहुभिस्तूर्णं विद्व्वा प्राणाञ्जहार सः ॥ ८.५२.११ ॥
Arjuna, warding off the enemies' weapons on every side with his own weapons, swiftly pierced them with many arrows and took their lives.
8.52.12
छिन्नत्रिवेणुचक्राक्षान्हतयोधान्ससारथीन् ।
विध्वस्तायुधतूणीरान्समुन्मथितकेतनान् ॥ ८.५२.१२ ॥
Chariots whose poles, wheels and axles were cut in three, their warriors slain along with their charioteers, their weapons and quivers shattered, their banners torn up.
8.52.13
सञ्छिन्नयोक्ररश्मीषान्वित्रिवेणून्विकूबरान् ।
विस्रस्तबन्धुरयुगान्विस्रस्ताक्षप्रमण्डलान् ॥ ८.५२.१३ ॥
with yokes, reins and traces cut, with chariot poles and pole-ends broken, with harnesses loosened, with axles and wheel-rims scattered.
8.52.14
रथान्विशकलीकुर्वन्महाभ्राणीव मारुतः ॥ ८.५२.१४ ॥
Like the wind shattering great clouds, he was breaking the chariots to pieces.
8.52.15
विस्मापकं प्रेक्षकाणां द्विषतां भयवर्धनम् ।
महारथसहस्रस्य समं कर्माकरोज्जयः ॥ ८.५२.१५ ॥
Astonishing to the onlookers and increasing the fear of the enemy, Jaya performed deeds equal to those of a thousand great charioteers.
8.52.16
सिद्धदेवर्षिसङ्घाश्च चारणाश्चापि तुष्टुवुः ॥ ८.५२.१६ ॥
The multitudes of Siddhas, gods and sages, and the Cāraṇas too, praised them.
8.52.17
देवदुन्दुभयो नेदुः पुष्पवर्षाणि चापतन् ।
केशवार्जुनयोर्मूर्ध्नि प्राह वाक्वाशरीरिणी ॥ ८.५२.१७ ॥
Divine drums sounded, and showers of flowers fell upon the heads of Keśava and Arjuna. Then a disembodied voice spoke.
8.52.18
चन्द्राग्न्यनिलसूर्याणां कान्तिदीप्तिबलद्युतीः ।
यौ सदा बिभ्रतुर्वीराविमौ तौ केशवार्जुनौ ॥ ८.५२.१८ ॥
These two heroes, Keśava and Arjuna, are the very ones who always bear the brilliance, radiance, strength and splendour of the moon, fire, wind and sun.
8.52.19
ब्रह्मेशानाविव पुरा वीरावेकरथे स्थितौ ।
सर्वभूतवरौ वीरौ नरनारायणाविमौ ॥ ८.५२.१९ ॥
Like Brahmā and Īśāna of old, these two heroes stand in one chariot: they are Nara and Nārāyaṇa, the best of all beings.
8.52.20
इत्येतन्महदाश्चर्यं दृष्ट्वा श्रुत्वा च भारत ।
अश्वत्थामा सुसङ्क्रुद्धः कृष्णावभ्यद्रवद्रणे ॥ ८.५२.२० ॥
Having seen and heard this great marvel, O Bhārata, Aśvatthāman, greatly enraged, rushed upon the two Kṛṣṇas in battle.
8.52.21
अथ पाण्डवमस्यन्तममित्रान्तकराञ्छरान् ।
सेषुणा पाणिनाऽऽहूय प्रहसन्द्रौणिरब्रवीत् ॥ ८.५२.२१ ॥
Then, seeing the Pāṇḍava shooting arrows that destroy his enemies, Droṇa's son challenged him with his bow and hand, laughing, and spoke.
8.52.22
यदि मां मन्यसे वीर प्राप्तमर्हमिहातिथिम् ।
ततः सर्वात्मना त्वद्य युद्वातिथ्यं प्रयच्छ मे ॥ ८.५२.२२ ॥
O hero, if you consider me a worthy guest who has come here, then today, with your whole self, offer me the hospitality of battle.
