Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.61
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1.61.1
शृणु राजन्यथा वीरा भ्रातरः पञ्च पाण्डवाः ।
विरोधमन्वगच्छन्त धार्तराष्ट्रैर्दुरात्मभिः ॥ १.६१.१ ॥
O king, listen to how the five heroic Pāṇḍava brothers fell into enmity with the evil-minded sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
1.61.2
गुरवे प्राङ्नमस्कृत्य मनोबुद्धिसमाधिभिः ।
संपूज्य च द्विजान्सर्वांस्तथान्यान्विदुषो जनान् ॥ १.६१.२ ॥
Having first bowed to the teacher with mind, intellect and concentration, and having honored all the twice-born and other learned people.
1.61.3
महर्षेर्विश्रुतस्येह सर्वलोकेषु धीमतः ।
प्रवक्ष्यामि मतं कृत्स्नं व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ॥ १.६१.३ ॥
I shall relate the complete teaching of the great sage Vyāsa, renowned in this world and in all worlds, the wise one of immeasurable splendor.
1.61.4
श्रोतुं पात्रं च राजंस्त्वं प्राप्येमां भारतीं कथाम् ।
गुरोर्वक्त्रपरिस्पन्दो मनः प्रोत्साहतीव मे ॥ १.६१.४ ॥
O king, you are a worthy recipient of this Bhārata story; the movement of my teacher's lips greatly stirs my mind to speak.
1.61.5
शृणु राजन्यथा भेदः कुरुपाण्डवयोरभूत् ।
राज्यार्थे द्यूतसंभूतो वनवासस्तथैव च ॥ १.६१.५ ॥
Listen, O king, to how the rift arose between the Kurus and the Pāṇḍavas, and how the forest exile born of the dice game for the kingdom came about.
1.61.6
यथा च युद्धमभवत्पृथिवीक्षयकारकम् ।
तत्तेऽहं कथयिष्यामि पृच्छते भरतर्षभ ॥ १.६१.६ ॥
And how the war that caused the destruction of the earth came about, I shall relate to you who ask, O bull of the Bharatas.
1.61.7
मृते पितरि ते वीरा वनादेत्य स्वमन्दिरम् ।
नचिरादेव विद्वांसो वेदे धनुषि चाभवन् ॥ १.६१.७ ॥
When their father was dead, those heroes came back from the forest to their own home, and before long they became learned in the Veda and in archery.
1.61.8
तांस्तथा सत्ववीर्यौजःसंपन्नान्पौरसंमतान् ।
नामृष्यन्कुरवो दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवाञ्श्रीयशोभृतः ॥ १.६१.८ ॥
Seeing the Pāṇḍavas endowed with vitality, valour and vigour, esteemed by the citizens, bearing splendour and fame, the Kurus could not endure it.
1.61.9
ततो दुर्योधनः क्रूरः कर्णश्च सहसौबलः ।
तेषां निग्रहनिर्वासान्विविधांस्ते समारभन् ॥ १.६१.९ ॥
Then the cruel Duryodhana, with Karṇa and Saubala (Śakuni), set about various schemes to subdue and banish them.
1.61.10
ततो दुर्योधनः क्रूरः कुलिङ्गस्य मते स्थितः ।
पाम्डवान्विविधोपायै राज्यहेतोरपीडयत् ॥ १.६१.१० ॥
Then the cruel Duryodhana, abiding by the counsel of Kuliṅga (Karṇa), tormented the Pāṇḍavas by various means for the sake of the kingdom.
1.61.11
ददावथ विषं पापो भीमाय धृतराष्ट्रजः ।
जरयामास तद्वीरः सहान्नेन वृकोदरः ॥ १.६१.११ ॥
Then the sinful son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra gave poison to Bhīma; but that hero Vṛkodara digested it together with the food.
1.61.12
प्रमाणकोट्यां संसुप्तं पुनर्बद्ध्वा वृकोदरम् ।
तोयेषु भीमं गङ्गायाः प्रक्षिप्य पुरमाव्रजत् ॥ १.६१.१२ ॥
Having bound Vṛkodara (Bhīma) again while he lay in deep sleep at Pramāṇakoṭi, and thrown Bhīma into the waters of the Gaṅgā, he went back to the city.
