Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.122
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12.122.1
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
अङ्गेषु राजा द्युतिमान्वसुहोम इति श्रुतः ॥ १२.१२२.१ ॥
Here too they recount this ancient story: among the Aṅgas there was a radiant king known as Vasuhoma.
12.122.2
स राजा धर्मविन्नित्यं सह पत्न्या महातपाः ।
मुञ्जपृष्ठं जगामाथ देवर्षिगणसेवितम्। ॥ १२.१२२.२ ॥
That king, ever knowing dharma and of great austerity, went with his wife to Muñjapṛṣṭha, attended by hosts of divine sages.
12.122.3
तत्र शृङ्गे हिमवतो वसतिं समुपागमत् ।
यत्र मुञ्जवटे रामो जटाहरणमादिशत् ॥ १२.१२२.३ ॥
There, on a peak of the Himalaya, he came to dwell, where at the Muñja banyan Rāma had ordered the removing of matted hair.
12.122.4
तदादि च महाप्राज्ञः ऋषिभिः संशितव्रतैः ।
मुञ्जपृष्ठ इति प्रोक्तः स देशो रुद्रसेवितः ॥ १२.१२२.४ ॥
From that time on, the very wise sages of rigorous vows called that region Muñjapṛṣṭha, served by Rudra.
12.122.5
स तत्र बहुभिर्युक्तस्तदा श्रुतिमयैर्गुणैः ।
ब्राह्मणानामनुमतो देवर्षिसदृशोऽभवत् ॥ १२.१२२.५ ॥
There, endowed with many qualities born of sacred learning, approved by the brahmins, he became like a divine sage.
12.122.6
तं कदाचिददीनात्मा सखा शक्रस्य मानितः ।
अभ्यगच्छन्महीपालो मान्धाता शत्रुकर्शनः ॥ १२.१२२.६ ॥
Once, the unwavering-minded one was visited by Māndhātā, king and protector of the earth, friend of Indra, honored, subduer of enemies.
12.122.7
सोपसृत्य तु मान्धाता वसुहोमं नराधिपम् ।
दृष्ट्वा प्रकृष्टतपसं विनयेनोपतिष्ठते ॥ १२.१२२.७ ॥
Having approached, Māndhātṛ, seeing King Vasuhoma of supreme asceticism, stood before him in humility.
12.122.8
वसुहोमोऽपि राज्ञो वै गामर्ध्यं च न्यवेदयत् ।
सप्ताङ्गस्य तु राज्यस्य पप्रच्छ कुशलाव्ययौ ॥ १२.१२२.८ ॥
Vasuhoma too offered a cow and the arghya to the king, and asked after the well-being and prosperity of the seven-limbed kingdom.
12.122.9
सद्भिराचरितं पूर्वं यथावदनुयायिनम् ।
अब्रवीद्वसुहोमस्तं राजन्किं करवाणि ते ॥ १२.१२२.९ ॥
Vasuhoma, to him who had come following as the good had practised of old, said: "O king, what may I do for you?"
12.122.10
सोऽब्रवीत्परमप्रीतो मान्धाता राजसत्तमः ।
वसुहोमं महाप्राज्ञमासीनं कुरुनन्दन ॥ १२.१२२.१० ॥
Māndhātṛ, most pleased and best of kings, said to Vasuhoma, the greatly wise one, who was seated: "O delight of the Kurus!"
12.122.11
बृहस्पतेर्मतं राजन्नघीतं सकलं त्वया ।
तथैवौशनसं शास्त्रं विज्ञातं ते नरोत्तम ॥ १२.१२२.११ ॥
O king, you have studied the whole doctrine of Bṛhaspati; likewise, O best of men, you have understood the treatise of Uśanas.
12.122.12
तदहं श्रोतुमिच्छामि दण्ड उत्पद्यते कथम् ।
किं वाऽस्य पूर्वं जागर्ति किं वा परममुच्यते ॥ १२.१२२.१२ ॥
Therefore I wish to hear how punishment arises. What is awake before it, or what is called supreme?
12.122.13
कथं क्षत्रियसंस्थश्च दण्डः संप्रत्यवस्थितः ।
ब्रूहि मे तद्यथातत्वं ददाम्याचार्यवेतनम् ॥ १२.१२२.१३ ॥
How was punishment established among the kṣatriyas, and how does it stand now? Tell me this exactly as it is; I will give the teacher his fee.
