Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.3

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1.3.1

सौतिरुवाच ।
जनमेजयः पारिक्षितः सह भ्रातृभिः कुरुक्षेत्रे दीर्घसत्रमुपास्ते।
तस्य भ्रातरस्त्रयः श्रुतसेन उग्रसेनो भीमसेन इति ।
तेषु तत्सत्रमुपासीनेष्वभ्यागच्छत्सारमेयः ॥ १.३.१ ॥

Sauti said: Janamejaya, son of Parikṣit, was performing a long sacrificial session at Kurukṣetra together with his brothers. He had three brothers: Śrutasena, Ugrasena and Bhīmasena. While they were engaged in that sacrifice, a dog came near.

1.3.2

जनमेजयस्य भ्रातृभिरभिहतो रोरूयमाणो मातुः समीपमुपागच्छत् ॥ १.३.२ ॥

Struck by Janamejaya's brothers, it went wailing to its mother's side.

1.3.3

तं माता रोरूयमाणमुवाच ।
किं रोदिषि केनास्यभिहत इति ॥ १.३.३ ॥

His mother said to him as he wept: "Why are you crying? Who has struck you?"

1.3.4

स एवमुक्तो मातरं प्रत्युवाच जनमेजयस्य भ्रातृभिरभिहतोऽस्मीति ॥ १.३.४ ॥

Thus addressed, he answered his mother: "I have been struck by Janamejaya's brothers."

1.3.5

तं माता प्रत्युवाच व्यक्तं त्वया तत्रापराद्धं येनास्यभिहत इति ॥ १.३.५ ॥

His mother replied to him: "Clearly you committed some offence there, for which you were struck."

1.3.6

स तां पुनरुवाच नापराध्यामि किंचिन्नावेक्षे हवींषि नावलिह इति ॥ १.३.६ ॥

Again he said to her: "I have committed no offence. I did not look at the oblations, nor did I lick them."

1.3.7

तच्छ्रुत्वा तस्य माता सरमा पुत्रदुःखार्ता तत्सत्रमुपागच्छद्यत्र स जनमेजयः सह भ्रातृभिर्दीर्घसत्रमुपास्ते ॥ १.३.७ ॥

Hearing this, his mother Saramā, afflicted with grief for her son, went to that sacrificial session where Janamejaya was engaged in the long sacrifice together with his brothers.

1.3.8

स तया क्रुद्धया तत्रोक्तोऽयं मे पुत्रो न किंचिदपराध्यति नावेक्षते हवींषि नावलेढि किमर्थमभिहत इति ॥ १.३.८ ॥

Then she, angered, spoke there: 'This son of mine offends in nothing; he does not look at the oblations, nor lick them. Why was he struck?'

1.3.9

न किंचिदुक्तवन्तस्ते सा तानुवाच यस्मादयमभिहतोऽनपकारी तस्माददृष्टं त्वां भयमागमिष्यतीति ॥ १.३.९ ॥

They said nothing. Then she spoke to them: 'Because this innocent one was struck, an unseen fear will come upon you.'

1.3.10

जनमेजय एवमुक्तो देवशुन्या सरमया भृशं संभ्रान्तो विषण्णश्चासीत् ॥ १.३.१० ॥

Thus addressed by the divine bitch Saramā, Janamejaya became greatly agitated and dejected.

1.3.11

स तस्मिन्सत्रे समाप्ते हास्तिनपुरं प्रत्येत्य पुरोहितमनुरूपमन्विच्छमानः परं यत्नमकरोद्यो मे पापकृत्यां शमयेदिति ॥ १.३.११ ॥

When that session was over, he returned to Hāstinapura and made great effort to find a suitable priest who could pacify this sinful deed of mine.

1.3.12

स कदाचिन्मृगयां गतः पारिक्षितो जनमेजयः कस्मिंश्चित्स्वविषय आश्रममपश्यत् ॥ १.३.१२ ॥

Once Janamejaya, son of Parikṣit, went out hunting, and in some place within his own realm he saw a hermitage.

1.3.13

तत्र कश्चिदृपिरासाञ्चक्रे श्रुतश्रवा नाम ।
तस्य तपस्यभिरतः पुत्र आस्ते सोमश्रवा नाम ॥ १.३.१३ ॥

There a certain sage named Śrutaśravas had established a hermitage. His son, named Somaśravas, is devoted to asceticism.

1.3.14

तस्य तं पुत्रमभिगम्य जनमेजयः पारिक्षितः पौरोहित्याय वव्रे ॥ १.३.१४ ॥

Janamejaya, son of Parikṣit, approached that son of his and chose him for the office of chaplain.

1.3.15

स नमस्कृत्य तमृषिमुवाच भगवन्नयं तव पुत्रो मम पुरोहितोऽस्त्विति ॥ १.३.१५ ॥

Bowing to that sage, he said, "Revered sir, let this son of yours be my chaplain."

1.3.16

स एवमुक्तः प्रत्युवाच जनमेजयं भो जनमेजय पुत्रोऽयं मम सर्प्यां जातो महातपस्वी स्वाध्यायसंपन्नो मत्तपोवीर्यसंभृतो मच्छुक्रं पीतवत्यास्तस्याः कुक्षौ जातः ॥ १.३.१६ ॥

Thus addressed, he replied to Janamejaya: "O Janamejaya, this son of mine was born of a female serpent. He is of great asceticism, endowed with the study of the Veda, produced from the power of my austerity. He was born in the womb of that female who drank my semen."

1.3.17

समर्थोऽयं भवतः सर्वाः पापकृत्याः शमयितुमन्तरेण महादेवकृत्याम् ॥ १.३.१७ ॥

He is capable of pacifying all your evil deeds, even without the rite of Mahādeva.

1.3.18

अस्य त्वेकमुपांशुव्रतं यदेनं कश्चिद्ब्राह्मणः कंचिदर्थमभियाचेत्तं तस्मै दद्यादयं यद्येतदुत्सहसे ततो नयस्वैनमिति ॥ १.३.१८ ॥

But he has one secret vow: if any brahmin should ask him for some thing, he is to give it to him. If you are willing to accept this, then take him with you.

1.3.19

तेनैवमुक्तो जनमेजयस्तं प्रत्युवाच भगवंस्तत्तथा भविष्यतीति ॥ १.३.१९ ॥

Thus addressed, Janamejaya replied to him: "Revered sir, so it shall be."

1.3.20

स तं पुरोहितमुपादायोपावृत्तो भ्रातृनुवाच मयाऽयं वृत उपाध्यायो यदयं ब्रूयात्तत्कार्यमविचारयद्भिर्भवद्भिरिति ।
तेनैवमुक्ता भ्रातरस्तस्य तथा चक्रुः।
स तथा भ्रातॄन्संदिश्य तक्षशिलां प्रत्यभिप्रतस्थे तं च देशं वशे स्थापयामास ॥ १.३.२० ॥

Bringing that priest back with him, he said to his brothers: "I have chosen him as my teacher; whatever he tells you, you must do without deliberation." Thus addressed by him, the brothers did so. Having thus instructed his brothers, he set out toward Takṣaśilā and established that land under his control.

1.3.21

एतस्मिन्नन्तरे कश्चिदृषिर्धौम्यो नामापोदस्तस्य शिष्यास्त्रयो बभूवुः ॥ १.३.२१ ॥

Meanwhile there was a sage named Dhaumya, also called Āpoda, and he had three disciples.

