Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 10.1
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10.1.1
नारायणं नमस्कृत्य नरं चैव नरोत्तमम् ।
देवीं सरस्वतीं व्यासं ततो जयमुदीरयेत्
ततस्ते सहिताः सर्वे प्रयाता दक्षिणामुखाः ।
उपास्तमयवेलायां शिबिराभ्याशमागताः ॥ १०.१.१ ॥
Having bowed to Nārāyaṇa, and to Nara, the best of men, to the goddess Sarasvatī and to Vyāsa, one should then recite the Jaya.
10.1.2
विमुच्य वाहांस्त्वरिता भीताः समनुबोधनात् ।
गहनं देशमासाद्य प्रच्छन्ना न्यविशन्त ते ॥ १०.१.२ ॥
Frightened, they hurriedly unyoked the horses; roused from sleep, they reached a dense place and entered it, concealed.
10.1.3
सेनानिवेशमभितो नातिदूरमवस्थिताः ।
निकृत्ता निशितैः शस्त्रैः समन्तात्क्षतविक्षताः।
दीर्घमुष्णं च निःश्वस्य पाण्डवानन्वचिन्तयन् ॥ १०.१.३ ॥
Standing not far around the army's camp, cut on all sides by sharp weapons and wounded all over, sighing long and hot, they began to brood upon the Pāṇḍavas.
10.1.4
श्रुत्वा च निनदं घोरं पाण्डवानां जयैषिणाम् ।
अनुसारभयाद्भीताः प्राङ्मुखाः प्राद्रवन्पुनः ॥ १०.१.४ ॥
Hearing the terrible roar of the Pāṇḍavas, who sought victory, and frightened by fear of pursuit, they fled again, facing east.
10.1.5
ते मुहूर्तात्ततो गत्वा श्रान्तवाहा पिपासिताः ।
नामृष्यन्त महेष्वासाः क्रोधामर्षवशङ्गताः ॥ १०.१.५ ॥
After a moment they went on from there, with weary horses and thirsting; yet the great archers, overcome by anger and indignation, could not bear it.
10.1.6
राज्ञो वधेन सन्तप्ता मुहूर्तं समवस्थिताः ॥ १०.१.६ ॥
Tormented by the slaying of the king, they stood together for a moment.
10.1.7
अश्रद्धेयमिदं कर्म कृतं मीमेन सञ्जय ।
यत्स नागायुतप्राणः पुत्रो मम निपातितः ॥ १०.१.७ ॥
O Sañjaya, this unbelievable deed was done by Bhīma: my son, whose strength was that of ten thousand elephants, has been struck down.
10.1.8
अवध्यः सर्वभूतानां वज्रसंहननो युवा ।
पाण्डवैः समरे पुत्रो निहतो मम निपातितः ॥ १०.१.८ ॥
My son, who could not be slain by any creature, a young man with a body hard as a thunderbolt, has been slain in battle by the Pāṇḍavas and struck down.
10.1.9
न दिष्टमभ्यतिक्रान्तुं शक्यं गावल्गणे नरैः ।
यत्समेत्य रणे पार्थैः पुत्रो मम निपातितः ॥ १०.१.९ ॥
O son of Gavalgaṇa, what is ordained by fate cannot be transgressed by men: having met the sons of Pṛthā in battle, my son has been struck down.
10.1.10
अद्रिसारमयं नूनं हृदयं मम सञ्जय ।
हतं पुत्रशतं श्रुत्वा यन्न दीर्णं सहस्रधा ॥ १०.१.१० ॥
O Sañjaya, surely my heart is made of the essence of stone, since, having heard that a hundred sons were slain, it has not split into a thousand pieces.
10.1.11
कथं हि वृद्धमिथुनं हतपुत्रं भविष्यति ।
न ह्यहं पाण्डुपुत्रस्य विषये वस्तुमुत्सहे ॥ १०.१.११ ॥
How indeed will an aged couple whose sons have been slain go on living? I am not willing to dwell in the realm of the son of Pāṇḍu.
