Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.2
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1.2.1
समन्तपञ्चकमिति यदुक्तं सूतनन्दन ।
एतत्सर्वं यथातत्त्वं श्रोतुमिच्छामहे वयम् ॥ १.२.१ ॥
Son of Sūta, we wish to hear all of what you called Samantapañcaka, exactly as it truly is.
1.2.2
शृणुध्वं मम भो विप्रा ब्रुवतश्च कथाः शुभाः ।
समन्तपञ्चकाख्यं च श्रोतुमर्हथ सत्तमाः ॥ १.२.२ ॥
Listen, O brahmins, to my auspicious tales. O best of men, you are worthy to hear of the place called Samantapañcaka.
1.2.3
त्रेताद्वापरयोः सन्धौ रामः शस्त्रभृतां वरः ।
असकृत्पार्थिवं क्षत्रं जघानामर्षचोदितः ॥ १.२.३ ॥
At the junction of the Tretā and Dvāpara ages, Rāma, best of those who bear weapons, impelled by anger, struck down the royal warrior class again and again.
1.2.4
स सर्वं क्षत्रमुत्साद्य स्ववीर्येणानलद्युतिः ।
समन्तपञ्चके पञ्च चकार रुधिरह्रदान् ॥ १.२.४ ॥
Blazing like fire, he uprooted the entire warrior class by his own might, and in Samantapañcaka he made five pools of blood.
1.2.5
स तेषु रुधिराम्भःसु ह्रदेषु क्रोधमूर्च्छितः ।
पितॄन्संतर्पयामास रुधिरेणेति नः श्रुतम् ॥ १.२.५ ॥
Stupefied with anger, he satisfied the ancestors in those pools of blood-water with blood; so we have heard.
1.2.6
अथर्चीकादयोऽभ्येत्य पितरो राममब्रुवन् ।
राम राम महाभाग प्रीताः स्म तव भार्गव ॥ १.२.६ ॥
Then Ṛcīka and the other ancestors came to Rāma and said: 'Rāma, Rāma! O greatly fortunate one, O descendant of Bhṛgu, we are pleased with you.'
1.2.7
अनया पितृभक्त्या च विक्रमेण तव प्रभो ।
वरं वृणीष्व भद्रं ते यमिच्छसि महाद्युते ॥ १.२.७ ॥
By this devotion to your forefathers and by your valour, O lord, may good fortune be yours. Choose the boon you desire, O greatly radiant one.
1.2.8
यदि मे पितरः प्रीता यद्यनुग्राह्यता मयि ।
यच्च रोषाभिभूतेन क्षत्रमुत्सादितं मया ॥ १.२.८ ॥
If my forefathers are pleased, and if I am worthy of favour, and if, overcome by anger, I destroyed the warrior class—
1.2.9
अतश्च पापान्मुच्येऽहमेष मे प्रार्थितो वरः ।
ह्रदाश्च तीर्थभूता मे भवेयुर्भुवि विश्रुताः ॥ १.२.९ ॥
Therefore may I be freed from sin—this is the boon I have asked for. And may these pools become sacred fords, renowned on earth for my sake.
1.2.10
एवं भविष्यतीत्येवं पितरस्तमथाब्रुवन् ।
तं क्षमस्वेति निषिषिधुस्ततः स विरराम ह ॥ १.२.१० ॥
"So it shall be"—thus the forefathers spoke to him. "Forgive him"—thus they restrained him, and then he ceased.
1.2.11
तेषां समीपे यो देशो ह्रदानां रुधिराम्भसाम् ।
समन्तपञ्चकमिति पुण्यं तत्परिकीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.११ ॥
The region near those pools, whose waters are blood, is called Samantapañcaka and is proclaimed holy.
1.2.12
येन लिङ्गेन यो देशो युक्तः समुपलक्ष्यते ।
तेनैव नाम्ना तं देशं वाच्यमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥ १.२.१२ ॥
By whatever mark a region is recognized, by that very name the region should be called—so say the wise.
1.2.13
अन्तरे चैव संप्राप्ते कलिद्वापरयोरभूत् ।
समन्तपञ्चके युद्धं कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ॥ १.२.१३ ॥
When the interval between Kali and Dvāpara had arrived, a battle took place at Samantapañcaka between the armies of the Kurus and the Pāṇḍavas.
1.2.14
तस्मिन्परमधर्मिष्ठे देशे भूदोषवर्जिते ।
अष्टादश समाजग्मुरक्षौहिण्यो युयुत्सया ॥ १.२.१४ ॥
In that most righteous land, free from the defects of the soil, eighteen akṣauhiṇīs gathered out of desire to fight.
1.2.15
समेत्य तं द्विजास्ताश्च तत्रैव निधं गताः ।
एतन्नामाभिनिर्वृत्तं तस्य देशस्य वै द्विजाः ॥ १.२.१५ ॥
O brahmins, having assembled there, they went to that very place; and so this name came to be given to that region.
1.2.16
पुण्यश्च रमणीयश्च स देशो वः प्रकीर्तितः ।
तदेतत्कथितं सर्वं मया ब्राह्मणसत्तमाः
यथा देशः स विख्यातस्त्रिषु लोकेषु सुव्रताः ॥ १.२.१६ ॥
That region has been proclaimed to you as sacred and pleasant. O best of brahmins, I have told you all this, O you of good vows, how that region became renowned in the three worlds.
1.2.17
अक्षौहिण्य इति प्रोक्तं यत्त्वया सूतनन्दन ।
एतदिच्छामहे श्रोतुं सर्वमेव यथातथम् ॥ १.२.१७ ॥
O son of Sūta, we wish to hear all of what you called akṣauhiṇī, exactly as it is.
1.2.18
अक्षौहिण्याः परीमाणं नराश्वरथदन्तिनाम् ।
यथावच्चैव नो ब्रूहि सर्वं हि विदितं तव ॥ १.२.१८ ॥
Tell us properly the measure of an akṣauhiṇī, of men, horses, chariots and elephants, for all of this is known to you.
1.2.19
एको रथो गजश्चैको नराः पञ्च पदातयः ।
त्रयश्च तुरगास्तज्ज्ञैः पत्तिरित्यभिधीयते ॥ १.२.१९ ॥
One chariot, one elephant, five foot-soldiers, and three horses: those who know this call it a patti.
1.2.20
पत्तिं तु त्रिगुणामेतामाहुः सेनामुखं बुधाः ।
त्रीणि सेनामुखान्येको गुल्म इत्यभिधीयते ॥ १.२.२० ॥
The wise call this threefold patti the 'front of the army'; three fronts together are called one gulma.
1.2.21
त्रयो गुल्मा गणो नाम वाहिनी तु गणास्त्रयः ।
स्मृतास्तिस्रस्तु वाहिन्यः पृतनेति विचक्षणैः ॥ १.२.२१ ॥
Three gulmas are called a gaṇa, and three gaṇas a vāhinī; the learned remember three vāhinīs as a pṛtanā.
1.2.22
चमूस्तु पृतनास्तिस्रस्तिस्रश्चम्वस्त्वनीकिनी ।
अनीकिनीं दशगुणां प्राहुरक्षौहिणीं बुधाः ॥ १.२.२२ ॥
Three pṛtanās make one camū, three camūs one anīkinī; the wise call an anīkinī multiplied tenfold an akṣauhiṇī.
1.2.23
अक्षौहिण्याः प्रसंख्याता रथानां द्विजसत्तमाः ।
संख्यागणिततत्त्वज्ञैः सहस्राण्येकविंशतिः ॥ १.२.२३ ॥
O best of the twice-born, those who know the principles of number and reckoning state that an akṣauhiṇī contains twenty-one thousand chariots.
1.2.24
शतान्युपरि चैवाष्टौ तथा भूयश्च सप्ततिः ।
गजानां च परीमाणमेतदेव विनिर्दिशेत् ॥ १.२.२४ ॥
And above that eight hundred more, and again seventy: this is the measure to be stated for the elephants.
1.2.25
ज्ञेयं शतसहस्रं तु सहस्राणि नवैव तु ।
नराणामपि पञ्चाशच्छतानि त्रीणि चानघाः ॥ १.२.२५ ॥
Nine thousand and a hundred thousand should be known; and three hundred and fifty men, O sinless ones.
1.2.26
पञ्च षष्टिसहस्राणि तथाश्वानां शतानि च ।
दशोत्तराणि षट् प्राहुर्यथावदिह संख्यया ॥ १.२.२६ ॥
Sixty-five thousand, and six hundred and ten horses: thus the number is stated here as it truly is.
1.2.27
एतामक्षौहिणीं प्राहुः संख्यातत्त्वदितो जनाः ।
यां वः कथितवानस्मि विस्तरेण तपोधनाः ॥ १.२.२७ ॥
People who know the truth of numbers call this an akṣauhiṇī, which I have described to you in detail, O wealthy in asceticism.
1.2.28
एतया संख्यया ह्यासन्कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ।
अक्षौहिण्यो द्विजश्रेष्ठाः पिण्डिताष्टादशैव तु ॥ १.२.२८ ॥
By this very count there were in the armies of the Kurus and Pāṇḍavas, O best of the twice-born, eighteen akṣauhiṇīs in all.
1.2.29
समेतास्तत्र वै देशे तत्रैव निधं गताः ।
कौरवान्कारणं कृत्वा कालेनाद्भुतकर्मणा ॥ १.२.२९ ॥
Gathered together in that very place, they went to destruction, the Kauravas made the cause, by time of wondrous deeds.
1.2.30
अहानि युयुधे भीष्मो दशैव परमास्त्रवित् ।
अहानि पञ्च द्रोणस्तु ररक्ष कुरुवाहिनीम् ॥ १.२.३० ॥
Bhīṣma, knower of supreme weapons, fought for ten days only; and Droṇa protected the Kuru army for five days.
1.2.31
अहनी युयुधे द्वे तु कर्णः परबलार्दनः ।
शल्योऽर्धदिवसं चैव गदायुद्धमतः परम् ॥ १.२.३१ ॥
Karṇa, crusher of enemy forces, fought for two days, and Śalya for half a day; after that came the mace-fight.
1.2.32
तस्यैव दिवसस्यान्ते द्रौणिहार्दिक्यगौतमाः ।
प्रसुप्तं निशि विश्वस्तं जघ्नुर्यौधिष्ठिरं बलम् ॥ १.२.३२ ॥
At the end of that same day, Drauṇi, Hārdikya and Gautama struck down Yudhiṣṭhira's army as it lay asleep at night, unsuspecting.
1.2.33
यत्तु शौनक सत्रे ते भारताख्यानमुत्तमम् ।
जनमेजयस्य तत्सत्रे व्यासशिष्येण धीमता ॥ १.२.३३ ॥
O Śaunaka, that supreme tale of the Bhāratas which was recited at Janamejaya's sacrificial session by the wise disciple of Vyāsa.
1.2.34
कथितं विस्तरार्थं च यशो वीर्यं महीक्षिताम् ।
पौष्यं तत्र च पौलोममास्तीकं चादितः स्मृतम् ॥ १.२.३४ ॥
In it the fame and valour of kings were told at length, and the tales of Pauṣya, Paulomā and Āstīka are remembered from the beginning.
1.2.35
विचित्रार्थपदाख्यानमनेकसमयान्वितम् ।
प्रतिपन्नं नरैः प्राज्ञैर्वैराग्यमिव मोक्षिभिः ॥ १.२.३५ ॥
This tale, rich in varied meanings and words and endowed with many doctrines, was embraced by wise men as seekers of liberation embrace dispassion.
1.2.36
आत्मेव वेदितव्येषु प्रियेष्विव हि जीवितम् ।
इतिहासः प्रधानार्थः श्रेष्ठः सर्वागमेष्वयम् ॥ १.२.३६ ॥
As the self is the foremost of things to be known, and life of things dear, so among all scriptures this epic, rich in its central meaning, is the best.
1.2.37
अनाश्रित्येदमाख्यानं कथा भुवि न विद्यते ।
आहारमनपाश्रित्य शरीरस्येव धारणम् ॥ १.२.३७ ॥
Without relying on this narrative, no story exists on earth, just as the body cannot be sustained without relying on food.
1.2.38
तदेतद्भारतं नाम कविभिस्तूपजीव्यते ।
उदयतेप्सुभिर्भृत्यैरभिजात इवेश्वरः ॥ १.२.३८ ॥
This very work named the Bhārata is drawn upon by poets, just as servants who desire advancement depend on a lord of noble birth.
1.2.39
इतिहासोत्तमे यस्मिन्नर्पिता बुद्धिरुत्तमा ।
स्वरव्यञ्जनयोः कृत्स्ना लोकवेदाश्रयेव वाक् ॥ १.२.३९ ॥
In this excellent itihāsa into which supreme intellect has been placed, all speech, vowels and consonants alike, seems to rest upon the world and the Vedas.
1.2.40
तस्य प्रज्ञाभिपन्नस्य विचित्रपदपर्वणः ।
सूक्ष्मार्थन्याययुक्तस्य वेदार्थैर्भूषितस्य च ॥ १.२.४० ॥
Of that work, endowed with wisdom, rich in varied words and sections, joined to subtle meaning and reasoning, and adorned with the meanings of the Vedas...
1.2.41
भारतस्येतिहासस्य श्रूयतां पर्वसंग्रहः ।
पर्वानुक्रमणी पूर्वं द्वितीयः पर्वसंग्रहः
भारतस्येतिहासस्य श्रूयतां पर्वसंग्रहः ।
पर्वानुक्रमणी पूर्वं द्वितीयः पर्वसंग्रहः ॥ १.२.४१ ॥
Hear the summary of the parvans of the Bhārata itihāsa: first the index of the parvans, then the second summary of the parvans.
1.2.42
पौष्यं पौलोममास्तीकमादिरंशावतारणम् ।
ततः संभवपर्वोक्तमद्भुतं रोमहर्षणम् ॥ १.२.४२ ॥
The Pauṣya, the Pauloma, the Āstīka, the Ādi, and the descent of the portions; then the wondrous, hair-raising account told in the Saṃbhava parva.
1.2.43
दाहो जतुगृहस्यात्र हैडिम्बं पर्व चोच्यते ।
ततो बकवधः पर्व पर्व चैत्ररथं ततः ॥ १.२.४३ ॥
Here the burning of the lac-house is told; it is called the Haiḍimba section. Then the Baka-slaying section, and then the Caitraratha section.
1.2.44
ततः स्वयंवरो देव्याः पाञ्चाल्याः पर्व चोच्यते ।
क्षात्रधर्मेण निर्जित्य ततो वैवाहिकं स्मृतम् ॥ १.२.४४ ॥
Then the svayaṃvara of the Pāñcāla queen is told as a section. Having won by the warrior's duty, then the marriage section is remembered.
1.2.45
विदुरागमनं पर्व राज्यलाभस्तथैव च ।
अर्जुनस्य वने वासः सुभद्राहरणं ततः ॥ १.२.४५ ॥
The section on Vidura's coming, likewise the gaining of the kingdom; Arjuna's dwelling in the forest, then the carrying off of Subhadrā.
1.2.46
सुभद्राहरणादूर्ध्वं ज्ञेया हरणहारिका ।
ततः खाण्डवदाहाख्यं तत्रैव मयदर्शनम् ॥ १.२.४६ ॥
After the carrying off of Subhadrā, the section called Haraṇa-hārikā is to be known. Then the section called the burning of Khāṇḍava, and right there the seeing of Maya.
1.2.47
सभापर्व ततः प्रोक्तं मन्त्रपर्व ततः परम् ।
जरासन्धवधः पर्व पर्व दिग्विजयं तथा ॥ १.२.४७ ॥
Then the Sabhā section is said, and after that the Mantra section. The section on the slaying of Jarāsandha, and the section on the conquest of the quarters as well.
1.2.48
पर्व दिग्विजयादूर्ध्वं राजसूयिकमुच्यते ।
ततश्चार्घाभिहरणं शिशुपालवधस्ततः ॥ १.२.४८ ॥
After the conquest of the quarters, the Rājasūya section is said. Then the offering of the argha, and then the slaying of Śiśupāla.
1.2.49
द्यूतपर्व ततः प्रोक्तमनुद्यूतमः परम् ।
तत आरण्यकं पर्व किर्मीरवध एवच ॥ १.२.४९ ॥
Then the Book of Gambling is declared, and after it the sub-book Anudyūta; then the Book of the Forest, and also the slaying of Kirmīra.
1.2.50
अर्जुनस्याभिगमनं पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् ।
ईश्वरार्जुनयोर्युद्धं पर्व कैरातसंज्ञितम् ॥ १.२.५० ॥
After this the book of Arjuna's Going Forth is to be known; then the battle between Īśvara (Śiva) and Arjuna, the book called Kirāta.
