Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa · Sarga 2.20
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2.20.1
तस्मिंस्तु पुरुषव्याघ्रे निष्क्रामति कृताञ्जलौ।
आर्तशब्दो महान् जज्ञे स्त्रीणामन्तःपुरे तदा ॥ २.२०.१ ॥
As that tiger among men departed with folded palms, a great cry of anguish arose then among the women of the inner apartments.
2.20.2
कृत्येष्वचोदितः पित्रा सर्वस्यान्तःपुरस्य च।
गतिश्च शरणं चासीत् स रामोऽद्य प्रवत्स्यति ॥ २.२०.२ ॥
Though never urged by his father in matters of duty, he was the refuge and shelter of all, and of the inner apartments too; that Rāma will go into exile today.
2.20.3
कौसल्यायां यथा युक्तो जनन्यां वर्तते सदा।
तथैव वर्ततेऽस्मासु जन्मप्रभृति राघवः ॥ २.२०.३ ॥
Just as Rāghava always behaves devotedly toward his mother Kausalyā, so too he has behaved toward us from birth onward.
2.20.4
न क्रुध्यत्यभिशप्तोऽपि क्रोधनीयानि वर्जयन्।
क्रुद्धान् प्रसादयन् सर्वान् स इतोऽद्य प्रवत्स्यति ॥ २.२०.४ ॥
Though cursed, he never grows angry; avoiding what provokes anger, he pacifies all who are angry. He will go into exile from here today.
2.20.5
अबुद्धिर्बत नो राजा जीवलोकं चरत्ययम्।
यो गतिं सर्वभूतानां परित्यजति राघवम् ॥ २.२०.५ ॥
Alas, how unwise is this king of ours who roams the world of the living, abandoning Rāghava, the refuge of all beings!
2.20.6
पतिमाचुक्रुशुश्चापि सस्वनं चापि चुक्रुशुः ॥ २.२०.६ ॥
They cried out for their husband, and wailed aloud as well.
2.20.7
स हि चान्तःपुरे घोरमार्तशब्दं महीपतिः।
पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तः श्रुत्वा व्यालीयतासने ॥ २.२०.७ ॥
Hearing the terrible cry of anguish rising from the inner apartments, the king, tormented by grief for his son, writhed upon his seat.
2.20.8
रामस्तु भृशमायस्तो निःश्वसन्निव कुञ्जरः।
जगाम सहितो भ्रात्रा मातुरन्तःपुरं वशी ॥ २.२०.८ ॥
Rāma, deeply troubled and sighing like an elephant, self-controlled, went with his brother to the inner apartments of his mother.
2.20.9
सोऽपश्यत् पुरुषं तत्र वृद्धं परमपूजितम्।
उपविष्टं गृहद्वारि तिष्ठतश्चापरान् बहून् ॥ २.२०.९ ॥
There he saw an aged man, greatly honored, seated at the house-gate, and many others standing about.
2.20.10
दृष्ट्वैव तु तदा रामं ते सर्वे समुपस्थिताः।
जयेन जयतां श्रेष्ठं वर्धयन्ति स्म राघवम् ॥ २.२०.१० ॥
As soon as they saw Rāma, all who had gathered there hailed Rāghava, best of victors, with cries of "victory!"
2.20.11
प्रविश्य प्रथमां कक्ष्यां द्वितीयायां ददर्श सः।
ब्राह्मणान् वेदसम्पन्नान् वृद्धान् राज्ञाभिसत्कृतान् ॥ २.२०.११ ॥
Entering the first courtyard, in the second he saw brahmins, accomplished in the Vedas, aged, and honored by the king.
2.20.12
प्रणम्य रामस्तान् वृद्धांस्तृतीयायां ददर्श सः।
स्त्रियो बालाश्च वृद्धाश्च द्वाररक्षणतत्पराः ॥ २.२०.१२ ॥
Having bowed to those elders, in the third courtyard Rāma saw women, children, and old men intent on guarding the gate.
2.20.13
वर्धयित्वा प्रहृष्टास्ताः प्रविश्य च गृहं स्त्रियः।
न्यवेदयन्त त्वरितं राममातुः प्रियं तदा ॥ २.२०.१३ ॥
Having congratulated him, the women, delighted, entered the house and quickly reported the pleasing news to Rāma's mother.
2.20.14
कौसल्यापि तदा देवी रात्रिं स्थित्वा समाहिता।
प्रभाते चाकरोत् पूजां विष्णोः पुत्रहितैषिणी ॥ २.२०.१४ ॥
Queen Kausalyā, too, remained that night composed in mind, and at dawn, desiring her son's welfare, performed worship of Viṣṇu.