12.122.14
शृणु राजन्यथा दण्डः संभूतो लोकसंग्रहः ।
प्रजाविनयरक्षार्थं धर्मस्यात्मा सनातनः ॥ १२.१२२.१४ ॥
Listen, O king, to how punishment arose — that which holds the world together. For the protection and discipline of the subjects, it is the very self of eternal dharma.
12.122.15
ब्रह्मा यियक्षुर्भगवान्सर्वलोकपितामहः ।
ऋत्विजं नात्मनस्तुल्यं ददर्शेति हि नः श्रुतम् ॥ १२.१२२.१५ ॥
The blessed Brahmā, grandfather of all the worlds, desired to perform a sacrifice. We have heard that he did not see a priest equal to himself.
12.122.16
स गर्भं भगवान्देवो बहुवर्षाण्यधारयत् ।
अथ पूर्णे सहस्रे तु स गर्भः क्षुवतोऽपतत् ॥ १२.१२२.१६ ॥
That blessed god held the embryo for many years. Then, when a thousand years were complete, the embryo fell out as he sneezed.
12.122.17
स क्षुपो नाम संभूतः प्रजापतिररिंदम् ।
ऋत्विगासीन्महाराज यज्ञे तस्य महात्मनः ॥ १२.१२२.१७ ॥
He was born by the name Kṣupa, O subduer of foes, and became a lord of creatures. O great king, he was the priest at that great-souled one's sacrifice.
12.122.18
तस्मिन्प्रवृत्ते सत्रे तु ब्रह्मणः पार्थिवर्षभ ।
इष्टरूपप्रचारत्वाद्दण्डः सोऽन्तर्हितोऽभवत् ॥ १२.१२२.१८ ॥
O bull among kings, when that sacrificial session of Brahmā began, the punishment disappeared, because the rite proceeded in its proper form.
12.122.19
तस्मिन्नन्तर्हिते चापि प्रजानां संकरोऽभवत् ।
नैव कार्यं न वा कार्यं भोज्याभोज्यं न विद्यते ॥ १२.१२२.१९ ॥
When that rod had vanished, confusion (saṃkara) arose among the creatures. Neither what was to be done nor what was not to be done remained, and no distinction was known between the edible and the inedible.
12.122.20
पेयापेये कुतः सिद्धिर्हिसन्ति च परस्परम् ।
गम्यागम्यं तदा नासीत्स्वं परस्वं च वै समम् ॥ १२.१२२.२० ॥
How could there be success in what may and may not be drunk? They began to harm one another. Then there was no distinction between what may and may not be approached, and one's own wealth and another's wealth became the same.
12.122.21
परस्परं विलुम्पन्ति सारमेया यथाऽऽमिषम् ।
अबलान्बलिनो जघ्नुर्निर्मर्यादं प्रवर्तते ॥ १२.१२२.२१ ॥
Like dogs tearing at flesh, they plundered one another. The mighty slew the weak, and conduct without bounds came to prevail.
12.122.22
ततः पितामहो विष्णुं भगवन्तं सनातनम् ।
संपूज्य वरदं देवं महादेवमथाब्रवीत् ॥ १२.१२२.२२ ॥
Then the Grandfather (Brahmā), having honored the eternal blessed lord Viṣṇu, spoke to the boon-giving god Mahādeva.
12.122.23
अत्र त्वमनुकम्पां वै कर्तुमर्हसि शङ्कर ।
अयं विष्णुः सखा तुभ्यं धर्मस्य परिरक्षणे ॥ १२.१२२.२३ ॥
O Śaṅkara, you ought indeed to show compassion in this matter. This Viṣṇu is your friend, in the protection of dharma.
12.122.24
त्वं हि सर्वविधानज्ञः सत्वानां त्वं गतिः परा ।
संकरो न भवेदत्र यथा तद्वै विधीयताम् ॥ १२.१२२.२४ ॥
You indeed are the knower of all rules, and the supreme refuge of beings. Let it be ordained so that confusion does not arise here.