1.2.51
इन्द्रलोकाभिगमनं पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् ।
नलोपाख्यानमपि च धार्मिकं करुणोदयम् ॥ १.२.५१ ॥
After this the book of the Going to Indra's World is to be known; then also the story of Nala, righteous and awakening compassion.
1.2.52
तीर्थयात्रा ततः पर्व कुरुराजस्य धीमतः ।
जटासुरवधः पर्व यक्षयुद्धमतः परम् ॥ १.२.५२ ॥
Then the book of the pilgrimage of the wise Kuru king; the book of the slaying of Jaṭāsura; after this, the battle with the Yakṣas.
1.2.53
निवातकवचैर्युद्धं पर्व चाजगरं ततः ।
मार्कण्डेयसमास्या च पर्वानन्तरमुच्यते ॥ १.२.५३ ॥
The book of battle with the Nivātakavacas, then the Snake book; after that is said the book called Mārkaṇḍeya-Samasyā.
1.2.54
संवादश्च ततः पर्व द्रौपदीसत्यभामयोः ।
घोषयात्रा ततः पर्व ततः प्रायोपवेशनेम्।
मन्त्रस्य निश्चयं चैव मृगस्वप्नोद्भवं ततः ॥ १.२.५४ ॥
Then the dialogue between Draupadī and Satyabhāmā, the book; then the Cattle-Pen Journey book; then the fast unto death; the settled counsel, and the book arising from the deer's dream.
1.2.55
व्रीहिद्रौणिकमाख्यानमैन्द्रद्युम्नं तथैव च ।
द्रौपदीहरणं पर्व जयद्रथविमोक्षणम् ॥ १.२.५५ ॥
The tale of Vrīhi-drauṇika, likewise the Aindradyumna; the section on the abduction of Draupadī, and the release of Jayadratha.
1.2.56
रामोपाख्यानमत्रैव पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् ।
पतिव्रताया माहात्म्यं सावित्र्याश्चैवमद्भुतम् ॥ १.२.५६ ॥
Here too the section of the Rāma story is to be known; after it, the greatness of the devoted wife and the wondrous account of Sāvitrī.
1.2.57
कुण्डलाहरणं पर्व ततः परमिहोच्यते ।
आरणेयं ततः पर्व वैराटं तदनन्तरम्
पाण्डवानां प्रवेशश्च समयस्य च पालनम् ॥ १.२.५७ ॥
Next is said to be the section on the taking of the earrings; then the Āraṇeya section, and immediately after it the Virāṭa section; the entry of the Pāṇḍavas and the keeping of the agreed time.
1.2.58
कीचकानां वधः पर्व पर्व ग्रोग्रहणं ततः ।
अभिमन्योश्च वैराट्याः पर्व वैवाहिकं स्मृतम् ॥ १.२.५८ ॥
The section on the slaying of the Kīcakas, then the section on the seizing of the cattle; the wedding section of Abhimanyu and Virāṭa's daughter Uttarā is remembered.
1.2.59
उद्योगपर्व विज्ञेयमत ऊर्ध्वं महाद्भुतम् ।
ततः संजययानाख्यं पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् ॥ १.२.५९ ॥
After this the Udyoga section, the most wondrous, is to be known; then the section called the Sañjaya-yāna, and after that this section is to be known.
1.2.60
प्रजागरं तथा पर्व धृतराष्ट्रस्य चिन्तया ।
पर्व सानत्सुजातं वै गुह्यमध्यात्मदर्शनम् ॥ १.२.६० ॥
Likewise the section of Prajāgara, born of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's anxiety; and the Sanatsujāta section, which is the secret vision of the inner self.
1.2.61
यानसन्धिस्ततः पर्व भगवद्यानमेव च ।
मातलीयमुपाख्यानं चरितं गालवस्य च ॥ १.२.६१ ॥
Then comes the Yānasandhi parva, the journey of the Blessed Lord, the Mātalīya episode, and the story of Gālava.
1.2.62
सावित्रं वामदेव्यं च वैन्योपाख्यानमेव च ।
जामदग्न्यमुपाख्यानं पर्व षोडशराजकम् ॥ १.२.६२ ॥
The Sāvitrī episode, the Vāmadevya story, the Vainya (Pṛthu) episode, the Jāmadagnya episode, and the parva of the sixteen kings.
1.2.63
सभाप्रवेशः कृष्णस्य विदुलापुत्रशासनम् ।
उद्योगः सैन्यनिर्याणं विश्वोपाख्यानमेव च ॥ १.२.६३ ॥
Kṛṣṇa's entry into the assembly, the admonition of Vidulā's son, the preparations, the army's departure, and the Viśva episode.
1.2.64
ज्ञेयं विवादपर्वात्र कर्णस्यापि महात्मनः ।
मन्त्रस्य निश्चयं कृत्वा कार्यस्य समनन्तरम् ॥ १.२.६४ ॥
Here the Vivāda parva of the great-souled Karṇa should be known; having reached a decision on counsel, the action follows immediately.
1.2.65
श्वेतस्य वासुदेवेन चित्रं बहुकथाश्रयम् ।
निर्याणं च ततः पर्व कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ॥ १.२.६५ ॥
The wondrous parva of Śveta with Vāsudeva, rich in many tales; then the parva of the departure of the Kuru and Pāṇḍava armies.
1.2.66
रथातिरथसंख्या च पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् ।
उलूकदूतागमनं पर्वामर्षविवर्धनम् ॥ १.२.६६ ॥
The enumeration of chariot-warriors and great chariot-warriors, the parva told next; then the parva of the messenger Ulūka's arrival, which increases anger.
1.2.67
अम्बोपाख्यानमत्रैव पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् ।
भीष्माभिषेचनं पर्व ततश्चाद्भुतमुच्यते ॥ १.२.६७ ॥
Here the Ambopākhyāna section is to be known; after that the Bhīṣmābhiṣecana section, and then the section called wondrous is spoken of.
1.2.68
जम्बूखम्डविनिर्माणं पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् ।
भूमिपर्व ततः प्रोक्तं द्वीपविस्तारकीर्तनम् ॥ १.२.६८ ॥
The section on the formation of Jambūkhaṇḍa is said; after that the Bhūmi section is declared, and then the praise of the expansion of the continents.
1.2.69
दिव्यं चक्षुर्ददौ यत्र संजयाय महामुनिः ।
पर्वोक्तं भगवद्गीता पर्व भीष्मवधस्ततः।
द्रोणाभिषेचनं पर्व संशप्तकवधस्ततः ॥ १.२.६९ ॥
The section in which the great sage gave divine sight to Sañjaya is spoken of; then the Bhagavad-gītā section, then the slaying of Bhīṣma, then the section on the anointing of Droṇa, and then the slaying of the Saṃśaptakas.
1.2.70
अभिमन्युवधः पर्व प्रतिज्ञा पर्व चोच्यते ।
जयद्रथवधः पर्व घटोत्कचवधस्ततः ॥ १.२.७० ॥
The section on the slaying of Abhimanyu is spoken of, and the section of the vow is also called; the section on the slaying of Jayadratha, and then the slaying of Ghaṭotkaca.
1.2.71
ततो द्रोणवधः पर्व विज्ञेयं लोमहर्षणम् ।
मोक्षो नारायणास्त्रस्य पर्वानन्तरमुच्यते ॥ १.२.७१ ॥
Then the section on the slaying of Droṇa is to be known, which makes the hair stand on end; after it the section on the release from the Nārāyaṇa weapon is said.
1.2.72
कर्णपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं शल्यपर्व ततः परम् ।
ह्रदप्रवेशनं पर्व गदायुद्धमतः परम् ॥ १.२.७२ ॥
Then the Karṇa section is to be known; after that the Śalya section; then the section on entering the lake, and after this the mace-fight.
1.2.73
सारस्वतं ततः पर्व तीर्थवंशानुकीर्तनम् ।
अत ऊर्ध्वं सुबीभत्सं पर्व सौप्तिकमुच्यते ॥ १.२.७३ ॥
Then comes the Sārasvata section, recounting the sacred fords and lineages. After that the very dreadful section is called the Sauptika.
1.2.74
ऐषीकं पर्व चोद्दिष्टमत ऊर्ध्वं सुदारुणम् ।
जलप्रदानिकं पर्व स्त्रीविलापस्ततः परम् ॥ १.२.७४ ॥
The Aiṣīka section is also named. After that comes the very terrible Jalapradānika section, and then the lamentation of the women.
1.2.75
श्राद्धपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं कुरूणामौर्ध्वदेहिकम् ।
चार्वाकनिग्रहः पर्व रक्षसो ब्रह्मरूपिणः ॥ १.२.७५ ॥
Next is to be known the Śrāddha section, the funeral rites of the Kurus. Then comes the section on the suppression of Cārvāka, the rakshasa who took the form of a brahmin.
1.2.76
आभिषेचनिकं पर्व धर्मराजसर्य धीमतः ।
प्रविभागो गृहाणां च पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् ॥ १.२.७६ ॥
The Abhiṣecanika section, the coronation of the wise king of dharma; and next after that, the section named the division of the houses.
1.2.77
शान्तिपर्व ततो यत्र राजधर्मानुशासनम् ।
आपद्धर्मश्च पर्वोक्तं मोक्षधर्मस्ततः परम् ॥ १.२.७७ ॥
Then the Śānti section, where there is instruction in the duties of kingship; the law of distress is also named as a section; and after that, the law of liberation.
1.2.78
शुकप्रश्नाभिगमनं ब्रह्मप्रश्नानुशासनम् ।
प्रादुर्भावश्च दुर्वासःसंवादश्चैव मायया ॥ १.२.७८ ॥
Śuka's coming with questions and the teaching on questions of Brahman; the manifestation, and the dialogue with Durvāsas by means of illusion.
1.2.79
ततः पर्व परिज्ञेयमानुशासनिकं परम् ।
स्वर्गारोहणिकं चैव ततो भीष्मस्य धीमतः ॥ १.२.७९ ॥
Then the supreme section to be known is the Ānuśāsanika, and also the Svargārohaṇika; then that of the wise Bhīṣma.
1.2.81
पर्व चाश्रमवासाख्यं पुत्रदर्शनमेव च ।
नारदागमनं पर्व ततः परमिहोच्यते ॥ १.२.८१ ॥
The section called the Dwelling in Hermitages, and also the Seeing of Sons; the Arrival of Nārada; then here the next section is declared.
1.2.82
मौसलं पर्व चोद्दिष्टं ततो घोरं सुदारुणम् ।
महाप्रस्थानिकं पर्व स्वर्गारोहणिकं ततः ॥ १.२.८२ ॥
The Mausala section is also declared; then the terrible and most dreadful; the Mahāprasthānika section; then the Svargārohaṇika.
1.2.83
हरिवंशस्ततः पर्व पुराणं खिलसंज्ञितम् ।
विष्णुपर्व शिशोश्चर्या विष्णोः कंसवधस्तथा ॥ १.२.८३ ॥
Then the Harivaṃśa section, the Purāṇa called the Khila; the Viṣṇu section; the deeds of the child Viṣṇu; and also the slaying of Kaṃsa.
1.2.84
भविष्यं पर्व चाप्युक्तं खिलेष्वेवाद्भुतं महत् ।
एतत्पर्वशतं पूर्णं व्यासेनोक्तं महात्मना ॥ १.२.८४ ॥
The Future section is also declared, wonderful and great among the supplements; these hundred sections are complete, declared by the great-souled Vyāsa.
1.2.85
यथावत्सूतपुत्रेण रौमहर्षणिना ततः ।
उक्तानि नैमिशारण्ये पर्वाण्यष्टादशैव तु ॥ १.२.८५ ॥
Exactly as they were, the eighteen sections were then recited in the Naimiṣa forest by the charioteer's son, Lomaharṣaṇa's son.
1.2.86
समासो भारतस्यायमत्रोक्तः पर्वसंग्रहः ।
पौष्यं पौलोममास्तीकमादिरंशावतारणम् ॥ १.२.८६ ॥
This is the brief summary of the Mahābhārata, the collection of its books: the Pauṣya, the Pauloma, the Āstīka, the first, and the descent of the lineages.
1.2.87
संभवो जतुवेश्माख्यं हिडिम्बबकयोर्वधः ।
तथा चैत्ररथं देव्याः पाञ्चाल्याश्च स्वयंवरः ॥ १.२.८७ ॥
The birth, the episode called the Lacquer House, the killing of Hiḍimba and Baka, and the self-choice (svayaṃvara) of the Pāñcāla princess.
1.2.88
क्षात्रधर्मेण निर्जित्य ततो वैवाहिकं स्मृतम् ।
विदुरागमनं चैव राज्यलाभस्तथैव च ॥ १.२.८८ ॥
Having won by the duty of a warrior, then the episode of the marriage is remembered; also the coming of Vidura and the gaining of the kingdom.
1.2.89
वनवासोऽर्जुनस्यापि सुभद्राहरणं ततः ।
हरणाहरणं चैव दहनं खाण्डवस्य च ॥ १.२.८९ ॥
Arjuna's forest exile, then the abduction of Subhadrā, the carrying off and recovery, and the burning of the Khāṇḍava forest.
1.2.91
पौलोमे भृगुवंशस्य विस्तारः परिकीर्तितः ।
आस्तीके सर्वनागानां गरुडस्य च संभवः ॥ १.२.९१ ॥
In the Pauloma parva the extension of the lineage of Bhṛgu is proclaimed; in the Āstīka parva, the birth of all the serpents and of Garuḍa.
1.2.92
क्षीरोदमथं चैव जन्मोच्चैःश्रवसस्तथा ।
यजतः सर्पसत्रेण राज्ञः पारिक्षितस्य च ॥ १.२.९२ ॥
The churning of the ocean of milk and the birth of Uccaiḥśravas; and the serpent-sacrifice of the king, son of Parīkṣit.
1.2.93
कथेयमभिनिर्वृत्ता भारतानां महात्मनाम् ।
विविधाः संभवा राज्ञामुक्ताः संभवपर्वणि ॥ १.२.९३ ॥
This story of the great-souled Bharatas is now complete; in the Book of Origins the various births of kings have been told.
1.2.94
अन्येषां चैव शूराणामृषेर्द्वैपायनस्य च ।
अंशावतरणं चात्र देवानां परिकीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.९४ ॥
Here also are proclaimed the descents of portions of the gods into other heroes and into the sage Dvaipāyana.
1.2.95
दैत्यानां दानवानां च यक्षाणां च महौजसाम् ।
नागानामथ सर्पाणां गन्धर्वाणां पतत्त्रिणाम् ॥ १.२.९५ ॥
Here too is told the origin of the Daityas, the Dānavas, the mighty Yakṣas, the Nāgas, the serpents, the Gandharvas, and the winged creatures.
1.2.96
अन्येषां चैव भूतानां विविधानां समुद्भवः ।
महर्षेराश्रमपदे कण्वस्य च तपस्विनः ॥ १.२.९६ ॥
Here is also told the arising of other beings of many kinds, and the events at the hermitage of the great sage, the ascetic Kaṇva.
1.2.97
शकुन्तलायां दुष्यन्ताद्भरतश्चापि जज्ञिवान् ।
यस्य लोकेषु नाम्नेदं प्रथितं भारतं कुलम् ॥ १.२.९७ ॥
From Duṣyanta in Śakuntalā Bharata was born, and by his name this lineage of the Bhāratas became renowned throughout the worlds.
1.2.98
वसूनां पुनरुत्पत्तिर्भागीरथ्यां महात्मनाम् ।
शन्तनोर्वेश्मनि पुनस्तेषां चारोहणं दिवि ॥ १.२.९८ ॥
Here is told the rebirth of the great-souled Vasus from the Bhāgīrathī, and their ascent again to heaven from the house of Śantanu.
1.2.99
तेजोंशानां च संपातो भीष्मस्याप्यत्र संभवः ।
राज्यान्निवर्तनं तस्य ब्रह्मचर्यव्रते स्थितिः ॥ १.२.९९ ॥
The union of the parts of radiance took place, and Bhīṣma too was born here. He renounced the kingship and remained steadfast in the vow of celibate studentship.
1.2.100
प्रतिज्ञापालनं चैव रक्षा चित्राङ्गदस्य च ।
हते चित्राङ्गदे चैव रक्षा भ्रातुर्यवीयसः ॥ १.२.१०० ॥
Keeping of the vow and the protection of Citrāṅgada; and, when Citrāṅgada was slain, the protection of his younger brother.
1.2.101
विचित्रवीर्यस्य तथा राज्ये संप्रतिपादनम् ।
धर्मस्य नृषु संभूतिरणीमाण्डव्यशापजा ॥ १.२.१०१ ॥
The installation of Vicitravīrya in the kingdom, and the birth of Dharma among men, born from the curse of Aṇīmāṇḍavya.
1.2.102
कृष्णद्वैपायनाच्चैव प्रसूतिर्वरदानजा ।
धृतराष्ट्रस्य पाण्डोश्च पाण्डवानां च संभवः ॥ १.२.१०२ ॥
Offspring were born from Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana through the granted boon; and Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Pāṇḍu and the Pāṇḍavas were born.