8.52.23
एवमाचार्यपुत्रेण समाहूतो युयुत्सया ।
बहुमेनेऽर्जुनोऽऽत्मानमिति चाह जनार्दनम् ॥ ८.५२.२३ ॥
Thus challenged by the teacher's son with a desire to fight, Arjuna esteemed himself highly and said this to Janārdana.
8.52.24
संशप्तकाश्च मे वध्या द्रौणिराह्वयते च माम् ।
यदत्रानन्तरं प्राप्तं शंस मे तद्वि माधव ॥ ८.५२.२४ ॥
The Saṃśaptakas are to be slain by me, and Droṇa's son challenges me. O Mādhava, tell me what should be done next here.
8.52.25
आतिथ्यकर्माभ्युत्थाय दीयतां यदि मन्यसे ।
एवमुक्तोऽवहत्पार्थं कृष्णोद्रोणात्मजान्तिके ॥ ८.५२.२५ ॥
If you think it fit, let something be given up as the duty of hospitality.
8.52.26
शैक्ष्येण विधिनाऽऽहूतं वायुरिन्द्रमिवाध्वरे ।
तमामन्त्र्यैकमनसं केशवो द्रौणिमब्रवीत् ॥ ८.५२.२६ ॥
Keśava, addressing that single-minded Pārtha, summoned by rule like the wind summoned to Indra at a sacrifice, spoke to the son of Droṇa.
8.52.27
अश्वत्थामन्स्थिरो भूत्वा प्रहराशु सहस्व च ।
निर्वेष्टुं भर्तृपिण्डं हि कालोऽयमुपजीविनाम् ॥ ८.५२.२७ ॥
Aśvatthāman, stand firm and strike swiftly, and endure. This is the time to repay the debt owed to your lord, for it is the time of those who live by his service.
8.52.28
सूक्ष्मो विवादो विप्राणां सूक्ष्मौ क्षास्त्रौ जयाजयौ ॥ ८.५२.२८ ॥
Subtle are the disputes of brahmins; subtle are the scriptures, and subtle are victory and defeat.
8.52.29
नहि संक्षमसे मोहाद्दिव्यां पार्थस्य सत्क्रियाम् ।
समाप्तिमिच्छन्युध्यस्व स्यिरो भूत्वाऽद्य पाण्डवं ॥ ८.५२.२९ ॥
Out of delusion you do not endure the divine honour shown to Pārtha. Desiring an end, stand firm today and fight the son of Pāṇḍu.
8.52.30
इत्युक्तो वासुदेवेन तथेत्युक्त्वा द्विजोत्तमः ।
विव्याध केशवं षष्ट्या नाराचैरर्जुनं त्रिभिः ॥ ८.५२.३० ॥
When Vāsudeva had spoken thus, the best of the twice-born, saying 'So be it,' pierced Keśava with sixty iron arrows and Arjuna with three.
8.52.31
तस्यार्जुनः सुसङ्क्रुद्धस्त्रिभिर्बाणैः शरासनम् ।
चिच्छेदाथान्यदादत्त द्रौणिर्घोरतरं धनुः ॥ ८.५२.३१ ॥
Arjuna, greatly enraged, cut his bow with three arrows. Then the son of Droṇa took up another, more terrible bow.
8.52.32
सज्यं कृत्वा निमेषाच्च विव्याधार्जुनकेशवौ ।
त्रिभिः शतैर्वासुदेवं सहस्रेण च पाण्डवम् ॥ ८.५२.३२ ॥
In an instant, stringing his bow, he struck Arjuna and Keśava: Vāsudeva with three hundred arrows, and the Pāṇḍava with a thousand.
8.52.33
ततः शरसहस्राणि प्रयुतान्यर्बुदानि च ।
ससृजे द्रौणिरायस्तः स्तम्भयामास चार्जुनम् ॥ ८.५२.३३ ॥
Then the son of Droṇa, exerting himself fully, released thousands, tens of thousands and hundreds of millions of arrows, and stunned Arjuna.
8.52.34
इषुधेर्धनुषो ज्यायास्त्वङ्गुलिभ्यश्च मारिष ।
बाह्वोः कराभ्यामुरसो वदनाद्व्राणनेत्रतः ॥ ८.५२.३४ ॥
O sir, from the quiver, from the bow, from the bowstring, from the fingers, from the arms, from the hands, from the chest, from the mouth, from the nose and eyes, arrows poured forth.
