Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 11.8
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11.8.1
विदुरस्य तु तद्वाक्यं निशम्य कुरुसत्तमः ।
पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तः पपात भुवि मूर्छितः
गते भगवति व्यासे धृतराष्ट्रो महीपतिः ।
किमचेष्टत विप्रर्षे तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥ ११.८.१ ॥
Hearing these words of Vidura, the best of the Kurus, tormented by grief for his sons, fell to the ground in a swoon. O sage among brahmins, tell me what King Dhṛtarāṣṭra did when the revered Vyāsa had departed.
11.8.2
तं तथा पतितं भूमौ निःसंज्ञं प्रेक्ष्य बान्धवाः ।
कृष्णद्वैपायनश्चैव क्षत्ता च विदुरस्तथा
तथैव कौरवो राजा धर्मपुत्रो महामनाः ।
कृपप्रभृतयश्चैव किमकुर्वत ते त्रयः ॥ ११.८.२ ॥
Seeing him fallen to the ground thus, senseless, his kinsmen, Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana, the steward Vidura, likewise the Kaurava king Dharmaputra of great mind, and Kṛpa and the others — what did those three do?
11.8.3
सञ्जयः सुहृदश्चान्ये द्वास्था ये चास्य सम्मताः ।
जलेन सुखशीतेन तालवृन्तैश्च भारत
अश्वत्थाम्नः श्रुतं कर्म शापश्चान्योन्यकारितः ।
वृत्तान्तमुत्तरं ब्रूहि यदभाषत सञ्जयः ॥ ११.८.३ ॥
Sañjaya, his friends, and the other door-keepers held in esteem by him, with cool pleasant water and palm-leaf fans — O Bhārata, the deed of Aśvatthāman was heard of, and the curse they laid upon one another. Tell me the further account that Sañjaya related.
11.8.4
पस्पर्शुश्च करैर्गात्रं वीजमानाश्च यत्नतः ।
अन्वासत चिरं कालं धृतराष्ट्रं तथाविधम्
हते दुर्योधने चैव हते सैन्ये च सर्वशः ।
सञ्जयो विगतप्रज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रमुपस्थितः ॥ ११.८.४ ॥
They touched his body with their hands and fanned him with care, and for a long time they attended upon Dhṛtarāṣṭra in that condition. When Duryodhana had been slain and the army wholly destroyed, Sañjaya, bereft of wisdom, approached Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
11.8.5
अथ दीर्घस्य कालस्य लब्धस़ञ्ज्ञो महीपतिः ।
विललाप चिरं कालं पुत्राधिभिरभिप्लुतः
आगम्य नानादेशेभ्यो नानाजनपदेश्वराः ।
पितृलोकं गता राजन्सर्वे तव सुतैः सह ॥ ११.८.५ ॥
Then, after a long time, the king regained his senses and, overwhelmed by grief for his sons, lamented for a long while. O king, all the lords of many realms who had come from many lands had gone to the world of the fathers together with your sons.
11.8.6
धिगस्तु खलु मानुष्यं मानुष्ये च परिग्रहम् ।
यतोमूलानि दुःखानि सम्भवन्ति पुनःपुनः
याच्यमानेन सततं तव पुत्रेण भारत ।
घातिता पृथिवी सर्वा वैरस्यान्तं विधित्सता ॥ ११.८.६ ॥
Shame indeed upon human existence and upon attachment to humans, from whose roots sorrows arise again and again. O Bhārata, when your son constantly kept demanding, he who sought an end to enmity had the whole earth destroyed.
11.8.7
मित्रनाशेऽर्थनाशे च ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिनामपि ।
प्राप्यते सुमहद्दुःखं विषाग्निप्रतिमं विभो
पुत्राणामथ पौत्राणां पितॄणां च महीपते ।
आनुपूर्व्येण सर्वेषां प्रेतकार्याणि कारय ॥ ११.८.७ ॥
O mighty one, in the loss of friends, in the loss of wealth, and in the loss of kinsmen and relatives, great sorrow is suffered, like poison and fire. O lord of the earth, have the funeral rites performed in due order for all of them: for the sons, the grandsons and the fathers.
