Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.140
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1.140.1
कृपस्यापि मम ब्रह्मन्संभवं वक्तुमर्हसि ।
शरस्तम्बात्कथं जज्ञे कथं वाऽस्त्राण्यवाप्तवान् ॥ १.१४०.१ ॥
O Brahmin, you ought to tell me also the birth of Kṛpa. How was he born from a clump of reeds, and how did he obtain the weapons?
1.140.2
महर्षेर्गौतमस्यासीच्छरद्वान्नाम गौतमः ।
पुत्रः किल महाराज जातः सहशरैर्विभो ॥ १.१४०.२ ॥
The great sage Gautama had a son named Śaradvān Gautama. O great king, O mighty one, he was indeed born together with arrows.
1.140.3
न तस्य वेदाध्ययने तथा बुद्धिरजायत ।
यथास्य बुद्धिरभवद्धनुर्वेदे परन्तप ॥ १.१४०.३ ॥
His mind did not take to the study of the Vedas as it took to the science of the bow. O scorcher of foes!
1.140.4
अधिजग्मुर्यथा वेदास्तपसा ब्रह्मचारिणः ।
तथा स तपसोपेतः सर्वाण्यस्त्राण्यवाप ह ॥ १.१४०.४ ॥
As celibate students acquire the Vedas through asceticism, so he, endowed with asceticism, indeed obtained all the weapons.
1.140.5
धनुर्वेदपरत्वाच्च तपसा विपुलेन च ।
भृशं सन्तापयामास देवराजं स गौतमः ॥ १.१४०.५ ॥
Through his devotion to the science of the bow and his vast asceticism, that Gautama greatly distressed the king of the gods.
1.140.6
ततो जालवतीं नाम देवकन्यां सुरेश्वरः ।
प्राहिणोत्तपसो विघ्नं कुरु तस्येति कौरव ॥ १.१४०.६ ॥
Then the lord of the gods sent a celestial maiden named Jālavatī, saying, 'Create an obstacle to his asceticism,' O Kaurava.
1.140.7
सा हि गत्वाऽऽश्रमं तस्य रमणीयं शरद्वतः ।
धनुर्बाणधरं बाला लोभयामास गौतमम् ॥ १.१४०.७ ॥
Having gone to the delightful hermitage of Śaradvat, the young girl tempted Gautama, who bore bow and arrows.
1.140.8
तामेकवसनां दृष्ट्वा गौतमोऽप्सरसं वने ।
लोकेऽप्रतिमसंस्थानां प्रोत्फुल्लनयनोऽभवत् ॥ १.१४०.८ ॥
Seeing her in the forest, wearing a single garment, a nymph of incomparable form in the world, Gautama's eyes grew wide open.
1.140.9
धनुश्च हि शरास्तस्य कराभ्यामपतन्भुवि ।
वेपथुश्चास्य सहसा शरीरे समजायत ॥ १.१४०.९ ॥
His bow and arrows slipped from his hands and fell to the ground, and a tremor suddenly arose in his body.
1.140.10
स तु ज्ञानगरीयस्त्वात्तपसश्च समर्थनात् ।
अवतस्थे महाप्राज्ञो धैर्येण परमेण ह ॥ १.१४०.१० ॥
But that very wise one, by the weight of his knowledge and the strength of his asceticism, stood firm with supreme steadiness.
1.140.11
यस्तस्य सहसा राजन्विकारः समदृश्यत ।
तेन सुस्राव रेतोऽस्य स च तन्नान्वबुध्यत ॥ १.१४०.११ ॥
O king, by that agitation which suddenly appeared in him, his seed flowed out, and he did not even perceive it.
1.140.12
धनुश्च सशरं त्यक्त्वा तथा कृष्णाजिनानि च ।
स विहायाश्रमं तं च तां चैवाप्सरसं मुनिः ॥ १.१४०.१२ ॥
Leaving behind his bow and arrows, and likewise his black antelope skins, the sage abandoned that hermitage and that nymph too, and went away.