1.3.22

उपमन्युरारुणिर्बैदश्चेति स एकं शिष्यंमारुणिं पाञ्चाल्यं प्रेषयामास गच्छ केदारखण्डं बधानेति ॥ १.३.२२ ॥

Upamanyu, Āruṇi and Baida were they. He sent one disciple, Āruṇi of the Pañcālas, saying: "Go, repair the field's embankment."

1.3.23

स उपाध्यायेन संदिष्ट आरुणिः पाञ्चाल्यस्तत्र गत्वा तत्केदारखण्डं बद्धुं नाशकत् ।
स क्लिश्यमानोऽपश्यदुपायं भवत्वेवं करिष्यामीति ॥ १.३.२३ ॥

Commanded by his teacher, Āruṇi of the Pañcālas went there but could not bind the field's embankment. Distressed, he saw a means and thought: "So be it; I will do it so."

1.3.24

स तत्र संविवेश केदारखण्डे शयाने व तथा तस्मिंस्तदुदकं तस्थौ ॥ १.३.२४ ॥

He lay down there in that plot of the field, and so the water in it stayed put.

1.3.25

ततः कदाचिदुपाध्याय आपोदो धौम्यः शिष्यावपृच्छत् क्व आरुणिः पाञ्चाल्यो गत इति ॥ १.३.२५ ॥

Then at one time Dhaumya, the teacher, son of Āpoda, asked his two disciples, "Where has Āruṇi the Pāñcāla gone?"

1.3.26

तौ तं प्रत्यूचतुर्भगवंस्त्वयैव प्रेषितो गच्छ केदारखण्डं बधानेति ।
स एवमुक्तस्तौ शिष्यौ प्रत्युवाच तस्मात्तत्र सर्वे गच्छामो यत्र स गत इति ॥ १.३.२६ ॥

The two replied to him, "Venerable sir, it was you who sent him, saying, 'Go and mend the plot of the field.'" Thus addressed, he said to the two disciples, "Then let us all go to where he has gone."

1.3.27

स तत्र गत्वा तस्याह्वानाय शब्दं चकारः ।
भो आरुणे पाञ्चाल्य क्वासि वत्सैहीति ॥ १.३.२७ ॥

Going there, he called out to summon him: "O Āruṇi the Pāñcāla, where are you? Come here, my child!"

1.3.28

स तच्छ्रुत्वा आरुणिरुपाध्यायवाक्यं तस्मात्केदारखण्डात्सहसोत्थायतमुपाध्यायमुपतस्थे ॥ १.३.२८ ॥

Āruṇi heard the teacher's words, and at once rose up from that plot of field and came and stood before his teacher.

1.3.29

प्रोवाच चैनमयमस्म्यत्र केदारखण्डे निःसरमाणमुदकमवारणीयं संरोद्धुं संविष्टो भगवच्छब्दं श्रुत्वैव सहसा विदार्य केदारखण्डं भवन्तमुपस्थितः ।
तदभिवादये भगवन्तमाज्ञापयतु भवान्कमर्थं करवाणीति ॥ १.३.२९ ॥

He said to him: "I am here, lying in the field's embankment to stop the water that cannot be restrained from flowing out. Hearing the venerable one's words, I at once split the embankment and came before you. Therefore, venerable one, I greet you; command me, what task shall I do?"

1.3.31

स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच यस्माद्भवान्केदारखण्डं विदार्योत्थितस्तस्मादुद्दालक एवनाम्ना भवान्भविष्यतीत्युपाध्यायेनानुगृहीतः ॥ १.३.३१ ॥

Thus addressed, the teacher replied: "Because you rose up after splitting the embankment of the field, your name shall indeed be Uddālaka." Thus favoured by the teacher...

1.3.32

यस्माच्च त्वया मद्वचनमनुष्ठितं तस्माच्छ्रेयोऽवाप्स्यसि ।
सर्वे च ते वेदाः प्रतिभास्यन्ति सर्वाणि च धर्मशास्त्राणीति ॥ १.३.३२ ॥

And because you have carried out my words, you shall obtain good fortune. All the Vedas and all the treatises on dharma shall shine forth for you.

1.3.33

स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायेनेष्टं देशं जगाम ॥ १.३.३३ ॥

Thus addressed by the teacher, he went to the country he desired.

1.3.34

अथापरः शिष्यस्तस्यैवापोदस्य धौम्यस्योपमन्युर्नाम ।
तं चोपाध्यायः प्रेषयामास वत्सोपमन्यो गा रक्षस्वेति ॥ १.३.३४ ॥

Then there was another disciple of that same Āpoda Dhaumya, named Upamanyu. The teacher sent him: "Dear Upamanyu, guard the cows."

1.3.35

स उपाध्यायवचनादरक्षद्गाः स चाहनि गा रक्षित्वा दिवसक्षये गुरुगृहमागम्योपाध्यायस्याग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥ १.३.३५ ॥

By the teacher's command he guarded the cows; and having guarded them by day, at the close of day he came to the teacher's house, stood before the teacher, and bowed.

1.3.36

तमुपाध्यायः पीवानमपश्यदुवाच चैनं वत्सोपमन्यो केन वृत्तिं कल्पयसि पीवानसि दृढमिति ॥ १.३.३६ ॥

The teacher saw him, sturdy and plump, and said to him: 'Dear Upamanyu, how do you provide your livelihood? You are very plump.'

1.3.37

स उपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच भो भैक्ष्येण वृत्तिं कल्पयामीति तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच ॥ १.३.३७ ॥

He replied to the teacher: 'Sir, I provide for myself by begging alms.' Then the teacher answered him.

1.3.38

मय्यनिवेद्य भैक्ष्यं नोपयोक्तव्यमिति ।
स तथेत्युक्तो भैक्ष्यं चरित्वोपाध्यायाय न्यवेदयत् ॥ १.३.३८ ॥

'Without offering it to me, you must not eat alms-food.' He said, 'So be it,' and having gone begging, he reported it to the teacher.

1.3.39

स तस्मादुपाध्यायः सर्वमेव भैक्ष्यमगृह्णात् ।
स तथेत्युक्तः पुनररक्षद्गा अहनि रक्षित्वा निशामुखे गुरुकुलमागम्य गुरोरग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥ १.३.३९ ॥

Then the teacher took from him all the alms-food. Told, 'So be it,' he again guarded the cows; having guarded them by day, at nightfall he came to the teacher's household, stood before the teacher, and bowed.

1.3.40

तमुपाध्यायस्तथापि पीवानमेव दृष्ट्वोवाच ।
वत्सोपमन्यो सर्वमशेषतस्ते भैक्ष्यं गृह्णामि केनेदानीं वृत्तिं कल्पयसीति ॥ १.३.४० ॥

Seeing him still plump and well-fed, the teacher said to him: "Dear Upamanyu, I take all your alms entirely; by what means do you now provide your livelihood?"

1.3.41

स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच ।
भगवते निवेद्य पूर्वमपरं चरामि तेन वृत्तिं कल्पयामीति तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच ॥ १.३.४१ ॥

Thus addressed, he replied to the teacher: "Having first offered to the revered one, I beg for the rest and by that I provide my livelihood." Then the teacher spoke to him.

1.3.42

नैषा न्याय्या गुरुवृत्तिरन्येषामपि भैक्ष्योपजीविनां वृत्त्युपरोधं करोषि इत्येवं वर्तमानो लुब्धोऽसीति ॥ १.३.४२ ॥

This is not a proper conduct toward a teacher; you obstruct the livelihood of others too who live on alms. Behaving thus, you are greedy.