11.8.8
येन दह्यन्ति गात्राणि येन प्रज्ञा विनश्यति ।
येनाभिभूतः पुरुषो मरणं प्रतिपद्यते
तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं घोरं सञ्जयस्य महीपतिः ।
गतासुरिव निश्चेष्टो न्यपतत्पृथिवीतले ॥ ११.८.८ ॥
By which the limbs are burned, by which understanding is destroyed, and by which a man overcome meets death: having heard those dreadful words of Sañjaya, the lord of the earth fell motionless to the ground, as if lifeless.
11.8.9
तदिदं मरणं प्राप्तं मया भाग्यविपर्ययात् ।
तस्यान्तं नाधिगच्छामि ऋते प्राणविमोक्षणात्
तं शयानमुपागम्य पृथिव्यां पृथिवीपतिम् ।
विदुरः सर्वधर्मज्ञ इदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ ११.८.९ ॥
This death has come upon me through a reversal of fortune; I find no end to it except through the release of life. Approaching that lord of the earth lying on the ground, Vidura, who knows all dharma, spoke these words.
11.8.10
तच्चैवाहं करिष्यामि अद्यैव द्विजसत्तम ।
इत्युक्त्वा तु महात्मानं पितरं ब्रह्मवित्तमम्
उत्तिष्ठ राजन्किं शेषे मा शुचो भरतर्षभ ।
एषा वै सर्वसत्वानां लोकेश्वर परा गतिः ॥ ११.८.१० ॥
"I will do this today, best of the twice-born." Having said this, he spoke to his father, the great-souled one, the best of those who know Brahman: "Rise, king, why do you lie there? Do not grieve, bull of the Bharatas. This is the supreme goal of all beings, lord of the worlds."
11.8.11
धृतराष्ट्रोऽभवन्मूढः स शोकं परमं गतः ।
अभूच्च तूष्णीं राजाऽसौ ध्यायमानो महीपतिः
अभावादीनि भूतानि भावमध्यानि भारत ।
अभावनिधनान्येव तत्र का परिदेवना ॥ ११.८.११ ॥
Dhṛtarāṣṭra became bewildered and fell into supreme grief. That king, lord of the earth, became silent and lost in thought. O Bhārata, beings begin in non-existence, stand in the middle in existence, and end in non-existence. Why then lament there?
11.8.12
तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा कृष्णद्वैपायनः प्रभुः ।
पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तं पुत्रं वचनमब्रवीत्
न शोचन्मृतमन्वेति न शोचन्म्रियते नरः ।
एवं सांसिद्धिके लोके किमर्थमनुशोचसि ॥ ११.८.१२ ॥
Having heard his words, the lord Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana spoke these words to his son, who was tormented by grief for his son: "A man who does not grieve does not follow the dead, and a man who does not grieve does not die. Why do you grieve in this world of perfection?"
11.8.13
धृतराष्ट्र महाबाहो शृणु वक्ष्यामि पुत्रक ।
श्रुतवानसि मेधावी धर्मार्थकुशलः प्रभो
अयुध्यमानो म्रियते युध्यमानस्तु जीवति ।
कालं प्राप्य महाराज न कश्चिदतिवर्तते ॥ ११.८.१३ ॥
Hear me, mighty-armed Dhṛtarāṣṭra, my son. You are learned and wise, lord, skilled in dharma and worldly affairs. He who does not fight also dies, and he who fights also lives. Great king, when time arrives, no one transgresses it.
11.8.14
न तेऽस्त्यविदितं किञ्चिद्वेदितव्यं परन्तप ।
अनित्यतां हि भूतानां विजानासि न संशयः
कालः कर्षति भूतानि सर्वाणि विविधानि च ।
न कालस्य प्रियः कश्चिन्न द्वेष्यः कुरुसत्तम ॥ ११.८.१४ ॥
Nothing that is to be known is unknown to you, scorcher of enemies. You understand, without doubt, the impermanence of beings. Time drags along all beings of every kind. Best of the Kurus, time has no dear one and no hated one.
