Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.153

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1.153.1

श्रुत्वा पाण्डुसुतान्वीरान्बलोद्रिक्तान्महौजसः ।
धृतराष्ट्रो महीपालश्चिन्तामगमदातुरः ॥ १.१५३.१ ॥

Having heard that the sons of Pāṇḍu were heroes, exceeding in strength and of great vigor, King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the protector of the earth, fell into anxious thought.

1.153.2

तत आहूय मन्त्रज्ञं राजशास्त्रार्थवित्तमम् ।
कणिकं मन्त्रिणां श्रेष्ठं धृतराष्ट्रऽब्रवीद्वचः ॥ १.१५३.२ ॥

Then, summoning Kaṇika, who knew counsel, who was most learned in the meaning of the science of kings, and who was the best of ministers, Dhṛtarāṣṭra spoke these words.

1.153.3

उत्सक्ताः पाण्डवा नित्यं तेभ्योऽसूये द्विजोत्तम ।
तत्र मे निश्चिततमं सन्धिविग्रहकारणम्।
कणिक त्वं ममाचक्ष्व करिष्ये वचनं तव ॥ १.१५३.३ ॥

The Pāṇḍavas are always full of spirit, and, best of the twice-born, I am envious of them. Tell me, Kaṇika, the most certain cause of peace or war in this matter; I shall act according to your word.

1.153.4

दुर्योधनोऽथ शकुनिः कर्णदुःशासनावपि ।
कणिकं ह्युपसंगृह्य मन्त्रिणं सौबलस्य च ॥ १.१५३.४ ॥

Then Duryodhana, Śakuni, Karṇa and Duḥśāsana also drew close to Kaṇika, the minister of Saubala's son, and took hold of him.

1.153.5

पप्रच्छुर्भरतश्रेष्ठ पाण्डवान्प्रति नैकधा ।
प्रबुद्धाः पाण्डवा नित्यं सर्वे तेभ्यस्त्रसामहे ॥ १.१५३.५ ॥

Best of the Bharatas, they questioned him about the Pāṇḍavas in many ways. The Pāṇḍavas are always alert; we all fear them.

1.153.6

अनूनं सर्वपक्षाणां यद्भवेत्क्षेमकारकम् ।
भारद्वाज तदाचक्ष्व करिष्यामः कथं वयम् ॥ १.१५३.६ ॥

Tell me, son of Bharadvāja, what would wholly bring welfare to all parties; how shall we do it?

1.153.7

स प्रसन्नमनास्तेन परिपृष्टो द्विजोत्तमः ।
उवाच वचनं तीक्ष्णं राजशास्त्रार्थदर्शनम् ॥ १.१५३.७ ॥

Thus questioned by him, the best of twice-born, with a pleased mind, spoke sharp words that set forth the meaning of the science of kingship.

1.153.8

शृणु राजन्निदं तत्र प्रोच्यमानं मयानघ ।
न मेऽभ्यसूया कर्तव्या श्रुत्वैतत्कुरुसत्तम ॥ १.१५३.८ ॥

Listen, O king, to what is being said here by me. O sinless one, best of the Kurus, having heard this, you should not feel resentment toward me.

1.153.9

नित्यमुद्यतदण्डः स्यान्नित्यं विवृतपौरुषः ।
अच्छिद्रश्छिद्रदर्शी स्यात्परेषां विवरानुगः ॥ १.१५३.९ ॥

The king should always keep the rod raised, always display his manly vigour. Let him be without flaw himself, seeing the flaws of others and following their openings.

1.153.10

नित्यमुद्यतदण्डाद्धि भऋशमुद्विजते जनः ।
तस्मात्सर्वाणि कार्याणि दण्डेनैव विधारयेत् ॥ १.१५३.१० ॥

People are greatly terrified by the rod that is always raised. Therefore all affairs should be maintained by the rod alone.

1.153.11

नास्य च्छिद्रं परः पश्येच्छिद्रेण परमन्वियात् ।
गूहेत्कूर्म इवाङ्गानि रक्षेद्विवरमात्मनः ॥ १.१५३.११ ॥

Let no other see his flaw; let him pursue another through an opening. Like a tortoise hiding its limbs, let him conceal himself and guard his own opening.

1.153.12

नित्यं च ब्राह्मणाः पूज्या नृपेण हितमिच्छता ।
सृष्टो नृपो हि विप्रामां पालने दुष्टनिग्रहे ॥ १.१५३.१२ ॥

A king who desires welfare should always honour the brahmins, for the king was created for protecting the brahmins and restraining the wicked.