1.2.103
वारणावतयात्रा च मन्त्रो दुर्योधनस्य च ।
कूटस्य धार्तराष्ट्रेण प्रेषणं पाण्डवान्प्रति ॥ १.२.१०३ ॥
The journey to Vāraṇāvata, the plot of Duryodhana, and the deceitful sending of the Pāṇḍavas by the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
1.2.104
हितोपदेशश्च पथि धर्मराजस्य धीमतः ।
विदुरेण कृतो यत्र हितार्थं म्लेच्छभाषया ॥ १.२.१०४ ॥
On the way, Vidura gave beneficial counsel to the wise king of Dharma, speaking in the barbarian tongue for their welfare.
1.2.105
विदुरस्य च वाक्येन सुरुङ्गोपक्रमक्रिया ।
निषाद्याः पञ्चपुत्रायाः सुप्ताया जतुवेश्मनि ॥ १.२.१०५ ॥
By Vidura's word the digging of a tunnel was undertaken, while the Niṣāda woman with her five sons slept in the lac house.
1.2.106
पुरोचनस्य चात्रैव दहनं संप्रकीर्तितम् ।
पाण्डवानां वने घोरे हिडिम्बायाश्च दर्शनम् ॥ १.२.१०६ ॥
Here too is declared the burning of Purocana, and in the dreadful forest the Pāṇḍavas' encounter with Hiḍimbā.
1.2.107
तत्रैव च हिडिम्बस्य वधो भीमान्महाबलात् ।
घटोत्कचस्य चोत्पत्तिंरत्रैव परिकीर्तिता ॥ १.२.१०७ ॥
There too is declared the slaying of Hiḍimba by the mighty Bhīma, and here the birth of Ghaṭotkaca.
1.2.108
महर्षेर्दर्शनं चैव व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ।
तदाज्ञयैकचक्रायां ब्राह्मणस्य निवेशने ॥ १.२.१०८ ॥
And the meeting with the great sage Vyāsa of boundless splendor; by his command, in the house of a brahmin in Ekacakrā.
1.2.109
अज्ञातचर्यया वासो यत्र तेषां प्रकीर्तितः ।
बकस्य निधनं चैव नागराणां च विस्मयः ॥ १.२.१०९ ॥
Here is declared the place where they dwelt in unknown disguise; also the death of Baka and the astonishment of the townsfolk.
1.2.110
संभवश्चैव कृष्णाया धृष्टद्युम्नस्य चैव ह ।
ब्राह्मणात्समुपश्रुत्य व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदिताः ॥ १.२.११० ॥
Also the birth of Kṛṣṇā and of Dhṛṣṭadyumna; having heard it from a brahmin, impelled by the words of Vyāsa.
1.2.111
द्रौपदीं प्रार्थयन्तस्ते स्वयंवरदिदृक्षया ।
पञ्चालानभितो जग्मुर्यत्र कौतूहलान्विताः ॥ १.२.१११ ॥
Longing for Draupadī and eager to see the svayaṃvara, filled with curiosity, they set out toward the land of the Pañcālas.
1.2.112
अङ्गारपर्णं निर्जित्य गङ्गाकूलेऽर्जुनस्तदा ।
सख्यं कृत्वा ततस्तेन तस्मादेव च शुश्रुवे ॥ १.२.११२ ॥
Then, on the bank of the Gaṅgā, Arjuna defeated Aṅgāraparṇa, made friendship with him, and it was heard of from him.
1.2.113
तापत्यमथ वासिष्ठमौर्वं चाख्यानमुत्तमम् ।
भ्रातृभिः सहितः सर्वैः पञ्चालानभितो ययौ ॥ १.२.११३ ॥
Having heard the excellent tales of Tāpatī, Vasiṣṭha and Aurva, he went with all his brothers around toward the Pañcālas.
1.2.114
पाञ्चालनगरे चापि लक्ष्यं भित्त्वा धनञ्जयः ।
द्रौपदीं लब्धवानत्र मध्ये सर्वमहीक्षिताम् ॥ १.२.११४ ॥
In the city of the Pañcālas too, Dhanañjaya pierced the target and won Draupadī here, in the midst of all the kings of the earth.
1.2.115
भीमसेनार्जुनौ यत्र संरब्धान्पृथिवीपतीन् ।
शल्यकर्णौ च तरसा जितवन्तौ महामृधे ॥ १.२.११५ ॥
Where Bhīmasena and Arjuna swiftly conquered the enraged lords of the earth, and Śalya and Karṇa, in the great battle.
1.2.116
दृष्ट्वा तयोश्च तद्वीर्यमप्रमेयममानुषम् ।
शङ्कमानौ पाण्डवांस्तान् रामकृष्णौ महामती ॥ १.२.११६ ॥
Having seen their immeasurable, superhuman valour, Rāma and Kṛṣṇa, the great-minded, grew suspicious of those Pāṇḍavas.
1.2.117
जग्मतुस्तैः समागन्तुं शालां भार्गववेश्मनि ।
पञ्चानामेकपत्नीत्वे विमर्शो द्रुपदस्य च ॥ १.२.११७ ॥
The two went with them to the hall in Bhārgava's house, and Drupada deliberated about the five having one wife.
1.2.118
पञ्चेन्द्राणामुपाख्यानमत्रैवाद्भुतमुच्यते ।
द्रौपद्या देवविहीतो विवाहश्चाप्यमानुषः ॥ १.२.११८ ॥
Here the wondrous story of the five Indras is told, and also Draupadī's superhuman marriage ordained by the gods.
1.2.119
क्षत्तुश्च धार्तराष्ट्रेण प्रेषणं पाण्डवान्प्रति ।
विदुरस्य च संप्राप्तिर्दर्शनं केशवस्य च ॥ १.२.११९ ॥
The sending of Vidura by Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son to the Pāṇḍavas, Vidura's arrival, and the sight of Keśava are also told.
1.2.120
खाण्डवप्रस्थवासश्च तथा राज्यार्धसर्जनम् ।
नारदस्याज्ञया चैव द्रौपद्याः समयक्रिया ॥ १.२.१२० ॥
Residence at Khāṇḍavaprastha, the giving of half the kingdom, and, by Nārada's command, the making of the agreement concerning Draupadī are also told.
1.2.121
सुन्दोपसुन्दयोस्तद्वदाख्यानं परिकीर्तितम् ।
अनन्तरं च द्रौपद्या सहासीनं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥ १.२.१२१ ॥
The tale of Sunda and Upasunda is likewise recounted, and afterwards Yudhiṣṭhira seated together with Draupadī.
1.2.122
अनु प्रविश्य विप्रार्थे फाल्गुनो गृह्य चायुधम् ।
मोक्षयित्वा गृहं गत्वा विप्रार्थं कृतनिश्चयः ॥ १.२.१२२ ॥
Then Arjuna, for the sake of a brahmin, entered, took up his weapon, freed the cattle from the house, and, resolved for the brahmin's sake, went away.
1.2.123
समयं पालयन्वीरो वनं यत्र जगाम ह ।
पार्थस्य वनवासे च उलूप्या पथि सङ्गमः ॥ १.२.१२३ ॥
The hero, keeping his vow, went to the forest where, during Pārtha's exile in the wilderness, he met Ulūpī on the road.
1.2.124
पुण्यतीर्थानुसंयानं बभ्रुवाहनजन्म च ।
तत्रैव मोक्षयामास पञ्च सोऽप्सरसः शुभाः ॥ १.२.१२४ ॥
Journeying through sacred holy places and the birth of Babhruvāhana; there he released five auspicious celestial nymphs.
1.2.125
शापाद्ग्राहत्वमापन्ना ब्राह्मणस्य तपस्विनः ।
प्रभासतीर्थे पार्थेन कृष्णस्य च समागमः ॥ १.२.१२५ ॥
Cursed by an ascetic Brahmin, they had become crocodiles; at the Prabhāsa holy place, through Pārtha and through his meeting with Kṛṣṇa, they were freed.
1.2.126
द्वारकायां सुभद्रा च कामयानेन कामिनी ।
वासुदेवस्यानुमते प्राप्ता चैव किरीटिना ॥ १.२.१२६ ॥
In Dvārakā, Subhadrā, desired by one who wished for her, was won by the crowned one (Arjuna) with Vāsudeva's consent.
1.2.127
गृहीत्वा हरणं प्राप्ते कृष्णे देवकिनन्दने ।
अभिमन्योः सुभद्रायां जन्म चोत्तमतेजसः ॥ १.२.१२७ ॥
After the abduction, when Kṛṣṇa, son of Devakī, came, Abhimanyu of supreme splendour was born to Subhadrā.
1.2.128
द्रौपद्यास्तनयानां च संभवोऽनुप्रकीर्तितः ।
विहारार्थं च गतयोः कृष्णयोर्यमुनामनु ॥ १.२.१२८ ॥
The birth of Draupadī's sons is also recounted in order, and of the two dark ones (Kṛṣṇa and Draupadī) who went along the Yamunā for sport.
1.2.129
संप्राप्तिश्चक्रधनुषोः खाण्डवस्य च दाहनम् ।
मयस्य मोक्षो ज्वलनाद्भुजङ्गस्य च मोक्षणम् ॥ १.२.१२९ ॥
The obtaining of the discus and the bow, the burning of Khāṇḍava, the release of Maya from the fire, and the rescue of the serpent.
1.2.130
महर्षेर्मन्दपालस्य शार्ङ्ग्या तनयसंभवः ।
इत्येतदादिपर्वोक्तं प्रथमं बहु विस्तरम् ॥ १.२.१३० ॥
The birth of sons to the great sage Mandapāla through Śārṅgī — thus was this first, and at great length, told in the Ādi Parva.
1.2.131
अध्यायानां शते द्वे तु संख्याते परमर्षिणा ।
सप्तविंशतिरध्याया व्यासेनोत्तमतेजसा ॥ १.२.१३१ ॥
Two hundred chapters, counted by the supreme sage; and twenty-seven chapters, by Vyāsa of supreme radiance.
1.2.132
अष्टौ श्लोकसहस्राणि अष्टौ श्लोकशतानि च ।
श्लोकाश्च चतुराशीतिर्मुनिनोक्ता महात्मना ॥ १.२.१३२ ॥
The great-souled sage spoke eight thousand eight hundred and eighty-four verses.
1.2.133
द्वितीयं तु सभापर्व बहुवृत्तान्तमुच्यते ।
सभाक्रिया पाण्डवानां किङ्कराणां च दर्शनम्। ॥ १.२.१३३ ॥
The second, the Sabhā Parva, is told; rich in narratives — the building of the Pāṇḍavas' assembly hall and the sight of their servants.
1.2.134
लोकपालसभाख्यानं नारदाद्देवदर्शिनः ।
राजसूयस्य चारम्भो जरासन्धवधस्तथा ॥ १.२.१३४ ॥
The account of the assembly of the world-guardians, heard from the god-seeing Nārada; the beginning of the Rājasūya sacrifice; and the slaying of Jarāsandha.
1.2.135
गिरिव्रजे निरुद्धानां राज्ञां कृष्णेन मोक्षणम् ।
तथा दिग्विजयोऽत्रैव पाम्डवानां प्रकीर्तितः ॥ १.२.१३५ ॥
At Girivraja the release of the kings confined there by Kṛṣṇa is told, and here too the conquest of the directions by the Pāṇḍavas is declared.
1.2.136
राज्ञामागमनं चैव सार्हणानां महक्रतौ ।
राजसूयेऽर्घसंवादे शिशुपालवधस्तथा ॥ १.२.१३६ ॥
At the great sacrifice, the Rājasūya, the arrival of kings and those worthy of honour is told, and also the slaying of Śiśupāla in the quarrel over the honour-offering.
1.2.137
यज्ञे विभूतिं तां दृष्ट्वा दुःखामर्षान्वितस्य च ।
दुर्योधनस्यावहासो भीमेन च सभातले ॥ १.२.१३७ ॥
At the sacrifice, the mockery of Duryodhana, filled with grief and resentment on seeing that splendour, and the mockery by Bhīma on the floor of the assembly hall, are told.
1.2.138
यत्रास्य मन्युरुद्भूतो येन द्यूतमकारयत् ।
यत्र धर्मसुतं द्यूते शकुनिः कितवोऽजयत् ॥ १.२.१३८ ॥
There his anger arose, through which he had the dice-game held; there the cheat Śakuni defeated the son of Dharma at dice.
1.2.139
यत्र द्यूतार्णवे मग्नां द्रौपदीं नौरिवार्णवात् ।
धृतराष्ट्रो महाप्राज्ञः स्नुषां परमदुःखिताम् ॥ १.२.१३९ ॥
Where the wise Dhṛtarāṣṭra, as a boat carries one across the sea, rescued Draupadī, his greatly grieved daughter-in-law, sunk in the ocean of the dice-game.
1.2.140
तारयामास तांस्तीर्णाञ्ज्ञात्वा दुर्योधनो नृपः ।
पुनरेव ततो द्यूते समाह्वयत पाण्डवान् ॥ १.२.१४० ॥
Knowing that they had been carried across, King Duryodhana then again summoned the Pāṇḍavas to the dice-game.
1.2.141
जित्वा स वनवासाय प्रेषयामास तांस्ततः ।
एतत्सर्वं सभापर्व समाख्यातं महात्मना ॥ १.२.१४१ ॥
Having won, he then sent them off into forest exile. All of this, the Sabhā Parva, has been related by the great-souled one.
1.2.142
अध्यायाः सप्ततिर्ज्ञेयास्तथा चाष्टौ प्रसंख्यया ।
श्लोकानां द्वे सहस्रे तु पञ्च श्लोकशतानि च ॥ १.२.१४२ ॥
Seventy-eight chapters are to be known by count, and two thousand five hundred verses.
1.2.143
श्लोकाश्चैकादश ज्ञेयाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्द्विजोत्तमाः ।
अतः परं तृतीयं तु ज्ञेयमारण्यकं महत् ॥ १.२.१४३ ॥
Eleven verses are to be known in this parva, O best of the twice-born. After this, the third, the great Āraṇyaka, is to be known.
1.2.144
वनवासं प्रयातेषु पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ।
पौरानुगमनं चैव धर्मपुत्रस्य धीमतः ॥ १.२.१४४ ॥
The departure of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas into forest exile, the following of the citizens, and likewise that of the wise son of Dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira.
1.2.145
अन्नौषधीनां च कृते पाण्डवेन महात्मना ।
द्विजानां भरणार्थं च कृतमाराधनं रवेः ॥ १.२.१४५ ॥
For the sake of food and herbs, and to sustain the brahmins, the great-souled Pāṇḍava performed worship of the Sun.
1.2.146
धौम्योपदेशात्तिग्मांशुप्रसादादन्नसंभः ।
हितं च ब्रुवतः क्षत्तुः परित्यागोऽम्बिकासुतात् ॥ १.२.१४६ ॥
By the instruction of Dhaumya and the grace of the sun came the supply of food; and Vidura, who spoke what was beneficial, was abandoned by the son of Ambikā.
1.2.147
त्यक्तस्य पाण्डुपुत्राणां समीपगमनं तथा ।
पुनरागमनं चैव धृतराष्ट्रस्य शासनात् ॥ १.२.१४७ ॥
The going near the sons of Pāṇḍu after they were abandoned, and their return again by the command of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
1.2.148
कर्णप्रोत्साहनाच्चैव धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्मतेः ।
वनस्थान्पाण्डवान्हन्तुं मन्त्रो दुर्योधनस्यच ॥ १.२.१४८ ॥
Through Karṇa's encouragement, and the plan of Duryodhana, evil-minded son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, to kill the Pāṇḍavas dwelling in the forest.
1.2.149
तं दुष्टभावं विज्ञाय व्यासस्यागमनं द्रुतम् ।
निर्याणप्रतिषेधश्च सुरभ्याख्यानमेव च ॥ १.२.१४९ ॥
Having learned that evil intent, the swift arrival of Vyāsa, the prohibition of departure, and the tale of Surabhī.
1.2.150
मैत्रेयागमनं चात्र राज्ञश्चैवानुशासनम् ।
शापोत्सर्गश्च तेनैव राज्ञो दुर्योधनस्य च ॥ १.२.१५० ॥
Here the arrival of Maitreya, the instruction of the king, and the curse uttered by him upon King Duryodhana.
1.2.151
किर्मीरस्य वधश्चात्र भीमसेनेन संयुगे ।
वृष्णीनामागमश्चात्र पाञ्चालानां च सर्वशः ॥ १.२.१५१ ॥
Here the slaying of Kirmīra in battle by Bhīmasena, the arrival of the Vṛṣṇis, and the arrival of the Pāñcālas in every way.
