Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 9.4
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9.4.1
एवमुक्तस्ततो राजा गौतमेन तपस्विना ।
निःश्वस्य दीर्घमुष्णं च तूष्णीमासीद्विशाम्पते ॥ ९.४.१ ॥
Thus addressed by the ascetic Gautama, the king heaved a long, hot sigh and fell silent, O lord of the people.
9.4.2
ततो मुहूर्तं स ध्यात्वा तव पुत्रो महामनाः ।
कृपं शारद्वतं वाक्यमित्युवाच परन्तपः ॥ ९.४.२ ॥
Then, after reflecting for a moment, your great-minded son, the scorcher of foes, spoke these words to Kṛpa, son of Śaradvat.
9.4.3
यत्किञ्चित्सुहृदा वाच्यं तत्सर्वं श्रावितो ह्यहम् ।
कृतं च भवता सर्वं प्राणान्सन्त्यज्य युध्यता ॥ ९.४.३ ॥
You have told me everything that a friend should say, and you have done everything while fighting, having given up your lives.
9.4.4
गाहमानमनीकानि युध्यमानं महारथैः ।
पाण्डवैरतितेजोभिर्लोकस्त्वामनुदृष्टवान् ॥ ९.४.४ ॥
Plunging into the armies, fighting with great charioteers and the Pāṇḍavas of blazing brilliance, the world has seen you.
9.4.5
सुहृदा यदिदं वाक्यं भवता श्रावितो ह्यहम् ।
न मां प्रीणाति तत्सर्वं मुमूर्षोरिव भेषजम् ॥ ९.४.५ ॥
These words that you, as a friend, have told me do not please me, as medicine does not please one who is about to die.
9.4.6
हेतुकारणसंयुक्तं हितं वचनमुत्तमम् ।
उच्यमानं महाबाहो न मे विप्राग्र्य रोचने ॥ ९.४.६ ॥
O mighty-armed one, best of Brahmins! Even when good and excellent words, joined with reason and cause, are spoken, they do not please me.
9.4.7
राज्याद्विनिकृतोऽस्माभिःकथं सोस्मासु विश्वसेत् ॥ ९.४.७ ॥
How could he, whom we deprived of the kingdom, trust us?
9.4.8
अक्षद्यूते च नृपतिर्जितोऽस्माभिर्महाधनः ।
स कथं मम वाक्यानि श्रद्दध्याद्भूय एव तु ॥ ९.४.८ ॥
In the dice game we defeated that king, of great wealth. How would he again believe my words?
9.4.9
तथा दूत्येन सम्प्राप्तः कृष्णः पार्थहिते रतः ।
प्रलब्धश्च हृषीकेशस्तच्च कर्माविचारितम्।
स च मे वचनं ब्रह्मन्कथमेवाभिमन्यते ॥ ९.४.९ ॥
Likewise Kṛṣṇa came as a messenger, devoted to the welfare of the Pārthas. Hṛṣīkeśa was deceived, and that deed was not considered. O brahmin, how would he heed my words?
9.4.10
विललाप च यत्कृष्णा सभामध्ये समेयुषी ।
न तन्मर्षयते कृष्णो न राज्यहरणं तथा ॥ ९.४.१० ॥
Kṛṣṇa did not endure the lamentation Kṛṣṇā made, coming into the middle of the assembly, nor did he endure the seizure of the kingdom.
9.4.11
एकप्राणावुभौ कृष्णावन्योन्यमभिसंश्रितौ ।
पुरा यच्छ्रुतमेवासीदद्य पश्यामि तत्प्रभो ॥ ९.४.११ ॥
The two Kṛṣṇas, of one life-breath, leaning upon each other — O lord, what was heard long ago, that I see today.
9.4.12
स्वस्रीयं निहतं दृष्ट्वा दुःखं स्वपिति केशवः ।
कृतागसो व यं तस्य हितं मे स कथं चरेत् ॥ ९.४.१२ ॥
Seeing his sister's son slain, Keśava sleeps in grief. How would he act for my welfare, toward those who have committed offence?
9.4.13
अभिमन्योर्विनाशेन न शर्म लभतेऽर्जुनः ।
स कथं मद्धिते यत्नं प्रकरिष्यति याचितः ॥ ९.४.१३ ॥
Arjuna finds no peace in the destruction of Abhimanyu. Though asked, how will he make an effort for my welfare?