10.1.12
कथं राज्ञः पिता भूत्वा स्वयं राजा च सञ्जय ।
प्रेष्यभूतः प्रवर्तेयं पाण्डवेयस्य शासनात् ॥ १०.१.१२ ॥
O Sañjaya, how should I, who was myself a king and the father of a king, go on living as a servant under the command of the son of Pāṇḍu?
10.1.13
प्रभुज्य पृथिवीं सर्वां स्थिता मूर्धनि सञ्जय ।
कथमद्य भविष्यामि श्रोतुं शक्ष्यामि सञ्जय। ॥ १०.१.१३ ॥
Having enjoyed the whole earth and held kingship upon my head, how shall I be now, O Sañjaya? Shall I even be able to hear this, O Sañjaya?
10.1.14
येन पुत्रशतं पूर्णमेकेन निहतं मम ।
कृतं सत्यं वचस्तस्य विदुरस्य महात्मनः। ॥ १०.१.१४ ॥
By one man my hundred sons were wholly slain; thus the word of the great-souled Vidura came true.
10.1.15
अकुर्वता वचस्तस्य मम पुत्रेण सञ्जय ।
अधर्मेण हते तात पुत्रे दुर्योधने मम। ॥ १०.१.१५ ॥
Through my son who did not heed his word, O Sañjaya; and when my dear son Duryodhana was slain unrighteously.
10.1.16
कृतवर्मा कृपो द्रौणिः किमकुर्वत सञ्जय ॥ १०.१.१६ ॥
What did Kṛtavarman, Kṛpa and the son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman, do, O Sañjaya?
10.1.17
गत्वा तु तावका राजन्नातिदूरं मनस्विनः ।
अपश्यन्त वनं घोरं नानाद्रुमलतावृतम् ॥ १०.१.१७ ॥
Having gone not far, your high-minded men, O king, saw a terrible forest covered with various trees and creepers.
10.1.18
ते मुहूर्तं तु विश्रम्य लब्धतोयैर्हयोत्तमैः ।
सूर्यास्तमयवेलायां कौरवेयस्य शासनात् ॥ १०.१.१८ ॥
Having rested for a moment, with their finest horses given water, at sunset, by the command of the Kaurava, they set out.
10.1.19
नानामृगगणैर्जुष्टं नानापक्षिभिराकुलम् ।
नानाद्रुमलताच्छन्नं नानाव्यालनिषेवितम् ॥ १०.१.१९ ॥
That forest was thronged with herds of many kinds of deer, echoing with many kinds of birds, covered with many trees and creepers, and haunted by many kinds of wild beasts.
10.1.20
नानातोयसमाकीर्णैस्तटाकैरुपशोभितम् ।
पद्मिनीशतसञ्छन्नं नीलोत्पलसमायुतम् ॥ १०.१.२० ॥
That forest was adorned with ponds filled with many kinds of water, covered with hundreds of lotus pools, and abounding in blue lotuses.
10.1.21
प्रविश्य तद्वनं घोरं वीक्षमाणाः समन्ततः ।
शाखासहस्रसञ्छन्नं न्यग्रोधं ददृशुस्ततः ॥ १०.१.२१ ॥
Having entered that dreadful forest and looking all around, they then saw a banyan tree covered with a thousand branches.
10.1.22
उपेत्य तु तदा राजन्न्यग्रोधं ते महारथाः ।
ददृशुर्द्विपदां श्रेष्ठाः श्रेष्ठं तं वै वनस्पतिम् ॥ १०.१.२२ ॥
O king, then those great charioteers, the best of men, approached that banyan tree and saw that tree, the best of trees.
10.1.23
तेऽवतीर्य रथेभ्यश्च विप्रमुच्य च वाजिनः ।
उपस्पृश्य यथान्यायं सन्ध्यामन्वासत प्रभो ॥ १०.१.२३ ॥
They dismounted from their chariots, unyoked and freed the horses, sipped water for purification as the rule prescribes, and performed the twilight rite, O lord.