12.122.26
ततः स भगवान्ध्यात्वा तदा शूलवरायुधः ।
देवदेवो महादेवः कारणं जगतः परम्
ब्रह्मविष्ण्विन्द्रसहितः सर्वैश्च ससुरासुरैः ।
लोकसन्धारणार्थं च लोकसंकरनाशनम्।
आत्मानमात्माना दण्डं ससृजे देवसत्तमः ॥ १२.१२२.२६ ॥
Then the Lord, having meditated, bearing the trident as his excellent weapon, Mahādeva, god of gods, the supreme cause of the world, together with Brahmā, Viṣṇu and Indra, and with all the gods and asuras, for the sustaining of the worlds and the destruction of confusion in the worlds, the best of gods created punishment by himself from himself.
12.122.27
तस्माच्च धर्मचरणान्नीतिं देवीं सरस्वतीम् ।
असृजद्दण्डनीतिं वै त्रिषु लोकेषु विश्रुताम् ॥ १२.१२२.२७ ॥
Therefore, through the practice of dharma, he created the divine Sarasvatī, the science of punishment, renowned in the three worlds.
12.122.28
यथाऽसौ नीयते दण्डः सततं पापकारिषु ।
दण्डस्य नयनात्सा हि दण्डनीतिरिहोच्यते ॥ १२.१२२.२८ ॥
As punishment is always applied to evildoers, she is called here the science of punishment, because she directs punishment.
12.122.29
भूयः स भगवान्ध्यात्वा चिरं शूलघरः प्रभुः ।
असृजत्सर्वशास्त्राणि महादेवो महेश्वरः ॥ १२.१२२.२९ ॥
Again the blessed lord, the trident-bearing Lord, having meditated for a long time, Mahādeva, the great Lord, created all the sciences.
12.122.30
दण्डनीतेः प्रयोगार्थं प्रमाणानि च सर्वशः ।
विद्याश्चतस्रः कूटस्थास्तासां भेदविकल्पनाः ॥ १२.१२२.३० ॥
For the application of the science of punishment, and authorities in every way; the four sciences fixed at the summit, and their divisions and subdivisions.
12.122.31
अङ्गानि वेदाश्चत्वारो मीमांसा न्यायविस्तरः ।
पुराणं धर्मशास्त्रं च विद्या ह्येताश्चतुर्दश ॥ १२.१२२.३१ ॥
The subsidiary sciences, the four Vedas, Mīmāṃsā, the expansion of logic, the Purāṇas and the law treatises; these are the fourteen sciences.
12.122.32
आयुर्वेदो धनुर्वेदो गान्धर्वश्चेति ते त्रयः ।
अर्थशास्त्रं चतुर्थं तु विद्या ह्यष्टादशैव तु ॥ १२.१२२.३२ ॥
Āyurveda, dhanurveda and gāndharva are these three; the fourth is arthaśāstra. Indeed the sciences are eighteen.
12.122.33
दश चाष्टौ च विख्याता एता धर्मस्य संहिताः ।
एतासामेव विद्यानां व्यासमाह महेश्वरः ॥ १२.१२२.३३ ॥
Ten and eight — these renowned compendia are the saṃhitās of dharma. Of these very sciences the expansion was spoken by Maheśvara.
12.122.34
शतानि त्रीणि शास्त्राणां महातन्त्राणि सप्ततिम् ।
व्यास एव तु विद्यानां महादेवेन कीर्तितः ॥ १२.१२२.३४ ॥
Three hundred shastras and seventy great tantras there are; yet the expansion of the sciences was proclaimed by Mahādeva himself.
12.122.35
तन्त्रं पाशुपतं नाम पञ्चरात्रं च विश्रुतम् ।
योगशास्त्रं च साङ्ख्यं च तन्त्रं लोकायतं तथा ॥ १२.१२२.३५ ॥
The system called Pāśupata, the renowned Pañcarātra, the science of yoga, Sāṅkhya, and likewise the Lokāyata system.
12.122.36
तन्त्रं ब्रह्मतुला नाम तर्कविद्या दिवौकसाम् ।
सुखदुःखार्थजिज्ञासा कारणं चेति विश्रुतम् ॥ १२.१२२.३६ ॥
The system named Brahma-tulā is the logic of the gods; inquiry into the purpose and cause of pleasure and pain is renowned as it.
12.122.37
तर्कविद्यास्तथा चाष्टौ स चोक्तो न्यायविस्तरः ।
दश चाष्टौ च विज्ञेयाः पौराणा यज्ञसंहिताः ॥ १२.१२२.३७ ॥
The sciences of logic are likewise eight, and that is said to be the expansion of nyāya; the Purāṇic sacrificial compendia should be known as eighteen.
