Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.76
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1.76.1
ययातिः स्वपुरं प्राप्य महेन्द्रपुरसंनिभम् ।
प्रविश्यान्तःपुरं तत्र देवयानीं न्यवेशयत् ॥ १.७६.१ ॥
Yayāti, having reached his own city, which resembled the city of Mahendra, entered the inner palace and settled Devayānī there.
1.76.2
देवयान्याश्चानुमते सुतां तां वृषपर्वणः ।
अशोकवनिकाभ्याशे गृहं कृत्वा न्यवेशयत् ॥ १.७६.२ ॥
With Devayānī's consent, he had a dwelling built near the Aśoka grove for that daughter of Vṛṣaparvan and settled her there.
1.76.3
वृतां दासीसहस्रेण शर्मिष्ठां वार्षपर्वणीम् ।
वासोभरन्नपानैश्च संविभज्य सुसत्कृताम् ॥ १.७६.३ ॥
Śarmiṣṭhā, the daughter of Vṛṣaparvan, surrounded by a thousand maidservants, was honoured well, with clothing, food and drink distributed to her.
1.76.4
देवयान्या तु सहितः स नृपो नहुषात्मजः ।
प्रीत्या परमया युक्तो मुमुदे शाश्वतीः समाः ॥ १.७६.४ ॥
That king, son of Nahuṣa, together with Devayānī, rejoiced with supreme affection for countless years.
1.76.5
अशोकवनिकामध्ये देवयानी समागता ।
शर्मिष्ठया सा क्रीडित्वा रमणीये मनोरमे ॥ १.७६.५ ॥
In the midst of the Aśoka grove, Devayānī met Śarmiṣṭhā and, playing in that lovely, delightful place, enjoyed herself.
1.76.6
तत्रैव तां तु निर्दिश्य राज्ञा सह ययौ गृहम् ।
एवमेव सह प्रीत्या बहु कालं मुमोद च ॥ १.७६.६ ॥
Pointing her out right there, she went home with the king; in this same way, living together in affection, she rejoiced for a long time.
1.76.7
विजहार बहूनब्दान्देववन्मुदितः सुखी ॥ १.७६.७ ॥
He lived for many years, joyful and happy as a god.
1.76.8
ऋतुकाले तु संप्राप्ते देवयानी वराङ्गना ।
लेभे गर्भं प्रथमतः कुमारं च व्यजायत ॥ १.७६.८ ॥
When the proper season arrived, the excellent woman Devayānī first conceived and gave birth to a son.
1.76.9
गते वर्षसहस्रे तु शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी ।
ददर्श यौवनं प्राप्ता ऋतुं सा चान्वचिन्तयत् ॥ १.७६.९ ॥
After a thousand years had passed, Śarmiṣṭhā reached youth; seeing her season had come, she began to reflect.
1.76.10
शुद्धा स्नाता तु शर्मिष्ठा सर्वालङ्कारशोभिता ।
अशोकशाखामालम्ब्य सुपुष्पस्तबकैर्वृताम् ॥ १.७६.१० ॥
Purified and bathed, Śarmiṣṭhā, adorned with all ornaments, held a branch of an aśoka tree covered with clusters of fine flowers.
1.76.11
आदर्शे मुखमुद्वीक्ष्य भर्तुर्दर्शनलालसा ।
शोकमोहसमाविष्टा वचनं चेदमब्रवीत् ॥ १.७६.११ ॥
Looking at her face in the mirror, longing to see her husband, overwhelmed by grief and confusion, she spoke these words.
1.76.12
अशोक शोकापनुद शोकोपहतचेतसाम् ।
त्वन्नामानं कुरुष्वाद्य प्रियसंदर्शनेन माम्।
एवमुक्तवती सा तु शर्मिष्ठा पुनरब्रवीत् ॥ १.७६.१२ ॥
"O aśoka, remover of sorrow, you who take away the grief of those whose minds are afflicted by sorrow, today make me, by the sight of my beloved, worthy of your name." Having said this, Śarmiṣṭhā spoke again.
1.76.13
ऋतुकालश्च संप्राप्तो न च मेऽस्ति वृतः पतिः ।
किं प्राप्तं किं नु कर्तव्यं किं वा कृत्वा सुखं भवेत् ॥ १.७६.१३ ॥
The fertile season has come, yet I have no husband chosen. What have I gained? What must I now do? By doing what might I find happiness?
1.76.14
देवयानी प्रजाताऽसौ वृथाऽहं प्राप्तयौवना ।
यथा तया वृतो भर्ता तथैवाहं वृणोमि तम् ॥ १.७६.१४ ॥
Devayānī has borne a child, while I, having reached youth, remain in vain. Just as she chose her husband, so too do I choose him.
1.76.15
राज्ञा पुत्रफलं देयमिति मे निश्चिता मतिः ।
अपीदानीं स धर्मात्मा ईयान्मे दर्शनं रहः ॥ १.७६.१५ ॥
My settled mind is that the king should bestow the fruit of a son. Even now, may that righteous-souled one grant me a meeting in private.