11.8.15
अध्रुवे जीवलोके च स्थाने वा शाश्वते सति ।
जीविते मरणान्ते च कस्माच्छोचसि पुत्रक
यथा वायुस्तृणाग्राणि संवर्तपति सर्वतः ।
तथा कालवशं यान्ति भूतानि भरतर्षभ ॥ ११.८.१५ ॥
In a transient world of the living, or even in an eternal place, at the end of life and death, why do you grieve, my son? Just as the wind stirs the tips of grass on every side, so, bull of the Bharatas, beings go under the power of time.
11.8.16
प्रत्यक्षं तव राजेन्द्र वैरस्यास्य समुद्भवः ।
पुत्रं ते कारणं कृत्वा कालयोगेन निर्मितः
एकसार्थप्रयातानां सर्वेषां तत्र गामिनाम् ।
यस्य कालः प्रयात्यग्रे तत्र का परिदेवना ॥ ११.८.१६ ॥
O lord of kings, the rise of this enmity happened before your very eyes; with your son as its cause, it was brought about by the union of time. Among all travelers journeying along one road, when time goes first for one of them, what is the use of lamentation there?
11.8.17
अवश्यं भवितव्ये च कुरूणां सङ्क्षये नृप ।
कस्माच्छोचसि ताञ्शूरान्गतान्परमिकां गतिम्
यांश्चापि निहतान्युद्धे राजंस्त्वमनुशोचसि ।
न शोच्या हि माहत्मानः सर्वे ते त्रिदिवं गताः ॥ ११.८.१७ ॥
O king, what was bound to happen in the destruction of the Kurus has happened; why then do you grieve for those heroes who have gone to the supreme goal? You also grieve for those who were slain in battle, O king; all those great-souled ones have gone to heaven, and they are not to be grieved for.
11.8.18
जानता च महाबाहो विदुरेण महात्मना ।
यतितं सर्वयत्नेन शमं प्रति जनेश्वर
न यज्ञैर्दक्षिणावद्भिर्न तपोभिर्न विद्यया ।
तथा स्वर्गमुपायान्ति यथा शूरास्तनुत्यजः ॥ ११.८.१८ ॥
O mighty-armed lord of men, the great-souled Vidura, who knew all, strove with every effort for peace; yet men do not attain heaven by sacrifices with gifts, nor by austerities, nor by learning, in the way that heroes who give up their bodies attain it.
11.8.19
न च दैवकृतो मार्गः शक्यो भूतेन केनचित् ।
घटताऽपि चिरं कालं नियन्तुमिति मे मतिः
सर्वे वेदविदः शूराः सर्वे सुचरितव्रताः ।
सर्वे चाभिमुखाः क्षीणास्तत्र का परिदेवना ॥ ११.८.१९ ॥
No creature, however long it strives, can restrain the path ordained by fate; that is my view. All the Veda-knowing heroes, all who kept their vows well, all of them perished facing the enemy. What is there to lament?
11.8.20
देवतानां हि यत्कार्यं मया प्रत्यक्षतः श्रुतम् ।
तत्तेऽहं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि यथा स्थैर्यं भवेत्तव
शरीराग्निषु शूराणां जुहुवुस्ते शराहुतीः ।
हूयमानाञ्शरांश्चैव सेहुरुत्तमपूरषाः ॥ ११.८.२० ॥
What the gods do, I have heard with my own ears; I will tell it to you fully, so that your mind may become steady. Into the fires of the heroes' bodies the gods poured oblations of arrows, and the best of men endured the arrows as they were offered.