2.20.15
सा क्षौमवसना हृष्टा नित्यं व्रतपरायणा।
अग्निं जुहोति स्म तदा मन्त्रवत् कृतमङ्गला ॥ २.२०.१५ ॥
Clad in silk, joyful and ever devoted to her vows, she performed the auspicious rites and offered oblations into the fire according to the mantras.
2.20.16
प्रविश्य तु तदा रामो मातुरन्तःपुरं शुभम्।
ददर्श मातरं तत्र हावयन्तीं हुताशनम् ॥ २.२०.१६ ॥
Then Rāma entered his mother's auspicious inner apartments and saw his mother there offering oblations into the fire.
2.20.17
देवकार्यनिमित्तं च तत्रापश्यत् समुद्यतम्।
दध्यक्षतघृतं चैव मोदकान् हविषस्तथा ॥ २.२०.१७ ॥
There he also saw prepared for the divine rite curds, unbroken grains, ghee, sweetmeats, and the offering materials.
2.20.18
लाजान् माल्यानि शुक्लानि पायसं कृसरं तथा।
समिधः पूर्णकुम्भांश्च ददर्श रघुनन्दनः ॥ २.२०.१८ ॥
The delight of the Raghus also saw puffed grains, white garlands, milk-rice pudding and kṛsara, sacrificial firewood, and full water-pots.
2.20.19
तां शुक्लक्षौमसंवीतां व्रतयोगेन कर्शिताम्।
तर्पयन्तीं ददर्शाद्भिर्देवतां वरवर्णिनीम् ॥ २.२०.१९ ॥
He saw her, clad in white silk, made thin by the discipline of her vow, offering water to the gods, the goddess of excellent complexion.
2.20.20
सा चिरस्यात्मजं दृष्ट्वा मातृनन्दनमागतम्।
अभिचक्राम संहृष्टा किशोरं वडवा यथा ॥ २.२०.२० ॥
Seeing her son, the delight of his mother, arrived after so long, she, overjoyed, advanced toward the young one as a mare toward her colt.
2.20.21
स मातरमुपक्रान्तामुपसंगृह्य राघवः।
परिष्वक्तश्च बाहुभ्यामवघ्रातश्च मूर्धनि ॥ २.२०.२१ ॥
Rāghava, having approached his mother, held her close; he was embraced by her arms, and she kissed him on the head.
2.20.22
तमुवाच दुराधर्षं राघवं सुतमात्मनः।
कौसल्या पुत्रवात्सल्यादिदं प्रियहितं वचः ॥ २.२०.२२ ॥
Out of motherly love, Kausalyā said these dear and beneficial words to Rāghava, her unassailable son.
2.20.23
वृद्धानां धर्मशीलानां राजर्षीणां महात्मनाम्।
प्राप्नुह्यायुश्च कीर्तिं च धर्मं चाप्युचितं कुले ॥ २.२०.२३ ॥
My son, as the aged, righteous royal sages, the great-souled ones, so may you attain long life, fame, and the dharma fitting to your lineage.
2.20.24
सत्यप्रतिज्ञं पितरं राजानं पश्य राघव।
अद्यैव त्वां स धर्मात्मा यौवराज्येऽभिषेक्ष्यति ॥ २.२०.२४ ॥
Rāghava, behold your father, the king true to his vow; this very day that righteous one will anoint you as heir-apparent.
2.20.25
दत्तमासनमालभ्य भोजनेन निमन्त्रितः।
मातरं राघवः किंचित् प्रसार्याञ्जलिमब्रवीत् ॥ २.२०.२५ ॥
Having taken his seat and been invited to the meal, Rāghava, extending his joined palms a little, spoke to his mother.
2.20.26
स स्वभावविनीतश्च गौरवाच्च तथानतः।
प्रस्थितो दण्डकारण्यमाप्रष्टुमुपचक्रमे ॥ २.२०.२६ ॥
Naturally humble, and bowing low out of reverence, he, about to set out for the Daṇḍaka forest, began to ask for leave.
2.20.27
देवि नूनं न जानीषे महद् भयमुपस्थितम्।
इदं तव च दुःखाय वैदेह्या लक्ष्मणस्य च ॥ २.२०.२७ ॥
O queen, surely you do not know that a great danger has arisen, one that will bring sorrow to you, to Vaidehī and to Lakṣmaṇa.
2.20.28
गमिष्ये दण्डकारण्यं किमनेनासनेन मे।
विष्टरासनयोग्यो हि कालोऽयं मामुपस्थितः ॥ २.२०.२८ ॥
I shall go to the Daṇḍaka forest. What use is this seat to me? This is not the time for a royal throne; the time for the forest has come upon me.
