Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 1.77
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1.77.1
तस्मिन्नक्षत्रसंयोगे शुक्ले पुण्यर्क्षगेन्दुना ।
स राजा मुमुदे सम्राट् तया शर्मिष्ठया सह ॥ १.७७.१ ॥
In that conjunction of lunar mansions, in the bright fortnight, when the moon was in an auspicious mansion, that supreme king rejoiced together with Śarmiṣṭhā.
1.77.2
प्रजानां श्रीरिवाभ्याशे शर्मिष्ठा ह्यभवद्वधूः ।
पन्नगीवोग्ररूपा वै देवयानी ममाप्यभूत् ॥ १.७७.२ ॥
Śarmiṣṭhā, close at hand like the very Śrī of the people, became a wife; and Devayānī, fierce in form like a serpent-woman, became mine too.
1.77.3
पर्जन्य इव सस्यानां देवानाममृतं यथा ।
तद्वन्ममापि संभूता शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी।
इत्येवं मनसा ज्ञात्वा देवयानीमवर्जयत् ॥ १.७७.३ ॥
Just as a rain-cloud is for the crops, and nectar for the gods, so too has Śarmiṣṭhā, like the rain-season festival, been born to me as well. Thinking this in his mind, he set aside Devayānī.
1.77.4
श्रुत्वा कुमारं जातं तु देवयानी शुचिस्मिता ।
चिन्तयामास दुःखार्ता शर्मिष्ठां प्रति भारत ॥ १.७७.४ ॥
Having heard that a son had been born, Devayānī of the pure smile, O Bhārata, afflicted with sorrow, began to brood about Śarmiṣṭhā.
1.77.5
अभिगम्य च शर्मिष्ठां देवयान्यब्रवीदिदम् ।
किमिदं वृजिनं सुभ्रु कृतं वै कामलुब्धया ॥ १.७७.५ ॥
Approaching Śarmiṣṭhā, Devayānī spoke this: 'O fair-browed one, what is this wrong you have done, driven by greed for desire?'
1.77.6
ऋषिरभ्यागतः कश्चिद्धर्मात्मा वेदपारगः ।
स मया वरदः कामं याचितो धर्मसंहितम् ॥ १.७७.६ ॥
Some sage, righteous in soul and master of the Vedas, came as a guest. From that boon-giver I asked, as I desired, a boon in accordance with dharma.
1.77.7
अपत्यार्थे स तु मया वृतो वै चारुहासिनि ।
नाहमन्यायतः काममाचरामि शुचिस्मिते।
तस्मादृषेर्ममापत्यमिति सत्यं ब्रवीमि ते ॥ १.७७.७ ॥
Sharmishtha said: O sweetly smiling one, he was chosen by me for the sake of offspring. O pure-smiling one, I do not act upon desire unjustly. Therefore I tell you truly that the child is the sage's own offspring.
1.77.8
शोभनं भीरु यद्येवमथ स ज्ञायते द्विजः ।
गोत्रनामाभिजनतो वेत्तुमिच्छामि तं द्विजम् ॥ १.७७.८ ॥
Devayani said: O timid one, if that is so, it is well. Now I wish to know that brahmin by his lineage, name and family.
1.77.9
तपसा तेजसा चैव दीप्यमानं यथा रविम् ।
तं दृष्ट्वा मम संप्रष्टुं शक्तिर्नासीच्छुचिस्मिते ॥ १.७७.९ ॥
Sharmishtha said: O pure-smiling one, seeing him shining like the sun with austerity and radiance, I had no power to ask him.
1.77.10
यद्येतदेवं शर्मिष्ठे न मन्युर्विद्यते मम ।
अपत्यं यदि ते लब्धं ज्येष्ठाच्छ्रेष्ठाच्च वै द्विजात् ॥ १.७७.१० ॥
Devayani said: O Sharmishtha, if this is so, there is no anger in me, provided you obtained offspring from an eldest and best of brahmins.
1.77.11
अन्योन्यमेवमुक्त्वा तु संप्रहस्य च ते मिथः ।
जगाम भार्गवी वेश्म तथ्यमित्यवजग्मुषी ॥ १.७७.११ ॥
Having thus spoken to one another and laughed heartily together, accepting it as true, the daughter of Bhṛgu went to her house.
1.77.12
ययातिर्देवयान्यां तु पुत्रावजनयन्नृपः ।
यदुं च तुर्वसुं चैव शक्रविष्णू इवापरौ ॥ १.७७.१२ ॥
King Yayāti begot two sons from Devayānī, Yadu and Turvasu, who were like two other Indras and Viṣṇus.