1.76.16
केशैर्बध्या तु राजानं याचेऽहं सदृशं पतिम् ।
स्पृहेदिदं देवयानी पुत्रमीक्ष्य पुनःपुनः।
क्रीडन्नन्तःपुरे तस्याः क्वचित्क्षणमवाप्य च ॥ १.७६.१६ ॥
With my hair bound, I beg the king for a husband fitting for me. May Devayānī, seeing this son playing again and again in the inner apartments, long for him, and may she obtain him for a moment.
1.76.17
अथ निष्क्रम्य राजाऽसौ तस्मिन्काले यदृच्छया ।
अशोकवनिकाभ्याशे शर्मिष्ठां प्राप तिष्ठतीम् ॥ १.७६.१७ ॥
Then the king, going out at that time by chance, came upon Śarmiṣṭhā standing near the Aśoka grove.
1.76.18
तमेकं रहिते दृष्ट्वा शर्मिष्ठा चारुहासिनी ।
प्रत्युद्गम्याञ्जलिं कृत्वा राजानं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥ १.७६.१८ ॥
Seeing him alone in a secluded place, the sweetly smiling Śarmiṣṭhā went forward to meet him, joined her palms, and spoke these words to the king.
1.76.19
सोमस्येन्द्रस्य विष्णोर्वा यमस्य वरुणस्य वा ।
तव वा नाहुष गृहे कः स्त्रियं द्रष्टुमर्हति ॥ १.७६.१९ ॥
Whose, of Soma, Indra, Viṣṇu, Yama or Varuṇa, or yours, O son of Nahuṣa — who in your house deserves to look upon a woman?
1.76.20
रूपाभिजनशीलैर्हि त्वं राजन्वेत्थ मां सदा ।
सा त्वां याचे प्रसाद्याहमृतुं देहि नराधिप ॥ १.७६.२० ॥
O king, by beauty, lineage and character you always know me. I beg you, having won your favor — grant me the fertile season, O lord of men.
1.76.21
वेद्मि त्वां शीलसंपन्नां दैत्यकन्यामनिन्दिताम् ।
रूपं च ते न पश्यामि सूच्यग्रमपि निन्दितम् ॥ १.७६.२१ ॥
I know you to be endowed with good character, a daughter of the Daityas, blameless; yet I do not see in your beauty a flaw even the size of a needle's point.
1.76.22
तदाप्रभृति दृष्ट्वा त्वां स्मराम्यनिशमुत्तमे ।
अब्रवीदुशना काव्यो देवयानीं यदाऽवहम्।
नेयमाह्वयितव्या ते शयने वार्षपर्वणी ॥ १.७६.२२ ॥
From that time, having seen you, I constantly remember you, O excellent one. When I took Devayānī, Uśanas, the son of Kavi, said: 'In bed you must not call this daughter of Vṛṣaparvan.'
1.76.23
देवयान्याः प्रियं कृत्वा शर्मिष्ठामपि पोषय ॥ १.७६.२३ ॥
Having done what is dear to Devayānī, support Śarmiṣṭhā as well.
1.76.24
न नर्मयुक्तमनृतं हिनस्ति ।
न स्त्रीषु राजन्न विवाहकाले।
प्राणात्यये सर्वधनापहारे ।
पञ्चानृतान्याहुरपातकानि ॥ १.७६.२४ ॥
A lie told in jest does no harm. O king, with respect to women, at a marriage, at peril of life, and at the seizure of all wealth — these five falsehoods are said to be without sin.
1.76.25
पृष्टं तु साक्ष्ये प्रवदन्तमन्यथा ।
वदन्ति मिथ्या पतितं नरेन्द्र।
एकार्थतायां तु समाहितायां ।
मिथ्या वदन्तं ह्यनृतं हिनस्ति ॥ १.७६.२५ ॥
When questioned as a witness and one speaks otherwise, they call him a liar and a fallen man, O lord of men. But when the matter is one and the mind is steadied, falsehood itself destroys the one who speaks falsely.
1.76.26
अनृतं नानृतं स्त्रीषु परिहासविवाहयोः ।
आत्मप्राणार्थघाते च तदेवोत्तमतां व्रजेत् ॥ १.७६.२६ ॥
A falsehood told to women, in jest, or at a marriage is no falsehood. Even when one's own life or wealth is at stake, that very falsehood becomes the highest virtue.
1.76.27
राजा प्रमाणं भूतानां स नश्येत मृषा वदन् ।
अर्थकृच्छ्रमपि प्राप्य न मिथ्या कर्तुमुत्सहे ॥ १.७६.२७ ॥
A king is the standard for beings; if he speaks falsely he will perish. Even though I am reduced to financial distress, I will not dare to act falsely.
1.76.28
समावेतौ मतो राजन्पतिः सख्याश्च यः पतिः ।
समं विवाहमित्याहुः सख्या मेऽसि वृतः पतिः ॥ १.७६.२८ ॥
O king, a friend's husband and one who is a husband are considered equal. They say marriage is equal; you have been chosen by me as husband of my friend.