1.2.152
श्रुत्वा शकुनिना द्यूते निकृत्या निर्जितांश्च तान् ।
क्रुद्धस्यानुप्रशमनं हरेश्चैव किरीटिना ॥ १.२.१५२ ॥
Having heard that they had been defeated by deceit at dice by Śakuni, the pacifying of the angry Hari, and likewise by Kirīṭin (Arjuna).
1.2.153
परिदेवनं च पाञ्चाल्या वासुदेवस्य सन्निधौ ।
आश्वासनं च कृष्णेन दुःखार्तायाः प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.१५३ ॥
Draupadī's lament in the presence of Vāsudeva, and the consolation given to her, afflicted with sorrow, by Kṛṣṇa, are recounted.
1.2.154
तथा सौभवधाख्यानमत्रैवोक्तं महर्षिणा ।
सुभद्रायाः सपुत्रायाः कृष्णेन द्वारकां पुरीम् ॥ १.२.१५४ ॥
Likewise, the account of the killing of Saubha was told here by the great sage, and also how Kṛṣṇa took Subhadrā with her son to the city of Dvārakā.
1.2.155
नयनं द्रौपदेयानां धृष्टद्युम्नेन चैव ह ।
प्रवेशः पाण्डवेयानां रम्ये द्वैतवने ततः ॥ १.२.१५५ ॥
The leading away of Draupadī's sons by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, and then the entry of the Pāṇḍavas into the pleasant Dvaita forest, are told.
1.2.156
धर्मराजस्य चात्रैव संवादः कृष्णया सह ।
संवादश्च तथा राज्ञा भीमस्यापि प्रकीर्तितः ॥ १.२.१५६ ॥
Here too the dialogue of King Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira) with Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) is recounted, and likewise the dialogue of Bhīma with the king.
1.2.157
समीपं पाण्डुपुत्राणां व्यासस्यागमनं तथा ।
प्रतिश्रुत्याथ विद्याया दानं राज्ञो महर्षिणा ॥ १.२.१५७ ॥
The arrival of Vyāsa near the sons of Pāṇḍu, and then the great sage, having given his promise, bestowing knowledge upon the king, are described.
1.2.158
गमनं काम्यके चापि व्यासे प्रतिगते ततः ।
अस्त्रहेतोर्विवासश्च पार्थस्यामिततेजसः ॥ १.२.१५८ ॥
After Vyāsa had departed, the going to the Kāmyaka forest is told, and then the exile of Pārtha (Arjuna) of boundless splendour for the sake of weapons.
1.2.159
महादेवेन युद्धं च किरातवपुषा सह ।
दर्शनं लोकपालानामस्त्रप्राप्तिस्तथैव च ॥ १.२.१५९ ॥
And the battle with Mahādeva in the form of a Kirāta, the sight of the guardians of the worlds, and likewise the obtaining of weapons.
1.2.160
महेन्द्रलोकगमनमस्त्रार्थे च किरीटिनः ।
यत्र चिन्ता समुत्पन्ना धृतराष्ट्रस्य भूयसी ॥ १.२.१६० ॥
The journey of the diademed Arjuna to Indra's world for the sake of weapons, where great anxiety arose in Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
1.2.161
दर्शनं बृहदश्वस्य महर्षेर्भावितात्मनः ।
युधिष्ठिरस्य चार्तस्य व्यसने परिदेवनम् ॥ १.२.१६१ ॥
The sight of the great sage Bṛhadaśva, whose soul was purified, and the lamentation of the afflicted Yudhiṣṭhira in his calamity.
1.2.162
नलोपाख्यानमत्रैव धर्मिष्ठं करुणोदयम् ।
दमयन्त्याः स्थितिर्यत्र नलस्य चरितं तथा ॥ १.२.१६२ ॥
Here too is the righteous and compassion-stirring tale of Nala, where Damayantī's steadfastness and the deeds of Nala are told.
1.2.163
तथाक्षहृदयप्राप्तिस्तस्मादेव महर्षितः ।
लोमशस्यागमस्तत्र स्वर्गात्पाण्डुसुतान्प्रति ॥ १.२.१६३ ॥
Likewise the obtaining of the knowledge of dice (the akṣahṛdaya) from that same great sage, and there the coming of Lomaśa from heaven to the sons of Pāṇḍu.
1.2.164
वनवासगतानां च पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् ।
स्वर्गे प्रवृत्तिराख्याता लोमशेनार्जुनस्य वै ॥ १.२.१६४ ॥
The account of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas gone into forest exile, and of Arjuna in heaven, is related as told by Lomaśa.
1.2.165
संदेशादर्जुनस्यात्र तीर्थाभिगमनक्रिया ।
तीर्थानां च फलप्राप्तिः पुण्यत्वं चापि कीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.१६५ ॥
At Arjuna's message, the act of going on pilgrimage to the sacred fords is told here, together with the attainment of their fruit and their sanctity.
1.2.166
पुलस्त्यतीर्थयात्रा च नारदेन महर्षिणा ।
तीर्थयात्रा च तत्रैव पाण्डवानां महात्मनां ॥ १.२.१६६ ॥
The pilgrimage to the Pulastya ford by the great sage Nārada, and right there the pilgrimage of the high-souled Pāṇḍavas, are told.
1.2.167
तथा यज्ञविभूतिश्च गयस्यात्र प्रकीर्तिता ॥ १.२.१६७ ॥
Likewise, the splendour of Gaya's sacrifice is proclaimed here.
1.2.168
आगस्त्यमपि चाख्यानं यत्र वातापिभक्षणम् ।
लोपामुद्राभिपमनमपत्यार्थमृषेस्तथा ॥ १.२.१६८ ॥
The tale of Agastya is also told, where Vātāpi is devoured, and Lopāmudrā's approach to the sage for the sake of offspring.
1.2.169
ऋश्यशृङ्गस्य चरितं कौमारब्रह्मचारिणः ।
जामदग्न्यस्य रामस्य चरितं भूरितेजसः ॥ १.२.१६९ ॥
The deeds of Ṛśyaśṛṅga, who was a celibate from boyhood, and the deeds of Rāma, son of Jamadagni, of great splendour, are told.
1.2.170
कार्तवीर्यवधो यत्र हैहयानां च वर्ण्यते ।
प्रभासतीर्थे पाण्डूनां वृष्णिभिश्च समागमः ॥ १.२.१७० ॥
Where the slaying of Kārtavīrya and of the Haihayas is described, and at the Prabhāsa ford the meeting of the Pāṇḍavas with the Vṛṣṇis.
1.2.171
सौकन्यमपि चाख्यानं च्यवनो यत्र भार्गवः ।
शर्यातियज्ञे नासत्यौ कृतवान्सोमपीथिनौ ॥ १.२.१७१ ॥
Here is also the story of Saukanyā, and the tale of Cyavana, the descendant of Bhṛgu, who at Śaryāti's sacrifice made the two Nāsatyas (Aśvins), drinkers of soma, to be partakers.
1.2.172
ताभ्यां च यत्र स मुनिर्यौवनं प्रतिपादितः ।
मान्धातुश्चाप्युपाख्यानं राज्ञोऽत्रैवप्रकीर्तितं ॥ १.२.१७२ ॥
Here, by them, that sage (Cyavana) was given back his youth; and here too is recounted the tale of King Māndhātṛ.
1.2.173
जन्तूपाख्यानमत्रैव यत्र पुत्रेण सोमकः ।
पुत्रार्थमयजद्राजा लेभे पुत्रशतं च सः ॥ १.२.१७३ ॥
Here too is the story of Jantu, where King Somaka, desiring a son, performed a sacrifice and obtained a hundred sons.
1.2.174
ततः श्येनकपोतीयमुपाख्यानमनुत्तमम् ।
इन्द्राग्नी यत्र धर्मश्चाप्यजिज्ञासञ्शिबिं नृपम् ॥ १.२.१७४ ॥
Then comes the incomparable story of the hawk and the dove, where Indra, Agni and Dharma tested King Śibi.
1.2.175
अष्टावक्रीयमत्रैव विवादो यत्र बन्दिना ।
अष्टावक्रस्य विप्रर्षेर्जनकस्याध्वरेऽभवत् ॥ १.२.१७५ ॥
Here too is the story of Aṣṭāvakra, where a debate took place with the bard Bandin at the sacrifice of King Janaka, between the Brahmin sage Aṣṭāvakra and him.
1.2.176
नैयायिकानां मुख्येन वरुणस्यात्मजेन च ।
पराजितो यत्र बन्दी विवादेन महात्मना ॥ १.२.१७६ ॥
In the debate with that great soul, foremost of the logicians and son of Varuṇa, Bandin was defeated.
1.2.177
विजित्य सागरं प्राप्तं पितरं लब्धवानृषिः ।
यवक्रीतस्य चाख्यानं रैभ्यस्य च महात्मनः।
गन्धमादनयात्रा च वासो नारायणाश्रमे ॥ १.२.१७७ ॥
Having conquered the ocean, the sage obtained his father; the story of Yavakrīta and the story of the great-souled Raibhya; the journey to Gandhamādana and the dwelling in Nārāyaṇa's hermitage.
1.2.178
नियुक्तो भीमसेनश्च द्रौपद्या गन्धमादने ।
व्रजन्पथि महाबाहुर्दृष्टवान्पवनात्मजम् ॥ १.२.१७८ ॥
Bhīmasena, sent by Draupadī toward Gandhamādana, as he went along the path, the mighty-armed one saw the son of the Wind.
1.2.179
कदलीषण्डमध्यस्थं हनूमन्तं महाबलम् ।
यत्र मन्दारपुष्पार्थे नलिनीं तामधर्षयत् ॥ १.२.१७९ ॥
Hanumān, the mighty one, standing in the midst of a plantain grove, where for the sake of mandāra flowers he stirred up that lotus pool.
1.2.180
यत्रास्य युद्धमभवत्सुमहद्राक्षसैः सह ।
यक्षैश्चैव महावीर्यैर्मणिमत्प्रमुखैस्तथा ॥ १.२.१८० ॥
There a very great battle took place for him with the rākṣasas, and likewise with the yakṣas of great valour, led by Maṇimat.
1.2.181
जटासुरस्य च वधो राक्षसस्य वृकोदरात् ।
वृषपर्वणो राजर्षेस्ततोऽभिगमनं स्मृतम् ॥ १.२.१८१ ॥
The slaying of the rākṣasa Jaṭāsura by Vṛkodara (Bhīma), and then the approach to the royal sage Vṛṣaparvan is recorded.
1.2.182
आर्ष्टिषेणाश्रमे चैषां गमनं वास एव च ।
प्रोत्साहनं च पाञ्चाल्या भीमस्यात्र महात्मनः ॥ १.२.१८२ ॥
Their going to the hermitage of Ārṣṭiṣeṇa and their dwelling there, and here the encouragement of Pāñcālī (Draupadī) toward the great-souled Bhīma.
1.2.183
कैलासारोहणं प्रोक्तं यत्र यक्षैर्बलोत्कटैः ।
युद्धमासीन्महाघोरं मणिमत्प्रमुखैः सह ॥ १.२.१८३ ॥
It is said that the ascent of Kailāsa took place, where a fierce battle with the mighty yakṣas occurred, led by Maṇimat and others.
1.2.184
समागमश्च पाण्डूनां यत्र वैश्रवणेन च ।
समागमश्चार्जुनस्य तत्रैव भ्रातृभिः सह ॥ १.२.१८४ ॥
There the Pāṇḍavas met Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera), and there Arjuna was reunited with his brothers.
1.2.185
अवाप्य दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि गुर्वर्थं सव्यसाचिना ।
निवातकवचैर्युद्धं हिरण्यपुरवासिभिः ॥ १.२.१८५ ॥
Having obtained divine weapons for the sake of his teacher, Savyasācin (Arjuna) fought with the Nivātakavacas, the dwellers of Hiraṇyapura.
1.2.186
निवातकवचैर्घोरैर्दानवैः सुरशत्रुभिः ।
पौलोमैः कालकेयैश्च यत्र युद्धं किरीटिनः ॥ १.२.१८६ ॥
There the crowned one (Arjuna) fought the Nivātakavacas, the fierce Dānavas, enemies of the gods, the Paulomas and the Kālakeyas.
1.2.187
वधश्चैषां समाख्यातो राज्ञस्तेनैव धीमता ।
अस्त्रसंदर्शनारम्भो धर्मराजस्य सन्निधौ ॥ १.२.१८७ ॥
The slaying of them was also declared by that wise king. In the presence of the king of dharma, the display of weapons began.
1.2.188
पार्थस्य प्रतिषेधश्छ नारदेन सुरर्षिणा ।
अवरोहणं पुनश्चैव पाण्डूनां गन्धमादनात् ॥ १.२.१८८ ॥
Nārada, the divine sage, forbade Pārtha (Arjuna), and the Pāṇḍavas descended again from Gandhamādana.
1.2.189
भीमस्य ग्रहणं चात्र पर्वताभोगवर्ष्मणा ।
भुजगेन्द्रेण बलिना तस्मिन्सुगहने वने ॥ १.२.१८९ ॥
Here too is told how Bhīma was seized in that dense forest by the mighty lord of serpents, whose body spread like a mountain.
1.2.190
अमोक्षयद्यत्र चैनं प्रश्नानुक्त्वा युधिष्ठिरः ।
काम्यकागमनं चैव पुनस्तेषां महात्मनाम् ॥ १.२.१९० ॥
Where Yudhiṣṭhira, having answered the questions, did not release him, and the going of those great-souled ones again to Kāmyaka.
1.2.191
तत्रस्थांश्च पुनर्द्रष्टुं पाण्डवान्परुषर्षभान् ।
वासुदेवस्यागमनमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.१९१ ॥
Here also is recounted the coming of Vāsudeva to see again the Pāṇḍavas, those bulls among men who were staying there.
1.2.192
मार्कण्डेयसमास्यायामुपाख्यानानि सर्वशः ।
पृथोर्वैन्यस्य यत्रोक्तमाख्यानं परमर्षिणा ॥ १.२.१९२ ॥
In the Mārkaṇḍeya-samasyā are all the episodes in full, where the supreme sage recounts the story of Pṛthu, son of Vena.
1.2.193
संवादश्च सरस्वत्यास्तार्क्ष्यर्षेः सुमहात्मनः ।
मत्स्योपाख्यानमत्रैव प्रोच्यते तदनन्तरम् ॥ १.२.१९३ ॥
Here is told the dialogue of Sarasvatī and the great-souled sage Tārkṣya, and immediately after it the Matsya episode.
1.2.194
मार्कण्डेयसमास्या च पुराणं परिकीर्त्यते ।
ऐन्द्रद्युम्नामुपाख्यानं तथैवाङ्गिरसं स्मृतम् ॥ १.२.१९४ ॥
The Mārkaṇḍeya-samasyā and the Purāṇa are recounted; the Aindradyumna episode and likewise the Āṅgirasa episode are also remembered.
1.2.195
पतिव्रतायाश्चाख्यानं तथैवाङ्गिरसं स्मृतम् ।
द्रौपद्याः कीर्तितश्चात्र संवादः सत्यभामया ॥ १.२.१९५ ॥
The tale of the devoted wife is likewise recalled, and the Āṅgirasa tale too. Here is declared the dialogue of Draupadī with Satyabhāmā.
1.2.196
पुनर्द्वैतवनं चैव पाण्डवाः समुपागताः ।
घोषयात्रा च गन्धर्वैर्यत्र बद्धः सुयोधनः ॥ १.२.१९६ ॥
Again the Pāṇḍavas came to the Dvaita forest, where the cattle-pasture visit took place and where the Gandharvas bound Suyodhana.
1.2.197
ह्रियमाणस्तु मन्दात्मा मोक्षितोऽसौ किरीटिना ।
धर्मराजस्य चात्रैव मृगस्वप्ननिदर्शनात् ॥ १.२.१९७ ॥
That weak-minded one, while being carried off, was released by Kirīṭin (Arjuna); and here too is the showing of the king of dharma's deer-dream.
1.2.198
काम्यके काननश्रेष्ठे पुनर्गमनमुच्यते ।
व्रीहिद्रौणिकमाख्यानमत्रैव बहुविस्तरम् ॥ १.२.१९८ ॥
Their return to the Kāmyaka forest, the finest of forests, is told; and here too is the tale of the rice-measure of Droṇa, at great length.
1.2.199
दुर्वाससोऽप्युपाख्यानमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् ।
जयद्रथेनापहारो द्रौपद्याश्चाश्रमान्तरात् ॥ १.२.१९९ ॥
The tale of Durvāsas too is recited here, and the abduction of Draupadī by Jayadratha from within the hermitage.
1.2.200
यत्रैनमन्वयाद्भीमो वायुवेगसमो जवे ।
चक्रे चैनं पञ्चशिखं यत्र भीमो महाबलः ॥ १.२.२०० ॥
Where Bhīma, swift as the wind, pursued him, and where mighty Bhīma made him Pañcaśikha, the five-tufted one.