1.77.13
तस्मिन्काले तु राजर्षिर्ययातिः पृथिवीपतिः ।
माध्वीकरससंयुक्तां मदिरां मदवर्धनीम् ॥ १.७७.१३ ॥
At that time King Yayāti, the royal sage and lord of the earth, [held] a liquor mixed with the juice of honey-wine, which increased intoxication.
1.77.14
पाययामास शुक्रस्य तनयां रक्तपिङ्गलाम् ।
पीत्वा पीत्वा च मदिरां देवयानी मुमोह सा ॥ १.७७.१४ ॥
He caused Devayānī, the daughter of Śukra, of reddish-tawny hue, to drink [the liquor]. Drinking the liquor again and again, Devayānī became confused.
1.77.15
रुदती गायमाना च नृत्यन्ती च मुहुर्मुहुः ।
बहु प्रलपती देवी राजानमिदमब्रवीत् ॥ १.७७.१५ ॥
Weeping, singing, and dancing again and again, the goddess, lamenting much, spoke these words to the king.
1.77.16
राजवद्रूपवेषौ ते किमर्थं त्वमिहागतः ।
केन कार्येण संप्राप्तो निर्जनं गहनं वनम् ॥ १.७७.१६ ॥
Why have you come here, you who have the form and dress of a king? For what business have you arrived in this lonely, dense forest?
1.77.17
द्विजश्रेष्ठ नृपश्रेष्ठो ययातिश्चोग्रदर्शनः ।
तस्मादितः पलायस्व हितमिच्छसि चेद्द्विज ॥ १.७७.१७ ॥
O best of the twice-born, Yayāti, best of kings, has a fierce appearance. Therefore, O twice-born, flee from here, if you wish your own good.
1.77.18
इत्येवं प्रलपन्तीं तां देवयानीं तु नाहुषः ।
भर्त्सयामास वचनैरनर्हां पापवर्धनीम् ॥ १.७७.१८ ॥
Thus lamenting, Devayānī was reproached by Yayāti, son of Nahuṣa, with words that were unbecoming and increased sin.
1.77.19
ततो वर्षवरान्मूकान्व्यङ्गान्वृद्धांश्च पङ्गुकान् ।
रक्षणे देवयान्याः स पोषणे च शशास तान् ॥ १.७७.१९ ॥
Then he appointed the mute, the deformed, the old, the lame, and the eunuchs to guard and maintain Devayānī.
1.77.20
ततस्तु नाहुषो राजा शर्मिष्ठां प्राप्य बुद्धिमान् ।
रेमे च सुचिरं कालं तया शर्मिष्ठया सह ॥ १.७७.२० ॥
Then the wise king, son of Nahuṣa, having obtained Śarmiṣṭhā, enjoyed himself with her for a long time.
1.77.21
तस्मादेव तु राजर्षेः शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी ।
द्रुह्युं चानुं च पूरुं च त्रीन्कुमारानजीजनत् ॥ १.७७.२१ ॥
From that royal sage, Śarmiṣṭhā, daughter of Vṛṣaparvan, bore three sons: Druhyu, Anu and Pūru.
1.77.22
ततः काले तु कस्मिंश्चिद्देवयानी शुचिस्मिता ।
ययातिसहिता राजञ्जगाम रहितं वनम् ॥ १.७७.२२ ॥
Then, O king, at a certain time, Devayānī of the pure smile went with Yayāti into a secluded forest.
1.77.23
ददर्श च तदा तत्र कुमारान्देवरूपिणः ।
क्रीडमानान्सुविश्रब्धान्विस्मिता चेदमब्रवीत् ॥ १.७७.२३ ॥
There she saw boys of godlike form playing fearlessly, and astonished, she said this.
1.77.24
कस्यैते दारका राजन्देवपुत्रोपमाः शुभाः ।
वर्चसा रूपतश्चैव सदृशा मे मतास्तव ॥ १.७७.२४ ॥
Whose are these fair boys, like sons of gods, O king? In splendour and in form they seem to me to be like you.
1.77.25
एवं पृष्ट्वा तु राजानं कुमारान्पर्यपृच्छत ॥ १.७७.२५ ॥
Having thus questioned the king, she then questioned the boys.
1.77.26
तस्मिन्काले तु तच्छ्रुत्वा धात्री तेषां वचोऽब्रवीत् ।
किं न ब्रूत कुमारा वः पितरं वै द्विजर्षभम् ॥ १.७७.२६ ॥
Hearing this, the nurse answered their words: "Boys, why do you not tell of your father, that bull among the twice-born?"