1.153.13

उभाब्यां वर्धते धर्मो धर्मवृद्ध्या जितावुभौ ।
लोकश्चायं परश्चैव ततो धर्मं समाचरेत् ॥ १.१५३.१३ ॥

Dharma grows through both, and through the growth of dharma both worlds are won; therefore one should practise dharma.

1.153.14

कृतापराधं पुरुषं दृष्ट्वा यः क्षमते नृपः ।
तेनावमानमाप्नोति पापं चेह परत्र च ॥ १.१५३.१४ ॥

The king who forgives a man who has committed an offence incurs disgrace, and sin both here and hereafter.

1.153.15

यो विभूतिमवाप्योच्चै राज्ञो विकुरुतेऽधमः ।
तमानयित्वा हत्वा च दद्याद्धीनाय तद्धनम् ॥ १.१५३.१५ ॥

A base man who, having obtained great prosperity, acts wrongly against the king—having him brought and slain, one should give his wealth to the destitute.

1.153.16

नो चेद्धुरि नियुक्ता ये स्थास्यन्ति वशमात्मनः ।
राजा नियुञ्ज्यात्पुरुषानाप्तान्धर्मार्थकोविदान् ॥ १.१५३.१६ ॥

Otherwise those who are appointed to their burden will not stand under their own control; therefore the king should appoint trustworthy men learned in dharma and artha.

1.153.17

ये नियुक्तास्तथा केचिद्राष्ट्रं वा यदि वा पुरम् ।
ग्रामं जनपदं वापि बाधेयुर्यदि वा न वा ॥ १.१५३.१७ ॥

Whether some of those appointed would oppress the realm, city, village or district, or not—whether they oppress or not.

1.153.18

परीक्षणार्थं विसृजेदानतांश्छन्नरूपिणः ।
परीक्ष्य पापकं जह्याद्धनमादाय सर्वशः ॥ १.१५३.१८ ॥

One should send out humble men in disguise to test them; having tested, one should discard the wicked one and take all his wealth.

1.153.19

नासम्यक्कृत्यकारी स्यादुपक्रम्य कदाचन ।
कण्टको ह्यपि दुश्छिन्न आस्रावं जनयेच्चिरम् ॥ १.१५३.१९ ॥

One who has begun an action should never carry it out improperly; for even a thorn, if badly cut, keeps a wound oozing for a long time.

1.153.20

वधमेव प्रशंसन्ति शत्रूणामपकारिणाम् ।
सुविदीर्णं सुविक्रान्तं सुयुद्धं सुपलायितम् ॥ १.१५३.२० ॥

It is only the destruction of enemies and of those who do harm that men praise: to scatter them well, to show valour well, to fight well, and even to flee well.

1.153.21

आपद्यापदि काले कुर्वीत न विचारयेत् ।
नावज्ञेयो रिपुस्तात दुर्बलोऽपि कथं चन ॥ १.१५३.२१ ॥

In calamity, at the proper moment, one should act without deliberating. Dear son, an enemy is never to be despised, even if he is weak in any way.

1.153.22

अल्पोऽप्यग्निर्वनं कृत्स्नं दहत्याश्रयसंश्रयात् ।
अन्धः स्यादन्धवेलायां बाधिर्यमपि चाश्रयेत् ॥ १.१५३.२२ ॥

Even a small fire, given fuel to rest upon, burns an entire forest. In a time of darkness one should become like a blind man, and even take refuge in deafness.

1.153.23

कुर्यात्तृणमयं चापं शयीत मृगशायिकाम् ।
सान्त्वादिभिरुपायैस्तु हन्याच्छत्रुं वशे स्थितं ॥ १.१५३.२३ ॥

One should make a bow of grass and lie down like a deer in its bed; but by conciliation and the like, one should slay the enemy who stands within one's control.

1.153.24

दया न तस्मिन्कर्तव्या शरणागत इत्युत ।
निरुद्विग्नो हि भवति न हताज्जायते भयम् ॥ १.१५३.२४ ॥

Compassion should not be shown toward him, even if he has come seeking refuge; for a man becomes free from anxiety only when the enemy is slain, and from one who is slain no fear arises.

1.153.25

हन्यादमित्रं दानेन तथा पूर्वापकारिणम् ।
हन्यात्त्रीन्पञ्च सप्तेति परपक्षस्य सर्वशः ॥ १.१५३.२५ ॥

One should destroy an enemy with gifts, and likewise one who has harmed one before. Of the opposing side, one should destroy three, five or seven, entirely.