1.2.201
रामायणमुपाख्यानमत्रैव बहुविस्तरम् ।
यत्र रामेण विक्रम्य निहतो रावणो युधि ॥ १.२.२०१ ॥
Here too is the very extensive episode of the Rāmāyaṇa, in which Rāma, displaying his valor, slew Rāvaṇa in battle.
1.2.202
सावित्र्याश्चाप्युपाख्यानमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् ।
कर्णस्य परिमोक्षोऽत्र कुण्डलाभ्यां पुरंदरात् ॥ १.२.२०२ ॥
Here too is recounted the episode of Sāvitrī; and here is Karṇa's deliverance from Indra, together with the earrings.
1.2.203
यत्रास्य शक्तिं तुष्टोऽसावदादेकवधाय च ।
आरणेयमुपाख्यानं यत्र धर्मोऽन्वशात्सुतम् ॥ १.२.२०३ ॥
Where Indra, pleased, gave him the spear for a single slaying; and here is the Āraṇeya episode, where Dharma instructed his son.
1.2.204
जग्मुर्लब्धवरा यत्र पाण्डवाः पश्चिमां दिशम् ।
एतदारण्यकं पर्व तृतीयं परिकीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.२०४ ॥
Where the Pāṇḍavas, having obtained boons, went toward the western quarter; this Forest (Āraṇyaka) book is proclaimed the third.
1.2.205
अत्राध्यायशते द्वे तु संख्यया परिकीर्तिते ।
एकोनसप्ततिश्चैव तथाऽध्यायाः प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ १.२.२०५ ॥
Here two hundred chapters are proclaimed in number, and likewise sixty-nine chapters are proclaimed.
1.2.206
एकादश सहस्राणि श्लोकानां षट् शतानि च ।
चतुःषष्टिस्तथा श्लोकाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ १.२.२०६ ॥
In this book eleven thousand six hundred and sixty-four verses are proclaimed.
1.2.207
अतः परं निबोधेदं वैराटं पर्व विस्तरम् ।
विराटनगरे गत्वा श्मशाने विपुलां शमीम् ॥ १.२.२०७ ॥
Now hear the Virāṭa book in detail. Having gone to the city of Virāṭa, to the great śamī tree in the cremation ground...
1.2.208
दृष्ट्वा संनिदधुस्तत्र पाण्डवा ह्यायुधान्युत ।
यत्र प्रविश्य नगरं छद्मना न्यवसंस्तु ते ॥ १.२.२०८ ॥
Having seen them there, the Pāṇḍavas placed their weapons together, and having entered the city they dwelt there in disguise.
1.2.209
पाञ्चालीं प्रार्थयानस्य कामोपहतचेतसः ।
दुष्टात्मनो वधो यत्र कीचकस्य वृकोदरात् ॥ १.२.२०९ ॥
Where the wicked Kīcaka, his mind struck by desire, solicited Pāñcālī, and where Kīcaka was slain by Vṛkodara.
1.2.210
पाण्डवान्वेषणार्थं च राज्ञो दुर्योधनस्य च ।
चाराः प्रस्थापिताश्चात्र निपुणाः सर्वतोदिशं ॥ १.२.२१० ॥
And skilled spies were sent out in all directions here, to search for the Pāṇḍavas and for King Duryodhana.
1.2.211
न च प्रवृत्तिस्तैर्लब्धा पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् ।
गोग्रहश्च विराटस्य त्रिगर्तैः प्रथमं कृतः ॥ १.२.२११ ॥
But they obtained no news of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas. First the Trigartas made a raid on Virāṭa's cattle.
1.2.212
यत्रास्य युद्धं सुमहत्तैरासील्लोमहर्षणम् ।
ह्रियमाणश्च यत्रासौ भीमसेनेन मोक्षितः ॥ १.२.२१२ ॥
There a very great, hair-raising battle took place between him and them, and there, when he was being seized, he was freed by Bhīmasena.
1.2.213
गोधनं च विराटस्य मोक्षितं यत्र पाण्डवैः ।
अनन्तरं च कुरुभिस्तस्य गोग्रहणं कृतम् ॥ १.२.२१३ ॥
There the cattle-wealth of Virāṭa was rescued by the Pāṇḍavas, and afterwards the Kurus carried out a seizure of the cattle.
1.2.214
समस्ता यत्र पार्थेन निर्जिताः कुरवो युधि ।
प्रत्याहृतं गोधनं च विक्रमेण किरीटिना ॥ १.२.२१४ ॥
There the son of Pṛthā defeated all the Kurus in battle, and by his valour the helmeted Kirīṭin took back the cattle-wealth.
1.2.215
विराटेनोत्तरा दत्ता स्नुषा यत्र किरीटिनः ।
अभिमन्युं समुद्दिश्य सौभद्रमरिघातिनम् ॥ १.२.२१५ ॥
There Virāṭa gave Uttarā, as a daughter-in-law of the helmeted Kirīṭin, to Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā, the slayer of foes.
1.2.216
चतुर्थमेतद्विपुलं वैराटं पर्व वर्णितम् ।
अत्रापि परिसंख्याता अध्यायाः परमर्षिणा ॥ १.२.२१६ ॥
This fourth, extensive Virāṭa parva has been described; here too the chapters have been counted by the supreme sage.
1.2.217
सप्तषष्टिरथो पूर्णाः श्लोकानामपि मे शृणु ।
श्लोकानां द्वे सहस्रे तु श्लोकाः पञ्चाशदेव तु ॥ १.२.२१७ ॥
Sixty-seven complete chapters; hear from me also the number of verses: two thousand and fifty verses.
1.2.218
उक्तानि वेदविदुषा पर्वण्यस्मिन्महर्षिणा ।
उद्योगपर्व विज्ञेयं पञ्चमं शृण्वतः परम् ॥ १.२.२१८ ॥
Hear what has been declared in this parva by the great sage who knows the Vedas; the fifth is to be known as the Udyoga Parva.
1.2.219
उपप्लाव्ये निविष्टेषु पाण्डवेषु जिगीषया ।
दुर्योधनोऽर्जुनश्चैव वासुदेवमुपस्थितौ ॥ १.२.२१९ ॥
When the Pāṇḍavas had encamped at Upaplavya, Duryodhana and Arjuna, eager for victory, came to Vāsudeva.
1.2.220
साहाय्यमस्मिन्समरे भवान्नौ कर्तुमर्हति ।
इत्युक्ते वचने कृष्णो यत्रोवाच महामतिः ॥ १.२.२२० ॥
"In this battle, it is fitting that you give help to us both." When these words were spoken, Kṛṣṇa, the great-minded one, said:
1.2.221
अयुध्यमानमात्मानं मन्त्रिणं पुरुषर्षभौ ।
अक्षौहिणीं वा सैन्यस्य कस्य किं वा ददाम्यहम् ॥ १.२.२२१ ॥
"I will not fight myself; I will be an advisor, or give one akṣauhiṇī of the army. O bulls among men, to whom shall I give what?"
1.2.222
वव्रे दुर्योधनः सैन्यं मन्दात्मा यत्र दुर्मतिः ।
अयुध्यभानं सचिवं वव्रे कृष्मं धनंजयः ॥ १.२.२२२ ॥
Duryodhana, foolish-minded and ill-minded, chose the army, while Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) chose Kṛṣṇa, the advisor who would not fight.
1.2.223
मद्रराजं व राजानमायान्तं पाण्डवान्प्रति ।
उपहारैर्वञ्चायत्वा वर्त्मन्येव सुयोधनः ॥ १.२.२२३ ॥
Having deceived the king of the Madras, who was coming toward the Pāṇḍavas, with gifts right on the road, Suyodhana...
1.2.224
वरदं तं वरं वव्रे साहाय्यं क्रियतां मम ।
शल्यस्तस्मै प्रतिश्रुत्य जगामोद्दिश्य पाण्डवान् ॥ १.२.२२४ ॥
He asked the giver of boons for a boon: "Let help be rendered to me." Śalya, having promised him this, set out, aiming for the Pāṇḍavas.
1.2.225
शान्तिपूर्वं चाकथयद्यत्रेन्द्रविजयं नृपः ।
पुरोहितप्रेषणं च पाण्डवैः कौरवान्प्रति ॥ १.२.२२५ ॥
There the king told, peacefully, of Indra's victory and of the sending of a priest by the Pāṇḍavas to the Kauravas.
1.2.226
वैचित्रवीर्यस्य वचः समादाय पुरोधसः ।
तथेन्द्रविजयं चापि यानं चैव पुरोधसः ॥ १.२.२२६ ॥
Taking up the words of Vicitravīrya's son and of the priest, he likewise told of Indra's victory and of the priest's journey.
1.2.227
संजयं प्रेषयामास शमार्थी पाण्डवान्प्रति ।
यत्र दूतं महाराजो धृतराष्ट्रः प्रतापवान् ॥ १.२.२२७ ॥
Desiring peace, the mighty great king Dhṛtarāṣṭra sent Sañjaya as envoy to the Pāṇḍavas.
1.2.228
श्रुत्वा च पाण्डवान्यत्र वासुदेवपुरोगमान् ।
प्रजागरः संप्रजज्ञे धृतराष्ट्रस्य चिन्तया ॥ १.२.२२८ ॥
Hearing of the Pāṇḍavas led by Vāsudeva, Dhṛtarāṣṭra lay awake, consumed by worry.
1.2.229
विदुरो यत्र वाक्यानि विचित्राणि हितानि च ।
श्रावयामास राजानं धृतराष्ट्रं मनीषिणम् ॥ १.२.२२९ ॥
There Vidura made the wise king Dhṛtarāṣṭra hear words that were varied and beneficial.
1.2.230
तथा सनत्सुजातेन यत्राध्यात्ममनुत्तमम् ।
मनस्तापान्वितो राजा श्रावितः शोकलालसः ॥ १.२.२३० ॥
Likewise, through Sanatsujāta the supreme spiritual teaching was given, and it was made to be heard by the king, afflicted in mind and craving sorrow.
1.2.231
प्रभाते राजसमितौ संजयो यत्र वा विभो ।
ऐकात्म्यं वासुदेवस्य प्रोक्तवानर्जुनस्य च ॥ १.२.२३१ ॥
O mighty one, at dawn in the king's assembly, or where Sañjaya spoke of the oneness of Vāsudeva and Arjuna.
1.2.232
यत्र कृष्णो दयापन्नः सन्धिमिच्छन्महामतिः ।
स्वयमागाच्छणं कर्तुं नगरं नागसाह्वयम् ॥ १.२.२३२ ॥
Where Kṛṣṇa, moved by compassion and wishing for peace, of great wisdom, came himself to the city called Nāgasāhvaya to make peace.
1.2.233
प्रत्याख्यानं च कृष्णस्य राज्ञा दुर्योधनेन वै ।
शमार्थे याचमानस्य पक्षयोरुभयोर्हितम् ॥ १.२.२३३ ॥
The refusal by King Duryodhana of Kṛṣṇa, who begged for peace, a welfare for both sides.
1.2.234
दम्भोद्भवस्य चाख्यानमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् ।
वरान्वेषणमत्रैव मातलेश्च महात्मनः ॥ १.२.२३४ ॥
Here too was recounted the story of Dambhodbhava, and here the seeking of boons by the great-souled Mātali.
1.2.235
महर्षेश्चापि चरितं कथितं गालवस्य वै ।
विदुलायाश्च पुत्रस्य प्रोक्तं चाप्यनुशासनम् ॥ १.२.२३५ ॥
The deeds of the great sage Gālava were also told, and the instruction spoken to the son of Vidulā was declared.
1.2.236
कर्णदुर्योधनादीनां दुष्टं विज्ञाय मन्त्रितम् ।
योगेश्वरत्पं कृष्णेन यत्र राज्ञां प्रदर्शितम् ॥ १.२.२३६ ॥
Having perceived the wicked plotting of Karṇa, Duryodhana and the others, the place where Kṛṣṇa showed the kings his form as lord of yoga.
1.2.237
रथमारोप्य कृष्णेन यत्र कर्णोऽनुमन्त्रितः ।
उपायपूर्वं शौटीर्यात्प्रत्याख्यातश्च तेन सः ॥ १.२.२३७ ॥
Having placed Karṇa on the chariot, Kṛṣṇa counselled him by stratagem; but out of pride he rejected it.
1.2.238
आगम्य हास्तिनपुरादुपप्लाव्यमरिंदमः ।
पाण्डवानां यथावृत्तं सर्वमाख्यातवान्हरिः ॥ १.२.२३८ ॥
Hari, the subduer of foes, having come from Hāstinapura to Upaplāvya, told the Pāṇḍavas all that had taken place.
1.2.239
ते तस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा मन्त्रयित्वा च यद्धितम् ।
साङ्ग्रामिकं ततः सर्वं सञ्जं चक्रुः परंतपाः ॥ १.२.२३९ ॥
Having heard his words and deliberated on what was beneficial, the scorchers of foes then made all the preparations for war.
1.2.240
ततो युद्धाय निर्याता नराश्वरथदन्तिनः ।
नगराद्धास्तिनपुराद्वलसंख्यानमेवच ॥ १.२.२४० ॥
Then men, horses, chariots and elephants set out for battle from the city of Hāstinapura, and the counting of the forces was also made.
1.2.241
यत्र राज्ञा ह्युलूकस्य प्रेषणं पाम्डवान्प्रति ।
श्वोभाविनि महायुद्धे दौत्येन कृतवान्प्रभुः ॥ १.२.२४१ ॥
Where the king, for the great battle to be fought tomorrow, sent Ulūka as an envoy to the Pāṇḍavas.
1.2.242
रथातिरथसंख्यानमम्बोपाख्यानमेव च ।
एतत्सुबहुवृत्तान्तं पञ्चमं पर्व भारते ॥ १.२.२४२ ॥
The enumeration of chariot-warriors and great chariot-warriors, and the episode of Ambā — this is the fifth book of the Mahābhārata, rich with many accounts.
1.2.243
उद्योगपर्व निर्दिष्टं सन्धिविग्रहमिश्रितम् ।
अध्यायानां शतं प्रोक्तं षडशीतिर्महर्षिणा ॥ १.२.२४३ ॥
The Udyoga Parva, mixed with peace and war, is declared; the great seer said it has one hundred and eighty-six chapters.
1.2.244
श्लोकानां षट् सहस्राणि तावन्त्येव शतानि च ।
श्लोकाश्च नवतिः प्रोक्तास्तथैवाष्टौ महात्मना ॥ १.२.२४४ ॥
Six thousand verses, and as many hundreds, and ninety verses are said; and the great-souled one likewise said eight.
1.2.245
व्यासेनोदारमतिना पर्वण्यस्मिंस्तपोधनाः ।
अतः परं विचित्रार्थं भीष्मपर्व प्रचक्षते ॥ १.२.२४५ ॥
O sages rich in austerity, in this book Vyāsa of noble intellect (declared it). After this they proclaim the Bhīṣma Parva, rich in varied matter.
1.2.246
जम्बूखण्डविनिर्माणं यत्रोक्तं संजयेन ह ।
यत्र यौधिष्ठिरं सैन्यं विषादमगमत्परम् ॥ १.२.२४६ ॥
Here Sañjaya told of the making of Jambūkhaṇḍa, and here Yudhiṣṭhira's army fell into the deepest despair.
1.2.247
यत्र युद्धमभूद्धोरं दसाहानि सुदारुणम् ।
कश्मलं यत्र पार्थस्य वासुदेवो महामतिः ॥ १.२.२४७ ॥
Here a terrible and most dreadful battle raged for ten days; here was Arjuna's dejection, and here was Vāsudeva of great wisdom.
1.2.248
मोहजं नाशयामास हेतुभिर्मोक्षदर्शिभिः ।
समीक्ष्यादोक्षजः क्षिप्रं युधिष्ठिरहिते रतः ॥ १.२.२४८ ॥
He dispelled the confusion born of delusion with reasons that reveal liberation; Adokṣaja (Kṛṣṇa), devoted to the welfare of Yudhiṣṭhira, having considered it, quickly did so.
1.2.249
रथादाप्लुत्य वेगेन स्वयं कृष्ण उदारधीः ।
प्रतोदपाणिराधावद्भीष्मं हन्तुं व्यपेतभीः ॥ १.२.२४९ ॥
Kṛṣṇa, of noble mind, leapt down from the chariot himself with speed, goad in hand, and fearless rushed forward to strike down Bhīṣma.
1.2.250
वाक्यप्रतोदाभिहतो यत्र कृष्णेन पाण्डवः ।
गाण्डीवधन्वा समरे सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः ॥ १.२.२५० ॥
Struck by the goad of Kṛṣṇa's words, the Pāṇḍava bearing the Gāṇḍīva bow, best of all weapon-bearers in battle, (advanced).