1.3.43

स तथेत्युक्त्वा गा अरक्षद्रक्षित्वा च पुनरुपाध्यायगृहमागम्योपाध्यायस्याग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥ १.३.४३ ॥

Saying "So be it," he guarded the cows, and having guarded them, he came again to the teacher's house, stood before the teacher and bowed.

1.3.44

तमुपाध्यायस्तथापि पीवानमेव दृष्ट्वा पुनरुवाच ।
वत्सोपमन्यो अहं ते सर्वं भैक्ष्यं गृह्णामि न चान्यच्चरसि पीवानसि भृशं केन वृत्तिं कल्पयसीति ॥ १.३.४४ ॥

Seeing him still very plump, the teacher spoke again: "Dear Upamanyu, I take all your alms; you beg for nothing else, yet you are very plump; by what means do you provide your livelihood?"

1.3.45

स एवमुक्तस्तमुपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच ।
भो एतासां गवां पयसा वृत्तिं कल्पयामीति।
तमुवाचोपाध्यायो नैतन्न्याय्यं पय उपयोक्तुं भवतो मया नाभ्यनुज्ञातमिति ॥ १.३.४५ ॥

Thus addressed, he replied to the teacher, "Sir, I will support myself with the milk of these cows." The teacher said to him, "It is not right for you to drink the milk; I have not permitted it."

1.3.46

स तथेति प्रतिज्ञाय गा रक्षित्वा पुनरुपाध्यायगृहमेत्य गुरोरग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥ १.३.४६ ॥

Having promised, "So be it," he guarded the cows, then returned to the teacher's house, stood before the teacher, and bowed in homage.

1.3.47

तमुपाध्यायः पीवानमेव दृष्ट्वोवाच ।
वत्सोपमन्यो भैक्ष्यं नाश्नासि न चान्यच्चरसि पयो न पिबसि पीवानसि भृशं केनेदानीं वृत्तिं कल्पयसीति ॥ १.३.४७ ॥

Seeing him so plump, the teacher said, "Dear Upamanyu, you do not eat the alms-food, nor take anything else, nor do you drink milk, yet you have grown very plump. By what do you now sustain yourself?"

1.3.48

स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच ।
भोः फेनं पिबापि यमिमे वत्सा मातॄणां स्तनात्पिबन्त उद्गिरन्ति ॥ १.३.४८ ॥

Thus addressed, he replied to the teacher, "Sir, drink the foam which these calves spit out after sucking from their mothers' teats."

1.3.49

तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच ।
एते त्वदनुकम्पया गुणवन्तो वत्साः प्रभूततरं फेनमुद्गिरन्ति।
तदेषामपि वत्सानां वृत्त्युपरोधं करोष्येवं वर्तमानः ।
फेनमपि भवान्न पातुमर्हतीति स तथेति प्रतिश्रुत्य निराहारः पुनररक्षद्गाः ॥ १.३.४९ ॥

The teacher answered him: 'Through your compassion, these virtuous calves are vomiting out a great deal of foam. Therefore you are also obstructing the calves' sustenance, behaving in this way. You ought not drink even the foam.' Having promised, 'So be it,' and fasting, he again guarded the cows.

1.3.50

तथा प्रतिषिद्धो भैक्ष्यं नाश्नाति न चान्यच्चरति पयो न पिबति फेनं नोपयुङ्क्ते स कदाचिदरण्ये क्षुधार्तोऽर्कपत्राण्यभक्षयत् ॥ १.३.५० ॥

Thus forbidden, he neither ate begged food, nor went elsewhere, nor drank milk, nor made use of the foam. Once, in the forest, tormented by hunger, he ate arka leaves.

1.3.51

स तैरर्कपत्रैर्भक्षितैः क्षारतिक्तकटुरूक्षैस्तीक्ष्णविपाकैश्चक्षुष्युपहतोऽन्धो बभूव ।
ततः सोऽन्धोऽपि चङ्क्रम्यमाणः कूपेऽपतत्
अथ तस्मिन्ननागच्छति सूर्ये चास्ताचलावलम्बिनि उपाध्यायः शिष्यानवोचत् ॥ १.३.५१ ॥

Those arka leaves, alkaline, bitter, pungent and harsh, of sharp effect, once eaten, afflicted his eyes, and he became blind. Then, though blind, as he walked about he fell into a well. When the sun was leaning toward the western mountain and he had not returned, the teacher said to the disciples:

1.3.53

मयोपमन्युः सर्वतः प्रतिषिद्धः स नियतं कुपितस्ततो नागच्छति चिरगतस्त्विति ।
ततोऽन्वेष्य इत्येवमुक्त्वा शिष्यैः सार्धमरण्यं गत्वा तस्याह्वानाय शब्दं चकार भो उपमन्यो क्वासि वत्सैहीति ॥ १.३.५३ ॥

I had forbidden Upamanyu on every side; surely he has gone away angry and does not come, and it is long since he went. Saying, 'He must be searched for,' he went into the forest with his disciples and called out to him: 'O Upamanyu, where are you? Child, come here!'

1.3.54

स उपाध्यायस्य आह्वानवचनं श्रुत्वा प्रत्युवाचोच्चैरयमस्मिन्कूपे पतितोऽहमिति ।
तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच कथं त्वमस्मिन्कूपे पतित इति ॥ १.३.५४ ॥

Hearing the teacher's calling words, he replied loudly: 'I have fallen into this well.' The teacher then answered him: 'How did you fall into this well?'

1.3.55

स उपाध्यायं प्रत्युवाच अर्कपत्राणि भक्षयित्वान्धीभूतोस्म्यतश्चङ्क्रम्यमाणः कूपे पतित इति ।
तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच ॥ १.३.५५ ॥

He answered the teacher: 'Having eaten the leaves of the arka plant I have become blind, and so, as I was walking about, I fell into the well.' Then the teacher said to him:

1.3.56

अश्विनौ स्तुहि तौ देवभिषजौ त्वां चक्षुष्मन्तं कर्ताराविति ।
स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायेनोपमन्युः स्तोतुमुपचक्रमे देवावश्विनौ वाग्भिर्ऋग्भिः ॥ १.३.५६ ॥

'Praise the two Aśvins, those divine physicians, who will make you one who has eyes.' When the teacher had said this, Upamanyu began to praise the gods, the Aśvins, with words and with ṛc verses.

1.3.57

प्रपूर्वगौ पूर्वजौ चित्रभानू ।
गिरा वां शंसामि तपसा ह्यनन्तौ।
दिव्यौ सुपर्णौ विरजौ विमाना-
वधिक्षिपन्तौ भुवनानि विश्वा ॥ १.३.५७ ॥

With austerity and with speech I praise you two, who go before, the firstborn, of wondrous radiance, the endless ones, divine, well-winged, stainless, borne in aerial chariots, surpassing all the worlds.

1.3.58

हिरण्मयौ शकुनी सांपरायौ ।
नासत्यदस्रौ सुनसौ वैजयन्तौ।
शुक्लं वयन्तौ तरसा सुवेमा-
वधिव्ययन्तावसितं विवस्वतः ॥ १.३.५८ ॥

Golden, bird-formed, leading to the next world, the Nāsatyas and Dasras, of fine noses, bearing victory banners, swiftly weaving the white cloth, weaving the dark thread of the sun.

1.3.59

ग्रस्तां सुपर्णस्य बलेन वर्तिका-
ममुञ्चतामश्विनौ सौभगाय।
तावत्सुवृत्तावनमं तमाय या-
वसत्तमा गा अरुणा उदावहत् ॥ १.३.५९ ॥

The Aśvins freed the lamp (the sun), seized by the strength of Garuḍa, for good fortune. Those two of perfect course, unyielding against darkness, most excellent of dwellers, lifted up the ruddy cows.