1.140.13
जगाम रेतस्तत्तस्य शरस्तम्बे पपात च ।
शरस्तम्बे च पतितं द्विधा तदभवन्नृप ॥ १.१४०.१३ ॥
His seed flowed out and fell upon a clump of reeds; and the seed that fell upon the clump of reeds split into two, O king.
1.140.14
तस्याथ मिथुं जज्ञे गौतमस्य शरद्वतः ।
महर्षेर्गौतमस्यास्य ह्याश्रमस्य समीपतः
मृगयां चरतो राज्ञः शान्तनोस्तु यदृच्छया ॥ १.१४०.१४ ॥
From him, Śaradvat, the son of the great sage Gautama, was born as a pair of twins. Near that very hermitage of the great sage Gautama, King Śantanu, roaming on a hunt by chance, [came there].
1.140.15
कश्चित्सेनाचरोऽरण्ये मिथुनं तदपश्यत ।
धनुश्च सशरं दृष्ट्वा तथा कृष्णाजिनानि च ॥ १.१४०.१५ ॥
In the forest, a certain soldier saw those twins. Seeing the bow with its arrow, and also the black antelope skins, [he understood].
1.140.16
ज्ञात्वा द्विजस्य चापत्ये धनुर्वेदान्तगस्य ह ।
स राज्ञे दर्शयामास मिथुनं सशरं धनुः ॥ १.१४०.१६ ॥
Knowing that they were the offspring of a brahmin who had mastered the science of archery, he showed the king the pair and the bow with its arrow.
1.140.17
स तदादाय मिथुनं राजा च कृपयान्वितः ।
आजगाम गृहानेव मम पुत्राविति ब्रुवन् ॥ १.१४०.१७ ॥
Taking that pair, filled with compassion, the king came to his own home, saying, "These are my sons."
1.140.18
ततः संवर्धयामास संस्कारैश्चाप्ययोजयत् ।
प्रातिपेयो नरश्रेष्ठो मिथुनं गौतमस्य तत् ॥ १.१४०.१८ ॥
Then that best of men, Prātipeya (Śantanu), reared the twin pair of Gautama and had the rites performed upon them.
1.140.19
कृपया यन्मया बालाविमौ संवर्धिताविति ।
तस्मात्तयोर्नाम चक्रे तदेव स महीपतिः।
तस्मात्कृप इति ख्यातः कृपी कन्या च साऽभवत् ॥ १.१४०.१९ ॥
Out of compassion I raised these two boys; therefore the lord of the earth gave both of them that same name. Thus he became famous as Kṛpa, and the maiden became Kṛpī.
1.140.20
पितापि गौतमस्तत्र तपसा ताववन्दित ।
आगत्य तस्मै गोत्रादि सर्वमाख्यातवांस्तदा ॥ १.१४०.२० ॥
There their father Gautama also honored them through his austerity; coming to them, he then told them everything about his lineage and the rest.
1.140.21
कृपोऽपि च तदा राजन्धनुर्वेदपरोऽभवत् ।
चतुर्विधं धनुर्वेदं शास्त्राणि विविधानि च ॥ १.१४०.२१ ॥
And then Kṛpa too became devoted to the science of archery, O king, and to the fourfold archery-science and the various treatises.
1.140.22
निशिलेनास्य तत्सर्वं गुह्यमाख्यातवान्पिता ।
सोऽचिरेणैव कालेन परमाचार्यतां गतः ॥ १.१४०.२२ ॥
Their father taught him all that secret knowledge in full, and before long, in due time, he attained the supreme mastery of a teacher.
1.140.23
कृपमाहूय गाङ्गेयस्तव शिष्या इति ब्रुवन् ।
पौत्रान्परिसमाधाय कृपमाराधयत्तदा ॥ १.१४०.२३ ॥
Bhīṣma, son of Gaṅgā, summoned Kṛpa and, saying 'these are your pupils,' fully entrusted his grandsons to him and then honored Kṛpa.
1.140.24
ततोऽधिजग्मुः सर्वे ते धनुर्वेदं महारथाः ।
धृतराष्ट्रात्मजाश्चैव पाण्डवाः सह यादवैः ॥ १.१४०.२४ ॥
Then all those great chariot-warriors went to learn the science of archery—the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and the Pāṇḍavas as well, together with the Yādavas.
