Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.73
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1.73.1
यः परेषां नरो नित्यमतिवादांस्तितिक्षते ।
देवयानि विजानीहि तेन सर्वमिदं जितम् ॥ १.७३.१ ॥
The man who always endures the harsh words of others — know this, Devayānī: by him all this is conquered.
1.73.2
यः समुत्पतितं क्रोधं निगृह्णाति इयं यथा ।
स यन्तेत्युच्यते सद्भिर्न यो रश्मिषु लम्बते ॥ १.७३.२ ॥
He who thus restrains anger that has arisen is called a charioteer by the good — not one who hangs on the reins.
1.73.3
यः समुत्पतितं क्रोधमक्रोधेन निरस्यति ।
देवयानि विजानीहि तेन सर्वमिदं जितम् ॥ १.७३.३ ॥
He who casts out arisen anger by non-anger — know this, Devayānī: by him all this is conquered.
1.73.4
यः समुत्पतितं क्रोधं क्षमयेह निरस्यति ।
यथोरगस्त्वचं जीर्णां स वै पुरुष उच्यते ॥ १.७३.४ ॥
He who here casts out arisen anger by forgiveness, as a serpent sheds its old worn skin — he indeed is called a man.
1.73.5
यः संधारयते मन्युं योऽतिवादांस्तितिक्षते ।
यश्च तप्तो न तपति दृढं सोऽर्थस्य भाजनम् ॥ १.७३.५ ॥
He who holds back anger, who endures harsh words, and who, though tormented, does not torment others — he is firmly a vessel of wealth and benefit.
1.73.6
यो यजेदपरिश्रान्तो मासिमासि शतं समाः ।
न क्रुद्ध्येद्यश्च सर्वस्य तयोरक्रोधनोऽधिकः ॥ १.७३.६ ॥
He who sacrifices tirelessly, month after month, for a hundred years, and he who is angry with no one — of these two, the one free from anger is the greater.
1.73.7
तस्मादक्रोधनः श्रेष्ठः कामक्रोधौ विगर्हितौ ।
क्रुद्धस्य निष्फलान्येव दानयज्ञतपांसि च ॥ १.७३.७ ॥
Therefore the one free from anger is best; desire and anger are both condemned. For the angry man, gifts, sacrifices and austerities are indeed fruitless.
1.73.8
तस्मादक्रोधने यज्ञतपोदानफलं महत् ।
भवेदसंशयं भद्रे नेतरस्मिन्कदाचन ॥ १.७३.८ ॥
Therefore the fruit of sacrifice, austerity and gift is great in one free from anger, O gentle one, without doubt; in the other it is never so.
1.73.9
न यतिर्न तपस्वी च न यज्वा न च धर्मभाक् ।
क्रोधस्य यो वशं गच्छेत्तस्य लोकद्वयं न च ॥ १.७३.९ ॥
He who falls under the sway of anger is neither an ascetic, nor an austere one, nor a sacrificer, nor a sharer in dharma; for him there are not both worlds.
1.73.10
पुत्रो भृत्यः सुहृद्भ्राता भार्या धर्मश्च सत्यता ।
तस्यैतान्यपयास्यन्ति क्रोधशीलस्य निश्चितम् ॥ १.७३.१० ॥
Son, servant, friend, brother, wife, dharma and truthfulness — all of these will certainly depart from the man of angry nature.
1.73.11
यत्कुमाराः कुमार्यश्च वैरं कुर्युरचेतसः ।
न तत्प्राज्ञोऽनुकुर्वीत न विदुस्ते बलाबलम् ॥ १.७३.११ ॥
If boys and girls, being thoughtless, make enmity, the wise man should not imitate that; they do not know their strength and weakness.
1.73.12
वेदाहं तात बालाऽपि धर्माणां यदिहान्तरम् ।
अक्रोधे चातिवादे च वेद चापि बलाबलम् ॥ १.७३.१२ ॥
Father, though I am but a young girl, I know the difference between the dharmas here; I also know the strength and weakness in freedom from anger and in bearing insult.
1.73.13
स्ववृत्तिमननुष्ठाय धर्ममुत्सृज्य तत्त्वतः ।
शिष्यस्याशिष्यवृत्तेस्तु न क्षन्तव्यं बुभूषता ॥ १.७३.१३ ॥
A student who does not perform his own duty, who has truly abandoned dharma, and whose conduct is not that of a student, should not be forgiven by one who desires prosperity.