10.1.24
ततोऽस्तं पर्वतश्रेष्ठमनुप्राप्ते दिवाकरे ।
सर्वस्य जगतो धात्री शर्वरी प्रत्यपद्यत ॥ १०.१.२४ ॥
Then, as the sun drew near to setting toward Astācala, the best of mountains, night, the nurturer of all the world, came on.
10.1.25
ग्रहनक्षत्रताराभिः प्रकीर्णाभिरलङ्कृतम् ।
नभोंऽशुकमिवाभाति प्रेक्षणीयं समन्ततः ॥ १०.१.२५ ॥
The sky, adorned with scattered planets, constellations and stars, shone on all sides like a garment fit to be gazed upon.
10.1.26
इच्छया ते प्रवल्गन्ति ये सत्वा रात्रिचारिणः ।
दिवाचराश्च ये सत्वास्ते निद्रावशमागताः ॥ १०.१.२६ ॥
The creatures that roam by night began to roam at will, and those that roam by day came under the power of sleep.
10.1.27
रात्रिञ्चराणां सत्वानां निनादोऽभूत्सुदारुणः ।
क्रव्यादाश्च प्रमुदिता घोरा प्राप्ता च शर्वरी ॥ १०.१.२७ ॥
A most dreadful cry arose from the creatures that roam by night; the flesh-eaters rejoiced, and the terrible night had come.
10.1.28
तस्मिन्रात्रिमुखे घोरे दुःखशोकसमन्विताः ।
कृतवर्मा कृपो द्रौणिरुपोपविविशुः समम् ॥ १०.१.२८ ॥
At the beginning of that terrible night, Kṛtavarman, Kṛpa and the son of Droṇa, filled with sorrow and grief, sat down together nearby.
10.1.29
उपोपविष्टाः शोचन्तो न्यग्रोधस्य समीपतः ।
तमेवार्थमतिक्रान्तं कुरुपाण्डवयोः क्षयम् ॥ १०.१.२९ ॥
Seated near the banyan tree, grieving, they kept thinking of that very matter, the destruction of the Kurus and Pāṇḍavas, now already past.
10.1.30
निद्रया च परीताङ्गा निषेदुर्धरणीतले ।
श्रमेण सुदृढं युक्ता विक्षता विविधैः शरैः ॥ १०.१.३० ॥
With their limbs overcome by sleep, they sat or lay down on the bare earth, sorely worn by fatigue and wounded by various arrows.
10.1.31
ततो निद्रावशं प्राप्तौ कृपभोजौ महाबालौ ।
सुखोचितावदुःखार्हौ निषण्णौ धरणीतले ॥ १०.१.३१ ॥
Then Kṛpa and Bhoja, the very mighty ones, overcome by sleep, accustomed to comfort and not fit for sorrow, sat down upon the surface of the earth.
10.1.32
तौ तु सुप्तौ महाराज तस्मिन्देशे महारथौ ।
महार्हशयनोपेतौ भूमावेव ह्यनाथवत् ॥ १०.१.३२ ॥
Those two great charioteers, O great king, slept in that place, though fit for costly beds, they lay upon the bare ground like the unprotected.
10.1.33
क्रोधामर्षवशं प्राप्तो द्रोणपुत्रस्तु भारत ।
न वै स्म स जगामाथ निद्रां सर्प इव श्वसन् ॥ १०.१.३३ ॥
But the son of Droṇa, O Bhārata, overcome by wrath and impatience, did not fall asleep; he kept breathing like a serpent.
10.1.34
न लेभे स तु निद्रां वै दह्यमानोऽतिमन्युना ।
वीक्षाञ्चक्रे महाबाहुस्तद्वनं घोरदर्शनम् ॥ १०.१.३४ ॥
But he, burning with excessive anger, obtained no sleep at all; the mighty-armed one kept gazing at that forest, terrible to behold.