11.8.21
पुराऽहं परितो यातः सभामैन्द्रीं जितक्लमः ।
अपश्यं तत्र च सदा समवेतान्दिवौकसः
एवं राजंस्तवाचक्षे स्वर्ग्यं पन्थानमुत्तमम् ।
न युद्धादधिकं किञ्चित्क्षत्रियस्येह विद्यते ॥ ११.८.२१ ॥
Once, free from weariness, I went around everywhere and reached the assembly hall of Indra, and there I always saw the dwellers of heaven gathered together. O king, thus I declare to you the best path leading to heaven: for a kṣatriya in this world there is nothing greater than battle.
11.8.22
नारदप्रमुखांश्चापि सर्वान्देवर्षिसत्तमान् ।
तत्र चापि मया दृष्टा पृथिवी पृथिवीपते
क्षत्रियास्ते महात्मानः शूराः समितिशोभनाः ।
आशिषं परमां प्राप्ता न शोच्याः सर्व एव हि ॥ ११.८.२२ ॥
I saw there Nārada and all the best of divine sages. O lord of the earth, there too I saw the great-souled kṣatriyas, heroes adorned in battle, who have attained the supreme blessing; none of them is to be mourned.
11.8.23
कार्यार्थमुपसम्पन्ना देवतानां समीपतः ।
उपगम्य तदा धात्री देवानाह समागतान्
आत्मनाऽऽत्मानमाश्वास्य मा शुचः पुरुषर्षभ ।
नाद्य शोकाभिभूतस्त्वं कार्यमुत्स्नष्टुमर्हसि ॥ ११.८.२३ ॥
Dhātrī, the earth, who had come near the gods for a task, then approached the assembled gods and said: O bull among men, comfort yourself by yourself; do not grieve. Today you ought not, overcome by grief, to abandon the task.
11.8.24
यत्कार्यं मम युष्माभिर्ब्रह्मणः सदने तदा ।
प्रतिज्ञातं महाभागास्तच्छीघ्रं संविधीयताम् ॥ ११.८.२४ ॥
O greatly fortunate ones, the task you then promised me in the abode of Brahmā—let it be quickly arranged.
11.8.25
तस्यास्तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा विष्णुर्लोकनमस्कृतः ।
उवाच वाक्यं प्रहसन्प्रभुस्तां देवसंसदि ॥ ११.८.२५ ॥
Having heard her words, Viṣṇu, revered by the worlds, that lord, smiling, spoke these words to her in the assembly of the gods.
11.8.26
धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्राणां यस्तु ज्येष्ठः शतस्य वै ।
दुर्योधन इति ख्यातः स ते कार्यं करिष्यति ॥ ११.८.२६ ॥
He who is the eldest of the hundred sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, known by the name Duryodhana, he will accomplish your task.
11.8.27
तं च प्राप्य महीपालं कृतकृत्या भविष्यसि ।
तस्यार्थे पृथिवीपालाः कुरुक्षेत्रं समागताः ॥ ११.८.२७ ॥
Having obtained that protector of the earth, you will be fulfilled. For his sake the kings of the earth have gathered at Kurukṣetra.
11.8.28
अन्योन्यं घातयिष्यन्ति दृढैः शस्त्रैः प्रहारिणः ।
ततस्ते भविता देवि भारस्य युधि नाशनम् ॥ ११.८.२८ ॥
They will strike one another down with firm weapons, and then, goddess, there will be the destruction of that burden in battle.
11.8.29
गच्छ शीघ्रं स्वकं स्थानं लोकान्धारय शोभने ।
स एष ते सुतो राजँल्लोकसंहारकारणात् ॥ ११.८.२९ ॥
Go quickly to your own place, radiant one, and sustain the worlds. This, your son, O king, is the cause of the destruction of the worlds.
11.8.30
कलेरंशः समुत्पन्नो गान्धार्या जठरे नृप ।
अमर्षी बलवाञ्शूरः क्रोधनो दुष्प्रसाधनः ॥ ११.८.३० ॥
O king, a portion of Kali has been born in the womb of Gāndhārī. He is intolerant, strong, heroic, wrathful and hard to appease.