1.77.27
ऋषिश्च ब्राह्मणश्चैव द्विजातिश्चैव नः पिता ।
शर्मिष्ठा नानृतं ब्रूते देवयानि क्षमस्व नः ॥ १.७७.२७ ॥
"Our father is a sage, a brahmin, and twice-born. Śarmiṣṭhā does not speak falsehood. Devayānī, forgive us."
1.77.28
किंनामधेयगोत्रो वः पुत्रका ब्राह्मणः पिता ।
प्रब्रूत तत्त्वतः क्षिप्रं कश्चासौ क्व च वर्तते ॥ १.७७.२८ ॥
"Sons, what is the name and lineage of your brahmin father? Tell me truly and quickly: who is he, and where does he dwell?"
1.77.29
प्रब्रूत मे यथा तथ्यं श्रोतुमिच्छामि तं ह्यहम् ।
एवमुक्ताः कुमारस्ते देवयान्या सुमध्यया ॥ १.७७.२९ ॥
"Tell me truly as it is; I wish to hear of him." When the slender-waisted Devayānī spoke thus, those boys…
1.77.30
तेऽदर्शयन्प्रदेशिन्या तमेव नृपसत्तमम् ।
शर्मिष्ठां मातरं चैव तथाऽऽचख्युश्च दारकाः ॥ १.७७.३० ॥
They pointed with their forefingers at that very best of kings, and the boys told of their mother Śarmiṣṭhā likewise.
1.77.31
इत्युक्त्वा सहितास्ते तु राजानमुपचक्रमुः ।
नाभ्यनन्दत तान्राजा देवयान्यास्तदान्तिके ॥ १.७७.३१ ॥
Having said this, they all together approached the king, but in Devayānī's presence the king did not welcome them.
1.77.32
रुदन्तस्तेऽथ शर्मिष्ठामभ्ययुर्बालकास्ततः ।
अविब्रुवन्ती किंचिच्च राजानं चारुलोचना ॥ १.७७.३२ ॥
Weeping, the children then went to Śarmiṣṭhā; the fair-eyed woman said nothing, nor did she say anything to the king.
1.77.33
नातिदूराच्च राजानं सा चातिष्ठदवाङ्मुखी ।
श्रुत्वा तेषां तु बालानां सव्रीड इव पार्थिवः ॥ १.७७.३३ ॥
Not far from the king she stood with her face downcast; hearing those children, the king seemed as if ashamed.
1.77.34
प्रतिवक्तुमशक्तोऽभूत्तूष्णींभूतोऽभवन्नृपः ।
दृष्ट्वा तु तेषां बालानां प्रणयं पार्थिवं प्रति ॥ १.७७.३४ ॥
Unable to answer, the king became silent, seeing the children's affection for the king.
1.77.35
बुद्ध्वा तु तत्त्वतो देवी शर्मिष्ठापिदमब्रवीत् ।
अभ्यागच्छति मां कश्चिदृषिरित्येवमब्रवीः ॥ १.७७.३५ ॥
Truly understanding, the goddess Śarmiṣṭhā also said this: 'You said, in this way, that some sage is coming to me.'
1.77.36
ययातिमेवं राजानं त्वं गोपायसि भामिनि ।
पूर्वमेव मया प्रोक्तं त्वया तु वृजिनं कृतम् ॥ १.७७.३६ ॥
'O lady, thus you protect King Yayāti; I had said it before, but you have done wrong.'
1.77.37
मदधीना सती कस्मादकार्षीर्विप्रियं मम ।
तमेवाऽऽसुरधर्मं त्वमास्थिता न बिभेषि मे ॥ १.७७.३७ ॥
Dependent on me, O faithful one, why have you done what displeases me? Having taken up that demonic conduct, do you not fear me?
1.77.38
यदुक्तमृषिरित्येव तत्सत्यं चारुहासिनि ।
न्यायतो धर्मतश्चैव चरन्ती न बिभेमि ते ॥ १.७७.३८ ॥
What was said, that 'he is a sage', is indeed true, O sweet-smiling one. Conducting myself by justice and dharma, I do not fear you.
1.77.39
यदा त्वया वृतो भर्ता वृत एव तदा मया ।
सखीभर्ता हि धर्मेण भर्ता भवति शोभने ॥ १.७७.३९ ॥
When you chose the husband, then indeed I too chose him. For by dharma, O radiant one, a friend's husband becomes one's husband.