12.122.38
पुराणाश्च प्रणीताश्च तावदेवेह संहिताः ।
धर्मशास्त्राणि तद्वच्च एकार्थानि च नान्यथा ॥ १२.१२२.३८ ॥
The Purāṇas too were composed, and there are as many compilations here. The Dharma treatises likewise have one and the same meaning, and not otherwise.
12.122.39
एकार्थानि पुराणानि वेदाश्चैकार्यसंहिताः ।
नानार्थानि च सर्वाणि ततः शास्त्राणि शंकरः ॥ १२.१२२.३९ ॥
The Purāṇas have one meaning, and the Vedas too are compilations of one meaning. But all the śāstras have many meanings; therefore Śaṅkara (taught them).
12.122.40
प्रोवाच भगवान्देवः कालज्ञानानि यानि च ।
चतुःषष्टिप्रमाणानि आयुर्वेदं च सोत्तरम् ॥ १२.१२२.४० ॥
The blessed god declared the books of knowledge of time, which number sixty-four, and the Āyurveda together with its supplement.
12.122.41
अष्टादशविकल्पां तां दण्डनीतिं च शाश्वतीम् ।
गान्धर्वमितिहासं च नानाविस्तरमुक्तवान् ॥ १२.१२२.४१ ॥
He also declared that eternal science of governance of eighteen divisions, the science of music, and the Itihāsa of many extents.
12.122.42
इत्येताः शंकरप्रोक्ता विद्याः शब्दार्थसंहिताः ।
पुनर्भेदसहस्रं तु तासामेव तु विस्तरः ॥ १२.१२२.४२ ॥
Thus these branches of knowledge declared by Śaṅkara are compilations of word and meaning. Their further divisions run to a thousand, and their expansion lies within them.
12.122.43
ऋषिभिर्देवगन्धर्वैः सविकल्पः सविस्तरः ।
शश्वदभ्यस्यते लोके वेद एव तु सर्वशः ॥ १२.१२२.४३ ॥
Among sages, gods and Gandharvas, with its divisions and its expansion, the Veda alone is constantly studied in the world in every way.
12.122.44
वेदाश्चतस्रः संक्षिप्ता वेदवादाश्च ते स्मृताः ।
एतासां पारगो यश्च स चोक्तो वेदपारगः ॥ १२.१२२.४४ ॥
The Vedas are four, condensed; they are remembered as Vedic doctrines. He who has gone across these is called a master of the Vedas.
12.122.45
वेदानां पारगो रुद्रो विष्णुरिन्द्रो बृहस्पतिः ।
शक्रः स्वायंभुवश्चैव मनुः परमधर्मवित् ॥ १२.१२२.४५ ॥
Masters of the Vedas are Rudra, Viṣṇu, Indra and Bṛhaspati; Śakra and the Self-born one, and Manu, the knower of the highest dharma.
12.122.46
ब्रह्मा च परमो देवः सदा सर्वैः सुरासुरैः ।
सर्वस्यानुग्रहाच्चैव व्यासो वै वेदपारगः ॥ १२.१२२.४६ ॥
Brahmā is the supreme god, always served by gods and demons alike; and by the grace of all, Vyāsa too became a master of the Vedas.
12.122.47
अहं शान्तनवो भीष्मः प्रसादान्माधवस्य च ।
शंकरस्य प्रसादाच्च ब्रह्मणश्च कुरूद्वह।
वेदपारग इत्युक्तो याज्ञवल्क्यश्च सर्वशः ॥ १२.१२२.४७ ॥
I, Bhīṣma, son of Śantanu, by the grace of Mādhava, by the grace of Śaṅkara, and by the grace of Brahmā, best of the Kurus, am said to be a master of the Vedas; and Yājñavalkya too, in every way.
12.122.48
कल्पेकल्पे महाभागैर्ऋषिभिस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः ।
ऋषिपुत्रैर्ऋषिगणैर्भिद्यन्ते मिश्रकैरपि ॥ १२.१२२.४८ ॥
In every kalpa, the vedas are divided by the greatly blessed sages who see the truth, by the sons of sages, by groups of sages, and even by the mixed ones.
12.122.49
शिवेन ब्रह्मणा चैव विष्णुना च विकल्पिताः ।
आदिकल्पे पुनश्चैव भिद्यन्ते साधुभिः पुनः ॥ १२.१२२.४९ ॥
The vedas have been arranged by Śiva, by Brahmā and by Viṣṇu; and in the first kalpa they are again divided by the virtuous ones.