1.61.13
यदा विबुद्धः कौन्तेयस्तदा संछिद्य बन्धनम् ।
उदतिष्ठन्महाबाहुर्भीमसेनो गतव्यथः ॥ १.६१.१३ ॥
When the son of Kuntī awoke, having cut his bonds, the mighty-armed Bhīmasena rose up, free of pain.
1.61.14
आशीविषैः कृष्णसर्पैः सुप्तं चैनमदंशयत् ।
सर्वेष्वेवाङ्गदेशेषु न ममार स शत्रुहा ॥ १.६१.१४ ॥
Sleeping, he was bitten by venomous black serpents on all parts of his body, yet the slayer of enemies did not die.
1.61.15
तेषां तु विप्रकारेषु तेषु तेषु महामतिः ।
मोक्षणे प्रतिकारे च विदुरोऽवहितोऽभवत् ॥ १.६१.१५ ॥
Against their many injuries, and in the deliverance from them and their remedy, the great-minded Vidura remained attentive.
1.61.16
स्वर्गस्थो जीवलोकस्य यथा शक्रः सुखावहः ।
पाण्डवानां तथा नित्यं विदुरोऽपि सुखावहः ॥ १.६१.१६ ॥
As Indra, dwelling in heaven, is a bringer of happiness to the world of the living, so too Vidura is always a bringer of happiness to the Pāṇḍavas.
1.61.17
यदा तु विविधोपायैः संवृतैर्विवृतैरपि ।
नाशकद्विनिहन्तुं तान्दैवभाव्यर्थरक्षितान् ॥ १.६१.१७ ॥
When, by various means both concealed and open, they were unable to slay them, for they were protected by the purpose ordained by fate.
1.61.18
ततः संमन्त्र्य सचिवैर्वृषदुःशासनादिभिः ।
धृतराष्ट्रमनुज्ञाप्य जातुषं गृहमादिशत् ॥ १.६१.१८ ॥
Then, having deliberated with his ministers, Vṛṣa, Duḥśāsana and others, and obtaining Dhṛtarāṣṭra's permission, he ordered a house of lac to be built.
1.61.19
तत्र तान्वासयामास पाण्डवानमितौजसः ।
सुतप्रियैषी तान्राजा पाण्डवानम्बिकासुतः।
ततो विवासयामास राज्यभोगबुभुक्षया ॥ १.६१.१९ ॥
There he settled the Pāṇḍavas of boundless vigour. Then the king, son of Ambikā, who sought the pleasure of his sons, banished them out of desire to enjoy the kingdom.
1.61.20
ते प्रातिष्ठन्त सहिता नगरान्नागसाह्वयात् ।
प्रस्थाने चाभवन्मन्त्री क्षत्ता तेषां महात्मनाम् ॥ १.६१.२० ॥
Together they set out from the city called Nāgasāhvaya, and in the departure of those great-souled ones, their counsellor was the steward (Vidura).
1.61.21
तेन मुक्ता जतुगृहान्निशीथे प्राद्रवन्वनम् ।
ततः संप्राप्य कौन्तेया नगरं वारणावतम् ॥ १.६१.२१ ॥
Released by him, they fled from the lac-house at midnight into the forest. Then the sons of Kuntī reached the city of Vāraṇāvata.
1.61.22
न्यवसन्त महात्मानो मात्रा सह परन्तपाः ।
धृतराष्ट्रेण चाज्ञप्ता उषिता जातुषे गृहे ॥ १.६१.२२ ॥
Those great-souled scorchers of foes dwelt there together with their mother; they had been made to dwell in the lac-house by Dhṛtarāṣṭra's command.
1.61.23
पुरोचनाद्रक्षमाणाः संवत्सरमतन्द्रिताः ।
सुरुङ्गां कारयित्वा तु विदुरेण प्रचोदिताः ॥ १.६१.२३ ॥
Guarding themselves against Purocana, they remained vigilant for a year, and urged by Vidura, they had a tunnel dug.