10.1.35
वीक्षमाणो वनोद्देशं नानासत्वैर्निषेवितम् ।
अपश्यत महाबाहुर्न्यग्रोधं वायसावृतम् ॥ १०.१.३५ ॥
While looking over that region of the forest, frequented by many kinds of creatures, the mighty-armed one saw a banyan tree covered with crows.
10.1.36
तत्र काकसहस्राणि तां निशां पर्यणामयन् ।
सुखं स्वपन्तः कौरव्य पृथक्पृथगुपाश्रयाः ॥ १०.१.३६ ॥
There thousands of crows were passing that night, O descendant of Kuru, each sleeping happily in its own separate roost.
10.1.37
सुप्तेषु तेषु काकेषु विस्रब्धेषु समन्ततः ।
सोऽपश्यत्सहसा यान्तमुलूकं घोरदर्शनम् ॥ १०.१.३७ ॥
While those crows slept, unwary all around, he suddenly saw an owl coming, terrible to behold.
10.1.38
महास्वनं महाकायं हर्यक्षं बभ्रुपिङ्गलम् ।
सुतीक्ष्णघोणानखरं सुपर्णमिव वेगितम् ॥ १०.१.३८ ॥
Loud-voiced, great-bodied, tawny and brown-eyed, with a very sharp beak and claws, rushing swiftly like Garuḍa.
10.1.39
सोऽथ शब्दं मृदुं कृत्वा लीयमान इवाण्डजः ।
न्यग्रोधस्य ततः साखां पातयामास भारत ॥ १०.१.३९ ॥
Then he made a soft sound, crouching like a hidden bird, and, O Bhārata, caused a branch of the banyan tree to fall.
10.1.40
सन्निपत्य तु शाखायां न्यग्रोधस्य विहङ्गमः ।
सुप्ताञ्जघान विस्रब्धान्वायसान्वायसान्तकः ॥ १०.१.४० ॥
Swooping down upon a branch of the banyan tree, that bird, the destroyer of crows, struck down the unwary crows as they slept.
10.1.41
केषाञ्चिदच्छिनत्पक्षाञ्शिरांसि च चकर्त ह ।
चरणांश्चैव केषाञ्चिद्बभञ्ज चरणायुधः ॥ १०.१.४१ ॥
Some it stripped of their wings, and indeed it severed the heads of some, and broke the feet of others, its weapons being its feet.
10.1.42
क्षणेनाघ्नत्स बलवान्येऽस्य दृष्टिपथे स्थिताः ॥ १०.१.४२ ॥
In a moment the mighty one struck down all those who stood within the path of its sight.
10.1.43
तेषां शरीरावयवैः शरीरैश्च विशाम्पते ।
न्यग्रोधमण्डलं सर्वं सञ्छन्नं पर्वतोपमम् ॥ १०.१.४३ ॥
O lord of men, with their bodies and the limbs of their bodies the whole banyan-tree circle was covered, like a mountain.
10.1.44
तांस्तु हत्वा ततः काकान्कौशिको मुदितोऽभवत् ।
प्रतिकृत्य यथाकामं शत्रूणां शत्रुसूदनः ॥ १०.१.४४ ॥
Having killed those crows, the owl was delighted; the destroyer of enemies, as he wished, returned the blow upon his foes.
10.1.45
तद्दृष्ट्वा तादृशं कर्म कौशिकेन कृतं निशि ।
तद्भावे कृतसङ्कल्पो द्रौणिरेकोऽन्वचिन्तयत् ॥ १०.१.४५ ॥
Seeing such a deed done by the owl at night, the son of Droṇa, resolved in that same purpose, reflected alone.
10.1.46
उपदेशः कृतोऽनेन पक्षिणा मम संयुगे ।
शत्रूणां क्षपणं युक्तं प्राप्तः कालश्च मे मतः ॥ १०.१.४६ ॥
This bird has given me instruction in battle: the destruction of the enemies is fitting, and in my judgment the time has come for me.