8.52.35
कर्णाभ्यां शिरसोऽङ्गेभ्यो लोमवर्मभ्य एव च ।
रथध्वजाभ्यां च शरा निष्पेतुर्ब्रह्मवादिनः ॥ ८.५२.३५ ॥
From the ears, from the head, from the limbs, from the pores of the body, and from the chariot and its banner, the mantra-consecrated arrows issued forth.
8.52.36
शरजालेन महता बद्ध्वा माधवपाण्डवौ ।
ननाद सुदितो द्रौणिर्महामेघौघनिःस्वनम् ॥ ८.५२.३६ ॥
Binding Mādhava and the Pāṇḍava in a great net of arrows, the son of Droṇa, delighted, roared with the sound of a vast thundercloud.
8.52.37
तैः पतद्भिर्महाराज द्रौणिमुक्तैः समन्ततः ।
सञ्छादितौ रथस्थौ तावुभौ कृष्णधनञ्जयौ ॥ ८.५२.३७ ॥
O great king, covered on all sides by those falling arrows released by Drauṇi, the two who stood in the chariot, Kṛṣṇa and Dhanañjaya, were both hidden.
8.52.38
ततः शरशतैस्तीक्ष्णैर्भारद्वाजः प्रतापवान् ।
निश्चेष्टा तावुभौ चक्रे रणे माधवपाण्डवौ ॥ ८.५२.३८ ॥
Then the mighty son of Bharadvāja, with hundreds of sharp arrows, rendered both the Mādhava and the Pāṇḍava motionless in battle.
8.52.39
महाकृतमभूत् सर्वं स्थावरं जङ्गमं तथा ।
चराचरसा मोप्तारौ दृष्ट्वा सञ्छादितौ शरैः ॥ ८.५२.३९ ॥
All things, moving and unmoving, became a great marvel, seeing the two protectors of the world of moving and unmoving beings covered with arrows.
8.52.40
सिद्धचार…श्च संपेतुर्शै समन्ततः ।
अपि … लोकानामिति चाब्रुवन् ॥ ८.५२.४० ॥
The Siddhas and Cāraṇas gathered together on all sides, and spoke thus concerning the worlds.
8.52.41
न मया … राजन्दृष्टपृर्वः पराकमः ।
… कृष्णो छादयतो रणे ॥ ८.५२.४१ ॥
O king, I have never before seen such prowess as this, covering Kṛṣṇa with arrows in battle.
8.52.42
…शब्दं रथानां त्रासनं रणे ।
… राजन्सिंहस्य नदतो यथा ॥ ८.५२.४२ ॥
The terrifying sound of the chariots in battle, O king, was like that of a lion roaring.
8.52.43
चरतो युद्धे सव्यं दक्षिणमस्यतः ।
विद्युदम्भोधरस्येव भ्राजमाना व्यदृश्यत ॥ ८.५२.४३ ॥
As he moved through the battle shooting arrows to left and right, he appeared like lightning shining in a cloud.
8.52.44
स तदा क्षिप्रकारी च दृढहस्तश्च पाण्डवः ।
प्रमोहं परमं गत्वा प्रेक्षन्नास्ते धनञ्जयः ॥ ८.५२.४४ ॥
Then Dhanañjaya, the Pāṇḍava swift in action and firm of hand, fell into utter bewilderment and remained only watching.
8.52.45
विक्रमं चरतो युद्धे सव्यं दक्षिणमस्यतः ।
विक्रमं च हृतं मेने आत्मनस्तेन संयुगे ॥ ८.५२.४५ ॥
Seeing the prowess of the one moving in battle and shooting to left and right, he thought his own prowess had been taken from him in that fight.
8.52.46
अथास्य समरे राजन्वपुरासीत्सुदुर्दृशम् ।
द्रौणेस्तत्कुर्वतः कर्म यादृग्रूपं पिनाकिनः ॥ ८.५२.४६ ॥
Then, O king, his form in battle became very hard to behold, and as Droṇa's son performed those deeds it looked like the form of Pinākin, the bearer of the bow Pināka.