1.61.24
आदीप्य जातुषं वेश्म दग्ध्वा चैव पुरोचनम् ।
प्राद्रवन्भयसंविग्ना मात्रा सह पन्तपाः ॥ १.६१.२४ ॥
Having set the lac-house alight and burned Purocana, agitated with fear, they fled together with their mother; they were scorchers of foes.
1.61.25
ददृशुर्दारुमं रक्षो हिडिम्बं वननिर्झरे ।
हत्वा च तं राक्षसेन्द्रं भीताः समवबोधनात् ॥ १.६१.२५ ॥
They saw the cruel demon Hiḍimba at the forest stream. Having slain that lord of demons, they were frightened when they awoke together.
1.61.26
निशि संप्राद्रवन्पार्था धार्तराष्ट्रभयार्दिताः ।
प्राप्ता हिडिम्बा भीमेन यत्र जातो घटोत्कचः ॥ १.६१.२६ ॥
At night the sons of Pṛthā fled, tormented by fear of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. Hiḍimbā, with Bhīma, reached the place where Ghaṭotkaca had been born.
1.61.27
एकचक्रां ततो हत्वा पाण्डवाः संशितव्रताः ।
वेदाध्ययनसंपन्नास्तेऽभवन्ब्रह्मचारिणः ॥ १.६१.२७ ॥
Then, having slain him in Ekacakrā, the Pāṇḍavas, firm in their vows and accomplished in the study of the Vedas, became celibate students.
1.61.28
ते तत्र नियताः कालं कंचिदूषुर्नरर्षभाः ।
मात्रा सहैकचक्रायां ब्राह्मणस्य निवेशने ॥ १.६१.२८ ॥
Those self-restrained best of men dwelt there for some time with their mother, in the house of a brahmin in Ekacakrā.
1.61.29
तत्राससाद क्षुधितं पुरुषादं वृकोदरः ।
भीमसेनो महाबाहुर्बकं नाम महाबलम् ॥ १.६१.२९ ॥
There the mighty-armed Bhīmasena, the wolf-bellied one, came upon the hungry man-eater named Baka, of great strength.
1.61.30
तं चापि पुरुषव्याघ्रो बाहुवीर्येण पाण्डवः ।
निहत्य तरसा वीरो नागरान्पर्यसान्त्वयत् ॥ १.६१.३० ॥
That tiger among men, the Pāṇḍava hero, by the valour of his arms, swiftly slew him too, and fully comforted the townspeople.
1.61.31
ततस्ते शुश्रुवुः कृष्णां पञ्चालेषु स्वयंवराम् ।
श्रुत्वा चैवाभ्यगच्छ्त गत्वा चैवालभन्त ताम् ॥ १.६१.३१ ॥
Then they heard that Kṛṣṇā was to be won by her own choice in the land of the Pañcālas. Having heard, they went there and, having gone, obtained her.
1.61.32
ते तत्र द्रौपदीं लब्ध्वा परिसंवत्सरोषिताः ।
विदिता हास्तिनपुरं प्रत्याजग्मुररिन्दमाः ॥ १.६१.३२ ॥
Having won Draupadī there and dwelt there for a full year, the subduers of foes, made known, returned to Hāstinapura.
1.61.33
ते उक्ता धृतराष्ट्रेण राज्ञा शान्तनवेन च ।
भ्रातृभिर्विग्रहस्तात कथं वो न भवेदिति ॥ १.६१.३३ ॥
They were addressed by King Dhṛtarāṣṭra and by the son of Śantanu (Bhīṣma): "Dear son, how could there not be strife between you and your brothers?"
1.61.34
अस्माभिः खाण्डवप्रस्थे युष्मद्वासोऽनुचिन्तितः ।
तस्माज्जनपदोपेतं सुविभक्तमहापथम् ॥ १.६१.३४ ॥
We have considered a dwelling for you at Khāṇḍavaprastha, which is endowed with territory and has well-divided great roads.
1.61.35
वासाय स्वाण्डवप्रस्थं व्रजध्वं गतमत्सराः ।
तयोस्ते वचनाज्जग्मुः सह सर्वैः सुहृज्जनैः ॥ १.६१.३५ ॥
"Go to Khāṇḍavaprastha to dwell, free from envy." At the words of those two, they went with all their well-wishing kinsmen.