1.140.25
वृष्णयश्च नृपाश्चान्ये नानादेशसमागताः ।
कृपमाचार्यमासाद्य परमास्त्रज्ञतां गतः।
विशेषार्थी ततो भीष्मः पौत्राणां विनयेप्सया ॥ १.१४०.२५ ॥
The Vṛṣṇis, other kings, and men gathered from many lands went to the teacher Kṛpa and attained mastery of the supreme weapons. Then Bhīṣma, desiring to have his grandsons specially trained,
1.140.26
इष्वस्त्रज्ञान्पर्यपृच्छदाचार्यान्वीर्यसंमतान् ।
नाल्पधीर्नामहाभागस्तथा नानस्त्रकोविदः ॥ १.१४०.२६ ॥
He inquired about the teachers who knew the bow and weapons and were esteemed for valour. He was neither of small understanding, nor greatly fortunate, nor unskilled in weapons.
1.140.27
नादेवसत्वो विनयेत्कुरूनस्त्रे महावलान् ।
इति संचिन्त्य गाङ्गेयस्तदा भरतसत्तमः ॥ १.१४०.२७ ॥
One who lacks a divine nature would not train the mighty Kurus in weapons. Thinking thus, Gāṅgeya (Bhīṣma), best of the Bharatas, then
1.140.28
द्रोणाय वेदविदुषे भारद्वाजाय धमते ।
पाण्डवान्कौरवांश्चैव ददौ शिष्यान्नरर्षभ ॥ १.१४०.२८ ॥
To Droṇa, the son of Bharadvāja, learned in the Vedas and skilled, he gave the Pāṇḍavas and the Kauravas as disciples, O bull among men.
1.140.29
शास्त्रतः पूजितश्चैव सम्यक्तेन महात्मना ।
स भीष्मेण महाभागस्तुष्टोऽस्त्रविदुषां वरः ॥ १.१४०.२९ ॥
Honoured by the great-souled Bhīṣma properly and according to the scriptures, that greatly fortunate one, the best of those who know weapons, was pleased.
1.140.30
प्रतिजग्राह तान्सर्वाञ्शिष्यत्वेन महायशाः ।
शिक्षयामास च द्रोणो धनुर्वेदमशेषतः ॥ १.१४०.३० ॥
The illustrious Droṇa accepted them all as his pupils and taught them the science of the bow completely.
1.140.31
तेऽचिरेणैव कालेन सर्वशस्त्रविशारदाः ।
बभूवुः कौरवा राजन्पाण्डवाश्चामितौजसः ॥ १.१४०.३१ ॥
In a short time, O king, the Kauravas and the Pāṇḍavas of boundless vigor all became skilled in every weapon.
1.140.32
कथं समभवद्द्रोणः कथं चास्त्राण्यवाप्तवान् ।
कथं चागात्कुरून्ब्रह्मन्कस्य पुत्रः स वीर्यवान् ॥ १.१४०.३२ ॥
How did Droṇa come into being, and how did he obtain the weapons? How did that mighty one come to the Kurus, O brahmin? Whose son was he?
1.140.33
कथं चास्य सुतो जातः सोश्वत्थामाऽस्त्रवित्तमः ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं विस्तरेण प्रकीर्तय ॥ १.१४०.३३ ॥
And how was his son Aśvatthāman, the most skilled in weapons, born? I wish to hear this in full; please recount it.
1.140.34
गङ्गाद्वारं प्रति महान्बभूव भगवानृषिः ।
भरद्वाज इति ख्यातः सततं संशितव्रतः ॥ १.१४०.३४ ॥
Near the gate of the Gaṅgā there lived a great and revered sage, known by the name Bharadvāja, ever firm in his strict vows.
1.140.35
सोऽभिषेक्तुं गतो गङ्गां पूर्वमेवागतां सतीम् ।
महर्षिभिर्भरद्वाजो हविर्धाने चरन्पुरा ॥ १.१४०.३५ ॥
He went to bathe in the Gaṅgā, which had already come there before him. Bharadvāja, wandering earlier with the great sages at Havirdhāna, had come there.