10.1.47
नाद्य शक्यं मया हन्तुं पाण्डवा जितकाशिनः ।
बलवन्तः कृतोत्साहा लब्धलक्षाः प्रहारिणः ॥ १०.१.४७ ॥
Today it is not possible for me to slay the Pāṇḍavas: they think themselves victorious, they are strong, full of zeal, have found their aim, and are striking warriors.
10.1.48
राज्ञः सकाशे तेषां च प्रतिज्ञातो वधो मया ।
पतङ्गाग्निसमां वृत्तिमास्यायात्मविनाशिनीम् ॥ १०.१.४८ ॥
In the presence of the king, I have vowed their slaying; adopting a course of conduct like the moth's fire, self-destructive.
10.1.49
न्यायतो युध्यमानस्य प्राणत्यागो न संशयः ।
छद्मना तु भवेत्सिद्विः शत्रूणां च क्षयो महान् ॥ १०.१.४९ ॥
For one who fights justly, the giving up of life is certain. But by deceit success may come, and the great destruction of enemies.
10.1.50
तत्र सशयितादर्थाद्योऽर्थो निःसंशयो भवेत् ।
तं जना बहुमन्यन्ते येऽर्थशास्त्रविशारदाः ॥ १०.१.५० ॥
In such a case, the aim that is certain is highly valued by those skilled in the science of statecraft, over an aim that is doubtful.
10.1.51
यच्चाप्यत्र भवेत्कार्यं गर्हितं लोकनिन्दितम् ।
कर्तव्यं तन्मनुष्येण क्षत्रधर्मेण वर्तता ॥ १०.१.५१ ॥
And whatever deed here may be reproachable and censured by the world, that must be done by a man who conducts himself by the duty of a warrior.
10.1.52
निन्दितानि च कर्माणि कुत्सितानि पदेपदे ।
सोपधानि कृतान्येव पाण्डवैरकृतात्मभिः ॥ १०.१.५२ ॥
At every step, the blameworthy and despicable deeds were indeed done with deceit by the Pāṇḍavas, whose minds were not restrained.
10.1.53
अस्मिन्नर्थे पुरा गीताः श्रूयन्ते धर्मवित्तमैः ।
श्लोका न्यायमवेक्षद्भिस्तत्त्वार्थास्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः ॥ १०.१.५३ ॥
On this matter, verses sung long ago by the greatest knowers of dharma are heard, sung by seers of truth who looked to justice and understood the true meaning.
10.1.54
परिश्रान्ते विदीर्णे वा भुञ्जाने वाऽपि शत्रुभिः ।
प्रस्थाने वा प्रवेशे वा प्रहर्तव्यं रिपोर्बलम् ॥ १०.१.५४ ॥
When exhausted, when broken, or when being consumed by enemies, or when departing or when entering, the enemy's force should be struck.
10.1.55
निद्रार्तमर्धरात्रे च तथा नष्टप्रणायकम् ।
भिन्नयोधं बलं यच्च द्विधा युक्तं च यद्भवेत् ॥ १०.१.५५ ॥
An army afflicted with sleep, at midnight, whose leader is lost, whose warriors are scattered, or which is divided in two.
10.1.56
इत्येवं निश्चयं चक्रे सुप्तानां निशि मारणे ।
पाण्डूनां सह पाञ्चालैर्द्रोणपुत्रः प्रतापवान् ॥ १०.१.५६ ॥
Thus the mighty son of Droṇa resolved to slay the sleeping Pāṇḍavas together with the Pāñcālas in the night.
10.1.57
स क्रूरां मतिमास्थाय विनिश्चित्य मुहुर्मुहुः ।
सुप्तौ प्राबोधयत्तौ तु मातुलं भोजमेव च ॥ १०.१.५७ ॥
Having taken up a cruel purpose and resolved again and again, he woke the two who were sleeping — his maternal uncle and Bhoja (Kṛtavarman).
10.1.58
तौ प्रबुद्धौ महात्मानौ कृपभोजौ महाबालौ ।
नोत्तरं प्रतिपद्येतां तत्र युक्तं हिया वृतौ ॥ १०.१.५८ ॥
The two awakened great-souled ones, Kṛpa and Bhoja, both very powerful, gave no reply there; they were overcome with shame.