1.61.36
नगरं खाण्डवप्रस्थं रत्नान्यादाय सर्वशः ।
तत्र ते न्यवसन्पार्थाः संवत्सरगणांन्बहून् ॥ १.६१.३६ ॥
Taking all their jewels, the sons of Pṛthā dwelt there in the city of Khāṇḍavaprastha for many groups of years.
1.61.37
वशे शस्त्रप्रतापेन कुर्वन्तोऽन्यान्महीभृतः ।
एवं धर्मप्रधानास्ते सत्यव्रतपरायणाः ॥ १.६१.३७ ॥
Subduing other kings by the might of their weapons, they, chiefly devoted to dharma and intent on the vow of truth, lived thus.
1.61.38
अप्रमत्तोत्थिताः क्षान्ताः प्रतपन्तोऽहितान्बहून् ।
अजयद्भीमसेनस्तु दिशं प्राचीं महायशाः ॥ १.६१.३८ ॥
Vigilant, ready, and patient, scorching many enemies, the greatly renowned Bhīmasena conquered the eastern direction.
1.61.39
उदीचीमर्जुनो वीरः प्रतीचीं नकुलस्तथा ।
दक्षिणां सहदेवस्तु विजिग्ये परवीरहा ॥ १.६१.३९ ॥
The hero Arjuna conquered the northern direction, Nakula likewise the western, and Sahadeva, slayer of enemy heroes, the southern.
1.61.40
एवं चक्रुरिमां सर्वे वशे कृत्स्नां वसुन्धराम् ।
पञ्चभिः सूर्यसङ्काशैः सूर्येण च विराजता ॥ १.६१.४० ॥
Thus they all brought this entire earth under control — the five, resplendent as the sun, and the shining sun.
1.61.41
षट्सूर्येवाभवत्पृथ्वी पाण्डवैः सत्यविक्रमैः ।
ततो निमित्ते कस्मिंश्चिद्धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ १.६१.४१ ॥
By the Pāṇḍavas of true valour the earth became like six suns. Then, on a certain occasion, King Dharma Yudhiṣṭhira...
1.61.42
वनं प्रस्थापयामास तेजस्वी सत्यविक्रमः ।
प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियतरं भ्रातरं सव्यसाचिनम् ॥ १.६१.४२ ॥
The radiant, truly valorous king sent forth to the forest his brother Savyasācin (Arjuna), dearer than life itself.
1.61.43
अर्जुनं पुरुषव्याघ्रं स्थिरात्मानं गुणैर्युतम् ।
स वै संवत्सरं पूर्णं मासं चैकं वने वसन् ॥ १.६१.४३ ॥
Arjuna, tiger among men, steadfast in mind and endowed with virtues, dwelt in the forest for a full year and one month.
1.61.44
तीर्थयात्रां च कृतवान्नागकन्यामवाप च ।
पाण्ड्यस्य तनयां लब्ध्वा तत्र ताभ्यांसहोषितः ॥ १.६१.४४ ॥
He undertook a pilgrimage and won a Nāga maiden; there he obtained the daughter of the Pāṇḍya king and dwelt with them.
1.61.45
ततोऽगच्छद्धृषीकेशं द्वारवत्यां कदाचन ।
लब्धवांस्तत्र बीभत्सुर्भार्यां राजीवलोचनाम् ॥ १.६१.४५ ॥
Then once he went to Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa) at Dvārakā, and there Bībhatsu (Arjuna) obtained a lotus-eyed wife.
1.61.46
अनुजां वासुदेवस्य सुभद्रां भद्रभाषिणीम् ।
सा शचीव महेन्द्रेण श्रीः कृष्णेनेव सङ्गता ॥ १.६१.४६ ॥
Subhadrā, the younger sister of Vāsudeva, gentle of speech, was united like Śacī with Mahendra, and like Śrī with Kṛṣṇa.
1.61.47
सुभद्रा युयुजे प्रीत्या पाण्डवेनार्जुनेन ह ।
अतर्पयच्च कौन्तेयः खाण्डवे हव्यवाहनम् ॥ १.६१.४७ ॥
Subhadrā, with love, was joined to the Pāṇḍava Arjuna; and the son of Kuntī satisfied Agni, the bearer of oblations, in the Khāṇḍava forest.