1.153.26

मूलमेवादितश्छिन्द्यात्परपक्षस्य नित्यशः ।
ततः सहायांस्तत्पक्षान्सर्वांश्च तदनन्तरम् ॥ १.१५३.२६ ॥

One should always cut out the root of the opposing side from the very beginning; then one should cut off its allies, and all those on its side, afterwards.

1.153.27

छिन्नमूले ह्यधिष्ठाने सर्वे तज्जीविनो हताः ।
कथं नु शाखास्तिष्ठेरंश्छिन्नमूले वनस्पतौ ॥ १.१५३.२७ ॥

When the root and base are cut, all who live upon it are slain. How could the branches stand when the root of the tree is cut?

1.153.28

एकाग्रः स्यादविवृतो नित्यं विवरदर्शकः ।
राजन्नित्यं सपत्नेषु नित्योद्विग्नः समाचरेत् ॥ १.१५३.२८ ॥

A king should always be single-minded, not reveal himself, and watch for the openings of his enemies. O king, he should always act with anxiety toward his rivals.

1.153.29

अग्न्याधानेन यज्ञेन काषायेण जटाजिनैः ।
लोकान्विश्वासयित्वैव ततो लुम्पेद्यथा वृकः ॥ १.१५३.२९ ॥

Having won the trust of people through the kindling of sacred fire, sacrifice, ochre robes, matted locks and antelope skins, one should then plunder them like a wolf.

1.153.30

अङ्कुशं शोचमित्याहुरर्थानामुपधारणे ।
आनाम्य फलितां शाखां पक्वं पक्वं प्रशातयेत् ॥ १.१५३.३० ॥

Goad and purity, they say, are the means of holding onto wealth; bending down the fruit-laden branch, one should pluck the ripe fruit one by one.

1.153.31

फलार्थोऽयं समारम्भो लोके पुंसां विपश्चिताम् ।
वहेदमित्रं स्कन्धेन यावत्कालस्य पर्ययः ॥ १.१५३.३१ ॥

This effort is undertaken for the sake of fruit. In the world, the wise should carry the enemy on their shoulder until the cycle of time turns.

1.153.32

ततः प्रत्यागते काले भिन्द्याद्धृटमिवाश्मनि ।
अमित्रो न विमोक्तव्यः कृपणं बह्वपि ब्रुवन् ॥ १.१५३.३२ ॥

Then, when the time has come, the enemy should be smashed like a pot on a stone; though he speak much in pitiful tones, he must not be released.

1.153.33

कृपा न तस्मिन्कर्तव्या हन्यादेवापकारिणम् ।
हन्यादमित्रं सान्त्वेन तथा दानेन वा पुनः ॥ १.१५३.३३ ॥

No compassion should be shown toward him; the wrongdoer must surely be slain. The enemy should be slain by conciliation, and again by gifts.

1.153.34

तथैव भेददण्डाभ्यां सर्वोपायैः प्रशातयेत् ।
कथं सान्त्वेन दानेन भेदैर्दण्डेन वा पुनः ॥ १.१५३.३४ ॥

Likewise, the enemy should be subdued by division and punishment, by every means. But how, by conciliation, by gifts, by division, or by punishment?

1.153.35

अमित्रः शक्यते हन्तुं तन्मे ब्रूहि यथातथम् ।
शृणु राजन्यथा वृत्तं वने निवसतः पुरा ॥ १.१५३.३५ ॥

Tell me exactly how an enemy can be slain. Listen, O king, to what happened long ago to those who dwelt in the forest.

1.153.36

जम्बुकस्य महाराज नीतिशास्त्रार्थदर्शिनः ।
अथ कश्चित्कृतप्रज्ञः शृगालः स्वार्थपण्डितः ॥ १.१५३.३६ ॥

Hear, great king, the tale of a jackal who saw the meaning of the treatises on policy: a certain jackal of ready wisdom, skilled in his own interest.

1.153.37

सखिभिर्न्यवसत्सार्धं व्याघ्राखुवृकबभ्रुभिः ।
तेऽपश्यन्विपिने तस्मिन्बलिनं मृगयूथपम् ॥ १.१५३.३७ ॥

He dwelt together with friends: the tiger, the mouse, the wolf and the brown jackal. In that forest they saw a strong lord of the deer herd.

1.153.38

अशक्ता ग्रहणे तस्य ततो मन्त्रममन्त्रयन् ।
असकृद्यतितो ह्येष हन्तुं व्याघ्र वने त्वया ॥ १.१५३.३८ ॥

Unable to seize him, they then took counsel. O tiger, you have struggled again and again in the forest to kill him.