11.8.31
दैवयोगात्समुत्पन्ना भ्रातरस्तस्य तादृशाः ।
शकुनिर्मातुलश्चैव कर्णश्च परमः सखा ॥ ११.८.३१ ॥
By divine ordinance, his brothers of such a kind were born, and his maternal uncle Śakuni, and Karṇa, his supreme friend.
11.8.32
समुत्पन्ना विनाशार्थं पृथिव्यां सहिता नृपाः ।
यादृशो जायते राजा तादृशोऽस्य जनो भवेत् ॥ ११.८.३२ ॥
For the destruction of the earth, kings have been born together. Such as the king who is born, such also will his people be.
11.8.33
अधर्मो धर्मतां याति स्वामी चेद्धार्मिको भवेत् ।
स्वामिनो गुणदोषाभ्यां भृत्याः स्युर्नात्र संशयः ॥ ११.८.३३ ॥
If the master is righteous, even unrighteousness becomes righteousness; servants take their character from the virtues and faults of their master — there is no doubt of this.
11.8.34
दुष्टं राजानमासाद्य गतास्ते तनया नृप ।
एतमर्थं महाबाहो नारदो वेद तत्त्ववित् ॥ ११.८.३४ ॥
Having gone to a wicked king, your sons were destroyed, O king. O mighty-armed one, Nārada, who knows the truth, understood this matter.
11.8.35
आत्मापराधात्पुत्रास्ते विनष्टाः पृथिवीपते ।
मा ताञ्शोचस्व राजेन्द्र न हि शोकेऽस्ति कारणम् ॥ ११.८.३५ ॥
Your sons were destroyed through their own fault, O lord of the earth. Do not grieve for them, O lord of kings; there is indeed no cause for grief.
11.8.36
न हि ते पाण्डवाः स्वल्पमपराध्यन्ति भारत ।
पुत्रास्तव दुरात्मानो यैरियं घातिता मही ॥ ११.८.३६ ॥
The Pāṇḍavas have not committed even the smallest offence, O Bhārata. It is your evil-minded sons by whom this earth was slaughtered.
11.8.37
नारदेन च भद्रं ते पूर्वमेव न संशयः ।
युधिष्ठिरस्य समितौ राजसूये निवेदितम् ॥ ११.८.३७ ॥
May good fortune be yours. Nārada had declared this earlier, in the assembly of Yudhiṣṭhira at the Rājasūya sacrifice — there is no doubt.
11.8.38
पाण्डवाः कौरवाः सर्वे समासाद्य परस्परम् ।
नभविष्यन्ति कौन्तेय यत्ते कृत्यं तदाचर ॥ ११.८.३८ ॥
O son of Kuntī, if the Pāṇḍavas and the Kauravas all meet one another, none will survive. Therefore perform whatever is your duty.
11.8.39
नारदस्य वचः श्रुत्वा तथाऽकुर्वत पाण्डवाः ।
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं देवगुह्यं सनातनम् ॥ ११.८.३९ ॥
Having heard Nārada's words, the Pāṇḍavas acted accordingly. All this has been told to you, the eternal secret of the gods.
11.8.40
कथं ते शोकनाशः स्यात्प्राणेषु च दया प्रभो ।
स्नेहश्च पाण्डुपुत्रेषु ज्ञात्वा दैवकृतं विधिम् ॥ ११.८.४० ॥
O lord, how could your grief be removed, and how could compassion for living beings and affection for the sons of Pāṇḍu remain, once you know the ordinance made by fate?
11.8.41
एष चार्थो महाबाहो पूर्वमेव मया श्रुतः ।
कथितो धर्मराजस्य राजसूये कुरूत्तम ॥ ११.८.४१ ॥
O mighty-armed one, I had already heard this matter before, and I spoke it to the king of dharma at the Rājasūya sacrifice, O best of the Kurus.