1.3.60

षष्टिश्च गावस्त्रिशताश्च धेनव ।
एकं वत्सं सुवते तं दुहन्ति।
नानागोष्ठा विहिता एकदोहना-
स्तावश्विनौ दुहतो घर्ममुक्थ्यम् ॥ १.३.६० ॥

Sixty and three hundred milch cows bear one calf and are milked for it. From cows kept in many pens, each yielding milk at a single milking, those two Aśvins milk the hot offering of milk (gharma), fit to be praised.

1.3.61

एकां नाभिं सप्त सथा अराः श्रिताः ।
प्रधिष्वन्या विंशतिरर्पिता अराः।
अनेमि चक्रं परिवर्ततेऽजरं ।
मायाऽश्विनौ समनक्ति चर्षणी ॥ १.३.६१ ॥

Seven spokes are fixed to one hub, and twenty other spokes are fixed on the rim. The undecaying wheel without a rim revolves; by their magic power the Aśvins join together the living beings.

1.3.62

एकं चक्रं वर्तते द्वादशारं ।
षण्णाभिमेकाक्षममृतस्य धारणम्।
यस्मिन्देवा अधि विश्वे विषक्ता-
स्तावश्विनौ मुञ्चतो मा विषीदतम् ॥ १.३.६२ ॥

One wheel turns, with twelve spokes, six hubs and a single axle, bearing immortality. In it all the gods are fixed. O Aśvins, release me, do not let me despair.

1.3.63

अश्विनाविन्दुममृतं वृत्तभूयौ ।
तिरोधत्तामश्विनौ दासपत्नी।
हित्वा गिरिमश्विनौ गामुदाचरन्तौ ।
तद्वृष्टिमह्नात्प्रस्थितौ बलस्य ॥ १.३.६३ ॥

The revolving Aśvins hid the immortal soma. Like a slave's wife, leaving the mountain and moving on towards the cows, the two Aśvins set out by day with the rain of Bala.

1.3.64

युवां दिशो जनयथो दशाग्रे ।
समानं मूर्ध्नि रथयानं वियन्ति।
तासां यातमृषयोऽनुप्रयान्ति ।
देवा मनुष्याः क्षितिमाचरन्ति ॥ १.३.६४ ॥

You two bring forth the directions beyond the tenth; over the head there is one chariot-journey, and they go apart. Go along their paths; the seers follow after them; gods and men move about upon the earth.

1.3.65

युवां वर्णान्विकुरुथो विश्वरूपां-
स्तेऽधिक्षियन्ते भुवनानि विश्वा।
ते भानवोऽप्यनुसृताश्चरन्ति ।
देवा मनुष्याः क्षितिमाचरन्ति ॥ १.३.६५ ॥

You two make the colours of all forms; they rest upon all worlds. Those lights too move following after; gods and men move about upon the earth.

1.3.66

तौ नासत्यावश्विनौ वां महेऽहं ।
स्रजं च यां बिभृथः पुष्करस्य।
तौ नासत्वावमृतावृतावृधा-
वृते देवास्तत्प्रपदे न सूते ॥ १.३.६६ ॥

To those two Nāsatya Aśvins I offer praise, and to the garland which you two bear from the lotus. Those two Nāsatyas are immortal, increasers of truth; without truth the gods do not bring forth on that path.

1.3.67

मुखेन गर्भं लभतां युवानौ ।
गतासुरेतत्प्रपदेन सूते।
सद्यो जातो मातरमत्ति गर्भ-
स्तावश्विनौ मुञ्चथौ जीवसे गाम् ॥ १.३.६७ ॥

Let the young ones obtain the embryo through the mouth. This lifeless child, born feet first, devours its own mother as soon as it is born. Aśvins, you two must release it, and the cow, that they may live.

1.3.68

स्तोतुं न शक्नोमि गुणैर्भवन्तौ ।
चक्षुर्विहीनः पथि संप्रमोहः।
दुर्गेऽहमस्मिन्पतितोऽस्मि कूपे ।
युवां शरण्यौ शरणं प्रपद्ये ॥ १.३.६८ ॥

I am not able to praise your qualities. Blind on the path, I am utterly bewildered; in this difficulty I have fallen into a well. You two alone are worthy of refuge; I take refuge in you.

1.3.69

सौतिरुवाच ।
एवमृग्भिश्चान्यैरस्तुवत्।
इत्येवं तेनाभिष्टुतावश्विनावाजग्मतुराहतुश्चैं प्रीतौ स्व एष तेऽपूपोशानैनमिति ॥ १.३.६९ ॥

Sauti said: Thus he praised them with the Ṛg verses and with other hymns. Thus praised by him, the Aśvins came, and pleased, they said: 'Here is your cake; eat it.'

1.3.70

स एवमुक्तः प्रत्युवाच नानृतमूचतुर्भगवन्तौ नत्वहमेतमपूपमुपयोक्तुमुत्सहे गुरवेऽनिवेद्येति ॥ १.३.७० ॥

Thus addressed, he replied: 'Revered ones, you have not spoken falsely; but I am not willing to partake of this cake without first offering it to my teacher.'

1.3.71

ततस्तमश्विनावूचतुः ।
आवाभ्यां पुरस्ताद्भवत उपाध्यायेनैवमेवाभिष्टुताभ्यामपूपोदत्त उपयुक्तः स तेनानिवेद्य गुरवे त्वमपि तथैव कुरुष्व यथा कृतमुपाध्यायेनेति ॥ १.३.७१ ॥

Then the Aśvins said to him: 'Because you praised us both, your teacher earlier received a cake in just this way; he ate it without offering it to his teacher. Do as your teacher did.'

1.3.72

स एवमुक्तः प्रत्युवाच एतत्प्रत्यनुनये भवन्तावश्विनौ नोत्सहेऽहमनिवेद्य गुरवेऽपूपमुपयोक्तुमिति ॥ १.३.७२ ॥

Thus addressed, he replied: "I decline this, Aśvins. I am not willing to eat the cake without informing my teacher."

1.3.73

तमश्विनावाहतुः प्रीतौ स्वस्तवानया गुरुभक्त्या ।
उपाध्यायस्य ते कार्ष्णायसा दन्ता भवतोऽपि हिरण्मया भविष्यन्ति चक्षुष्मांश्च भविष्यसि श्रेयश्चावाप्स्यसीति ॥ १.३.७३ ॥

Pleased, the Aśvins said to him: "May you be well. Through this devotion to your teacher, your teacher's iron teeth shall become golden, and your own teeth too shall be golden. You shall have sight, and you shall obtain good fortune."

1.3.74

स एवमुक्तोऽश्विभ्यां लब्धचक्षुरुपाध्यायसकाशमागम्याभ्यवादयत् ॥ १.३.७४ ॥

Thus addressed by the Aśvins, he regained his sight, came into his teacher's presence and bowed to him respectfully.

1.3.75

आचचक्षे च स चास्य प्रीतिमान्बभूव ॥ १.३.७५ ॥

He related everything, and the teacher was pleased with him.

1.3.76

आह चैनं यथाऽश्विनावाहतुस्तथा त्वं श्रेयोऽवाप्स्यसीति ॥ १.३.७६ ॥

And he said to him: "As the Aśvins have said, so shall you obtain good fortune."