1.77.40
पूज्यासि मम मान्या च ज्येष्ठा च ब्राह्मणी ह्यसि ।
त्वत्तोपि मे पूज्यतमो राजर्षिः किं न वेत्थ तत् ॥ १.७७.४० ॥
You are worthy of my honor and respect, and as a Brahmin woman you are also the elder. But more worthy of honor to me than you is the royal sage. Do you not know this?
1.77.41
त्वत्पित्रा मम गुरुणा सह दत्ते उभे शुभे ।
ततो भर्ता च पूज्यश्च पोष्यां पोषयतीह माम् ॥ १.७७.४१ ॥
Your father gave us both, O auspicious one, together with my teacher. Therefore the husband too is to be honored; here he who supports supports me, who am to be supported.
1.77.42
श्रुत्वा तस्यास्ततो वाक्यं देवयान्यब्रवीदिदम् ।
रमस्वेह यथाकामं देव्या शर्मिष्ठया सह ॥ १.७७.४२ ॥
Having heard her words, Devayānī then spoke these words: "Here, delight as you desire with the queen Śarmiṣṭhā."
1.77.43
राजन्नाद्येह वत्स्यामि विप्रियं मे कृतं त्वया ।
इति जज्वाल कोपेन देवयानी ततो भृशम् ॥ १.७७.४३ ॥
"O king, I will not stay here today; you have done me wrong." Thus Devayānī blazed up greatly with anger.
1.77.44
निर्दहन्तीव सव्रीडां शर्मिष्ठां समुदीक्ष्य च ।
अपविध्य च सर्वाणि भूषणान्यसितेक्षणा ॥ १.७७.४४ ॥
Looking at the ashamed Śarmiṣṭhā as if to burn her, and casting off all her ornaments, she of the dark eyes.
1.77.45
सहसोत्पतितां श्यामां दृष्ट्वा तां साश्रुलोचनाम् ।
तूर्णं सकाशं काव्यस्य प्रस्थितां व्यथितस्तदा ॥ १.७७.४५ ॥
Seeing her, dark-complexioned, suddenly risen and quickly departing toward Kāvya (Śukra), her eyes full of tears, then the king was distressed.
1.77.46
अनुवव्राज संभ्रान्तः पृष्ठतः सान्त्वयन्नृपः ।
न्यवर्तत नचैव स्म क्रोधसंरक्तलोचना ॥ १.७७.४६ ॥
The agitated king followed behind her, consoling her; but she, her eyes reddened with anger, did not turn back at all.
1.77.47
अविब्रुवन्ती किंचित्सा राजानं साश्रुलोचना ।
अचिरादेव संप्राप्ता काव्यस्योशनसोऽन्तिकम् ॥ १.७७.४७ ॥
Saying nothing at all to the king, her eyes full of tears, she soon arrived in the presence of Uśanas, Kāvya (Śukra).
1.77.48
सा तु दृष्ट्वै पितरमभिवाद्याग्रतः स्थिता ।
अनन्तरं यायातिस्तु पूजयामास भार्गवम् ॥ १.७७.४८ ॥
She, having seen her father, bowed before him and stood in front. Afterwards Yayāti also honoured the descendant of Bhṛgu.
1.77.49
अधर्मेण जितो धर्मः प्रवृत्तमधरोत्तरम् ।
शर्मिष्ठयाऽतिवृत्ताऽस्मि दुहित्रा वृषपर्वणः ॥ १.७७.४९ ॥
Dharma was conquered by adharma, and the reversed course has prevailed; Śarmiṣṭhā, the daughter of Vṛṣaparvan, has transgressed me.
1.77.50
त्रयोऽस्यां जनिताः पुत्रा राज्ञाऽनेन ययातिना ।
दुर्भगाया मम द्वौ तु पुत्रौ तात ब्रवीमि ते ॥ १.७७.५० ॥
King Yayāti has begotten three sons by her; but I, unfortunate one, have two sons, father, and I tell you this.
1.77.51
धर्मज्ञ इति विख्यात एष राजा भृगूद्वह ।
अतिक्रान्तश्च मर्यादां काव्यैतत्कथयामि ते ॥ १.७७.५१ ॥
This king is renowned as one who knows dharma, yet he has overstepped the boundary; this I tell you, O Kāvya, O best of the Bhṛgus.
1.77.52
धर्मज्ञः सन्महाराज योऽधर्ममकृथाः प्रियम् ।
तस्माज्जरा त्वामचिराद्धर्षयिष्यति दुर्जया ॥ १.७७.५२ ॥
O great king, though you know dharma, you have done unrighteousness for the sake of pleasure; therefore invincible old age will soon overpower you.