9.4.14
मध्यमः पाण्डवस्तीक्ष्णो भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
प्रतिज्ञातं च तेनोग्रं भज्येतापि न सन्नमेत् ॥ ९.४.१४ ॥
Bhīmasena, the middle Pāṇḍava, is fierce and of great strength. The terrible vow he has made may be broken, but it will not bend.
9.4.15
उभौ तौ बद्धनिस्त्रिंशावुभौ चाबद्धकङ्कटौ ।
कृतवैरावुभौ वीरौ यमावपि यमोपमौ ॥ ९.४.१५ ॥
Both of them have their swords strapped on, and both are without armour. Both heroes have made enmity; both are like Yama.
9.4.16
धृष्टद्युम्नः शिखण्डी च कृतवैरौ मया सह ।
तौ कथं मद्विते यत्नं कुर्यातां द्विजसत्तम ॥ ९.४.१६ ॥
Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍin, who have made enmity with me — how will they make an effort for my welfare, O best of the twice-born?
9.4.17
दुःशासनेन यत्कृष्णा एकवस्त्रा रजस्वला ।
परिक्लिष्टा सभामध्ये सर्वलोकस्य पश्यतः ॥ ९.४.१७ ॥
That Kṛṣṇā, in a single garment and in her menstrual state, was dragged about by Duḥśāsana in the middle of the assembly while all the people looked on.
9.4.18
तथा विवसनां दीनां स्मरन्त्यद्यापि पाण्डवाः ।
न निवारयितुं शक्याः सङ्ग्रामात्ते परन्तपाः ॥ ९.४.१८ ॥
The Pāṇḍavas still remember that unclothed and miserable state today. O scorchers of foes, they cannot be restrained from battle.
9.4.19
यदा च द्रौपदी क्लिष्टा मद्विनाशाय दुःखिता ।
उग्रं तेपे तपः कृष्णा भर्तॄणामर्थसिद्धये।
स्थण्डिले नित्यदा शेते यावद्वैरस्य यातनम् ॥ ९.४.१९ ॥
When Draupadī, afflicted and grieving for my destruction, performed a fierce austerity for the accomplishment of her husbands' aim, and always slept upon the bare ground until the requital of the enmity.
9.4.20
निक्षिप्य मानं दर्पं च वासुदेवसहोदरा ।
कृष्णायाः प्रेष्यवद्भूत्वा शुश्रूषां कुरुते सदा ॥ ९.४.२० ॥
Having cast aside honour and pride, the sister of Vāsudeva, becoming like a servant, always attends upon Kṛṣṇā.
9.4.21
इति सर्वं समुन्नद्धं न निर्वाति कथञ्चन ।
अभिमन्योर्विनाशेन स सन्धेयः कथं मया ॥ ९.४.२१ ॥
Thus all of it is inflamed and is in no way quenched. How am I to appease that grief, born of Abhimanyu's destruction?
9.4.22
कथं च राजा भुक्त्वेमां पृथिवीं सागराम्बराम् ।
पाण्डवानां प्रसादेन भोक्ष्ये राज्यमहं कथम् ॥ ९.४.२२ ॥
And how, as king, shall I enjoy this earth clothed by the ocean? By the grace of the Pāṇḍavas, how shall I enjoy the kingdom?
9.4.23
उपर्युपरि राज्ञां वै ज्वलित्वा भास्करो यथा ।
युधिष्ठिरं कथं पञ्चादनुयास्यामि दासवत् ॥ ९.४.२३ ॥
Blazing above the kings like the sun, how shall I follow behind Yudhiṣṭhira like a slave?
9.4.24
कथं भुक्त्वा स्वयं भोगान्दत्त्वा दायांश्च पुष्कलान् ।
कृपणं वर्तयिष्यामि कृपणैः सह जीविकाम् ॥ ९.४.२४ ॥
Having myself enjoyed the pleasures and given abundant gifts and shares, how shall I make my living in wretchedness, together with the wretched?
9.4.25
नाभ्यसूयामि ते वाक्यमुक्तं स्निग्धं हितं त्वया ।
न तु सन्धिमहं मन्ये प्राप्तकालं कथञ्चन। ॥ ९.४.२५ ॥
I do not find fault with the affectionate and beneficial words you have spoken; but I do not think a peace agreement is appropriate at this time in any way.
9.4.26
सुनीतमनुपश्यामि सुयुद्धेन परन्तप ॥ ९.४.२६ ॥
O scorcher of enemies, I see that this is the right course, through a good battle.
9.4.27
नायं क्लीबायितुं कालः संयोद्वुं काल एव नः ॥ ९.४.२७ ॥
This is not a time for cowardice; for us, it is indeed the time to fight.