1.76.29
सह दत्तास्मि काव्येन देवयान्या मनीषिणा ।
पूज्या पोषयितव्येति न मृषा कर्तुमर्हसि ॥ १.७६.२९ ॥
I have been given together with Devayānī to the wise Kāvya. I am to be honoured and supported; therefore you should not act falsely.
1.76.30
सुवर्णमणिमुक्तानि वस्त्राण्याभरणानि च ।
याचितॄणां ददासि त्वं गोभूम्यादीनि यानि च ॥ १.७६.३० ॥
Gold, gems, pearls, garments, ornaments, cows, land and whatever else there is, you give to those who ask.
1.76.31
बहिःस्थं दानमित्युक्तं न शरीराश्रितं नृप ।
दुष्करं पुत्रदानं च आत्मदानं च दुष्करम् ॥ १.७६.३१ ॥
External gifts alone are called giving, O king, not that which depends on the body. To give a son is difficult, and to give oneself is more difficult still.
1.76.32
शरीरदानात्तत्सर्वं दत्तं भवति मारिष ।
यस्य यस्य यथा कामस्तस्य तस्य ददाम्यहम् ॥ १.७६.३२ ॥
By the gift of the body, all that is given, O noble one. To whomever desires what, to him I give it.
1.76.33
इत्युक्त्वा नगरे राजंस्त्रिकालं घोषितं त्वया ।
त्वयोक्तमनृतं राजन्वृथा घोषितमेव वा।
तत्सत्यं कुरु राजेन्द्र यथा वैश्रवणस्तथा ॥ १.७६.३३ ॥
Having said this, O king, you had it proclaimed three times in the city. What you said, O king, was false, or was proclaimed in vain. O lord of kings, make that true, as Vaiśravaṇa is true.
1.76.34
दातव्यं याचमानेभ्य इति मे व्रतमाहितम् ।
त्वं च याचसि मां कामं ब्रूहि किं करवाणि ते ॥ १.७६.३४ ॥
To those who beg, one must give; this is the vow I have established. You too are asking of me. Tell me your desire, what shall I do for you?
1.76.35
धनं वा यदि वा किंचिद्राज्यं वाऽपि शुचिस्मिते ।
अधर्मात्पाहि मां राजन्धर्मं च प्रतिपादय ॥ १.७६.३५ ॥
Wealth, or something else, or even a kingdom, O you of pure smile. O king, protect me from unrighteousness and establish dharma.
1.76.36
नान्यं वृणे पुत्रकामा पुत्रात्परतरं न च ।
त्वत्तोऽपत्यवती लोके चरेयं धर्ममुत्तमम् ॥ १.७६.३६ ॥
Desiring a son, I choose nothing else, and nothing is higher than a son. Having offspring from you, I may walk the highest dharma in the world.
1.76.37
त्रय एवाधना राजन्भार्या दासस्तथा सुतः ।
यत्ते समधिगच्छन्ति यस्यैते तस्य तद्धनम् ॥ १.७६.३७ ॥
O king, a wife, a slave and a son — these three have no wealth of their own; whatever they obtain belongs to him to whom they belong.
1.76.38
पुत्रार्थं भर्तृपोषार्थं स्त्रियः सृष्टाः स्वयंभुवा ।
अपतिर्वापि या कन्या अनपत्या च या भवेत्।
तासां जन्म वृथा लोके गतिस्तासां न विद्यते ॥ १.७६.३८ ॥
The Self-existent created women for the sake of sons and for supporting their husbands. The birth of a maiden without a husband, or of a woman without children, is in vain in the world; for such women there is no course.
1.76.39
देवयान्या भुजिष्याऽस्मि वश्या च तव भार्गवी ।
सा चाहं च त्वया राजन्भजनीये भजस्व माम् ॥ १.७६.३९ ॥
I am Devayānī's slave-woman, and the Bhārgavī (Devayānī) is subject to you. Both she and I, O king, are fit for your enjoyment; take me.
1.76.40
एवमुक्तस्तु राजा स तथ्यमित्यभिजज्ञिवान् ।
पूजयामास शर्मिष्ठां धर्मं च प्रत्यपादयत् ॥ १.७६.४० ॥
Thus addressed, the king recognized it as the truth; he honoured Śarmiṣṭhā and set forth the dharma.
1.76.41
स समागम्य शर्मिष्ठां यथा काममवाप्य च ।
अन्योन्यं चाभिसंपूज्य जग्मतुस्तौ यथागतम् ॥ १.७६.४१ ॥
Having united with Śarmiṣṭhā and obtained her as he desired, and having mutually honoured one another, the two went back the way they had come.
1.76.42
तस्मिन्समागमे सुभ्रूः शर्मिष्ठा चारुहासिनी ।
लेभे गर्भं प्रथमतस्तस्मान्नृपतिसत्तमात् ॥ १.७६.४२ ॥
In that union, Śarmiṣṭhā of fair brows and sweet smile first conceived a child by that best of kings.
1.76.43
प्रयज्ञे च ततः काले राजन्राजीवलोचना ।
कुमारं देवगर्भाभं राजीवनिभलोचनम् ॥ १.७६.४३ ॥
Then, in due time, O king, the lotus-eyed woman bore a son, radiant like a god's child, with eyes like lotuses.