1.2.251
शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य यत्र पार्थो महाधनुः ।
विनिघ्नन्निशितैर्बाणै रथाद्भीष्ममपातयत् ॥ १.२.२५१ ॥
Where Arjuna, son of Pṛthā, the great archer, placing Śikhaṇḍin in front and striking with sharp arrows, caused Bhīṣma to fall from the chariot.
1.2.252
शरतल्पगतश्चैव भीष्मो यत्र बभूव ह ।
षष्ठमेतत्समाख्यातं भारते पर्व विस्तृतम् ॥ १.२.२५२ ॥
Here, where Bhīṣma lay on a bed of arrows, this is declared to be the sixth extensive book of the Mahābhārata.
1.2.253
अध्यायानां शतं प्रोक्तं तथा सप्तदशापरे ।
पञ्च श्लोकसहस्राणि संख्ययाष्टौ शतानि च ॥ १.२.२५३ ॥
In it are declared one hundred and seventeen chapters, and in number five thousand eight hundred verses.
1.2.254
श्लोकाश्च चतुराशीतिरस्मिन्पर्वणि कीर्तिताः ।
व्यासेन वेदविदुषा संख्याता भीष्मपर्वणि ॥ १.२.२५४ ॥
In this parva eighty-four verses are recounted; they were counted by Vyāsa, learned in the Vedas, in the Bhīṣma-parva.
1.2.255
द्रोणपर्व ततश्चित्रं बहुवृत्तान्तमुच्यते ।
सैनापत्येऽभिषिक्तोऽथ यत्राचार्यः प्रतापवान् ॥ १.२.२५५ ॥
Then the Drona Parva is recounted, wondrous and full of many events, where the mighty teacher was anointed as commander of the army.
1.2.256
दुर्योधनस्य प्रीत्यर्थं प्रतिजज्ञे महास्त्रवित् ।
ग्रहणं धर्मराजस्य पाण्डुपुत्रस्य धीमतः ॥ १.२.२५६ ॥
For the pleasure of Duryodhana, the knower of great weapons vowed to seize the wise Dharmarāja, son of Pāṇḍu.
1.2.257
यत्र संशप्तकाः पार्थमपनिन्यू रणाजिरात् ।
भगदत्तो महाराजो यत्र शक्रसमो युधि ॥ १.२.२५७ ॥
Where the Saṃśaptakas led Pārtha away from the battlefield, and where the great king Bhagadatta, equal to Śakra, fought in battle.
1.2.258
सुप्रतीकेन नागेन स हि शान्तः किरीटिना ।
यत्राभिमन्युं बहवो जघ्नुरेकं महारथाः ॥ १.२.२५८ ॥
The elephant Supratīka was quelled by Kirīṭin (Arjuna), who, though alone, was struck down by many great chariot-warriors where they slew Abhimanyu.
1.2.259
जयद्रथमुखा बालं शूरमप्राप्तयौवनम् ।
हतेऽभिमन्यौ क्रुद्धेन यत्र पार्थेन संयुगे ॥ १.२.२५९ ॥
Led by Jayadratha, they slew the youthful hero Abhimanyu, who had not yet reached manhood; and when Abhimanyu was slain, Pārtha (Arjuna), enraged, took his revenge in battle.
1.2.260
अक्षौहिणीः सप्त हत्वा हतो राजा जयद्रथः ।
यत्र भीमो महाबाहुः सात्यकिश्च महारथः ॥ १.२.२६० ॥
Having slain seven akṣauhiṇī armies, King Jayadratha was himself slain, where the mighty-armed Bhīma and the great chariot-warrior Sātyaki were present.
1.2.261
अन्वेषणार्थं पार्थस्य युधिष्ठिरनृपाज्ञया ।
प्रविष्टौ भारतीं सेनामप्रधृष्यां सुरैरपि ॥ १.२.२६१ ॥
At King Yudhiṣṭhira's command, the two entered the Bhārata army, unassailable even by the gods, to search for Pārtha (Arjuna).
1.2.262
संशप्तकावशेषं च कृतं निःशेषमाहवे ।
संशप्तकानां वीराणां कोट्यो नव महात्मनाम् ॥ १.२.२६२ ॥
The remnant of the Saṃśaptakas was completely destroyed in battle; the great-souled Saṃśaptaka heroes numbered nine crores.
1.2.263
किरीटिनाभिनिष्क्रम्य प्रापिता यमसादनम् ।
धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्राश्च तथा पाषाणयोधिनः ॥ १.२.२६३ ॥
The diadem-bearer (Arjuna) went forth and sent the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and likewise the stone-warriors, to the abode of Yama.
1.2.264
नारायणाश्च गोपालाः समरे चित्रयोधिनः ।
अलम्बुषः श्रुतायुश्च जलसन्धश्च वीर्यवान् ॥ १.२.२६४ ॥
In battle, the Nārāyaṇas and the cowherds, warriors of varied skill; Alambuṣa, Śrutāyus, and the mighty Jalasandha.
1.2.265
सौमदत्तिर्विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ।
घटोत्कचादयश्चान्ये निहता द्रोणपर्वणि ॥ १.२.२६५ ॥
The son of Somadatta (Bhūriśravas), Virāṭa, the great charioteer Drupada, Ghaṭotkaca and others were slain in the Droṇa parva.
1.2.266
अश्वत्थामापि चात्रैव द्रोणे युधि निपातिते ।
अस्त्रं प्रादुश्चकारोग्रं नारायणममर्षितः ॥ १.२.२६६ ॥
When Droṇa had been struck down in battle, Aśvatthāman too, enraged, here brought forth the fearful Nārāyaṇa weapon.
1.2.267
आग्नेयं कीर्त्यते यत्र रुद्रमाहात्म्यमुत्तमम् ।
व्यासस्य चाप्यागमनं माहात्म्यं कृष्णपार्थयोः ॥ १.२.२६७ ॥
Here the fire-weapon (Āgneya) is recounted, the supreme greatness of Rudra, the coming of Vyāsa, and the glory of Kṛṣṇa and Pārtha (Arjuna).
1.2.268
सप्तमं भारते पर्व महदेतदुदाहृतम् ।
यत्र ते पृथिवीपालाः प्रायशो निधनं गताः ॥ १.२.२६८ ॥
This is declared the great seventh book of the Bhārata, where the protectors of the earth, for the most part, met their end.
1.2.269
द्रोणपर्वणि ये शऊरा निर्दिष्टाः पुरुषर्षभाः ।
अत्राध्यायशतं प्रोक्तं तथाध्यायाश्च सप्ततिः ॥ १.२.२६९ ॥
The heroes, bulls among men, named in the Droṇa parva; here a hundred and seventy chapters are said.
1.2.270
अष्टौ श्लोकसहस्राणि तथा नव शतानि च ।
श्लोका नव तथैवात्र संख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना ॥ १.२.२७० ॥
Here, by the seer of truth, eight thousand nine hundred and nine verses are counted.
1.2.271
पाराशर्येण मुनिनां संचिन्त्य द्रोणपर्वणि ।
अतः परं कर्णपर्व प्रोच्यते परमाद्भुतम् ॥ १.२.२७१ ॥
Having reflected, the sage son of Parāśara (Vyāsa) declared the Droṇa parva; after this the most wondrous Karṇa parva is told.
1.2.272
सारथ्ये विनियोगश्च मद्रराजस्य धीमतः ।
आख्यातं यत्र पौरामं त्रिपुरस्य निपातनम् ॥ १.२.२७२ ॥
Here are told the appointment of the wise king of the Madras (Śalya) as charioteer, and the slaying of Tripura, the Pauram episode.
1.2.273
प्रयाणे परुषश्चात्र संवादः कर्णशल्ययोः ।
हंसकाकीयमाख्यानं तत्रैवाक्षेपसंहितम् ॥ १.२.२७३ ॥
Here, on the march, is a harsh dialogue between Karṇa and Śalya, and there too the tale of the swan and the crow, full of reproaches.
1.2.274
वधः पाण्ड्यस्य च तथा अश्वत्थाम्ना महात्मना ।
दण्डसेनस्य च ततो दण्डस्य च वधस्तथा ॥ १.२.२७४ ॥
The slaying of the Pāṇḍya by the great-souled Aśvatthāman, and then the slaying of Daṇḍasena and of Daṇḍa, are also told there.
1.2.275
द्वैरथे यत्र कर्णेन धर्मराजो युधिष्टिरः ।
संशयं गमितो युद्धे मिषतां सर्वधन्विनाम् ॥ १.२.२७५ ॥
Where in single combat Karṇa brought King Yudhiṣṭhira, the lord of Dharma, into peril in battle, while all the archers looked on.
1.2.276
अन्योन्यं प्रति च क्रोधो युधिष्ठिरकिरीटिनोः ।
यत्रैवानुनयः प्रोक्तो माधवेनार्जुनस्य हि ॥ १.२.२७६ ॥
Here anger arose between Yudhiṣṭhira and Kirīṭin (Arjuna), and here Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa) spoke words of conciliation to Arjuna.
1.2.277
प्रतिज्ञापूर्वकं चापि वक्षो दुःशासनस्य च ।
भित्त्वा वृकोदरो रक्तं पीतवान्यत्र संयुगे ॥ १.२.२७७ ॥
Where, in fulfilment of his vow, Vṛkodara (Bhīma) tore open the chest of Duḥśāsana in battle and drank his blood.
1.2.278
द्वैरथे यत्र पार्थेन हतः कर्णो महारथः ।
अष्टमं पर्व निर्दिष्टमेतद्भारतचिन्तकैः ॥ १.२.२७८ ॥
Where, in single combat, the great warrior Karṇa was slain by Pārtha (Arjuna); this is designated the eighth parva by the scholars of the Bhārata.
1.2.279
एकोनसप्ततिः प्रोक्ता अध्यायाः कर्णपर्वणि ।
चत्वार्येव सहस्राणि नव श्लोकशतानि च ॥ १.२.२७९ ॥
Seventy-one chapters are declared in the Karṇa-parva, and four thousand nine hundred verses.
1.2.280
चतुःषष्टिस्तथा श्लोकाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिताः ।
अतः परं विचित्रार्थं शल्यपर्व प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.२८० ॥
Sixty-four verses are recounted in this parva. After this, the Śalya-parva, of varied meaning, is recounted.
1.2.281
हतप्रवीरे सैन्ये तु नेता मद्रेश्वरोऽभवत् ।
यत्र कौमारमाख्यानमभिषेकस्य कर्म च ॥ १.२.२८१ ॥
When the heroes were slain and the army was lost, the lord of the Madras became its leader. Here is the tale of Kumāra and the rite of consecration.
1.2.282
वृत्तानि चाथ युद्धानि कीर्त्यन्ते यत्र भागशः ।
विनाशः कुरुमुख्यानां शल्यपर्वणि कीर्त्यते ॥ १.२.२८२ ॥
Here the events and battles are recounted in parts, and in the Śalya-parva is recounted the destruction of the foremost Kurus.
1.2.283
शल्यस्य निधनं चात्र धर्मराजान्महात्मनः ।
शकुनेश्च वधोऽत्रैव सहदेवेन संयुगे ॥ १.२.२८३ ॥
Here too is recounted the death of Śalya at the hands of the great-souled King of Dharma, and the slaying of Śakuni in battle by Sahadeva.
1.2.284
सैन्ये च हतभूयिष्ठे किंचिच्छिष्टे सुयोधनः ।
ह्रदं प्रविश्य यत्रासौ संस्तभ्यापोव्यवस्थितः ॥ १.२.२८४ ॥
When most of the army had been slain and only a remnant was left, Suyodhana entered a lake, stopped the water, and stayed there.
1.2.285
प्रवृत्तिस्तत्र चाख्याता यत्र भीमस्य लुब्धकैः ।
क्षेपयुक्तैर्वचोभिश्च धर्मराजस्य धीमतः ॥ १.२.२८५ ॥
There, too, is recounted the account, told in the taunting words of the hunters, concerning Bhīma and the wise king of dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira.
1.2.286
ह्रदात्समुत्थितो यत्र धार्तराष्ट्रोऽत्यमर्षणः ।
भीमेन गदया युद्धं यत्रासौ कृतवान्सह ॥ १.२.२८६ ॥
Where the exceedingly wrathful son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, having risen from the lake, fought a mace-battle with Bhīma.
1.2.287
समवाये च युद्धस्य रामस्यागमनं स्मृतम् ।
सरस्वत्याश्च तीर्थानां पुण्यता परिकीर्तिता ॥ १.२.२८७ ॥
At the gathering of the battle, the arrival of Rāma (Balarāma) is remembered, and the sanctity of the Sarasvatī and of the holy fords is proclaimed.
1.2.288
गदायुद्धं च तुमुलमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् ।
दुर्योधनस्य राज्ञोऽथ यत्र भीमेन संयुगे ॥ १.२.२८८ ॥
Here too is proclaimed the tumultuous mace-battle of King Duryodhana with Bhīma in the fight.
1.2.289
ऊरू भग्नौ प्रसह्याजौ गदया भीमवेगया ।
नवमं पर्व निर्दिष्टमेतदद्भुतमर्थवत् ॥ १.२.२८९ ॥
In battle, by Bhīma's swift mace, both thighs were forcibly broken; this ninth parva is designated, wondrous and meaningful.
1.2.290
एकोनपष्टिरध्यायाः पर्वण्यत्र प्रकीर्तिताः ।
संख्याता बहुवृत्तान्ताः श्लोकसंख्याऽत्र कथ्यते ॥ १.२.२९० ॥
In this parva fifty-nine chapters are proclaimed, with many accounts counted; here the number of verses is told.
1.2.291
त्रीणि श्लोकसहस्राणि द्वे शते विंशतिस्तथा ।
मुनिना संप्रणीतानि कौरवाणां यशोभृता ॥ १.२.२९१ ॥
Three thousand two hundred and twenty verses, composed by the sage, bearing the glory of the Kauravas.
1.2.292
अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि सौप्तिकं पर्व दारुणम् ।
भग्नोरुं यत्र राजानं दुर्योधनममर्षणम् ॥ १.२.२९२ ॥
Now I shall relate the dreadful Sauptika book, where King Duryodhana, his thigh broken and unforgiving, lies.
1.2.293
अपयातेषु पार्थेषु त्रयस्तेऽभ्याययू रथाः ।
कृतवर्मा कृपो द्रौणिः सायाह्ने रुधिरोक्षितम् ॥ १.२.२९३ ॥
When the Pāṇḍavas had withdrawn, those three charioteers — Kṛtavarman, Kṛpa and Droṇa's son — came in the evening to the place soaked with blood.
1.2.294
समेत्य ददृशुर्भूमौ पतितं रणमूर्धनि ।
प्रतिजज्ञे दृढक्रोधो द्रौणिर्यत्र महारथः ॥ १.२.२९४ ॥
Coming together, they saw him fallen on the ground at the head of the battlefield; there Droṇa's son, firm in wrath, the great charioteer, made a vow.
1.2.295
अहत्वा सर्वपाञ्चालान्धृष्टद्युम्नपुरोगमान् ।
पाण्डवांश्च सहामात्यान्न विमोक्ष्यामि दंशनं ॥ १.२.२९५ ॥
Without slaying all the Pāñcālas led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, and the Pāṇḍavas with their ministers, I shall not take off this armour.
1.2.296
यत्रैवमुक्त्वा राजानमपक्रम्य त्रयो रथाः ।
सूर्यास्तमनवेलायामासेदुस्ते महद्वनम् ॥ १.२.२९६ ॥
Having spoken thus to the king there and withdrawn, those three charioteers reached a great forest at the hour of sunset.
1.2.297
न्यग्रोधस्याथ महतो यत्राधस्ताद्व्यवस्थिताः ।
ततः काकान्बहून्रात्रौ दृष्ट्वोलूकेन हिंसितान् ॥ १.२.२९७ ॥
Then, beneath the great banyan tree where they were stationed, at night they saw many crows that had been killed by an owl.
1.2.298
द्रौणिः क्रोधसमाविष्टः पितुर्वधमनुस्मरन् ।
पाञ्चालानां प्रसुप्तानां वधं प्रति मनो दधे ॥ १.२.२९८ ॥
Droṇa's son, seized with rage and recalling his father's killing, set his mind on slaying the sleeping Pāñcālas.
1.2.299
गत्वा च शिबिरद्वारि दुर्दर्शं तत्र राक्षसम् ।
घोररूपमपश्यत्स दिवामावृत्य धिष्ठिरम् ॥ १.२.२९९ ॥
Going to the gate of the camp, there he saw a rākṣasa of terrible form, hard to look upon, standing and covering the sky.
1.2.300
तेन व्याघातमस्त्राणां क्रियमाणमवेक्ष्य च ।
द्रौणिर्यत्र विरूपाक्षं रुद्रमाराध्य सत्वरः ॥ १.२.३०० ॥
Seeing his weapons being obstructed by him, Droṇa's son swiftly propitiated Rudra, the one with the distorted eyes, Virūpākṣa.