8.52.47
वर्धमाने ततस्तत्र द्रोणपुत्रे विशाम्पते ।
हीयमाने च कौन्तेये कृष्णं रोषः समाविशत् ॥ ८.५२.४७ ॥
Then, O lord of the people, as Droṇa's son grew stronger there and the son of Kuntī weakened, anger entered Kṛṣṇa.
8.52.48
स रोषान्निश्वसन्राजन्निर्दहन्निव चक्षुषा ।
द्रौणिं ददर्श सङ्ग्रामे फल्गुनं च मुहुर्मुहुः ॥ ८.५२.४८ ॥
Sighing in anger, O king, and looking as if he would burn with his eyes, he saw again and again Droṇa's son and Phalguna in the battle.
8.52.49
ततः कृष्णोऽब्रवीत्क्रुद्धः पार्थं सप्रणयं वचः ॥ ८.५२.४९ ॥
Then Kṛṣṇa, angered, spoke these affectionate words to Pārtha.
8.52.50
अत्यद्भुततमिदं पार्थ त्वयि पश्यामि संयुगे ।
यत्त्वां विशेषयत्याजौ द्रोणपुत्रोऽद्य भारत ॥ ८.५२.५० ॥
O Pārtha, I see this most wondrous thing in you in battle: today, O Bhārata, Droṇa's son is surpassing even you in the fight.
8.52.51
कच्चित्ते गाण्डिवं हस्ते मुष्टिर्वा न व्यशीर्यत ।
कच्चिद्वीर्यं यथापूर्वं भुजयोर्वा बलं तव ॥ ८.५२.५१ ॥
Is the Gāṇḍīva still in your hand, or has your grip not loosened? Is your valor and the strength of your arms as before?
8.52.52
उदीर्यमाणं हि रणे पश्यामि द्रौणिमाहवे ।
गुरुपुत्र इति ह्येनं मानयन्पाण्डवर्षभ।
उपेक्षां मा कृथाः पार्थ नायं काल उपेक्षितुम् ॥ ८.५२.५२ ॥
I see the son of Droṇa advancing in battle. Do not neglect him out of respect for him as the teacher's son, O Pārtha, bull of the Pāṇḍavas; this is no time for neglect.
8.52.53
पश्य माधव दौरात्म्यं गुरुपुत्रस्य मां प्रति ।
वधं प्राप्तौ मन्यते नौ प्रावेश्य शवरेश्मनि।
एषोस्मि हन्मि सङ्कल्पं शिक्षया च बलेन च ॥ ८.५२.५३ ॥
Look, Mādhava, at the treachery of the teacher's son toward me! He thinks to bring death upon us both by leading us into a house of corpses. Here I am: I will fulfill my resolve by skill and by strength.
8.52.54
एवमुक्त्वाऽस्य चिच्छेद भल्लैः कर्मारमार्जितैः ।
धनुश्छत्रं पताकां च रथशक्तिं गदां वराम् ॥ ८.५२.५४ ॥
Having spoken thus, he cut off his bow, parasol, banner, chariot-spear and excellent mace with bhalla arrows polished by smiths.
8.52.55
अश्वत्थाम्नः शरानस्ताञ्छित्त्वैकैकं त्रिधा त्रिधा ।
व्यधमद्भरतश्रेष्ठो नीहारमिव मारुतः ॥ ८.५२.५५ ॥
Cutting each of Aśvatthāman's arrows into three pieces, one by one, the best of the Bharatas scattered them as the wind scatters mist.
8.52.56
ततः संशप्तकान्भूयः साश्वसूतरथद्विपान् ।
ध्वजपत्तिगणानुर्ग्रैर्बाणैर्विव्याध पाण्डवः ॥ ८.५२.५६ ॥
Then the Pāṇḍava again pierced the Saṃśaptakas, together with their horses, charioteers, chariots and elephants, and the companies of banner-bearing foot soldiers, with fierce arrows.
8.52.57
ये ये ददृशिरे तत्र यद्यद्रूपास्तदा जनाः ।
ते ते तत्र शरैर्व्याप्तं मेनिरेऽऽत्मानमात्मना ॥ ८.५२.५७ ॥
Whoever appeared there, in whatever form, they all, covered there with arrows, came to think of themselves as covered with arrows by themselves.