1.140.36
ददर्शाप्सरसं साक्षाद्धृताचीमाप्लुतामृषिः ।
रूपयौवनसंपन्नां मददृप्तां मदालसाम् ॥ १.१४०.३६ ॥
The sage saw in person the apsaras Ghṛtācī bathing, endowed with beauty and youth, proud with intoxication and languid with intoxication.
1.140.37
तस्या वायुर्नदीतीर वसनं पर्यवर्तत ।
व्यपकृष्टाम्बरां दृष्ट्वा तामृषिश्चकमे ततः ॥ १.१४०.३७ ॥
On the river bank the wind blew her garment aside. Seeing her garment pulled away, the sage then desired her.
1.140.38
तत्र संसक्तमनसो भरद्वाजस्य धीमतः ।
हृष्टस्य रेतश्चस्कन्द तदृषिर्द्रोण आदधे ॥ १.१४०.३८ ॥
There, the wise Bharadvāja, his mind absorbed, aroused, let his seed fall; the sage placed it in a vessel called droṇa.
1.140.39
ततः समभवद्द्रोणः कलशे तस्य धीमतः ।
अध्यगीष्ट स वेदांश्च वेदाङ्गानि च सर्वशः ॥ १.१४०.३९ ॥
Then Droṇa came into being in the pot of that wise one, and he studied all the Vedas and the Vedāṅgas completely.
1.140.40
अग्नेरस्त्रमुपादाय यदृषिर्वेद काश्यपः ।
अध्यगच्छद्भरद्वाजस्तदस्त्रं देवकार्यतः ॥ १.१४०.४० ॥
Taking up the weapon of Agni which the sage Kāśyapa knew, Bharadvāja learned it for the sake of the gods' work.
1.140.41
अग्निवेश्यं महाभागं भरद्वाजः प्रतापवान् ।
प्रत्यपादयदाग्नेयमस्त्रमस्त्रविदां वरः ॥ १.१४०.४१ ॥
The mighty Bharadvāja, best of those who know weapons, imparted the Āgneya weapon to the greatly fortunate Agniveśya.
1.140.42
कनिष्ठजातं स मुनिर्भ्राता भ्रातरमन्तिके ।
अग्निवेश्यस्तथा द्रोणं तदा भरतसत्तम।
भारद्वाजं तदाग्नेयं महास्त्रं प्रत्यपादयत् ॥ १.१४०.४२ ॥
That sage Agniveśya, calling his younger brother Droṇa near, O best of the Bharatas, likewise imparted the great Āgneya weapon to Droṇa, son of Bharadvāja.
1.140.43
भरद्वाजसखा चासीत्पृषतो नाम पार्थिवः ।
तस्यापि द्रुपदो नाम तथा समभवत्सुतः ॥ १.१४०.४३ ॥
Pṛṣata, a king, was the friend of Bharadvāja. He too had a son named Drupada.
1.140.44
स नित्यमाश्रमं गत्वा द्रोणेन सह पार्थिवः ।
चिक्रीडाध्ययनं चैव चकार क्षत्रियर्षभः ॥ १.१४०.४४ ॥
That king, bull among kṣatriyas, daily went to the hermitage with Droṇa and played and studied.
1.140.45
ततो व्यतीते पृषते स राजा द्रुपदोऽभवत् ।
पञ्चालेषु महाबाहुरुत्तरेषु नरेश्वरः ॥ १.१४०.४५ ॥
Then, after Pṛṣata had passed away, that Drupada became the mighty-armed lord of men among the northern Pañcālas.
1.140.46
भरद्वाजोऽपि भगवानारुरोह दिवं तदा ।
तत्रैव च वसन्द्रोणस्तपस्तेपे महातपाः ॥ १.१४०.४६ ॥
Then the venerable Bharadvāja also ascended to heaven, and there, dwelling, great ascetic Droṇa performed austerities.