2.20.29
चतुर्दश हि वर्षाणि वत्स्याम विजने वने।
कन्दमूलफलैर्जीवन् हित्वा मुनिवदामिषम् ॥ २.२०.२९ ॥
For fourteen years we shall dwell in the lonely forest, living on tubers, roots and fruits, giving up flesh like the sages do.
2.20.30
भरताय महाराजो यौवराज्यं प्रयच्छति।
मां पुनर्दण्डकारण्यं विवासयति तापसम् ॥ २.२०.३० ॥
The great king is giving the office of crown prince to Bharata, while he sends me into the Daṇḍaka forest to live as an ascetic.
2.20.31
स षट् चाष्टौ च वर्षाणि वत्स्यामि विजने वने।
आसेवमानो वन्यानि फलमूलैश्च वर्तयन् ॥ २.२०.३१ ॥
I shall dwell in the lonely forest for fourteen years, feeding on the produce of the wild and sustaining myself with fruits and roots.
2.20.32
सा निकृत्तेव सालस्य यष्टिः परशुना वने।
पपात सहसा देवी देवतेव दिवश्च्युता ॥ २.२०.३२ ॥
She fell suddenly in the forest, like a sal-tree stalk felled by an axe, like a goddess fallen from heaven.
2.20.33
तामदुःखोचितां दृष्ट्वा पतितां कदलीमिव।
रामस्तूत्थापयामास मातरं गतचेतसम् ॥ २.२०.३३ ॥
Seeing her, unaccustomed to sorrow, fallen like a plantain tree, Rāma raised up his mother, who had lost consciousness.
2.20.34
उपावृत्योत्थितां दीनां वडवामिव वाहिताम्।
पांसुगुण्ठितसर्वाङ्गीं विममर्श च पाणिना ॥ २.२०.३४ ॥
Turning to her, he stroked with his hand his mother, who had risen, wretched, like a driven mare, her whole body covered with dust.
2.20.35
सा राघवमुपासीनमसुखार्ता सुखोचिता।
उवाच पुरुषव्याघ्रमुपशृण्वति लक्ष्मणे ॥ २.२०.३५ ॥
She, who was fit for happiness yet afflicted with sorrow, spoke to Rāma, the Rāghava, as he sat near her, while Lakṣmaṇa listened, to that best of men.
2.20.36
यदि पुत्र न जायेथा मम शोकाय राघव।
न स्म दुःखमतो भूयः पश्येयमहमप्रजाः ॥ २.२०.३६ ॥
O Rāghava, if you had not been born as my son, to be the cause of my sorrow, then, being childless, I would not have seen greater sorrow than this.
2.20.37
एक एव हि वन्ध्यायाः शोको भवति मानसः।
अप्रजास्मीति संतापो न ह्यन्यः पुत्र विद्यते ॥ २.२०.३७ ॥
For a barren woman there is only one grief of the mind: the anguish of thinking, 'I am without offspring.' Son, there is no other sorrow.
2.20.38
न दृष्टपूर्वं कल्याणं सुखं वा पतिपौरुषे।
अपि पुत्रे विपश्येयमिति रामास्थितं मया ॥ २.२०.३८ ॥
In my husband's manliness I have never seen good fortune or happiness; so I rested my hopes on Rāma, thinking that I might at least see them in a son.
2.20.39
सा बहून्यमनोज्ञानि वाक्यानि हृदयच्छिदाम्।
अहं श्रोष्ये सपत्नीनामवराणां परा सती ॥ २.२०.३९ ॥
I, the chaste and supreme wife, shall have to hear many unpleasant words that pierce the heart from my younger co-wives.
2.20.40
अतो दुःखतरं किं नु प्रमदानां भविष्यति।
मम शोको विलापश्च यादृशोऽयमनन्तकः ॥ २.२०.४० ॥
What greater sorrow can there be for women than this? My grief and lamentation are such that they will know no end.
2.20.41
त्वयि संनिहितेऽप्येवमहमासं निराकृता।
किं पुनः प्रोषिते तात ध्रुवं मरणमेव हि ॥ २.२०.४१ ॥
Even when you were near, I was thus disregarded; what then, dear son, when you are gone abroad? Surely death is certain for me.
2.20.42
अत्यन्तं निगृहीतास्मि भर्तुर्नित्यमसम्मता।
परिवारेण कैकेय्याः समा वाप्यथवावरा ॥ २.२०.४२ ॥
I am utterly restrained by my husband and always unwelcomed; before Kaikeyī's household I am either equal or inferior.
2.20.43
यो हि मां सेवते कश्चिदपि वाप्यनुवर्तते।
कैकेय्याः पुत्रमन्वीक्ष्य स जनो नाभिभाषते ॥ २.२०.४३ ॥
Whoever serves me or follows me, when they see Kaikeyī's son, does not speak to me.