9.4.28
इष्टं मे बहुभिर्जज्ञैर्दत्ता विप्रेषु दक्षिणाः ।
प्राप्ताः कामाः श्रुता वेदाः शत्रूणां मूर्ध्नि च स्थितम् ॥ ९.४.२८ ॥
I performed many sacrifices, gave gifts to the brahmins, attained my desires, heard the Vedas, and have placed my enemies beneath my head.
9.4.29
भृत्या मे सुभृतास्तात दीनश्चाभ्युद्वृतो जनः ।
नोत्साहेऽद्य द्विजश्रेष्ठ पाण्डवान्वक्तुमीदृशम् ॥ ९.४.२९ ॥
Dear one, my servants are well maintained, and even the humble people have risen up; best of brahmins, today I have no enthusiasm to speak such words to the Pāṇḍavas.
9.4.30
जितानि परराष्ट्राणि स्वराष्ट्रमनुपालितम् ।
भुक्ताश्च विविधा भोगास्त्रिवर्गः सेवितो मया ॥ ९.४.३० ॥
I conquered the enemy kingdoms, protected my own kingdom, enjoyed various pleasures, and pursued the threefold aims of life.
9.4.31
पितॄणां गतमानृण्यं क्षत्रधर्मस्य चोभयोः ।
न ध्रुवं सुखमस्तीह कुतो राष्ट्रं कुतो यशः।
इह कीर्तिर्विचेतव्या सा च युद्वेन नान्यथा ॥ ९.४.३१ ॥
Freedom from the debt to the ancestors and the duty of the warrior: on neither count is there sure happiness here. Where is the kingdom, where is the fame? Here glory must be sought, and it is won only through battle, not otherwise.
9.4.32
वृथा च यत्क्षत्रियस्य निधनं तद्विगर्हितम् ।
अधर्मः सुमहानेष यच्छय्यामरणं गृहे ॥ ९.४.३२ ॥
A warrior's death that comes to nothing is reproached; to die in one's bed at home is a very great unrighteousness.
9.4.33
अरण्ये यो विमुच्येत सङ्ग्रामे वा तनुं नृपः ।
क्रतूनाहृत्य महतो महिमानं स गच्छति ॥ ९.४.३३ ॥
A king who gives up his body in the forest or in battle attains that great glory, as though he had performed great sacrifices.
9.4.34
कृपणं विलपन्नार्तो जरयाऽभिपरिप्लुतः ।
म्रियते रुदतां मध्ये ज्ञातीनां न स पूरुषः ॥ ९.४.३४ ॥
He who dies lamenting pitifully, afflicted and overwhelmed by old age, in the midst of weeping relatives — that man is no true man.
9.4.35
त्यक्त्वा तु विविधान्भोगान्प्राप्तानां परमां गतिम् ।
अपीदानीं सुयुद्धेन गच्छेयं यत्सलोकताम् ॥ ९.४.३५ ॥
Having abandoned the various enjoyments, may I now too, through a noble battle, go to the world of those who have attained the supreme destination.
9.4.36
शूराणामार्यवृत्तानां सङ्क्रामेष्वनिवर्तिनाम् ।
धीमतां सत्यसन्धानां सर्वेषां क्रतुयाजिनाम्।
शस्त्रावभृथपूतानां ध्रुवो वासस्त्रिविष्टपे ॥ ९.४.३६ ॥
For all who are heroes of noble conduct, who do not turn back in battles, wise, true to their vows, who perform sacrifices, purified by the final bath of weapons, there is a sure dwelling in heaven.
9.4.37
मुदा नूनं प्रपश्यन्ति युद्वे ह्यप्सरसां गणाः ॥ ९.४.३७ ॥
Surely the throngs of apsarases are joyfully watching them in battle.
9.4.38
पश्यन्ति नूनं पितरः पूजितान्सुरसंसदि ।
अप्सरोभिः परिवृतान्मोदमानांस्त्रिविष्टपे ॥ ९.४.३८ ॥
Surely the honored ancestors in the assembly of the gods see them, surrounded by apsarases, rejoicing in heaven.
9.4.39
पन्थानममरैर्यान्तं शूरैश्चैवानिवर्तिभिः ।
अपि तत्सङ्गतं मार्गं वयमध्यारुहेमहि ॥ ९.४.३९ ॥
May we also ascend that path, which was travelled by the immortals and by heroes who never turn back.