1.140.47
वेदवेदाङ्गविद्वान्स तपसा दग्धकिल्बिषः ।
ततः पितृनियुक्तात्मा पुत्रलोभान्महायशाः ॥ १.१४०.४७ ॥
He, knowing the Vedas and their limbs, his sins burned away by austerity, then, his mind directed by his forefathers and from desire for a son, became the great-famed one.
1.140.48
शारद्वतीं ततो भार्यां कृपीं द्रोणोऽन्वविन्दत ।
अग्निहोत्रे च धर्मे च दमे च सतत रताम् ॥ १.१४०.४८ ॥
Then Droṇa obtained as his wife Kṛpī, daughter of Śaradvat, who was always devoted to the fire-offering, to dharma and to self-restraint.
1.140.49
अलभद्गौतमी पुत्रमश्वत्थामानमेव च ।
स जातमात्रो व्यनदद्यथैवोच्चैःश्रवा हयः ॥ १.१४०.४९ ॥
Gautamī bore a son named Aśvatthāman. As soon as he was born he brayed loudly, like the horse Uccaiḥśravas.
1.140.50
तच्छ्रुत्वान्तर्हितं भूतमन्तरिक्षस्थमब्रवीत् ।
अश्वस्येवास्य यत्स्थाम नदतः प्रदिशो गतम् ॥ १.१४०.५० ॥
Hearing this, a being hidden in the sky spoke: "The strength of this one, whose roar, like that of a horse, has spread through all the directions...
1.140.51
अश्वत्थामैव बालोऽयं तस्मान्नाम्ना भविष्यति ।
सुतेन तेन सुप्रीतो भारद्वाजस्ततोऽभवत् ॥ १.१४०.५१ ॥
"This child shall indeed be known by the name Aśvatthāman." Greatly pleased with that son, Bhāradvāja (Droṇa) then became known as Bhāradvāja.
1.140.52
तत्रैव च वसन्धीमान्धनुर्वेदपरोऽभवत् ।
स शुश्राव महात्मानं जामदग्न्यं परंतपम् ॥ १.१४०.५२ ॥
Dwelling there, the wise one became devoted to the science of archery. He heard of the great-souled Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma), the scorcher of foes.
1.140.53
सर्वज्ञानविदं विप्रं सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरम् ।
ब्राह्मणेभ्यस्तदा राजन्दित्सन्तं वसु सर्वशः ॥ १.१४०.५३ ॥
concerning that brahmin, knower of all knowledge, best of all bearers of weapons, who at that time, O king, wished to give wealth to the brahmins in every way.
1.140.54
स रामस्य धनुर्वेदं दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि चैव ह ।
श्रउत्वा तेषु मनश्चक्रे नीतिशास्त्रे तथैव च ॥ १.१४०.५४ ॥
Having heard of Rāma's science of archery and his divine weapons, he fixed his mind upon them, and likewise upon the science of statecraft.
1.140.55
ततः स व्रतिभिः शिष्यैस्तपोयुक्तैर्महातपाः ।
वृतः प्रायान्महावाहुर्महेन्द्रं पर्वतोत्तमम् ॥ १.१४०.५५ ॥
Then the great ascetic, the mighty-armed one, surrounded by disciples who kept vows and were devoted to austerity, set out for Mahendra, the best of mountains.
1.140.56
ततो महेन्द्रमासाद्य भारद्वाजो महातपाः ।
क्षत्रघ्नं तममित्रघ्नमपश्यद्भृगुनन्दनम् ॥ १.१४०.५६ ॥
Then, having reached Mahendra, the great ascetic Bhāradvāja saw that son of Bhṛgu, slayer of kṣatriyas and destroyer of enemies.
1.140.57
ततो द्रोणो वृतः शिष्यैरुपगम्य भृगूद्वहम् ।
आचख्यावात्मनो नाम जन्म चाङ्गिरसः कुले ॥ १.१४०.५७ ॥
Then Droṇa, surrounded by his disciples, approached the foremost of the Bhṛgu line and declared his own name and his birth in the Āṅgirasa family.