1.61.48
बीभत्सुर्वासुदेवेन सहितो नृपस्तम ।
नातिभारो हि पार्थस्य केशवेन सहाभवत् ॥ १.६१.४८ ॥
O best of kings, Bībhatsu (Arjuna) accompanied by Vāsudeva bore no excessive burden; for the son of Pṛthā, being with Keśava was no weight at all.
1.61.49
व्यवसायसहायस्य विष्णोः शत्रुवधेष्विव ।
पार्थायाग्निर्ददौ चापि गाण्डीवं धनुरुत्तमम् ॥ १.६१.४९ ॥
Just as Viṣṇu aided the undertaking in the slaughter of enemies, Agni also gave Pārtha the finest bow, the Gāṇḍīva.
1.61.50
इषुधी चाक्षयैर्बाणै रथं च कपिलक्षणम् ।
मोक्षयामास बीभत्सुर्मयं यत्र महासुरम् ॥ १.६१.५० ॥
Bībhatsu (Arjuna) had released the two quivers, the inexhaustible arrows, and the chariot marked with a monkey, from where the great Asura Maya was.
1.61.51
स चकार सभां दिव्यां सर्वरत्नसमाचिताम् ।
तस्यां दुर्योधनो मन्दो लोभं चक्रे सुदुर्मतिः ॥ १.६१.५१ ॥
He built a divine assembly hall filled with every kind of jewel, and in it the foolish and ill-minded Duryodhana conceived greed.
1.61.52
ततोऽक्षैर्वञ्चयित्वा च सौबलेन युधिष्ठिरम् ।
वनं प्रस्थापयामास सप्तवर्षाणि पञ्च च ॥ १.६१.५२ ॥
Then, having deceived Yudhiṣṭhira at dice through the son of Subala (Śakuni), he sent them into the forest for seven years and five.
1.61.53
अज्ञातमेकं राष्ट्रे च ततो वर्षं त्रयोदशम् ।
ततश्चतुर्दशे वर्षे याचमानाः स्वकं वसु ॥ १.६१.५३ ॥
Then they were to remain unknown in the kingdom for one year, and then the thirteenth year; and in the fourteenth year they were begging for their own wealth.
1.61.54
नालभन्त महाराज ततो युद्धमवर्तत ।
ततस्ते क्षत्रमुत्साद्य हत्वा दुर्योधनं नृपम् ॥ १.६१.५४ ॥
O great king, they did not obtain it, and then war came about; then, having uprooted the warrior class, they slew the king Duryodhana.
1.61.55
राज्यं विहतभूयिष्ठं प्रत्यपद्यन्त पाण्डवाः ।
इष्ट्वा क्रतूंश्च विविधानश्वमेधादिकान्बहून् ॥ १.६१.५५ ॥
The Pāṇḍavas regained the kingdom, largely ruined, and performed many sacrifices of various kinds, beginning with the horse sacrifice.
1.61.56
धृतराष्ट्रे गते स्वर्गं विदुरे पञ्चतां गते ।
गमयित्वा क्रियां स्वर्ग्यां राज्ञाममिततेजसाम् ॥ १.६१.५६ ॥
After Dhṛtarāṣṭra had gone to heaven and Vidura had attained the five elements, having had the rites that lead to heaven performed for those kings of immeasurable splendor.
1.61.57
स्वं धाम याते वार्ष्णेये कृष्णदारान्प्ररक्ष्य च ।
महाप्रस्थानिकं कृत्वा गताः स्वर्गमनुत्तमम् ॥ १.६१.५७ ॥
When the Vṛṣṇi (Kṛṣṇa) had gone to his own abode, and they had protected Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) and the other women, they made the great departure and went to the supreme heaven.
1.61.58
एवमेतत्पुरावृत्तं तेषामक्लिष्टकर्मणाम् ।
भेदो राज्यविनाशश्च जयश्च जयतांवर ॥ १.६१.५८ ॥
Thus is this ancient history of those of effortless deeds: division, the ruin of the kingdom, and victory, O best of victors.