2.20.44
नित्यक्रोधतया तस्याः कथं नु खरवादि तत्।
कैकेय्या वदनं द्रष्टुं पुत्र शक्ष्यामि दुर्गता ॥ २.२०.४४ ॥
Because of her constant anger, how harsh are her words! O son, how shall I, unfortunate one, be able to see Kaikeyī's face?
2.20.45
दश सप्त च वर्षाणि जातस्य तव राघव।
अतीतानि प्रकांक्षन्त्या मया दुःखपरिक्षयम् ॥ २.२०.४५ ॥
O Rāghava, seventeen years have passed since you were born, while I, longing intently for the end of my sorrow, waited.
2.20.46
तदक्षयं महद्दुःखं नोत्सहे सहितुं चिरात्।
विप्रकारं सपत्नीनामेवं जीर्णापि राघव ॥ २.२०.४६ ॥
O Rāghava, I no longer have the strength to endure this unending great sorrow and the insults of my co-wives for long; thus I have grown old.
2.20.47
अपश्यन्ती तव मुखं परिपूर्णशशिप्रभम्।
कृपणा वर्तयिष्यामि कथं कृपणजीविका ॥ २.२०.४७ ॥
Not seeing your face, bright as the full moon, how shall I, wretched one, sustain myself? How can a wretched one live a wretched life?
2.20.48
उपवासैश्च योगैश्च बहुभिश्च परिश्रमैः।
दुःखसंवर्धितो मोघं त्वं हि दुर्गतया मया ॥ २.२०.४८ ॥
Nurtured in sorrow through fasts, austerities and many hardships, you too, my son, have suffered in vain because of me, unfortunate one.
2.20.49
स्थिरं नु हृदयं मन्ये ममेदं यन्न दीर्यते।
प्रावृषीव महानद्याः स्पृष्टं कूलं नवाम्भसा ॥ २.२०.४९ ॥
I think my heart is indeed firm, for it does not break, as the bank of a great river does not break when touched by the new water of the rainy season.
2.20.50
ममैव नूनं मरणं न विद्यते
न चावकाशोऽस्ति यमक्षये मम।
यदन्तकोऽद्यैव न मां जिहीर्षति
प्रसह्य सिंहो रुदतीं मृगीमिव ॥ २.२०.५० ॥
Death truly does not come to me, nor is there any room for me in Yama's realm; for even today Death does not wish to take me, as a lion seizes a weeping doe by force.
2.20.51
स्थिरं हि नूनं हृदयं ममायसं
न भिद्यते यद् भुवि नो विदीर्यते।
अनेन दुःखेन च देहमर्पितं
ध्रुवं ह्यकाले मरणं न विद्यते ॥ २.२०.५१ ॥
My heart is indeed firm, made of iron, for it is not split and does not break apart on the earth; and my body, given over to this sorrow, surely does not find untimely death.
2.20.52
इदं तु दुःखं यदनर्थकानि मे
व्रतानि दानानि च संयमाश्च हि।
तपश्च तप्तं यदपत्यकाम्यया
सुनिष्फलं बीजमिवोप्तमूषरे ॥ २.२०.५२ ॥
This is indeed the sorrow: my vows, gifts and restraints have all been fruitless, and the austerity I performed out of desire for offspring has proved utterly futile, like seed sown on barren ground.
2.20.53
यदि ह्यकाले मरणं यदृच्छया
लभेत कश्चिद् गुरुदुःखकर्शितः।
गताहमद्यैव परेतसंसदं
विना त्वया धेनुरिवात्मजेन वै ॥ २.२०.५३ ॥
If anyone wasted by great sorrow could by chance obtain an untimely death, then today I would indeed have gone to the assembly of the dead, without you, like a cow bereft of her calf.
2.20.54
अथापि किं जीवितमद्य मे वृथा
त्वया विना चन्द्रनिभाननप्रभ।
अनुव्रजिष्यामि वनं त्वयैव गौः
सुदुर्बला वत्समिवाभिकांक्षया ॥ २.२०.५४ ॥
Then, without you, what is this life of mine worth today? O you of moon-like face and radiance, I will follow you into the forest, as a very weak cow follows her calf out of longing.
2.20.55
भृशमसुखममर्षिता तदा
बहु विललाप समीक्ष्य राघवम्।
व्यसनमुपनिशाम्य सा महत्
सुतमिव बद्धमवेक्ष्य किंनरी ॥ २.२०.५५ ॥
Then, greatly distressed and unable to bear it, seeing Rāghava, she lamented much, like a female kiṃnara who, hearing of a great calamity, looks upon her son bound fast.