1.3.77

सर्वे च ते वेदाःप्रतिभास्यन्ति सर्वाणि च धर्मशास्त्राणीति ।
एषा तस्यापि परीक्षोपमन्न्योः ॥ १.३.७७ ॥

"All the Vedas and all the treatises of dharma shall shine forth for you." This was also the test of Upamanyu.

1.3.78

अथापरः शिष्यस्तस्यैवापोदस्य धौम्यस्य बैदो नाम तमुपाध्यायः समादिदेश वत्स बैद इहास्यतां तावन्मम गृहे कंचित्कालं शुश्रूषुणा च भवितव्यं श्रेयस्ते भविष्यतीति ॥ १.३.७८ ॥

Then another disciple of that same Āpoda Dhaumya, named Baida, was instructed by his teacher: "Dear child Baida, stay here in my house for some time, attending to service; this will be good for you."

1.3.79

स तथेत्युक्त्वा गुरुकुले दीर्घकालं गुरुशुश्रूषणपरोऽवसत् ।
गौरिव नित्यं गुरुणा धूर्षु नियोज्यमानः शीतोष्णक्षुत्तृष्णादुःखसहः सर्वत्राप्रतिकूलस्तस्य महतात्कालेन गुरुः परितोषं जगाम ॥ १.३.७९ ॥

Saying "So be it," he dwelt in the teacher's household for a long time, devoted to serving the teacher. Like an ox constantly yoked to the plough, he was set to work by his teacher each day, enduring the suffering of cold, heat, hunger and thirst, never resisting anywhere. After a long time the teacher was satisfied.

1.3.80

तत्परितोषाच्च श्रेयः सर्वज्ञतां चावाप ।
एषा तस्यापि परीक्षा बैदस्य ॥ १.३.८० ॥

From the teacher's satisfaction he obtained blessing and omniscience. This too was Baida's test.

1.3.81

स उपाध्यायेनानुज्ञातः समावृत्तस्तस्माद्गुरुकुलवासाद्गृहाश्रमं प्रत्यपद्यत ।
तस्यापि स्वगृहे वसतस्त्रयः शिष्या बभूवुः स शिष्यान्न किंचिदुवाच कर्म वा क्रियतां गुरुशुश्रूषा वेति।
दुःखाभिज्ञो हि गुरुकुलवासस्य शिष्यान्परिक्लेशेन योजयितुं नेयेष ॥ १.३.८१ ॥

Having obtained his teacher's leave, he returned from living in the teacher's household and entered the householder's stage of life. While living in his own house he had three pupils; but he did not tell the pupils to perform any task or to serve the teacher, for knowing the hardship of life in a teacher's household, he did not wish to subject them to distress.

1.3.82

अथ कस्मिंश्चित्काले बैदं ब्राह्मणं जनमेजयः पौष्यश्च क्षत्रियावुपेत्योपाध्यायं वरयाञ्चक्रतुः ॥ १.३.८२ ॥

Then at a certain time the two kṣatriyas, Janamejaya and Pauṣya, approached the brahmin Baida and chose him as their teacher (priest).

1.3.83

स कदाचिद्याज्यकार्येणाभिप्रस्थित उत्तङ्कनामानं शिष्यं नियोजयामास ॥ १.३.८३ ॥

At one time, setting out on a sacrificial errand, he appointed his pupil named Uttaṅka (to look after his household).

1.3.84

भोयत्किंचिदस्मद्गृहे परिहीयते तदिच्छाम्यहमपरिहीयमानं भवता क्रियमाणमिति स एवं प्रतिसंदिश्योत्तङ्कं बैदः प्रवासं जगाम ॥ १.३.८४ ॥

"O (Uttaṅka), whatever in our house is lacking, I wish it to be done by you without any lack." Having thus instructed Uttaṅka, the brahmin Baida set out on a journey.

1.3.85

अथोत्तङ्कः शुश्रूषुर्गुरुनियोगमनुतिष्ठमानो गुरुकुले वसति स्म ।
स तत्र वसमान उपाध्यायस्त्रीभिः सहिताभिराहूयोक्तः ॥ १.३.८५ ॥

Then Uttaṅka, eager to serve, lived in the teacher's household, carrying out the teacher's command. While dwelling there, the preceptor, together with his wives, called him and spoke.

1.3.86

उपाध्यायानी ते ऋतुमती उपाध्यायश्च प्रोषितोऽस्या यथाऽयमृतुर्वन्ध्यो न भवति तथा क्रियतामेषा विषीदतीति ॥ १.३.८६ ॥

"The preceptor's wife is in her fertile season, and the preceptor has gone away. Act so that this season does not go barren; she is distressed."

1.3.87

एवमुक्तस्ताः स्त्रियः प्रत्युवाच ।
न मया स्त्रीणां वचनादिदमकार्यं करणीयम्।
न ह्यहमुपाध्यायेन संदिष्टोऽकार्यमपि त्वया कार्यमिति ॥ १.३.८७ ॥

Thus addressed, he replied to those women: "At the words of women I shall not do this improper deed. The preceptor has not instructed me that I must do even an improper deed for you."

1.3.88

तस्य पुनरुपाध्यायः कालान्तरेण गृहमाजगाम तस्मात्प्रवासात् ।
स तु तद्वृत्तं तस्याशेषमुपलभ्य प्रीतिमानभूत् ॥ १.३.८८ ॥

Then, after some time, the preceptor came home from that journey. Having learned of his entire conduct, he became pleased.

1.3.89

उवाच चैनं वत्सोत्तङ्कं किं ते प्रियं करवाणीति ।
धर्मतो हि शुश्रूषितोऽस्मि भवता तेन प्रीतिः परस्परेण नौ संवृद्धा तदनुजाने भवन्तं सर्वानेव कामानवाप्स्यसि गम्यतामिति ॥ १.३.८९ ॥

He said to Vatsottanka, "What dear thing shall I do for you? You have served me according to dharma, and so mutual affection has grown between us. Therefore I permit you; you will obtain all your desires. Now go."

1.3.90

स एवमुक्तः प्रत्युवाच किं ते प्रियं करवाणीति एवं ह्याहुः ॥ १.३.९० ॥

Thus addressed, he replied, "What dear thing shall I do for you?" For so people say.

1.3.91

यश्चाधर्मेण वै ब्रूयाद्यश्चाधर्मेण पृच्छति ।
तयोरन्यतरः प्रैति विद्वेषं चाधिगच्छति ॥ १.३.९१ ॥

He who speaks unrighteously, and he who asks unrighteously — of those two, one perishes and incurs enmity.

1.3.92

सोहमनुज्ञातो भवता इच्छामीष्टं गुर्वर्थमुपहर्तुमिति ।
तेनैवमुक्त उपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच वत्सोत्तङ्क उष्यतां तावदिति ॥ १.३.९२ ॥

"Having your leave, I wish to bring a desired thing for the teacher." Thus addressed, the teacher replied, "Dear Uttaṅka, stay here for now."

1.3.93

स कदाचित्तमुपाध्यायमाहोत्तङ्क आज्ञापयतु भवान्किं ते प्रियमुपाहरामि गुर्वर्थमिति ॥ १.३.९३ ॥

Once Uttaṅka said to that teacher, "Let the master command me: what dear thing shall I bring for the teacher?"

1.3.94

तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच वत्सोत्तङ्क बहुशो मां चोदयसि गुर्वर्थमुपाहरामीति तद्गच्छैनां प्रविश्योपाध्यायानीं पृच्छ किमुपाहरामीति एषा यद्ब्रवीति तदुपाहरस्वेति ॥ १.३.९४ ॥

The teacher said to him: 'Dear Uttaṅka, you urge me many times, saying, I will bring something for the teacher. Go, enter and ask the teacher's wife what I should bring. Bring whatever she says.'