1.153.39

युवा वै जवसंपन्नो बुद्धिशाली न शक्यते ।
मूषिकोऽस्य शयानस्य चरणौ भक्षयत्वयम् ॥ १.१५३.३९ ॥

He is young, endowed with speed, and clever, so he cannot be seized. Let the mouse gnaw the feet of this one while he sleeps.

1.153.40

अथैनं भक्षितैः पादैर्व्याघ्रो गृह्णातु वै ततः ।
ततो वै भक्षयिष्यामः सर्वे मुदितमानसाः ॥ १.१५३.४० ॥

Then, once his feet have been gnawed, let the tiger seize him. After that we shall all eat him with gladdened hearts.

1.153.41

जम्बुकस्य तु तद्वाक्यं तथा चक्रः समाहिताः ।
मूषिकाभक्षितैः पादैर्मृगं व्याघ्रोऽवधीत्तदा ॥ १.१५३.४१ ॥

They all attentively did as the jackal's word had said. Then the tiger killed the deer, whose feet had been gnawed by the mice.

1.153.42

दृष्ट्वैवाचेष्टमानं तु भूमौ मृगकलेवरम् ।
स्नात्वाऽऽगच्छत भद्रं वोरक्षामीत्याह जम्बुकः ॥ १.१५३.४२ ॥

Seeing the deer's body writhing on the ground, the jackal said: 'Go and bathe, may good fortune be yours; I will keep watch.'

1.153.43

शृगालवचनात्तेऽपि गताः सर्वे नदीं ततः ।
स चिन्तापरमो भूत्वा तस्थौ तत्रैव जम्बुकः ॥ १.१५३.४३ ॥

At the jackal's words, all of them went off to the river. Then the jackal, utterly absorbed in anxious thought, stood right there.

1.153.44

अथाजगाम पूर्वं तु स्नात्वा व्याघ्रो महाबलः ।
ददर्श जम्बुकं चैव चिन्ताकुलितमानसम् ॥ १.१५३.४४ ॥

Then the mighty tiger, having bathed, arrived first and saw the jackal, his mind troubled by anxiety.

1.153.45

किं शोचसि महाप्राज्ञ त्वं नो बुद्धिमतां वरः ।
अशित्वा पिशितान्यद्य विहरिष्यामहे वयम् ॥ १.१५३.४५ ॥

Why do you grieve, O greatly wise one, best of us who are intelligent? Having eaten flesh today, we shall go about at ease.

1.153.46

शृणु मे त्वं महाबाहो यद्वाक्यं मूषिकोऽब्रवीत् ।
धिग्बलं मृगराजस्य मयाद्यायं मृगो हतः ॥ १.१५३.४६ ॥

Listen to me, O mighty-armed one, to the words the mouse spoke: 'Shame upon the strength of the lion king! Today I have killed this deer myself.'

1.153.47

मद्बाहुबलमाश्रित्य तृप्तिमद्य गमिष्यति ।
तस्यैवं गर्जितं श्रुत्वा ततो भक्ष्यं न रोचये ॥ १.१५३.४७ ॥

Relying on the strength of my arms, he will be satisfied today. Having heard his roaring boast, I have no taste for food.

1.153.48

ब्रवीति यदि स ह्येवं काले ह्यस्मि प्रबोधितः ।
स्वबाहुबलमाश्रित्य हनिष्येऽहं वनेचरान् ॥ १.१५३.४८ ॥

If he says this, then I have been roused at the right time. Relying on the strength of my own arms, I shall kill the forest-dwellers.

1.153.49

खादिष्ये तत्र मांसानि इत्युक्त्वा प्रस्थितोवनम् ।
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु मूषिकोऽप्याजगाम ह ॥ १.१५३.४९ ॥

Having said, "There I will eat flesh," he set out for the forest. At that very moment a mouse also came there.

1.153.50

तमागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य शृगालोऽप्यब्रवीद्वचः ।
शृणु मीषिक भद्रं ते नकुलो यदिहाब्रवीत् ॥ १.१५३.५० ॥

Seeing him come, the jackal also spoke these words: "Listen, mouse, may it go well for you. Hear what the mongoose said here."

1.153.51

मृगमांसं न खादेयं गरमेतन्न रोचते ।
मूषिकं भक्षयिष्यामि तद्भवाननुमन्यताम् ॥ १.१५३.५१ ॥

I will not eat deer flesh; this does not please me like poison. I will eat the mouse — may you approve of that.

1.153.52

तच्छ्रुत्वा मूषिको वाक्यं संत्रस्तः प्रगतो बिलम् ।
ततः स्नात्वा स वै तत्र आजगाम वृको नपृ ॥ १.१५३.५२ ॥

Hearing these words, the terrified mouse fled into its hole. Then, O king, the wolf came there after bathing.