1.2.301
प्रसुप्तान्निशि विश्वस्तान्धृष्टद्युम्नपुरोगमान् ।
पाञ्चालान्सपरीवारान्द्रौपदेयांश्च सर्वशः ॥ १.२.३०१ ॥
The sleeping, unsuspecting Pāñcālas led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, with their retinues, and all the sons of Draupadī, at night.
1.2.302
कृतवर्मणा च सहितः कृपेण च निजघ्निवान् ।
यत्रामुच्यन्त ते पार्थाः पञ्च कृष्णबलाश्रयात् ॥ १.२.३०२ ॥
Together with Kṛtavarman and Kṛpa he slew them; and there the five Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas) were spared, by relying on Kṛṣṇa's strength.
1.2.303
सात्यकिश्च महेष्वासः शेषाश्च निधनं गताः ।
पाञ्चालानां प्रसुप्तानां यत्र द्रोणसुताद्वधः ॥ १.२.३०३ ॥
The great archer Sātyaki and the rest met death; there, the sleeping Pāñcālas were slain by Droṇa's son.
1.2.304
धृष्टद्युम्नस्य सूतेन पाण्डवेषु निवेदितः ।
द्रौपदी पुत्रशोकार्ता पितृभ्रातृवधार्दिता ॥ १.२.३०४ ॥
The charioteer of Dhṛṣṭadyumna reported this to the Pāṇḍavas; Draupadī, tormented by grief for her sons and by the slaying of her father and brothers,
1.2.305
कृतानशनसंकल्पा यत्र भर्तृनुपाविशत् ।
द्रौपदीवचनाद्यत्र भीमो भीमपराक्रमः ॥ १.२.३०५ ॥
Where Draupadī, resolved to fast unto death, sat down beside her husbands; and there, at Draupadī's word, Bhīma of terrible prowess
1.2.306
प्रियं तस्याश्चिकीर्षन्वै गदामादाय वीर्यवान् ।
अन्वधावत्सुसंक्रुद्धो भारद्वाजं गुरोः सुतम् ॥ १.२.३०६ ॥
Desiring to do what was dear to her, the mighty Bhīma took up his mace and, greatly enraged, rushed after the son of Bhāradvāja, the son of the teacher.
1.2.307
भीमसेनभयाद्यत्र दैवेनाभिप्रचोदितः ।
अपाण्डवायेति रुषा द्रौणिरस्त्रमवासडदत् ॥ १.२.३०७ ॥
There, out of fear of Bhīmasena, driven on by fate, the son of Droṇa in anger loosed the weapon, saying, 'Let there be no Pāṇḍavas!'
1.2.308
मैवमित्यब्रवीत्कृष्णः शमयंस्तस्य तद्वचः ।
यत्रास्त्रमस्त्रेण च तच्छमयामास फाल्गुनः ॥ १.२.३०८ ॥
Saying, 'Not so!', Kṛṣṇa spoke, calming his words; and there Phālguna (Arjuna) with a weapon pacified that weapon.
1.2.309
द्रौणेश्च द्रोहबुद्धित्वं वीक्ष्य पापात्मनस्तदा ।
द्रौणिद्वैपायनादीनां शापाश्चान्योन्यकारिताः ॥ १.२.३०९ ॥
Seeing the treacherous intent of Droṇa's son, and the curses that Drauṇi, Dvaipāyana and others laid upon one another.
1.2.310
मणिं तथा समादाय द्रोणपुत्रान्महारथात् ।
पाण्डवाः प्रददुर्हृष्टा द्रौपद्यै जितकाशिनः ॥ १.२.३१० ॥
Taking the jewel from the great charioteer, Droṇa's son, the Pāṇḍavas, proud of their victory, joyfully gave it to Draupadī.
1.2.311
एतद्वै दशमं पर्व सौप्तिकं समुदाहृतम् ।
अष्टादशास्मिन्नद्यायाः पर्वम्युक्ता महात्मना ॥ १.२.३११ ॥
This tenth parva is declared to be the Sauptika; in it, composed by the great-souled one, there are eighteen chapters.
1.2.312
श्लोकानां कथितान्यत्र शतान्यष्टौ प्रसंख्यया ।
श्लोकाश्च सप्ततिः प्रोक्ता मुनिना ब्रह्मवादिना ॥ १.२.३१२ ॥
Here, by count, the sage who speaks of Brahman has declared eight hundred verses, and seventy verses.
1.2.313
सौप्तिकैषीकसंबन्धे पर्वण्युत्तमतेजसी ।
अत ऊर्ध्वमिदं प्राहुः स्त्रीपर्व करुणोदयम् ॥ १.२.३१३ ॥
In the parva connected with the Sauptika and Īṣīka, the most brilliant ones call what follows this the Strī Parva, arising from compassion.
1.2.314
पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तः प्रज्ञाचक्षुर्नराधिपः ।
कृष्णोपनीतां यत्रासावायसीं प्रतिमां दृढां ॥ १.२.३१४ ॥
Tormented by grief for his sons, the blind-in-sight lord of men, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, where stood the firm iron image brought by Kṛṣṇa.
1.2.315
भीमसेनद्रोहबुद्धिर्धृतराष्ट्रो बभञ्जह ।
तथा शोकाभितप्तस्य धृतराष्ट्रस्य धीमतः ॥ १.२.३१५ ॥
Dhṛtarāṣṭra, his mind bent on harming Bhīmasena, broke it; so too the wise Dhṛtarāṣṭra, tormented by grief.
1.2.316
संसारदहनं बुद्ध्या हेतुभिर्मोक्षदर्शनैः ।
विदुरेण च यत्रास्य राज्ञ आश्वासनं कृतम् ॥ १.२.३१६ ॥
There Vidura, through understanding, reasons and teachings on liberation, explained the burning of worldly existence and gave consolation to the king.
1.2.317
धृतराष्ट्रस्य चात्रैव कौरवायोधनं तथा ।
सान्तःपुरस्य गमनं शोकार्तस्य प्रकीर्तितम् ॥ १.२.३१७ ॥
Here too is recounted the going of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, together with the women's quarters, to the battlefield of the Kauravas, and the journey of him afflicted by grief.
1.2.318
विलापो वीरपत्नीनां यत्रातिकरुणः स्मृतः ।
क्रोधावेशः प्रमोहश्च गान्धारीधृतराष्ट्रयोः ॥ १.२.३१८ ॥
There the lament of the heroes' wives is recorded as most piteous, and the fit of anger and bewilderment of Gāndhārī and Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
1.2.319
यत्र तान्क्षत्रियाः शूरान्सङ्ग्रामेष्वनिवर्तिनः ।
पुत्रान्भ्रातृन्पितॄंश्चैव ददृशुर्निहतान्रणे ॥ १.२.३१९ ॥
Where the brave kṣatriyas, who never turned back in battles, saw their sons, brothers and fathers slain on the field.
1.2.320
पुत्रपौत्रवधार्तायास्तथात्रैव प्रकीर्तिता ।
गान्धार्याश्चापि कृष्णेन क्रोधोपशमनक्रिया ॥ १.२.३२० ॥
Here too is recounted Gāndhārī, distressed by the slaughter of her sons and grandsons, and the act by which Kṛṣṇa calmed her anger.
1.2.321
यत्र राजा महाप्राज्ञः सर्वधर्मभृतां वरः ।
राज्ञांतानि शरीराणि दाहयामास शास्त्रतः ॥ १.२.३२१ ॥
There the king of great wisdom, best of all upholders of dharma, had the bodies of the kings burned according to the scriptures.
1.2.322
तोयकर्मणि चारब्धे राज्ञामुदकदानिके ।
गूढोत्पन्नस्य चाख्यानं कर्णस्य पृथयात्मनः ॥ १.२.३२२ ॥
When the water-offering rite for the kings had begun, the tale of Karṇa, born in secret to Pṛthā, was also told.
1.2.323
सुतस्यैतदिह प्रोक्तं व्यासेन परमर्षिणा ।
एतदेकादशं पर्व शोकवैक्लव्यकारणम् ॥ १.२.३२३ ॥
Here this was told to the son by the supreme sage Vyāsa. This is the eleventh parva, the cause of grief and distress.
1.2.324
प्रणीतं सज्जनमनोवैक्लव्याश्रुप्रवर्तकम् ।
सप्तविंशतिरध्यायाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ १.२.३२४ ॥
Composed to bring distress and tears to the minds of good people, twenty-seven chapters are declared in this parva.
1.2.325
श्लोकसप्तशती चापि पञ्चसप्ततिसंयुता ।
संख्यया भारताख्यानमुक्तं व्यासेन धीमता ॥ १.२.३२५ ॥
The wise Vyāsa declared the Bhārata narrative in a count of seven hundred and seventy-five verses.
1.2.326
अतः परं शान्तिपर्व द्वादशं बुद्धिवर्धनम् ।
यत्र निर्वेदमापन्नो धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ १.२.३२६ ॥
After this comes the twelfth parva, the Śānti, which increases wisdom, where the king of dharma Yudhiṣṭhira fell into dejection.
1.2.327
घातयित्वा पितॄन्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्संबन्धिमातुलान् ।
शान्तिपर्वणि धर्माश्च व्याख्याताःशारतल्पिकाः ॥ १.२.३२७ ॥
After fathers, brothers, sons, relatives and maternal uncles had been slain, the duties were explained in the Śānti Parva, and the teachings of the one lying on the bed of arrows.
1.2.328
राजभिर्वेदितव्यास्ते सम्यग्ज्ञानबुभुत्सुभिः ।
आपद्धर्माश्च तत्रैव कालहेतुप्रदर्शिनः ॥ १.२.३२८ ॥
Kings who desire true knowledge should learn them; there too are the duties in distress, which show the causes of time.
1.2.329
यान्बुद्ध्वा पुरुषः सम्यक्सर्वज्ञत्वमवाप्नुयात् ।
मोक्षधर्माश्च कथिता विचित्रा बहुविस्तराः ॥ १.२.३२९ ॥
Knowing which, a person may fully attain omniscience; the teachings of liberation, varied and very extensive, have also been told.
1.2.330
द्वादशं पर्व निर्दिष्टमेतत्प्राज्ञजनप्रियम् ।
अत्र पर्वणि विज्ञेयमध्यायानां शतत्रयम् ॥ १.२.३३० ॥
This twelfth parva has been designated, dear to wise people; in this parva three hundred chapters are to be known.
1.2.331
विंशच्चैव तथाध्याया नव चैव तपोधाः ।
चतुर्दशसहस्राणि तथा सप्तशतानि च ॥ १.२.३३१ ॥
Twenty and nine chapters, O ascetic-wealthy ones; and fourteen thousand and seven hundred (verses) as well.
1.2.332
सप्तश्लोकास्तथैवात्र पञ्चविंशतिसंख्यया ।
अत ऊर्ध्वं च विज्ञेयमनुशासनमुत्तमम् ॥ १.२.३३२ ॥
Here too are seven verses, and the number twenty-five; after this, the excellent Anuśāsana parva is to be known.
1.2.333
यत्र प्रकृतिमापन्नः श्रुत्वा धर्मविनिश्चयम् ।
भीष्माद्भागीरथीपुत्रात्कुरुराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ १.२.३३३ ॥
Where the king of the Kurus, Yudhiṣṭhira, having heard the firm determination of dharma from Bhīṣma, son of Bhāgīrathī, attained composure.
1.2.334
व्यवहारोऽत्र कार्त्स्न्येन धर्मार्थीयः प्रकीर्तितः ।
विविधानां च दानानां फलयोगाः प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ १.२.३३४ ॥
Here the conduct concerning dharma and wealth is fully proclaimed, and the connections of various gifts with their fruits are declared.
1.2.335
तथा पात्रविशेषाश्च दानानां च परो विधिः ।
आचारविधियोगश्च सत्यस्य च परा गतिः ॥ १.२.३३५ ॥
Likewise, the special qualities of worthy recipients, the supreme rule of gifts, the union of conduct and rule, and the supreme goal of truth are declared.
1.2.336
महाभाग्यं गवां चैव ब्राह्मणानां तथैव च ।
रहस्यं चैव धर्माणां देशकालोपसंहितम् ॥ १.२.३३६ ॥
The great merit of cows and of brahmins, likewise the secret of the dharmas connected with place and time.
1.2.337
एतत्सुबहुवृत्तान्तमुत्तमं चानुशासनम् ।
भीष्मस्यात्रैव संप्राप्तिः स्वर्गस्य परिकीर्तिता ॥ १.२.३३७ ॥
This is the supreme instruction rich in many narratives; and here too the attainment of heaven by Bhīṣma is proclaimed.
1.2.338
एतत्त्रयोदशं पर्व धर्मनिश्चयकारकम् ।
अध्यायानां शतं त्वत्र षट्चत्वारिंशदेव तु ॥ १.२.३३८ ॥
This is the thirteenth parva, which brings about the determination of dharma; in it there are one hundred and forty-six chapters.
1.2.339
श्लोकानां तु सहस्राणि प्रोक्तान्यष्टौ प्रसंख्यया ।
ततोऽश्वमेधिकं नाम पर्व प्रोक्तं चतुर्दशम् ॥ १.२.३३९ ॥
The verses are said to number eight thousand. Then the fourteenth book, called the Aśvamedhika, is told.
1.2.340
तत्संवर्तमरुत्तीयं यत्राख्यानमनुत्तमम् ।
सुवर्णकोशसंप्राप्तिर्जन्म चोक्तं परीक्षितः ॥ १.२.३४० ॥
In it is the matchless tale of Saṃvarta and Marutta, the obtaining of the golden treasure, and the birth of Parīkṣit are told.
1.2.341
दग्धस्यास्त्राग्निना पूर्वं कृष्णात्संजीवनं पुनः ।
चर्यायां हयमुत्सृष्टं पाण्डवस्यानुगच्छतः ॥ १.२.३४१ ॥
Earlier, the one burned by the fire of weapons was brought back to life by Kṛṣṇa, and the horse released to follow the Pāṇḍava is described.
1.2.342
तत्र तत्र च युद्धानि राजपुत्रैरमर्षणैः ।
चित्राङ्गदायाः पुत्रेण स्वपुत्रेण धनंजयः ॥ १.२.३४२ ॥
Here and there battles took place with intolerant princes; Dhanaṃjaya fought with the son of Citrāṅgadā and with his own son.
1.2.343
सङ्ग्रामे बभ्रुवाहेन संशयं चात्र जग्मिवान् ।
सुदर्शनं तथाऽऽख्यानं वैष्णवं धर्ममेव च।
अश्वमेधे महायज्ञे नकुलाख्यानमेव च ॥ १.२.३४३ ॥
In battle with Babhruvāhana he fell into peril; here the tale of Sudarśana, the Vaiṣṇava dharma, and the tale of Nakula in the great sacrifice of the horse are also told.
1.2.344
इत्याश्वमेधिकं पर्व प्रोक्तमेतन्महाद्भुतम् ।
अध्यायानां शतं चैव त्रयोऽध्यायाश्च कीर्तिताः ॥ १.२.३४४ ॥
Thus has this most wondrous Aśvamedhika book been told; a hundred and three chapters have been recited.
1.2.345
त्रीणि श्लोकसहस्राणि तावन्त्येव शतानि च ।
विंशतिश्च तथा श्लोकाः संख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना ॥ १.२.३४५ ॥
The seers of truth have counted three thousand verses, and as many hundreds, and also twenty verses.
1.2.346
ततस्त्वाश्रमवासाख्यं पर्व पञ्चदशं स्मृतम् ।
यत्र राज्यं समुत्सृज्य गान्धार्या सहितो नृपः ॥ १.२.३४६ ॥
Then the fifteenth book, called the Āśramavāsa, is remembered, where the king, having abandoned the kingdom, went together with Gāndhārī.
1.2.347
धृतराष्ट्रोश्रमपदं विदुरश्च जगाम ह ।
यं दृष्ट्वा प्रस्थितं साध्वी पृथाप्यनुययौ तदा ॥ १.२.३४७ ॥
Dhṛtarāṣṭra went to the hermitage, and Vidura went too. Seeing them depart, the virtuous Pṛthā (Kuntī) also then followed them.
1.2.348
पुत्रराज्यं परित्यज्य गुरुशुश्रूषणे रता ।
यत्र राजा हतान्पुत्रान्पौत्रानन्यांश्च पार्थिवान् ॥ १.२.३४८ ॥
Having abandoned the kingdom of her sons, devoted to serving her elders, where the king remembered the slain sons, grandsons and the other kings.
1.2.349
लाकान्तरगतान्वीरानपश्यत्पुनरागतान् ।
ऋषेः प्रसादात्कृष्णस्य दृष्ट्वाश्चर्यमनुत्तमम् ॥ १.२.३४९ ॥
By the grace of the sage and the favour of Kṛṣṇa, seeing the heroes who had gone to other worlds return again, she beheld an unsurpassed wonder.