1.3.95

स एवमुक्त उपाध्यायेनोपाध्यायानीमपृच्छद्भवत्युपाध्यायेनास्म्यनुज्ञातो गृहं गन्तुमिच्छामीष्टं ते गुर्वर्थमुपहृत्यानृणो गन्तुं तदाज्ञापयतु भवती किमुपाहरामि गुर्वर्थमिति ॥ १.३.९५ ॥

When the teacher had spoken thus, he asked the teacher's wife: 'Lady, I have been permitted by the teacher and wish to go home. Having brought what is dear to you for the teacher, I wish to go free of debt. So command me: what should I bring for the teacher?'

1.3.96

सैवमुक्तोपाध्यायानी तमुत्तङ्कं प्रत्युवाच गच्छ पौष्यं प्रति राजानं कुण्डले भिक्षितुं तस्य क्षत्रियया पिनद्धे ॥ १.३.९६ ॥

Thus addressed, the teacher's wife replied to Uttaṅka: 'Go to King Pauṣya and beg for his earrings, which are worn by his kṣatriya queen.'

1.3.97

आनयस्वेतश्चतुर्थेऽहनि पुण्यकर्म भविता ताभ्यामाबद्धाभ्यां शोभमाना ब्राह्मणान्परिवेष्टुमिच्छामि ।
तत्संपादयस्व एवं हि कुर्वतः श्रेयो भविताऽन्यथा कुतः श्रेय इति ॥ १.३.९७ ॥

Bring them here on the fourth day, and it will be a sacred rite. When they are fastened on, I wish to serve the Brahmins, shining with them. Accomplish this, for good fortune comes to one who does so; otherwise, from where would good fortune come?

1.3.98

स एवमुक्तस्तयोपाध्यायान्या प्रातिष्ठतोत्तङ्कः स पथि गच्छन्नपश्यदृषभमतिप्रमाणं तमधिरूढं च पुरुषमतिप्रमाणमेव स पुरुष उत्तङ्कमभ्यभाषत ॥ १.३.९८ ॥

Thus addressed by the teacher's wife, Uttaṅka set out. Going along the road, he saw a bull of immense size, and a man of immense size mounted upon it. That man spoke to Uttaṅka.

1.3.99

भोउत्तङ्कैतत्पुरीषमस्य ऋषभस्य भक्षयस्वेति स एवमुक्तो नैच्छत् ॥ १.३.९९ ॥

"O Uttaṅka, eat this dung of this bull." Thus addressed, he did not wish to.

1.3.100

तमाह पुरुषो भूयो भक्षयस्वोत्तङ्क मा विचारयोपाध्यायेनापि ते भक्षितं पूर्वमिति ।
स एवमुक्तो बाढमित्युक्त्वा तदा तद्वृपभस्य मूत्रं पुरीषं च भक्षयित्वोत्तङ्कः संभ्रमाढुत्थित एवापोऽनुस्पृश्य प्रतस्थे ॥ १.३.१०० ॥

That man said to him again, "Uttaṅka, eat, do not hesitate; the teacher too ate what had been eaten by you before." Thus addressed, he said "Very well," and then, having eaten the urine and dung of that bull, Uttaṅka rose hastily, touched water, and set out.

1.3.102

यत्र स क्षत्रियः पौष्यस्तमुपेत्यासीनमपश्यदुत्तङ्कः ।
स उत्तङ्कस्तमुपेत्याशीर्भिरभिनन्द्योवाच ॥ १.३.१०२ ॥

Where that warrior Pauṣya was, Uttaṅka came upon him seated. Then Uttaṅka approached him, greeted him with blessings, and spoke.

1.3.103

अर्थी भवन्तमुपागतोऽस्मीति स एनमभिवाद्योवाच ।
भगवन्पौष्यः खल्वहं किं करवाणीति ॥ १.३.१०३ ॥

"I have come to you as one who seeks a favour." Having greeted him, he said: "Venerable sir, I am indeed Pauṣya. What shall I do?"

1.3.104

स तमुवाच गुर्वर्थं कुण्डलयोरर्थेनाभ्यागतोऽस्मि ।
ये वै ते क्षत्रिया पिनद्धे कुण्डले ते भवान्दातुमर्हतीति ॥ १.३.१०४ ॥

He said to him: "I have come for the sake of my teacher, for the sake of the earrings. You are worthy to give me the earrings you are wearing."

1.3.105

तं प्रत्युवाच पौष्यः प्रविश्यान्तःपुरं क्षत्रिया याच्यतामिति ।
स तेनैवमुक्तः प्रविश्यान्तःपुरं क्षत्रियां नापश्यत् ॥ १.३.१०५ ॥

Pauṣya replied to him: "Enter the inner apartments and ask the kṣatriya women." Thus addressed by him, he entered the inner apartments, but did not see a kṣatriya woman.

1.3.106

स पौष्यं पुनरुवाच न युक्तं भवताऽहमनृतेनोपचरितुं न हि तेऽन्तःपुरे क्षत्रिया सन्निहिता नैनां पश्यामि ॥ १.३.१०६ ॥

He spoke again to Pauṣya: "It is not fitting for you to treat me with a falsehood. There are no kṣatriya women present in your inner apartments; I do not see her."

1.3.107

स एवमुक्तः पौष्यः क्षणमात्रं विमृश्योत्तङ्कं प्रत्युवाच ।
नियतं भवानुच्छिष्टः स्मर तावन्न हि सा क्षत्रिया उच्छिष्टेनाशुचिना शक्या द्रष्टुं पतिव्रतात्वात्सैषा नाशुचेर्दर्शनमुपैतीति ॥ १.३.१०७ ॥

Thus addressed, Pauṣya considered for a moment and answered Uttaṅka: "Surely you are impure, having eaten leftovers; remember that. A kṣatriya woman cannot be seen at present by one who is impure from eating leftovers; she is devoted to her husband and does not receive the sight of the impure."

1.3.108

अथैवमुक्त उत्तङ्कः स्मृत्वोवाचास्ति खलु मया तु भक्षितं नोपस्पृष्टमागच्छतेति ।
तं पौष्यः प्रत्युवाच एष ते व्यतिक्रमो नोत्थितेनोपस्पृष्टं भवति शीघ्रमागच्छतेति ॥ १.३.१०८ ॥

Thus addressed, Uttaṅka remembered and said, "Indeed I have eaten something and have not sipped water for purification; come." Pauṣya replied to him, "This is your transgression: purification is not complete for one who has risen. Come quickly."

1.3.109

अथोत्तङ्कस्तं तथेत्युक्त्वा प्राङ्मुख उपावेश्य सुप्रक्षालितपाणिपादवदनो निःशब्दाभिरफेनाभिरनुष्णाभिर्हृद्गताभिरद्भिस्त्रिः पीत्वा द्विः परिमृज्य खान्यद्भिरुपस्पृश्य चान्तःपुरं प्रविवेश ॥ १.३.१०९ ॥

Then Uttaṅka, saying "so be it," sat facing east, having washed his hands, feet and face well; he drank water three times, soundless, foamless, not warm, reaching the heart, wiped twice, touched the orifices with water, and entered the inner apartments.