1.153.53

तमागतमिदं वाक्यमब्रवीज्जम्बुकस्तदा ।
मृगराजो हि संक्रुद्धो न ते साधु भविष्यति ॥ १.१५३.५३ ॥

Seeing him come, the jackal then said: "The king of beasts, the lion, is greatly angered; this will not go well for you."

1.153.54

सकलत्रस्त्विहायाति कुरुष्व यदनन्तरम् ।
एवं संचोदितस्तेन जम्बुकेन तदा वृकः ॥ १.१५३.५४ ॥

"Come here with your wife, and then do what is to be done." Thus urged by that jackal, the wolf —

1.153.55

ततोऽवलुम्पनं कृत्वा प्रयातः पिशिताशनः ।
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु नकुलोऽप्याजगाम ह ॥ १.१५३.५५ ॥

Then, having plundered, the flesh-eater departed; at that very moment the mongoose also arrived.

1.153.56

तमुवाच महाराज नकुलं जम्बुको वने ।
स्वबाहुबलमाश्रित्य निर्जितास्तेऽन्यतो गताः ॥ १.१५३.५६ ॥

O great king, in the forest the jackal said to the mongoose: 'Relying on the strength of their own arms, they conquered; and having conquered, they have gone elsewhere.'

1.153.57

मम दत्वा नियुद्धं त्वं भुङ्क्ष्व मांसं यथेप्सितम् ।
मृगराजो वृकश्चैव बुद्धिमानपि मूषिकः ॥ १.१५३.५७ ॥

Giving me the contest, eat flesh as you wish. The king of beasts, the wolf, and even the wise mouse have been conquered.

1.153.58

निर्जिता यत्त्वया वीरास्तस्माद्वीरतरो भवान् ।
न त्वयाप्युत्सहे योद्धुमित्युक्त्वा सोऽप्युपागमत् ॥ १.१५३.५८ ॥

'Since you have conquered heroes, you are a greater hero. I do not dare to fight even you.' Having said this, he too departed.

1.153.59

एवं तेषु प्रयातेषु जम्बुको हृष्टमानसः ।
खादति स्म तदा मांसमेकः सन्मन्त्रनिश्चयात्।
एवं समाचरन्नित्यं सुखमेधेत भूपतिः ॥ १.१५३.५९ ॥

When they had thus departed, the jackal, glad at heart, ate the flesh alone, by the resolve of sound counsel. A king who always acts in this way prospers in happiness.

1.153.60

भयेन भेदयेद्भीरुं शूरमञ्जलिकर्मणा ।
लुब्धमर्थप्रदानेन समं न्यूनं तथौजसा ॥ १.१५३.६० ॥

One should divide the timid by fear, the brave by the gesture of reverent joined palms, the greedy by giving wealth; and by force one should divide equals as well as the weaker.

1.153.61

एवं ते कथितं राजन् शृणु चाप्यपरं तथा ॥ १.१५३.६१ ॥

Thus has this been told to you, O king. Hear also another, in the same way.

1.153.62

पुत्रः सखा वा भ्राता वा पिता वा यदि वा गुरुः ।
रिपुस्यानेषु वर्तन्तो हन्तव्या भूतिमिच्छता ॥ १.१५३.६२ ॥

Whether a son, a friend, a brother, a father, or a teacher, those who stand in the position of an enemy are to be slain by one who desires prosperity.

1.153.63

शपथेनाप्यरिं हन्यादर्थदानेन वा पुनः ।
विषेण मायया वापि नोपेक्षेते कथंचन।
उभौ चेत्संशयोपेतौ श्रद्धवांस्तत्र वर्धते ॥ १.१५३.६३ ॥

One may slay an enemy by oath, or by the gift of wealth, or by poison or by deceit; one should in no way neglect him. If both are beset with doubt, the one who trusts there prospers.

1.153.64

गुरोरप्यवलिप्तस्य कार्याकार्यमजानतः ।
उत्पथं प्रतिपन्नस्य न्याय्यं भवति शासनम् ॥ १.१५३.६४ ॥

Even a teacher who is arrogant, who does not know what should and should not be done, and who has gone astray from the right path, is rightly subject to chastisement.

1.153.65

क्रुद्धोऽप्यक्रुद्धरूपः स्यात्स्मितपूर्वाभिभाषिता ।
न चैनं क्रोधसंदीप्तं विद्यात्कश्चित्कथंचन।
न चाप्यन्यमपध्वंसेत्कदाचित्कोपसंयुतः ॥ १.१५३.६५ ॥

Though angry, he should appear unangry and speak with a smile first. No one should know him to be blazing with anger, and though filled with wrath, he should never ruin another.