11.8.42
यतितं धर्मपुत्रेण मया गुह्ये निवेदिते ।
अविग्रहे कौरवाणां दैवं तु बलवत्तरम् ॥ ११.८.४२ ॥
When I had told it to him in secret, the son of dharma strove to avoid conflict with the Kauravas; but fate is far stronger.
11.8.43
अनतिक्रमणीयो हि विधी राजन्कथञ्चन ।
कृतान्तस्य तु भूतेन स्थावरेण चरेण च ॥ ११.८.४३ ॥
O king, the ordinance cannot be transgressed in any way; the decree of Death binds both the unmoving and the moving beings.
11.8.44
भवान्धर्मपरो यत्र बुद्धिश्रेष्ठश्च भारत ।
मुह्यते प्राणिनां ज्ञात्वा गतिं चागतिमेव च ॥ ११.८.४४ ॥
O descendant of Bharata, you are devoted to dharma and best in intellect, yet you are bewildered, though you know the course and non-course of living beings.
11.8.45
त्वां तु शोकेन सन्तप्तं मुह्यमानं मुहुर्मुहुः ।
ज्ञात्वा युधिष्ठिरो राजा प्राणानपि परित्यजेत् ॥ ११.८.४५ ॥
Knowing you tormented by grief and bewildered again and again, King Yudhiṣṭhira would even give up his life.
11.8.46
कृपालुर्नित्यशो वीरस्तिर्यग्योनिगतेष्वपि ।
स कथं त्वयि राजेन्द्र कृपां नैव करिष्यति ॥ ११.८.४६ ॥
That hero, always compassionate even toward creatures born in animal wombs, how would he not show compassion toward you, lord of kings?
11.8.47
मम चैव नियोगेन विधेश्चाप्यनिवर्तनाम् ।
पाण्डवानां च कारुण्यात्प्राणान्धारय भारत ॥ ११.८.४७ ॥
By my command and by the inescapable decree of fate, and out of compassion for the Pāṇḍavas, O Bhārata, sustain your life.
11.8.48
एवं ते वर्तमानस्य लोके कीर्तिर्भविष्यति ।
धर्मार्थः सुमहांस्तात तप्तं स्याच्च तपश्चिरात् ॥ ११.८.४८ ॥
Thus, living in the world, you will gain fame; dear child, this is a great dharma and purpose, and long austerity will be fulfilled.
11.8.49
पुत्रशोकं समुत्पन्नं हुताशं ज्वलितं यथा ।
प्रज्ञाम्भसा महाराज निर्वापय सदा सता ॥ ११.८.४९ ॥
The grief for your son has arisen like a blazing fire; great king, extinguish it always with the water of wisdom, as the wise do.
11.8.50
तच्छ्रुत्वा तस्य वचनं व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ।
मुहूर्तं समनुध्यायन्धृतराष्ट्रोऽभ्यभाषत ॥ ११.८.५० ॥
Having heard those words of Vyāsa of immeasurable radiance, Dhṛtarāṣṭra reflected for a moment and then spoke.
11.8.51
महता शोकजालेन प्रणुन्नोऽस्मि द्विजोत्तम ।
नात्मानमवबुध्यामि मुह्यमानो मुहुर्मुहुः ॥ ११.८.५१ ॥
O best of the twice-born, I am driven by a great net of grief. Bewildered again and again, I do not perceive myself.
11.8.52
इदं तु वचनं श्रुत्वा तव देवनियोगजम् ।
धारयिष्याम्यहं प्राणान्यतिष्ये च न शोचितुं ॥ ११.८.५२ ॥
Having heard this word of yours, born of the gods' command, I shall sustain my life and strive not to grieve.
11.8.53
एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु वचनं व्यासः सत्यवतीसुतः ।
धृतराष्ट्रस्य राजेन्द्र तत्रैवान्तरधीयत ॥ ११.८.५३ ॥
Having heard these words of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, O lord of kings, Vyāsa, the son of Satyavatī, vanished right there.