1.3.110

ततस्तां क्षत्रियामपश्यत्सा च दृष्ट्वैवोत्तङ्कं प्रत्युत्थायाभिवाद्योवाच स्वागतं ते भगवन्नाज्ञापय किं करवाणीति ॥ १.३.११० ॥

Then he saw the royal lady. Seeing Uttaṅka, she rose, greeted him respectfully and said, "Welcome to you, venerable sir. Command me: what shall I do?"

1.3.111

स तामुवाचैते कुण्डले गुर्वर्थं मे भिक्षिते दातुमर्हसीति ।
सा प्रीता तेन तस्य सद्भावेन पात्रमयमनतिक्रमणीयश्चेति मत्वा ते कुण्डले अवमुच्यास्मै प्रायच्छदाह चैनमेते कुण्डले तक्षको नागराजः सुभृशं प्रार्थयत्यप्रमत्तो नेतुमर्हसीति ॥ १.३.१११ ॥

He said to her, 'I ask for these two earrings as alms for the sake of my teacher; you should give them.' Pleased by his good disposition, and thinking that he was a worthy recipient who should not be disregarded, she took off the earrings and gave them to him, and said, 'The king of the nāgas, Takṣaka, desires these very much; take them carefully.'

1.3.112

स एवमुक्तस्तां क्षत्रियां प्रत्युवाच भवती सुनिर्वृता भवतु ।
न मां शक्तस्तक्षको नागराजो धर्षयितुमिति ॥ १.३.११२ ॥

Thus addressed, he replied to that kṣatriya woman: 'May you be entirely at ease. The nāga-king Takṣaka is not able to harm me.'

1.3.113

स एवमुक्त्वा तां क्षत्रियामामन्त्र्य पौष्यसकाशमागच्छत् ।
आह चैनं भोः पौष्य प्रीतोऽस्मीति तमुत्तङ्कं पौष्यः प्रत्युवाच ॥ १.३.११३ ॥

Having said this and taken leave of that kṣatriya woman, he went back to Pauṣya's presence. He said to him, 'O Pauṣya, I am pleased.' Then Pauṣya replied to Uttaṅka.

1.3.114

भगवंश्चिरेण पात्रमासाद्यते भवाश्च गुणवानतिथिस्तदिच्छे श्राद्धं कर्तुं क्रियतां क्षण इति ॥ १.३.११४ ॥

'Venerable one, a worthy recipient is found only after a long time, and you are a virtuous guest; therefore I wish to perform a śrāddha. Please wait a moment.'

1.3.115

तमुत्तङ्कः प्रत्युवाच कृतक्षण एवास्मि शीघ्रमिच्छामि यथोपपन्नमन्नमुपस्कृतं भवतेति स तथेत्युक्त्वा यथोपपन्नेनान्नेनैनं भोजयामास ॥ १.३.११५ ॥

Uttaṅka replied, "I have arrived in good time; I wish that the food, whatever is at hand, be prepared quickly." Saying "So be it," he fed him with the food that was at hand.

1.3.116

अथोत्तङ्कः सकेशं शीतमन्नं दृष्ट्वा अशुच्येतदिति मत्वा तं पौष्यमुवाच ।
यस्मान्मे अशुच्यन्नं ददासि तस्मादन्धो भविष्यसीति ॥ १.३.११६ ॥

Then Uttaṅka, seeing the cold food with hair in it and thinking, "This is impure," said to Pauṣya: "Because you give me impure food, you will become blind."

1.3.117

तं पौष्यः प्रत्युवाच ।
यस्मात्त्वमदुष्टमन्नंदूषयसि तस्मादनपत्यो भविष्यसीति तमुत्तङ्कः प्रत्युवाच ॥ १.३.११७ ॥

Pauṣya replied to him, "Because you defile pure food, you will be childless." Then Uttaṅka answered him.

1.3.118

न युक्तं भवताऽन्नमशुचि दत्त्वा प्रतिशापं दातुं तस्मादन्नमेव प्रत्यक्षीकुरु ।
ततः पौष्यस्तदन्नमशुचि दृष्ट्वा तस्याशुचिभावमपरोक्षयामास ॥ १.३.११८ ॥

Uttaṅka said, "It is not proper for you, having given impure food, to give a counter-curse; therefore show the food itself back." Then Pauṣya, seeing that impure food, made its impurity evident.

1.3.119

अथ तदन्नं मुक्तकेश्या स्त्रियोपहृतमनुष्णं सकेशं चाशुच्येतदिति मत्वा तमृषिमुत्तङ्कं प्रसादयामास ॥ १.३.११९ ॥

Then, seeing that food brought by a woman with loosened hair was cold and had hair in it, and thinking, "This is impure," he sought to appease the sage Uttaṅka.

1.3.120

भघवन्नेतदज्ञानादन्नं सकेशमुपाहृतं शीतं च ।
तत्क्षामये भवन्तं न भवेयमन्ध इति।
तमुत्तङ्कः प्रत्युवाच ॥ १.३.१२० ॥

Venerable one, out of ignorance this food was brought with hair in it and cold. Therefore I beg your forgiveness, so that I may not become blind. Thus Uttaṅka replied.

1.3.121

न मृषा ब्रवीमि भूत्वा त्वमन्धो नचिरादनन्धो भविष्यसीति ।
ममापि शापो भवता दत्तो न भवेदिति ॥ १.३.१२१ ॥

I do not speak falsely: you will become blind, but before long you will not be blind. And the curse you have laid upon me should not be in vain.

1.3.122

तं पौष्यः प्रत्युवाच न चाहं शक्तः शापं प्रत्यादातुं न हि मे मन्युरद्याप्युपशमं गच्छति किं चैतद्भवता न ज्ञायते ।
यथा ॥ १.३.१२२ ॥

Pauṣya replied to him: I am not able to take back the curse, for my anger has not yet subsided even now. Do you not know this? As…

1.3.123

नवनीतं हृदयं ब्राह्मणस्य ।
वाचि क्षुरो निहितस्तीक्ष्णधारः।
तदुभयमेतद्विपरीतं क्षत्रियस्य ।
वाङ्नवनीतं हृदयं तीक्ष्णधारम्॥ इति ॥ १.३.१२३ ॥

The heart of a brahmin is butter, and in his speech a sharp-edged razor is placed. These two are reversed for a kṣatriya: the kṣatriya's speech is butter, his heart a sharp-edged blade.

1.3.124

तदेवंगते न शक्तोऽहं तीक्ष्णहृदयत्वात्तं शापमन्यथाकर्तुं गम्यतामिति ।
तमुत्तङ्कः प्रत्युवाच ॥ १.३.१२४ ॥

Therefore, in such a state, I am not able to undo that curse because of my sharp heart. Now go. Thus Uttaṅka replied to him.

1.3.125

भवताऽहमन्नस्याशुचिभावमालक्ष्य प्रत्यनुनीतः ।
प्राक् च तेऽभिहितं यस्माददुष्टमन्नं दूषयसि तस्मादनपत्यो भविष्यसीति।
दुष्टे चान्ने नैष मम शापो भविष्यतीति ॥ १.३.१२५ ॥

By you I was placated when I saw the impurity of the food. Earlier it was said to you: because you defile food that is not defiled, you shall be childless. And this shall not be my curse in spoiled food.

1.3.126

साधयामस्तावदित्युक्त्वा प्रातिष्ठतोत्तङ्कस्ते कुण्डले गृहीत्वा ।
सोऽपश्यदथ पथि नग्नं क्षपणकमागच्छन्तं मुहुर्मुहुर्दृश्यमानमदृश्यमानं च ॥ १.३.१२६ ॥

Saying 'let us accomplish this for now,' Uttaṅka departed, taking those earrings. Then on the path he saw a naked Jain ascetic coming, seen again and again and unseen.