9.4.40
पितामहेन वृद्वेन तथाऽचार्येण धीमता ।
जयद्रथेन कर्णेन तथा दुःशासनेन च ॥ ९.४.४० ॥
By the aged grandfather, by the wise teacher, by Jayadratha, by Karṇa, and by Duḥśāsana as well.
9.4.41
घटमाना मदर्थेऽस्मिन्हताः शूरा जनाधिपाः ।
शेरते लोहिताक्ताङ्गाः पृथिव्यां शरविक्षताः ॥ ९.४.४१ ॥
The heroic kings who strove for my sake and were slain in this battle lie on the earth, their bodies smeared with blood, wounded by arrows.
9.4.42
उत्तमास्त्रविदः शूरा यथोक्तक्रतुयाजिनः ।
त्यक्त्वा प्राणान्यथान्यायमिन्द्रसद्मसु धिष्ठितः ॥ ९.४.४२ ॥
The heroes, knowers of the supreme weapons, who performed sacrifices as prescribed, have given up their lives rightly and been established in the abodes of Indra.
9.4.43
तैः स्वयं रचितो मार्गो दुर्गमो हि पुनर्भवेत् ।
सम्पतद्भिर्महावेगैरितो यास्यामि सद्गतिम् ॥ ९.४.४३ ॥
The path made by them themselves would surely become hard to traverse again, for those rushing with great speed. From here I shall go to the good destination.
9.4.44
ये मदर्थे हताः शूरास्तेषां कृतमनुस्मरन् ।
ऋणं तत्प्रतियुञ्जानो न राज्ये मन आदधे ॥ ९.४.४४ ॥
Remembering the deeds of those heroes who were slain for my sake, repaying that debt, I did not set my mind on the kingdom.
9.4.45
पातयित्वा वयस्यांश्च भ्रातृनथ पितामहान् ।
जीवितं यदि रक्षेयं लोको मां गर्हयेद्व्रुवम् ॥ ९.४.४५ ॥
Having caused my friends, brothers and grandfathers to fall, if I were to save my own life, the world would surely blame me.
9.4.46
कीदृशं च भवेद्राज्यं मम हीनस्य बन्धुभिः ।
सखिभिश्च विशेषेण प्रणिपत्य च पाण्डवम् ॥ ९.४.४६ ॥
What kind of kingdom would it be for me, bereft of kinsmen and especially of friends, having bowed down to the Pāṇḍava?
9.4.47
सोऽहमेतादृशं कृत्वा जगतोऽस्य पराभवम् ।
सुयुद्धेन हतः स्वर्गं प्राप्सामि न तदन्यथा ॥ ९.४.४७ ॥
Having done such a thing and brought this disgrace upon the world, slain in a good battle, I shall obtain heaven; it will not be otherwise.
9.4.48
एं दुर्योधनेनोक्ते सर्वे सम्पूज्य तद्वचः ।
साधुसाध्विति राजानं क्षत्रियाः सम्बभाषिरे ॥ ९.४.४८ ॥
When Duryodhana had spoken thus, all the Kṣatriyas, honouring his words, said 'Well said! Well said!' and addressed the king.
9.4.49
पराजयमशोचन्तः कृतचित्ताश्च विक्रमे ।
सर्वे सुनिश्चिता योद्धुमुदग्रमनसोऽभवन् ॥ ९.४.४९ ॥
Not grieving over the defeat, with minds resolved upon valour, all became firmly determined to fight, their spirits raised high.
9.4.50
ततो वाहान्समाश्वास्य सर्वे युद्धाभिनन्दिनः ।
ऊने द्वियोजने गत्वा प्रत्यतिष्ठन्त कौरवाः ॥ ९.४.५० ॥
Then all the Kauravas, delighting in battle, having comforted their horses, went a little less than two yojanas and halted.
9.4.51
आकाशे विद्रुमे पुण्ये प्रस्थे हिमवतः शुभे ।
अरुणां सरस्वतीं प्राप्य पपुः सस्नुश्च तेजलम् ॥ ९.४.५१ ॥
On the slope of the Himālaya, in a sacred and auspicious open place coloured like coral, they reached the Sarasvatī called Aruṇā, drank of her waters and bathed.
9.4.52
तव पुत्रकृतोत्साहाः पर्यवर्तन्त ते ततः ।
पर्यवस्थाप्य चात्मानमन्योन्येन पुनस्तदा।
सर्वे राजन्न्यवर्तन्त क्षत्रियाः कालचोदिताः ॥ ९.४.५२ ॥
Inspired by your son, they turned back. Then, steadying themselves and one another, O king, all the warriors, impelled by time, returned.