12.122.50
इदानीमपि विद्वद्भिर्भिद्यन्ते च विकल्पकैः ।
पूर्वजन्मानुसारेण बहुधेयं सरस्वती ॥ १२.१२२.५० ॥
Even now it is divided by learned men and by innovators; according to the merit of former births, this Sarasvatī is divided in many ways.
12.122.51
भूयः स भगवान्ध्यात्वा चिरं शूलवरायुधः ।
तस्यतस्य निकायस्य चकारैकैकमीश्वरम् ॥ १२.१२२.५१ ॥
Then that blessed lord, whose best weapon is the trident, having meditated for a long time, made a lord for each and every class of beings.
12.122.52
देवानामीश्वरं चक्रे दैवं दशशतेक्षणम् ।
यमं वैवस्वतं चापि पितॄणामकरोत्पतिम् ॥ १२.१२२.५२ ॥
He made the divine thousand-eyed one the lord of the gods, and also made Yama, son of Vivasvat, the lord of the ancestors.
12.122.53
अपां राज्ये सुराणां च विदधे वरुणं प्रभुम् ।
धनानां राक्षसानां च कुवेरमपि चेश्वरम् ॥ १२.१२२.५३ ॥
He appointed Varuṇa the lord over the realm of waters and among the gods; he also made Kubera the lord of wealth and of the rākṣasas.
12.122.54
पर्वतानां पतिं मेरुं सरितां च महोदधिम् ।
मृत्युं प्राणेश्वरमथो तेजसां च हुताशनम् ॥ १२.१२२.५४ ॥
He made Meru the lord of mountains and the great ocean the lord of rivers; death the lord of breath, and Fire (Hutāśana) the lord of the fiery ones.
12.122.55
रुद्राणामपि चेशानं गोप्तारं विदधे प्रभुः ।
महात्मानं महादेवं विशालाक्षं सनातनम् ॥ १२.१२२.५५ ॥
Among the Rudras the lord appointed Īśāna, the protector, the great-souled Mahādeva, broad-eyed and eternal.
12.122.56
दश चैकश्च ये रुद्रास्तस्यैते मूर्तिसंभवाः ।
नानारूपधरो देवः स एव भगवाञ्शिवः ॥ १२.१२२.५६ ॥
The ten and one, who are the Rudras, arose from his forms. That god who bears many forms is indeed the blessed Śiva.
12.122.57
वसिष्ठमीशं विप्राणां वसूनां जातवेदसम् ।
तेजसां भास्करं चक्रे नक्षत्राणां निशाकरम् ॥ १२.१२२.५७ ॥
He made Vasiṣṭha the lord among Brahmins, Agni, the knower of births, among the Vasus, the sun the brightest among luminous things, and the moon among the stars.
12.122.58
वीरुधां वसुमन्तं च भूतानां च प्रभुं वरम् ।
कुमारं द्वादशभुजं स्कन्दं राजानमादिशत् ॥ १२.१२२.५८ ॥
He appointed Vasumat the king of herbs, the excellent lord of beings, and the youth Skanda of twelve arms as king.
12.122.59
कालं सर्वेशमकरोत्संहारविनयात्मकम् ।
मृत्योश्चतुर्विभागस्य दुःखस्य च सुखस्य च ॥ १२.१२२.५९ ॥
He made Time the lord of all, whose nature is to govern destruction, of the fourfold division of death, of suffering and of happiness.
12.122.60
ईश्वरो देवदेवस्तु राजराजो नराधिपः ।
सर्वेषामेव रुद्राणां शूलपाणिरिति श्रुतिः ॥ १२.१२२.६० ॥
The Lord is the god of gods, the king of kings, the lord of men; among all the Rudras he is the trident-bearer, so the scripture says.
12.122.61
ईश्वरश्चेतनः कर्ता पुरुषः कारणं शिवः ।
विष्णुर्ब्रह्मा शशी सूर्यः शक्रो देवाश्च सान्वयाः ॥ १२.१२२.६१ ॥
The Lord is the conscious doer, the person, the cause; he is Śiva. Viṣṇu, Brahmā, the moon, the sun, Indra and the gods with their lineages are also he.