1.77.53
ऋतुं वै याचमानाया भगवन्नान्यचेतसा ।
दुहितुर्दानवेन्द्रस्य धर्म्यमेतत्कृतं मया ॥ १.७७.५३ ॥
O revered one, I did this lawfully for the daughter of the lord of the Dānavas, who asked for the season, and not with a mind on another matter.
1.77.54
ऋतुं वै याचमानाया न ददाति पुमानृतुम् ।
भ्रूणहेत्युच्यते ब्रह्मन् स इह ब्रह्मवादिभिः ॥ १.७७.५४ ॥
The man who does not give the season to a woman who asks for it, O Brahmin, is called an embryo-killer here by those who speak of Brahman.
1.77.55
अभिकामां स्त्रियं यश्च गम्यां रहसि याचितः ।
नोपैति स च धर्मेषु भ्रूणहेत्युच्यते बुधैः ॥ १.७७.५५ ॥
He who does not approach, according to dharma, a desiring woman who asks him in private and may be approached, is called an embryo-slayer by the wise.
1.77.56
यद्यद्वृणोति मां कश्चित्तत्तद्देयमिति व्रतम् ।
त्वया च सापि दत्ता मे नान्यं नाथमिहेच्छति ॥ १.७७.५६ ॥
Whatever anyone asks of me, that must be given — this is my vow. You too gave her to me, and she here desires no other lord.
1.77.57
इत्येतानि समीक्ष्याहं कारणानि भृगूद्वह ।
अधर्मभयसंविग्नः शर्मिष्ठामुपजग्मिवान्।
मत्वैतन्मे धर्म इति कृतं ब्रह्मन्क्षमस्व माम् ॥ १.७७.५७ ॥
Having considered these reasons, O best of the Bhṛgus, I, shaken by fear of unrighteousness, went to Śarmiṣṭhā. Believing this to be my duty, I did it; O brahmin, forgive me.
1.77.58
नन्वहं प्रत्यवेक्ष्यस्ते मदधीनोऽसि पार्थिव ।
मिथ्याचारस्य धर्मेषु चौर्यं भवति नाहुष ॥ १.७७.५८ ॥
Surely I shall look into you, for you are dependent on me, O king. O son of Nahuṣa, for one who behaves falsely in matters of dharma, there is the fault of theft.
1.77.59
क्रुद्धेनोशनसा शप्तो ययातिर्नाहुषस्तदा ।
पूर्वं वयः परित्यज्य जरां सद्योऽन्वपद्यत ॥ १.७७.५९ ॥
Cursed by the angry Uśanas, Yayāti, son of Nahuṣa, at once abandoned his youth and fell into old age.
1.77.60
अतृप्तो यौवनस्याहं देवयान्यां भृगूद्वह ।
प्रसादं कुरु मे ब्रह्मञ्जरेयं न विशेच्च माम् ॥ १.७७.६० ॥
O best of the Bhṛgus, I am not yet satisfied with youth and with Devayānī. O brahmin, show me grace: may this old age not enter me.
1.77.61
नाहं मृषा ब्रवीम्येतज्जरां प्राप्तोऽसि भूमिप ।
जरां त्वेतां त्वमन्यस्मिन्संक्रामय यदीच्छसि ॥ १.७७.६१ ॥
Śukra said: I do not speak falsely in this; you have come to old age, O lord of the earth. If you wish, transfer this old age to another.
1.77.62
राज्यभाक्स भवेद्ब्रह्मन्पुण्यभाक्कीर्तिभाक्तथा ।
यो मे दद्याद्वयः पुत्रस्तद्भवाननुमन्यताम् ॥ १.७७.६२ ॥
Yayāti said: O brahmin, the son who gives me his youth shall be a sharer in kingship, a sharer in merit, and likewise a sharer in fame. Let you consent to this.
1.77.63
संक्रामयिष्यसि जरां येथेष्टं नहुषात्मज ।
मामनुध्याय भावेन न च पापमवाप्स्यसि ॥ १.७७.६३ ॥
Śukra said: O son of Nahuṣa, you will transfer old age as you wish. Meditate upon me with devotion, and you will not incur sin.
1.77.64
वयो दास्यति ते पुत्रो यः स राजा भविष्यति ।
आयुष्मान्कीर्तिमांश्चैव बह्वपत्यस्तथैव च ॥ १.७७.६४ ॥
Śukra said: The son who gives you his youth will become a king; he will be long-lived, famed, and likewise have many offspring.