1.153.66

प्रहरिष्यन्प्रियं ब्रूयात्प्रहरन्नपि भारत ।
प्रहृत्य च प्रियं ब्रूयाच्छोचन्निव रुदन्निव ॥ १.१५३.६६ ॥

O descendant of Bharata, one about to strike should speak pleasant words; even while striking, he should speak pleasantly. Having struck, he should speak pleasant words, as if grieving, as if weeping.

1.153.67

आश्वासयेच्चापि परं सान्त्वधर्मार्थवृत्तिभिः ।
अथ तं प्रहरेत्काले तथा विचलितं पथि ॥ १.१५३.६७ ॥

One should reassure the other with conciliatory words, with dharma, wealth and conduct; then, at the right time, strike him when he wavers on the path.

1.153.68

अपि घोरापराधस्य धर्ममाश्रित्य तिष्ठतः ।
स हि प्रच्छाद्यते दोषः शैलो मेघैरिवासितैः ॥ १.१५३.६८ ॥

Even one who has committed a terrible offence, if he stands relying upon dharma, has his fault concealed, just as a mountain is hidden by dark clouds.

1.153.69

यः स्यादनुप्राप्तवधस्तस्यागारं प्रदीपयेत् ।
अधनान्नास्तिकांश्चोरान्विषकर्मसु योजयेत् ॥ १.१५३.६९ ॥

Whoever has become deserving of death, one should set fire to his house; one should employ the poor, the unbelievers and thieves in poisoning tasks.

1.153.70

प्रत्युत्थानासनाद्येन संप्रदानेन केनचित् ।
अतिविश्रब्धघाती स्यात्तीक्ष्णंदष्ट्रो निमग्नकः ॥ १.१५३.७० ॥

By rising to greet, offering a seat and the like, or by some gift, one should become the killer of one who trusts completely; sharp-fanged, hidden like a snake beneath water.

1.153.71

अशङ्कितेभ्यः शङ्केत शङ्कितेभ्यश्च सर्वशः ।
अशङ्क्याद्भयमुत्पन्नमपि मूलं निकृन्तति ॥ १.१५३.७१ ॥

One should be wary even of those not suspected, and wary in every way of those who are suspected; fear arising from what was never suspected cuts off even the root.

1.153.72

न विश्वसेदविश्वस्ते विश्वस्ते नातिविश्वसेत् ।
विश्वासाद्भयमुत्पन्नं मूलान्यपि निकृन्तति ॥ १.१५३.७२ ॥

One should not trust one who is untrustworthy, and should not place excessive trust even in one who is trusted; fear arising from trust cuts off even the roots.

1.153.73

चारः सुविहितः कार्य आत्मनश्च परस्य वा ।
पाषण्डांस्तापसादींश्च परराष्ट्रेषु योजयेत् ॥ १.१५३.७३ ॥

Well-appointed spies should be kept in one's own realm and in another's. Heterodox sectarians, hermits and the like should be placed in foreign kingdoms.

1.153.74

उद्यानेषु विहारेषु देवतायतनेषु च ।
पानागारेषु रथ्यासु सर्वतीर्थेषु चाप्यथ ॥ १.१५३.७४ ॥

In parks, pleasure grounds, temples of the gods, taverns, streets, and at all the sacred bathing places as well.

1.153.75

चत्वरेषु च कूपेषु पर्वतेषु वनेषु च ।
समवायेषु सर्वेषु सरित्सु च विचारयेत् ॥ १.१५३.७५ ॥

At crossroads, wells, mountains, forests, assemblies, and on all the rivers, he should keep watch.

1.153.76

वाचा भृशं विनीतः स्याद्धृदयेन तथा क्षुरः ।
स्मितपूर्वाभिभाषी स्यात्सृष्टो रौद्रस्य कर्मणः ॥ १.१५३.७६ ॥

Let him be very humble in speech, but sharp as a blade at heart. Let him speak beginning with a smile, and be sent out upon a cruel deed.

1.153.77

अञ्जलिः शपथः सान्त्वं शिरसा पादवन्दनम् ।
आशाकरणमित्येवं कर्तव्यं भूतिमिच्छता ॥ १.१५३.७७ ॥

Folded hands, an oath, soothing words, bowing the head at the feet, and giving hope — in this way one who desires prosperity should act.