1.140.58
निवेद्य शिरसा भूमौ पादौ चैवाभ्यवादयत् ।
ततस्तं सर्वमुत्सृज्य वनं जिगमिषुं तदा ॥ १.१४०.५८ ॥
Bowing his head to the ground at his feet, and then, having abandoned everything, he who desired to go to the forest…
1.140.59
जामदग्न्यं महात्मानं भारद्वाजोऽब्रवीदिदम् ।
भरद्वाजात्समुत्पन्नं तथा त्वं मामयोनिजम् ॥ १.१४०.५९ ॥
Bhāradvāja said this to the great-souled Jāmadagnya: "Just as you were born from Bharadvāja, so I too am not born of a womb…"
1.140.60
आगतं वित्तकामं मां विद्धि द्रोणं द्विजोत्तम ।
तमब्रवीन्महात्मा स सर्वक्षत्रियमर्दनः ॥ १.१४०.६० ॥
"Know me, best of the twice-born, to be Droṇa, who has come desiring wealth." Then that great-souled crusher of all kṣatriyas said to him…
1.140.61
स्वागतं ते द्विजश्रेष्ठ यदिच्छसि वदस्व मे ।
एवमुक्तस्तु रामेण भारद्वाजोऽब्रवीद्वचः ॥ १.१४०.६१ ॥
Welcome to you, best of the twice-born; say to me whatever you wish. Thus addressed by Rāma, the son of Bharadvāja spoke these words.
1.140.62
रामं प्रहरतां श्रेष्ठं दित्सन्तं विविधं वसु ।
अहं धनमनन्तं हि प्रार्थये विपुलव्रत ॥ १.१४०.६२ ॥
Rāma, best of warriors, being about to give various wealth, — I ask for boundless wealth, O you of great vows.
1.140.63
हिरण्यं मम यच्चान्यद्वसु किंचिदिह स्थितम् ।
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो मया दत्तं सर्वमेतत्तपोधन ॥ १.१४०.६३ ॥
All the gold and whatever other wealth remained here, I have given to the brahmins, O wealth of austerity.
1.140.64
तथैवेयं धरा देवी सागरान्ता सपत्तना ।
कश्यपाय मया दत्ता कृत्स्ना नगरमालिनी ॥ १.१४०.६४ ॥
In the same way, this goddess earth, ending at the sea, with her co-wives, adorned with cities — the whole of her I have given to Kaśyapa.
1.140.65
शरीरमात्रमेवाद्य ममेदमवशेषितम् ।
अस्त्राणि च महार्हाणि शस्त्राणि विविधानि च ॥ १.१४०.६५ ॥
Today what remains to me is only this body, and very precious missiles and various weapons.
1.140.66
अस्त्राणि वा शरीरं वा ब्रह्मञ्शस्त्राणि वा पुनः ।
वृणीष्व किं प्रयच्छामि तुभ्यं द्रोण वदाशु तत् ॥ १.१४०.६६ ॥
Choose, O brahmin: missiles, or the body, or weapons again. What shall I give you? Tell me quickly, Droṇa.
1.140.67
अस्त्राणि मे समग्राणि ससंहाराणि भार्गव ।
स प्रयोगरहस्यानि दातुमर्हस्यशेषतः ॥ १.१४०.६७ ॥
O Bhārgava, you should give me the weapons complete with their withdrawal formulas, together with the secrets of their use, entirely and without remainder.
1.140.68
एतद्वसु वसूनां हि सर्वेषां विप्रसत्तम ।
तथेत्युक्त्वा ततस्तस्मै प्रादादस्त्राणि भार्गवः।
सरहस्यव्रतं चैव धनुर्वेदमशेषतः ॥ १.१४०.६८ ॥
O best of Brahmins, this is indeed the greatest of all the treasures of the Vasus. Saying 'So be it,' the Bhārgava then gave him the weapons, and the science of the bow together with its secret observances, entirely.
1.140.69
प्रतिगृह्य तु तत्सर्वं कृतास्त्रे द्विजसत्तमः ।
प्रियं सखायं सुप्रीतो जगाम द्रुपदं प्रति ॥ १.१४०.६९ ॥
Having received all of it, that best of twice-born men, skilled in weapons and very pleased, went off toward his dear friend Drupada.