1.73.14
प्रेष्यः शिष्यः स्ववृत्तिं हि विसृज्य विफलं गतः ।
तस्मात्संकीर्णवृत्तेषु वासो मम न रोचते ॥ १.७३.१४ ॥
Like a servant or student who has abandoned his own occupation and gone in vain, I do not like to dwell among those of mixed conduct.
1.73.15
पुमांसो ये हि निन्दन्ति वृत्तेनाभिजनेन च ।
न तेषु निवसेत्प्राज्ञः श्रेयोऽर्थी पापबुद्धिषु ॥ १.७३.१५ ॥
Men who revile others for their conduct or their lineage — a wise man who seeks welfare should not dwell among such evil-minded people.
1.73.16
ये त्वेनमभिजानन्ति वृत्तेनाभिजनेन वा ।
तेषु साधुषु वस्तव्यं स वासः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते ॥ १.७३.१६ ॥
Those who know him well, by his conduct or by his lineage — among such good people one should dwell; that dwelling is said to be the best.
1.73.17
सुयन्त्रितपरा नित्यं विहीनाश्च धनैर्वराः ।
दुर्वृत्ताः पापकर्माणश्चण्डाला धनिनोपि च ॥ १.७३.१७ ॥
There are excellent men who are always well-restrained yet lack wealth; but those of bad conduct who do evil deeds are outcastes, even if they are rich.
1.73.18
नैव जात्या हि चण्डालाः स्वकर्मविहितैर्विना ।
धनाभिजनविद्यासु सक्ताश्चण्डालधर्मिणः ॥ १.७३.१८ ॥
No one is an outcaste by birth alone, nor without the conduct prescribed by his own deeds; those attached to wealth, lineage and learning have the nature of outcastes.
1.73.19
अकारणाश्च द्वेष्यन्ति परिवादं वदन्ति ते ।
साधोस्तत्र न वासोस्ति पापिभिः पापतां व्रजेत् ॥ १.७३.१९ ॥
Without cause they hate and speak reproach. There is no dwelling there for a good man; one who lives among the wicked falls into wickedness.
1.73.20
सुकृते दुष्कृते वापि यत्र सज्जति यो नरः ।
ध्रुवं रतिर्भवेत्तस्य तस्माद्द्वेषं न रोचयेत् ॥ १.७३.२० ॥
Wherever a man clings, whether to a good deed or a bad, there surely his delight will be. Therefore one should not favour hatred.
1.73.21
वाग्दुरुक्तं महाघोरं दुहितुर्वृषपर्वणः ।
मम मथ्नाति हृदयमग्निकाम इवारणिम् ॥ १.७३.२१ ॥
The harsh and most dreadful words of Vṛṣaparvan's daughter churn my heart, as a man desiring fire churns the fire-stick.
1.73.22
न ह्यतो दुष्करतरं मन्ये लोकेष्वपि त्रिषु ।
यः सपत्नश्रियं दीप्तां हीनश्रीः पर्युपासते ॥ १.७३.२२ ॥
I think there is nothing more difficult, even in the three worlds, than that one bereft of splendour should wait upon a rival's blazing splendour.
1.73.23
मरणं शोभनं तस्य इति विद्वज्जना विदुः ।
अवमानमवाप्नोति शनैर्नीचसमागमात् ॥ १.७३.२३ ॥
Wise people know that death is better for such a one; through association with the base, disgrace is gradually obtained.
1.73.24
अतिवादा वक्त्रतो निःसरन्ति ।
यैराहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि।
परस्य वै मर्मसु ते पतन्ति ।
तस्माद्धीरो नैव मुच्येत्परेषु ॥ १.७३.२४ ॥
Harsh speeches issue from the mouth; struck by them, a man grieves night and day. They fall upon the vital spots of others; therefore the steady man is never freed from others' (such blows).
1.73.25
निरोहेदायुधैश्छिन्नं संरोहेद्दग्धमाग्निना ।
वाक्क्षतं च न संरोहेदाशरीरं शरीरिणाम् ॥ १.७३.२५ ॥
A wound cut by weapons can heal, and one burnt by fire can heal; but a wound of speech does not heal, for it does not reach the body of embodied beings.
1.73.26
संरोहित शरैर्विद्धं नवं परशुना हतम् ।
वाचा दुरुक्तं बीभत्सं न संरोहेत वाक्क्षतम् ॥ १.७३.२६ ॥
A wound pierced by arrows, or a fresh blow from an axe, can heal; but a wound of speech, caused by a harsh and shameful word spoken, does not heal.