1.153.78

सुपुष्पितः स्यादफलः फलवान्स्याद्दुरारुहः ।
आमः स्यात्पक्वसङ्काशो नच जीर्येत कर्हिचित् ॥ १.१५३.७८ ॥

Let him be like a tree in full flower yet bearing no fruit; bearing fruit yet hard to climb. Let him appear ripe though unripe, and never be worn out.

1.153.79

त्रिवर्गे त्रिविधा पीडा ह्यनुबन्धास्तथैव च ।
अनुबन्धाः शुभा ज्ञेयाः पीडास्तु परिवर्जयेत् ॥ १.१५३.७९ ॥

In the threefold aim there are three kinds of affliction, and so too their consequences. Auspicious consequences should be known; afflictions should be avoided.

1.153.80

धर्मं विचरतः पीडा सापि द्वाभ्यां नियच्छति ।
अर्थं चाप्यर्थलुब्धस्य कामं चातिप्रवर्तिनः ॥ १.१५३.८० ॥

The affliction of one who walks in dharma is also restrained by two things: for the one greedy for wealth, by wealth; and for the one who indulges excessively in desire, by desire.

1.153.81

अगर्वितात्मा युक्तश्च सान्त्वयुक्तोऽनसूयिता ।
अवेक्षितार्थः शुद्धात्मा मन्त्रयीत द्विजैः सहा ॥ १.१५३.८१ ॥

One whose self is free of pride, disciplined, endowed with conciliation, free of envy, who examines matters and is pure in spirit, should take counsel with the twice-born.

1.153.82

कर्मणा येन केनैव मृदुना दारुणेन च ।
उद्धरेद्दीनमात्मानं समर्थो धर्ममाचरेत् ॥ १.१५३.८२ ॥

By whatever action, gentle or harsh, one should lift up the wretched self; the capable one should practise dharma.

1.153.83

न संशयमनारुह्य नरो भद्राणि पश्यति ।
संशयं पुनरारुह्य यदि जीवति पश्यति ॥ १.१५३.८३ ॥

A man who does not venture into uncertainty does not see good fortune; but one who ventures into uncertainty and survives, sees it.

1.153.84

यस्य बुद्धिः परिभवेत्तमतीतेन सान्त्वयेत् ।
अनागतेन दुर्बुद्धिं प्रत्युत्पन्नेन पण्डितम् ॥ १.१५३.८४ ॥

One whose understanding is confounded should be calmed by the past; the foolish by the future; and the wise by the present.

1.153.85

योऽरिणा सह सन्धाय शयीत कृतकृत्यवत् ।
स वृक्षाग्रे यथा सुप्तः पतितः प्रतिबुध्यते ॥ १.१५३.८५ ॥

He who, having made a truce with an enemy, sleeps as though his task were done, wakes as one who has fallen while sleeping on a treetop.

1.153.86

मन्त्रसंवरणे यत्नः सदा कार्योऽनसूयता ।
आकारमभिरक्षेत चारेणाप्यनुपालितः ॥ १.१५३.८६ ॥

One should always strive to guard the secrecy of counsel, without envy or fault-finding; even when protected by spies, one should guard one's outward appearance.

1.153.87

न रात्रौ मन्त्रयेद्विद्वान्न च कैश्चिदुपासितः ।
प्रासादाग्रे शिलाग्रे वा विशाले विजनेपि वा ॥ १.१५३.८७ ॥

A wise man should not take counsel at night, nor when anyone is watching; nor on a palace roof, a rock summit, in an open space, or even in a lonely place.

1.153.88

समन्तात्तत्र पश्यद्भिः सहाप्तैरेव मन्त्रयेत् ।
नैव संवेशयेत्तत्र मन्त्रवेश्मनि शारिकाम् ॥ १.१५३.८८ ॥

There, one should deliberate only with trusted men who keep watch on all sides; and one should not even let a myna bird enter the chamber of counsel.

1.153.89

शुकान्वा शारिका वापि बालमूर्खजडानपि ।
प्रविष्टानपि निर्वास्य मन्त्रयेद्धार्मिकैर्द्विजैः ॥ १.१५३.८९ ॥

Parrots or mynas, children, fools and dullards, even if they have entered, should be expelled before counsel is taken with righteous brahmins.

1.153.90

नीतिज्ञैर्न्यायशास्त्रज्ञैरितिहासे सुनिष्ठितैः ।
रक्षां मन्त्रस्य निश्छिद्रां मन्त्रान्ते निश्चयेत्स्वयम् ॥ १.१५३.९० ॥

One should deliberate with those who know policy and the science of law and are well versed in the histories; one should keep the counsel's protection without a gap, and at the end of counsel decide for oneself.