12.122.62
सृजते ग्रसते चैतत्तमोभूतमिदं यथा ।
अप्रज्ञातं जगत्सर्वं यदा ह्येको महेश्वरः ॥ १२.१२२.६२ ॥
When this entire unknown world has become dark, the great lord alone creates it and devours it.
12.122.63
तमेनं ब्रह्मणः पुत्रमनुजातं क्षुपं ददौ ।
प्रजानामधिपं श्रेष्ठं सर्वधर्मभृतामपि ॥ १२.१२२.६३ ॥
He gave that son of Brahmā, Kṣupa, born later, the best of all upholders of dharma, as lord of creatures.
12.122.64
महादेवस्ततस्तस्मिन्वृत्ते यज्ञे समाहितः ।
दण्डं धर्मस्य गोप्तारं विष्णवे सत्कृतं ददौ ॥ १२.१२२.६४ ॥
Then, when that sacrifice had been completed, the composed Mahādeva honorably gave the staff, protector of dharma, to Viṣṇu.
12.122.65
विष्णुरङ्गिरसे प्रादादङ्गिरा मुनिसत्तमः ।
प्रादादिन्द्रमरीचिभ्या मरीचिर्भृगवे ददौ ॥ १२.१२२.६५ ॥
Viṣṇu gave it to Aṅgiras, and Aṅgiras, best of sages, gave it to Indra and Marīci; Marīci gave it to Bhṛgu.
12.122.66
भृगुर्ददावृषिभ्यस्तु दण्डं धर्मसमाहितम् ।
ऋषयो लोकपालेभ्यो लोकपालाः क्षुपाय च ॥ १२.१२२.६६ ॥
Bhṛgu gave the staff, endowed with dharma, to the sages; the sages gave it to the world-guardians, and the world-guardians gave it to Kṣupa.
12.122.67
क्षुपस्तु मनवे प्रादादादित्यतनयाय च ।
पुत्रेभ्यः श्राद्धदेवस्तु सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात् ॥ १२.१२२.६७ ॥
Kṣupa gave it to Manu and to the son of Āditi; and Śrāddhadeva gave it to his sons, for the sake of subtle dharma and purpose.
12.122.68
विभज्य दण्डः कर्तव्यो दण्डे तु नयमिच्छता ।
दुर्वाचा निग्रहो दण्डो हिरण्यं बाह्यतः क्रिया ॥ १२.१२२.६८ ॥
Punishment must be applied in graded measure; one who desires justice should keep moderation in punishment. Restraint by harsh words is a punishment; gold (a fine) is to be exacted externally.
12.122.69
व्यङ्गत्वं च शरीरस्य वधो वाऽनल्पकारणात् ।
शरीरपीडा कार्या तु स्वदेशाच्च विवासनम् ॥ १२.१२२.६९ ॥
Mutilation of the body, or killing for a grave cause, the infliction of bodily torment, and banishment from one's own land are also punishments.
12.122.70
तं ददौ सूर्यपुत्राय मनवे रक्षणात्मकम् ।
आनुपूर्व्याच्च दण्डोऽयं प्रजा जागर्ति पालयन् ॥ १२.१२२.७० ॥
That, whose nature is protection, he gave to Manu, the son of the Sun. In due order, this punishment stays awake, guarding the subjects.
12.122.71
इन्द्रो जागर्ति भगवानिन्द्रादग्निर्विभावसुः ।
अग्नेर्जागर्ति वरुणो वरुणाच्च प्रजापतिः ॥ १२.१२२.७१ ॥
The venerable Indra stays awake; from Indra, Vibhāvasu Agni (stays awake). From Agni, Varuṇa stays awake; and from Varuṇa, Prajāpati.
12.122.72
प्रजापतेस्ततो धर्मो जागर्ति विनयात्मकः ।
धर्माच्च ब्रह्मणः पुत्रो व्यवसायः सनातनः ॥ १२.१२२.७२ ॥
From Prajāpati, then, dharma whose nature is discipline stays awake; and from dharma, the son of Brahmā, the eternal resolve.
12.122.73
व्यवसायात्ततस्तेजो जागर्ति परिपालयत् ।
ओषध्यस्तेजसस्तस्मादोषधीभ्यश्च पर्वताः ॥ १२.१२२.७३ ॥
From resolve, then, radiance stays awake, guarding all. From radiance, the herbs (stay awake); and from those herbs, the mountains.