8.52.58
ते गाण्डीवप्रमुक्तास्तु नानारूपाः पतत्रिणः ।
क्रोशे साग्रे स्थिताञ्जघ्नुर्द्विपांश्च पुरुषान्रणे ॥ ८.५२.५८ ॥
Those arrows of many forms, loosed from the Gāṇḍīva, struck down in battle the elephants and men standing in front, within a krośa.
8.52.59
भल्लैश्छिन्नाः कराः पेतुः करिणां मदवर्षिणाम् ।
यथा वने परशुभिर्निकृत्ताः शाल्मलिद्रुमाः ॥ ८.५२.५९ ॥
The trunks of the ichor-streaming elephants, cut off by crescent-headed arrows, fell as silk-cotton trees fall in the forest when felled by axes.
8.52.60
पश्चात्तु शैलवत्पतुस्ते गजाः सह सादिभिः ।
वज्रिवज्रावमथिता यथैवाद्रिचयास्तथा ॥ ८.५२.६० ॥
Afterwards those elephants, together with their riders, fell like mountains, as heaps of mountains fall when crushed by the thunderbolt of Indra.
8.52.61
गन्धर्वनगराकारान्रथांश्चैव सुकल्पितान् ।
विनीतैर्जवनैर्युक्तानास्थितान्युद्वदुर्मदैः ॥ ८.५२.६१ ॥
Chariots finely arranged like Gandharva-cities, yoked with well-trained swift horses, mounted by warriors proud and fierce in battle.
8.52.62
शरैर्विशकलीकुर्वन्नमित्रानभ्यवीवृषत् ।
स्वलङ्कृतानश्वसादीन्पत्तींश्चाहन्धनञ्जयः ॥ ८.५२.६२ ॥
Tearing his enemies apart with arrows, Dhanañjaya rained arrows upon them and struck down the finely adorned horsemen and foot-soldiers.
8.52.63
धनञ्जययुगान्तार्कः संशप्तकमहार्णवम् ।
व्यशोषयत दुःशोषं तीक्ष्णैः शरगभस्तिभिः ॥ ८.५२.६३ ॥
Dhanañjaya, like the sun at the end of an age, dried up the great ocean of the Saṃśaptakas, hard to dry up, with the sharp rays of his arrows.
8.52.64
पुनर्द्रौणिमहाशैलं नाराचैर्वज्रसन्निभैः ।
निर्बिभेद महावेगैस्त्वरन्वज्रीव पर्वतम् ॥ ८.५२.६४ ॥
Again, hastening with great force, he pierced the great mountain that was the son of Droṇa with iron arrows like thunderbolts, as the thunder-wielder Indra pierces a mountain.
8.52.65
तमाचार्यसुतः क्रुद्धः साश्वयन्तारमाशुगैः ।
युयुत्सुरागमद्योद्धुं पार्थस्तानच्छिनच्छरान् ॥ ८.५२.६५ ॥
The teacher's son, enraged, came forward eager to fight, attacking him with swift arrows together with his horses and charioteer; Pārtha cut those arrows to pieces.
8.52.66
ततः परमसङ्क्रुद्धः काण्डकोशमवासृजत् ।
अश्वत्थामाभिरूपाय गृहानतिथये यथा ॥ ८.५२.६६ ॥
Then, greatly enraged, he emptied his quiver toward the worthy Aśvatthāman, as one opens one's house to a guest.
8.52.67
अथ संशप्तकांस्त्यक्त्वा पाण्डवो द्रौणिमभ्ययात् ।
अपाङ्क्तेयानिव त्यक्त्वा दाता पाङ्क्तेयमर्थिनम् ॥ ८.५२.६७ ॥
Then, abandoning the Saṃśaptakas, the Pāṇḍava went toward Droṇa's son, as a giver leaves those unfit for the shared meal and goes to a suppliant worthy of it.
8.52.68
स्थिताः संशप्तका राजन्दृष्ट्वा युद्वं महात्मनोः ॥ ८.५२.६८ ॥
Standing still, O king, the Saṃśaptakas watched the battle of the two great-souled ones.