1.153.91

वीरोपवर्णितात्तस्माद्धर्मार्थाभ्यामथात्मना ।
एकेन वाथ विप्रेण ज्ञातबुद्धिर्विनिश्चयेत् ॥ १.१५३.९१ ॥

Therefore, by dharma and wealth as praised by heroes, or by oneself, or with a single brahmin whose intellect is known, one should come to a firm decision.

1.153.92

तृतीयेन न चान्येन व्रजेन्निश्चयमात्मवान् ।
षट्कर्णश्छिद्यते मन्त्र इति नीतिषु पठ्यते ॥ १.१५३.९२ ॥

A self-controlled man should not reach a decision with a third person or with another; in the treatises of policy it is recited that 'counsel reaching six ears is broken'.

1.153.93

निःसृतो नाशयेन्मन्त्रो हस्तप्राप्तामपि श्रियम् ।
स्वमतं च परेषां च विचार्य च पुनःपुनः।
गुणवद्वाक्यमादद्यान्नैव तृप्येद्विचक्षणः ॥ १.१५३.९३ ॥

Counsel let out destroys even the fortune that has come into one's hand. Having considered one's own opinion and those of others again and again, one should accept only a sound word; the wise man should not be satisfied with himself alone.

1.153.94

नाच्छित्वा परमर्माणि नाकृत्वा कर्म दारुणम् ।
नाहत्वा मत्स्यघातीव प्राप्नोति महतीं श्रियम् ॥ १.१५३.९४ ॥

Without cutting the vital points of an enemy, without doing a cruel deed, and without striking like a fisherman, one does not obtain great fortune.

1.153.95

कर्शितं व्याधितं क्लिन्नमपानीयमघासकम् ।
परिविश्वस्तमन्दं च प्रहर्तव्यमरेर्बलम् ॥ १.१५३.९५ ॥

The enemy's army, when weakened, diseased, drenched, without water, sleeping in misery, fully trusting and dull, should be struck.

1.153.96

नार्थिकोऽर्थिनमभ्येति कृतार्थे नास्ति सङ्गतम् ।
तस्मात्सर्वाणि साध्यानि सावशेषाणि कारयेत् ॥ १.१५३.९६ ॥

A seeker of wealth does not approach another seeker; with one whose aim is accomplished there is no connection. Therefore all tasks should be brought about while leaving something remaining.

1.153.97

संग्रहे विग्रहे चैव यत्नः कार्योऽनसूयता ।
उत्साहश्चापि यत्नेन कर्तव्यो भूतिमिच्छता ॥ १.१५३.९७ ॥

In gathering and in war one should make effort, without envy. He who desires prosperity should, with effort, also keep up his energy.

1.153.98

नास्य कृत्यानि बुध्येरन्मित्राणि रिपवस्तथा ।
आरब्धान्येव पश्येरन्सुपर्यवसितान्यपि ॥ १.१५३.९८ ॥

His undertakings should not be known to friends or enemies. They should see only what has been begun, even if it has been fully brought to completion.

1.153.99

भीतवत्संविधातव्यं यावद्भयमनागतम् ।
आगतं तु भयं दृष्ट्वा प्रहर्तव्यमभीतवत् ॥ १.१५३.९९ ॥

Until danger has not yet come, one should act as if afraid; but when danger has come and is seen, one should strike as if unafraid.

1.153.100

दैवेनोपहतं शत्रुमनुगृह्णाति यो नरः ।
स मृत्युमुपगृह्णाति गर्भमश्वतरी यथा ॥ १.१५३.१०० ॥

The man who shows favour to an enemy struck down by fate embraces death, as a she-mule embraces her own offspring to her doom.

1.153.101

अनागतं हि बुध्येत यच्च कार्यं पुरः स्थितम् ।
न तु बुद्धिक्षयात्किंचिदतिक्रामेत्प्रयोजनम् ॥ १.१५३.१०१ ॥

One should understand beforehand what has not yet come and the task that stands before one; yet through loss of wisdom one should not let slip any purpose.

1.153.102

उत्साहश्चापि यत्नेन कर्तव्यो भूतिमिच्छता ।
विभज्य देशकालौ च दैवं धर्मादयस्त्रयः।
नैःश्रेयसौ तु तौ ज्ञेयौ देशकालाविति स्थितिः ॥ १.१५३.१०२ ॥

He who desires prosperity should, with effort, also keep up his energy. One should consider place and time, fate, and the three beginning with dharma, separately. Place and time are to be known as the bringers of the highest welfare; such is the settled teaching.