1.3.127

अथोत्तङ्कस्ते कुण्डले संन्यस्य भूमावुदकार्थं प्रचक्रमे ।
एतस्मिन्नन्तरे स क्षपणकस्त्वरमाण उपसृत्य ते कुण्डले गृहीत्वा प्राद्रवत् ॥ १.३.१२७ ॥

Then Uttaṅka set those earrings down on the ground and began sipping water for ritual purification. In the meantime that ascetic, hastening, came near, seized those earrings and ran off.

1.3.128

तमुत्तङ्कोऽभिसृत्य कृतोदककार्यः शुचिः प्रयतो नमो देवेभ्यो गुरुभ्यश्च कृत्वा महता जवेन तमन्वयात् ॥ १.३.१२८ ॥

Uttaṅka, having completed the water rite, pure and self-controlled, bowing to the gods and teachers, pursued him with great speed.

1.3.129

तस्य तक्षको दृढमासन्नः सतं जग्राह ।
गृहीतमात्रः स तद्रूपं विहाय तक्षकस्वरूपं कृत्वा सहसा धरण्यां विवृतं महाबिलं प्रविवेश ॥ १.३.१२९ ॥

Takṣaka seized him firmly. As soon as he was seized, he abandoned his own form, took on the form of Takṣaka, and suddenly entered the great hole that had opened in the earth.

1.3.130

प्रविश्य च नागलोकं स्वभवनमगच्छत् ।
अथोत्तङ्कस्तस्याः क्षत्रियाया वचः स्मृत्वा तं तक्षकमन्वगच्छत् ॥ १.३.१३० ॥

Having entered the world of the serpents, he went to his own abode. Then Uttanka, remembering the words of that kṣatriya woman, followed Takṣaka.

1.3.131

स तद्बिलं दण्डकाष्ठेन चखान न चाशकत् ।
तं क्लिश्यमानमिन्द्रोऽपश्यत्स वज्रं प्रेषयामास।
गच्छास्य ब्राह्मणस्य साहाय्यं कुरुष्वेति ॥ १.३.१३१ ॥

He tried to dig out that hole with a staff of wood, but was not able to. Seeing him distressed, Indra sent the thunderbolt: 'Go, render help to this brahmin.'

1.3.132

अथ वज्रं दण्डकाष्ठमनुप्रविश्य तद्बिलमदारयत् ॥ १.३.१३२ ॥

Then the thunderbolt, entering into the staff of wood, split open that hole.

1.3.133

तमुत्तङ्कोऽनुविवेश तेनैव बिलेन प्रविश्य च तं नागलोकमपर्यन्तमनेकविधप्रासादहर्म्यवलभीनिर्यूहशतसंकुलमुच्चावचक्रीडाश्चर्यस्थानावकीर्णमपश्यत् ॥ १.३.१३३ ॥

Uttanka entered by that very hole, following him. Having entered the world of the serpents, he saw it—boundless, crowded with palaces and mansions of many kinds, terraces and hundreds of projecting balconies, scattered with wonderful places of pleasure, high and low.

1.3.134

स तत्र नागांस्तानस्तुवदेभिः श्लोकैः ।
य ऐरावतराजानः सर्पाः समितिशोभाः।
क्षरन्त इव जीमूताः सविद्युत्पवनेरिताः ॥ १.३.१३४ ॥

There he praised those nāgas with these verses: the serpent-kings descended from Airāvata, glorious in battle, pouring forth like clouds driven by lightning and wind.

1.3.135

सुरूपा बहुरूपाश्च तथा कल्माषकुण्डलाः ।
आदित्यवन्नाकपृष्ठे रेजुरैरावतोद्भवाः ॥ १.३.१३५ ॥

Beautiful, many-formed, wearing spotted earrings, born of Airāvata, the nāgas shone on the back of heaven like the sun.

1.3.136

बहूनि नागवेश्मानि गङ्गायास्तीर उत्तरे ।
तत्रस्थानपि संस्तौमि महतः पन्नगानहम् ॥ १.३.१३६ ॥

On the northern bank of the Gaṅgā are many dwellings of nāgas; I also praise the great serpents who dwell there.

1.3.137

इच्छेत्कोऽर्कांशुसेनायां चर्तुमैरावतं विना ।
शतान्यशीतिरष्टौ च सहस्राणि च विंशतिः ॥ १.३.१३७ ॥

Who would wish to move about in the army of the sun's rays without Airāvata? (They number) hundreds, eighty, eight, and twenty thousand.

1.3.138

सर्पाणां प्रग्रहा यान्ति धृतराष्ट्रो यदैजति ।
ये चैनमुपसर्पन्ति ये च दूरपथं गताः ॥ १.३.१३८ ॥

When Dhṛtarāṣṭra moves, the reins of the serpents go; both those who approach him and those who have gone along distant paths.

1.3.139

अहमैरावतज्येष्ठभ्रातृभ्योऽकरवं नमः ।
यस्य वासः कुरुक्षेत्रे खाण्डवे चाभवत्पुरा ॥ १.३.१३९ ॥

I paid homage to the elder brothers of Airāvata, whose dwelling in former times was in Kurukṣetra and in Khāṇḍava.

1.3.140

तं नागराजमस्तौषं कुण्डलार्थाय तक्षकम् ।
तक्षकश्चाश्वसेनश्च नित्यं सहचरावुभौ ॥ १.३.१४० ॥

For the sake of the earrings I praised that king of serpents, Takṣaka; Takṣaka and Aśvasena, the two, are always companions.

1.3.141

कुरुक्षेत्रं च वसतां नदीमिक्षुमतीमनु ।
जघन्यजस्तक्षकस्य श्रुतसेनेति यः सुतः ॥ १.३.१४१ ॥

Among those who dwell at Kurukṣetra and along the river Ikṣumatī, the youngest-born son of Takṣaka, who is named Śrutasena.

1.3.142

अवसद्यो महद्द्युम्नि प्रार्थयन्नागमुख्यताम् ।
करवाणि सदा चाहं नमस्तस्मै महात्मने ॥ १.३.१४२ ॥

He who dwells, brilliant and desiring chief rank among the serpents — I shall always do his bidding. Homage to that great-souled one.

1.3.143

सौतिरुवाच ।
एवं स्तुत्वा स विप्रर्षिरुत्तङ्को भुजगोत्तमान्।
नैव ते कुण्डले लेभे ततश्चिन्तामुपागमत् ॥ १.३.१४३ ॥

Sauti said: Having praised the best of serpents in this way, the brahmin sage Uttanka did not obtain those earrings, and then he fell into anxiety.

1.3.144

एवं स्तुवन्नपि नागान्यदा ते कुण्डले नालभत्तदाऽपश्यत्स्त्रियौ तन्त्रे अधिरोप्य सुवेमे पटं वयन्त्यौ ।
तस्मिंस्तन्त्रे कृष्णाः सिताश्च तन्तवश्चक्रं चापश्यद्द्वादशारं षड्भिः कुमारैः परिवर्त्यमानं पुरुषं चापश्यदश्वं च दर्शनीयम् ॥ १.३.१४४ ॥

Even though he praised the serpents in this way and still did not obtain those earrings, he then saw two women weaving cloth, having placed it upon a loom. On that loom were black and white threads. He saw a wheel of twelve spokes being turned by six youths, and he saw a man and a beautiful horse.