10.1.59
स मुहूर्तमिव ध्यात्वा तावुभौ वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥ १०.१.५९ ॥
Having reflected for a moment, he spoke these words to both of them.
10.1.60
हतो दुर्योधनो राजा एकवीरो मबाहलः ।
यस्यार्थे वैरमस्माभिरासक्तं पाण्डवैः सह ॥ १०.१.६० ॥
King Duryodhana has been slain — the one hero, … (bāhu) — for whose sake we had been engaged in enmity with the Pāṇḍavas.
10.1.61
एकाकी बहुभिः क्षुद्रैराहवे शुद्धविक्रमः ।
पातितो भीमसेनेन एकादशचमूपतिः ॥ १०.१.६१ ॥
Alone, amid many base men in battle, of pure valour, the lord of eleven divisions was felled by Bhīmasena.
10.1.62
वृकोदरेण क्षुद्रेण सुनृशंसमिदं कृतम् ।
मूर्धाभिषिक्तस्य शिरः पादेन परिमृद्गता ॥ १०.१.६२ ॥
The base Vṛkodara did this most cruelly: the head of the anointed king was trampled under foot.
10.1.63
विनर्दन्ति च पाञ्चालाः क्ष्वेलन्ति च हसन्ति च ।
धमन्ति शङ्खाञ्शतशो हृष्टा घ्नन्ति च दुन्दुभीन् ॥ १०.१.६३ ॥
The Pañcālas, joyful, roar, whoop and laugh, blow hundreds of conches and strike the kettledrums.
10.1.64
वादित्रघोषस्तुमुलो विमिश्रः शङ्खनिःस्वनैः ।
अनिलेनेरितो घोरो दिशः पूरयतीव ह ॥ १०.१.६४ ॥
The tumultuous din of instruments, mingled with conch-blasts and driven by the wind, terrible, as if filling the quarters.
10.1.65
अश्वानां हेषमाणानां गजानां चैव बृंहताम् ।
सिंहनादश्च शूराणां श्रूयते सुमहानयम् ॥ १०.१.६५ ॥
The neighing of horses, the trumpeting of elephants, and the lion-roar of heroes — this very great sound is heard.
10.1.66
दिशं प्राचीं समाश्रित्य हृष्टानां गच्छतां भृशम् ।
रथनेमिस्वनाश्चैव श्रूयन्ते रोमहर्षणाः ॥ १०.१.६६ ॥
Turning toward the eastern quarter, the joyful men hasten onward greatly, and the chariot-rim sounds, hair-raising, are heard.
10.1.67
पाण्डवैर्धार्तराष्ट्राणां यदिदं कदनं कृतम् ।
वयमेव त्रयः शिष्टा अस्मिन्महति वैशसे ॥ १०.१.६७ ॥
Of the carnage the Pāṇḍavas have wrought upon the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, in this great destruction only the three of us remain.
10.1.68
केचिन्नागशतप्राणाः केचित्सर्वास्त्रकोविदाः ।
निहताः पाण्डवैर्यस्मिन्मन्ये कालस्य पर्ययम् ॥ १०.१.६८ ॥
Some had the strength of a hundred elephants, others were masters of every weapon; in that battle the Pāṇḍavas slew them. I think this is a reversal of time.
10.1.69
एवमेतेन भाव्यं हि नूनं कार्येण तत्त्वतः ।
यथा ह्यस्येदृशी निष्ठा कृते यत्नेऽपि दुष्करे ॥ १०.१.६९ ॥
Surely it had to be so, for in truth it is by destiny that such an end came about; even when a most difficult effort was made, the outcome was thus.
10.1.70
भवतोस्तु यदि प्रज्ञा न मोहादपचीयते ।
व्यसनेऽस्मिन्महत्यर्थे यन्नः श्रेयस्तदुच्यताम् ॥ १०.१.७० ॥
If your understanding has not been diminished by delusion, then tell us what is for our welfare in this great calamity.