12.122.74
पर्वतेभ्यश्च जागर्ति रसो रसगुणात्तथा ।
जागर्ति निर्ऋतिर्देवी ज्योतींषि निर्ऋतीमनु ॥ १२.१२२.७४ ॥
From the mountains the sap stays awake, and so too by the quality of taste. The goddess Nirṛti stays awake; the lights follow after Nirṛti.
12.122.75
वेदाः प्रतिष्ठा ज्योतिर्भ्यस्ततो हयशिराः प्रभुः ।
ब्रह्मा पितामहस्तस्माज्जागर्ति प्रभुरव्ययः ॥ १२.१२२.७५ ॥
The Vedas have their foundation in the luminaries; then the lord Hayaśiras. From him the grandfather Brahmā stays awake, the imperishable lord stays awake.
12.122.76
पितामहान्महादेवो जागर्ति भगवाञ्शिवः ।
विश्वेदेवाः शिवाच्चापि विश्वेभ्य ऋषयस्तथा ॥ १२.१२२.७६ ॥
From the grandfather, the great god stays awake; the blessed Śiva stays awake. From Śiva the Viśvedevas too, and from the Viśvas the seers likewise.
12.122.77
ऋषिभ्यो भगवान्सोमः सोमाद्देवाः सनातनाः ।
देवेभ्यो ब्राह्मणा लोके जाग्रतीत्युपधारय ॥ १२.१२२.७७ ॥
From the seers, the blessed Soma; from Soma, the eternal gods. From the gods, the brahmins stay awake in the world — understand this.
12.122.78
ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्च राजन्या लोकान्रक्षन्ति धर्मताः ।
स्थावरं जङ्गमं चैव क्षत्रियेभ्यः सनातनम् ॥ १२.१२२.७८ ॥
From the brahmins the kings, the warriors, protect the worlds according to dharma. The immovable and the movable too, by the kṣatriyas, eternally.
12.122.79
प्रजा जाग्रति लोकेऽस्मिन्दण्डो जागर्ति तासु च ।
सर्वसंक्षेपको दण्डः पितामहसुतः प्रभुः ॥ १२.१२२.७९ ॥
In this world the creatures stay awake, and among them the rod of punishment stays awake. The rod of punishment, which sums up all, the son of the grandfather, the lord.
12.122.80
जागर्ति कालः पूर्वं च मध्ये चान्ते च भारत ।
ईशः सर्वस्य कालो हि महादेवः प्रजापतिः ॥ १२.१२२.८० ॥
Time keeps watch at the beginning, in the middle and at the end, O Bhārata. Time is the lord of all; indeed Time is the great god, Prajāpati.
12.122.81
देवदेवः शिवः सर्वो जागर्ति सततं प्रभुः ।
कपर्दी शंकरो रुद्रो भवः स्थाणुरुमापतिः ॥ १२.१२२.८१ ॥
Śiva, god of gods, the all-pervading lord, is ever awake: the matted-haired, Śaṅkara, Rudra, Bhava, Sthāṇu, lord of Umā.
12.122.82
इत्येष दण्डो व्याख्यातस्तथौषध्यस्तथापरे ।
भूमिपालो यथान्यायं वर्तेतानेन धर्मवित् ॥ १२.१२२.८२ ॥
Thus this rod of punishment has been explained, and likewise the herbs and other things. A king who knows dharma should rule righteously according to this.
12.122.83
इतीदं वसुहोमस्य योऽऽत्मवाञ्शृणुयान्मतम् ।
श्रुत्वा सम्यक्प्रवर्तेत स लोकानाप्नुयान्नृपः ॥ १२.१२२.८३ ॥
Whoever, self-controlled, hears this teaching of Vasuhoma, let him hear it and conduct himself rightly; such a king will attain the worlds.
12.122.84
इति ते सर्वमाख्यातं यो दण्डो मनुजर्षभ ।
नियन्ता सर्वलोकस्य धर्माक्रान्तस्य भारत ॥ १२.१२२.८४ ॥
Thus I have told you all of it: the rod of punishment, O best of men, is the governor of the whole world, for one bound by dharma, O Bhārata.
12.122.85
वसुहोमाच्छ्रुतं राज्ञा मान्धात्रा भूभृता पुरा ।
मयापि कथितं राजन्नाख्यानं प्रथितं मया ॥ १२.१२२.८५ ॥
King Māndhātṛ heard this long ago from Vasuhoma; and I too, O king, have related this renowned tale.