1.2.350
त्यक्त्वा शोकं सदारश्च सिद्धिं परमिकां गतः ।
यत्र धर्मं समाश्रित्य विदुरः सुगतिं गतः ॥ १.२.३५० ॥
Having abandoned grief, he attained the supreme perfection along with his wives; there Vidura, taking refuge in dharma, attained a good destination.
1.2.351
संजयश्च सहामात्यो विद्वान्गावल्गणिर्वशी ।
ददर्श नारदं यत्र धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ १.२.३५१ ॥
Sañjaya, son of Gavalgaṇa, learned and self-controlled, together with his ministers, saw Nārada there where King Yudhiṣṭhira of dharma was.
1.2.352
नारदाच्चैव शुश्राव वृष्णीनां कदनं महत् ।
एतदाश्रमवासाख्यं पर्वोक्तं महदद्भुतम् ॥ १.२.३५२ ॥
And from Nārada he heard of the great slaughter of the Vṛṣṇis. This parva, called 'Dwelling in the Hermitage,' is said to be most wondrous.
1.2.353
द्विचत्वारिंशदध्यायाः पर्वैतदभिसङ्ख्यया ।
सहस्रमेकं श्लोकानां पञ्चश्लोकशतानि च ॥ १.२.३५३ ॥
This parva has forty-two chapters, and by count it has one thousand five hundred verses.
1.2.354
षडेव च तथा श्लोकाः संख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना ।
अतः परं निबोधेदं मौसलं पर्व दारुणम् ॥ १.२.३५४ ॥
The seer of truth likewise counted six verses. Now understand, after this, the dreadful Mausala parva.
1.2.355
यत्र ते पुरुषव्याघ्राः शस्त्रस्पर्शहता युधि ।
ब्रह्मदण्डविनिष्पिष्टाः समीपे लवणाम्भसः ॥ १.२.३५५ ॥
There those tigers among men, struck down by the touch of weapons in battle and crushed by the rod of Brahman, near the salt waters.
1.2.356
आपाने पानकलिता दैवेनाभिप्रचोदिताः ।
एरकारूपिभिर्वज्रैर्निजघ्नुरितरेतरम् ॥ १.२.३५६ ॥
Engaged in drinking at the drinking place, driven on by fate, they struck one another down with thunderbolts in the form of reeds.
1.2.357
यत्र सर्वक्षयं कृत्वा तावुभौ रामकेशवौ ।
नातिचक्रामतुः कालं प्राप्तं सर्वहरं महत् ॥ १.२.३५७ ॥
There, having brought about the destruction of all, the two, Rāma and Keśava, did not transgress the great time that had come, which takes away everything.
1.2.358
यत्रार्जुनो द्वारवतीमेत्य वृष्णिविनाकृताम् ।
दृष्ट्वा विपादमगमत्परां चार्तिं नरर्षभः ॥ १.२.३५८ ॥
There Arjuna, the bull among men, having come to Dvāravatī and seen it bereft of the Vṛṣṇis, fell into deep despair and great anguish.
1.2.359
स संस्कृत्य नरश्रेष्ठं मातुलं शौरिमात्मनः ।
ददर्श यदुवीराणामापाने वैशसं महत् ॥ १.२.३५९ ॥
Having performed the rites for the best of men, his maternal uncle Śauri (Kṛṣṇa), he saw the great slaughter of the heroes of the Yadus at the drinking place.
1.2.360
शरीरं वासुदेवस्य रामस्य च महात्मनः ।
संस्कारं लम्भयामास वृष्णीनां च प्रधानतः ॥ १.२.३६० ॥
He had the funeral rites performed for the body of Vāsudeva and of the great-souled Rāma, and chiefly for the bodies of the Vṛṣṇis.
1.2.361
सवृद्धबालमादाय द्वारवत्यास्ततो जनम् ।
ददर्शापदि कष्टायां गाण्डीवस्य पराभवम् ॥ १.२.३६१ ॥
Then, taking the people of Dvāravatī along with the old and the children, he saw in the painful calamity the defeat of the Gāṇḍīva.
1.2.362
सर्वेषां चैव दिव्यानामस्त्राणामप्रसन्नताम् ।
नाशं वृष्णिकलत्राणां प्रभावानामनित्यताम् ॥ १.२.३६२ ॥
And he saw the displeasure of all the divine weapons, the destruction of the wives of the Vṛṣṇis, and the impermanence of their powers.
1.2.363
दृष्ट्वा निर्वेदमापन्नो व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः ।
धर्मराजं समासाद्य संन्यासं समरोचयत् ॥ १.२.३६३ ॥
Seeing this, overcome with dispassion and impelled by the words of Vyāsa, he approached the king of dharma and resolved upon renunciation.
1.2.364
इत्येतन्मौसलं पर्व षोडशं परिकीर्तितम् ।
अध्यायाष्टौ समाख्याताः श्लोकानां च शतत्रयम् ॥ १.२.३६४ ॥
Thus the sixteenth book, the Mausala Parva, has been declared; it is said to contain eight chapters and three hundred verses.
1.2.365
श्लोकानां विंशतिश्चव संख्याता तत्त्वदर्शिना ।
महाप्रस्थानिकं तस्मादूर्ध्वं सप्तदशं स्मृतम् ॥ १.२.३६५ ॥
The seer of truth has counted the verses as twenty; after that, the seventeenth book, the Mahāprasthānika, is remembered.
1.2.366
यत्र राज्यं परित्यज्य पाण्डवाः पुरुषर्षभाः ।
द्रौपद्या सहिता देव्या महाप्रस्थानमास्थिताः ॥ १.२.३६६ ॥
Where the Pāṇḍavas, bulls among men, gave up the kingdom and set out on the great journey together with Draupadī, the queen.
1.2.367
यत्र तेऽग्निं ददृशिरे लौहित्यं प्राप्य सागरम् ।
यत्राग्निना चोदितश्च पार्थस्तस्मै महात्मने ॥ १.२.३६७ ॥
Where, having reached the Lauhitya sea, they saw Agni; and where, impelled by Agni, Pārtha (to that great-souled one)…
1.2.368
ददौ संपूज्य तद्दिव्यं गाण्डीवं धनुरुत्तमम् ।
यत्र भ्रातृन्निपतितान्द्रौपदीं च युधिष्ठिरः ॥ १.२.३६८ ॥
Having honored him, he gave that divine, best of bows, the Gāṇḍīva; and where his brothers and Draupadī had fallen, Yudhiṣṭhira…
1.2.369
दृष्ट्वा हित्वा जगामैव सर्वाननवलोकयन् ।
एतत्सप्तदशं पर्व महाप्रस्थानिकं स्मृतम् ॥ १.२.३६९ ॥
Seeing them all, leaving them all behind, he went on without looking back. This seventeenth book is remembered as the Mahāprasthānika Parva.
1.2.370
यत्राध्यायास्त्रयः प्रोक्ताः श्लोकानां च शतत्रयम् ।
विंशतिश्च तथा श्लोकाः संख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना ॥ १.२.३७० ॥
In it three chapters are declared, and three hundred and twenty verses are counted, so said the seer of truth.
1.2.371
स्वर्गपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं दिव्यं यत्तदमानुषम् ।
प्राप्तं दैवरथं स्वर्गान्नेष्टवान्यत्र धर्मराट् ॥ १.२.३७१ ॥
Then the Svarga Parva is to be known, which is divine and superhuman. There Dharma's king obtained the divine chariot come from heaven, yet did not desire it.
1.2.372
आरोदुं सुमहाप्राज्ञ आनृशंस्याच्छुना विना ।
तामस्याविचलां ज्ञात्वा स्थितिं धर्मे महात्मनः ॥ १.२.३७२ ॥
The very wise one, out of compassion, would not ascend without the dog. Knowing the unshaken steadfastness of that great-souled one in dharma, (it came to pass).
1.2.373
श्वरूपं यत्र तत्त्यक्त्वा धर्मेणासौ समन्वितः ।
स्वर्गं प्राप्तःसच तथा यातनाविपुला भृशम् ॥ १.२.३७३ ॥
There, having abandoned the form of a dog, endowed with dharma, he attained heaven; and there were also vast and very great torments for him.
1.2.374
देवदूतेन नरकं यत्र व्याजेन दर्शितम् ।
शुश्राव यत्र धर्मात्मा भ्रातॄणां करुणागिरः ॥ १.२.३७४ ॥
Where a divine messenger, under a pretext, showed him hell; and there the dharma-souled one heard the piteous cries of his brothers.
1.2.375
निदेशे वर्तमानानां देशे तत्रैव वर्तताम् ।
अनुदर्शितश्च धर्मेण देवराज्ञा च पाण्डवः ॥ १.२.३७५ ॥
While he dwelt in that same place with those who were under command, Pāṇḍava was shown by Dharma and by Indra, king of the gods.
1.2.376
आप्लुत्याकाशगङ्गायां देहं त्यक्त्वा स मानुषम् ।
स्वधर्मनिर्जितं स्थानं स्वर्गे प्राप्य स धर्मराट् ॥ १.२.३७६ ॥
Having bathed in the celestial Gaṅgā and cast off his mortal body, the king of dharma attained in heaven the abode won by his own dharma.
1.2.377
मुमुदे पूजितः सर्वैः सेन्द्रैः सुरगणैः सह ।
एतदष्टादशं पर्व प्रोक्तं व्यासेन धीमता ॥ १.२.३७७ ॥
Honoured by all the hosts of gods together with Indra, he rejoiced. This eighteenth book was declared by Vyāsa, the wise one.
1.2.378
अध्यायाः पञ्च संख्याताः पर्वम्यस्मिन्महात्मना ।
श्लोकानां द्वे शते चैव प्रसंख्याते तपोधाः ॥ १.२.३७८ ॥
In this book the great-souled one counted five chapters, and, O ascetics, two hundred verses were enumerated.
1.2.379
नव श्लोकास्तथैवान्ये संख्याताः परमर्षिणा ।
अष्टादशैवमेतानि पर्वाण्येतान्यशेषतः ॥ १.२.३७९ ॥
Nine verses, and others likewise, were counted by the supreme sage. Thus these eighteen books are complete in full.
1.2.380
खिलेषु हरिवंशश्च भविष्यं च प्रकीर्तितम् ।
दश श्लोकसहस्राणि विंशच्छ्लोकशतानि च ॥ १.२.३८० ॥
In the supplements the Harivaṃśa and the Bhaviṣya are also proclaimed: ten thousand verses and two hundred verses.
1.2.381
खिलेषु हरिवंशे च संख्यातानि महर्षिणा ।
एतत्सर्वं समाख्यातं भारते पर्वसंग्रहः ॥ १.२.३८१ ॥
All that the great sage enumerated in the supplements and in the Harivaṃśa has been fully told here as the summary of the books of the Bhārata.
1.2.382
अष्टादश समाजग्मुरक्षौहिण्यो ययुत्सया ।
तन्महादारुणं युद्धमहान्यष्टादशाभवत् ॥ १.२.३८२ ॥
Eighteen akṣauhiṇī armies assembled, eager to fight, and that most dreadful battle lasted eighteen days.
1.2.383
यो विद्याच्चतुरो वेदान्साङ्गोपनिषदो द्विजः ।
न चाख्यानमिदं विद्यान्नैव स स्याद्विचक्षणः ॥ १.२.३८३ ॥
A brahmin who knows the four Vedas with their limbs and Upaniṣads, but does not know this narrative, would not be truly discerning.
1.2.384
अर्थशास्त्रमिदं प्रोक्तं धर्मशास्त्रमिदं महत् ।
कामशास्त्रमिदं प्रोक्तं व्यासेनामितबुद्धिना ॥ १.२.३८४ ॥
This is declared to be the science of statecraft, this is the great science of dharma, and this is declared to be the science of desire, by Vyāsa of boundless intellect.
1.2.385
श्रुत्वा त्विदमुपाख्यानं श्राव्यमन्यन्न रोचते ।
पुंस्कोकिलगिरं श्रुत्वा रूक्षा ध्वाङ्क्षस्य वागिव ॥ १.२.३८५ ॥
Having heard this narrative, nothing else fit to be heard pleases one—as, having heard the voice of the male cuckoo, the harsh cry of the crow is no longer agreeable.
1.2.386
इतिहासोत्तमादस्माञ्जायन्ते कविबुद्धयः ।
पञ्चभ्य इव् भूतेभ्यो लोकसंविधयस्त्रयः ॥ १.२.३८६ ॥
From this best of histories the intellects of poets are born, just as the three worlds' arrangements arise from the five elements.
1.2.387
अस्याख्यानस्य विषये पुराणं वर्तते द्विजाः ।
अन्तरिक्षस्य विषये प्रजा इव चतुर्विधाः ॥ १.२.३८७ ॥
O twice-born ones, in the subject of this narrative there is the ancient lore, just as there are four kinds of creatures in the realm of the sky.
1.2.388
क्रियागुणानां सर्वेषामिदमाख्यानमाश्रयः ।
इन्द्रियाणां समस्तानां चित्रा इव मनः क्रियाः ॥ १.२.३८८ ॥
This narrative is the support of all actions and qualities, just as the varied activities of the mind are the support of all the senses.
1.2.389
अनाश्रित्यैतदाख्यानं कथा भुवि न विद्यते ।
आहारमनपाश्रित्य शरीरस्येव धारणम् ॥ १.२.३८९ ॥
Without relying on this narrative, no story is found on earth, just as the body cannot be sustained without relying on food.
1.2.390
इदं कविवरैः सर्वैराख्यानमुपजीव्यते ।
उदयप्रेप्सुभिर्भृत्यैरभिजात इवेश्वरः ॥ १.२.३९० ॥
All the best poets draw upon this narrative, just as servants who desire advancement rely upon a well-born lord.
1.2.391
अस्य काव्यस्य कवयो न समर्था विशेषणे ।
साधोरिव गृहस्थस्य शेषास्त्रय इवाश्रमाः ॥ १.२.३९१ ॥
Poets are not able to describe this poem in its particulars, just as a righteous householder cannot describe in detail the remaining three stages of life.
1.2.392
धर्मे मतिर्भवतु वः सततोत्थितानां ।
स ह्येक एव परलोकगतस्य बन्धुः।
अर्थाः स्त्रियश्च निपुणैरपि सेव्यमाना ।
नैवाप्तभावमुपयान्ति न च स्थिरत्वम् ॥ १.२.३९२ ॥
May your mind always be set on dharma, you who are ever risen up to act. For he alone is the kinsman of one who has gone to the other world. Wealth and women, though served even by the skilled, attain neither the nature of a trusted friend nor steadiness.
1.2.393
द्वैपायनौष्ठपुटनिःसृतमप्रमेयं ।
पुण्यं पवित्रमथ पापहरं शिवं च।
यो भारतं समधिगच्छति वाच्यमानं ।
किं तस्य पुष्करजलैरभिषेचनेन ॥ १.२.३९३ ॥
Issued from the lip-cavity of Dvaipāyana, this immeasurable, meritorious, pure, sin-removing and auspicious (work) — what need has he who hears the Bhārata recited of ablution with the waters of Puṣkara?
1.2.394
यदह्ना कुरुते पाप ब्राह्मणस्त्विन्द्रियैश्चरन् ।
महाभारतमाख्याय सन्ध्यां मुच्यति पश्चिमाम् ॥ १.२.३९४ ॥
Whatever sin a brahmin commits by day, roaming about through his senses, he is freed from it at evening twilight after reciting the Mahābhārata.
1.2.395
यद्रात्रौ कुरुते पापं कर्मणा मनसा गिरा ।
महाभारतमाख्याय पूर्वां सन्ध्यां प्रमुच्यते ॥ १.२.३९५ ॥
Whatever sin is committed by night in deed, mind or speech, he is fully freed from it at dawn twilight after reciting the Mahābhārata.
1.2.396
यो गोशतं कनकशृङ्गमयं ददाति ।
विप्राय वेदविदुषे च बहुश्रुताय।
पुण्यां च भारतकथां शृणुयाच्च नित्यं ।
तुल्यं फलं भवति तस्य च तस्य चैव ॥ १.२.३९६ ॥
He who gives a hundred cows with golden horns to a brahmin learned in the Vedas and very learned, and he who constantly hears the meritorious story of the Bhārata — the fruit of these two is equal.
1.2.397
आख्यानं तदिदमनुत्तमं महार्थं ।
विज्ञेयं महदिह पर्वसंग्रहेण।
श्रुत्वादौ भवति नृणां सुखावगाहं ।
विस्तीर्णं लवणजलं यथा प्लवेन ॥ १.२.३९७ ॥
This narrative is supreme and of great meaning; its greatness is to be known here through the summary of the parvans. Having heard it at the outset, it becomes easy for men to enter, as a vast salt ocean is crossed by a raft.