Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.156
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12.156.1
पापस्य यदधिष्ठानं यतः पापं प्रवर्तते ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं तत्त्वेन भरतर्षभ ॥ १२.१५६.१ ॥
What is the seat of sin, and from what does sin arise? This I wish to hear truly, O bull among the Bharatas.
12.156.2
पापस्य यदधिष्ठानं तच्छृणुष्व नराधिप ।
एको लोभो महाग्राहो लोभात्पापं प्रवर्तते ॥ १२.१५६.२ ॥
Listen, O lord of men, to that which is the seat of sin. Greed alone is the great seizing crocodile; from greed sin arises.
12.156.3
अतः पापमधर्मश्च तथा दुःखमनुत्तमम् ।
निकृत्या मूलमेतद्धि येन पापकृतो जनाः ॥ १२.१५६.३ ॥
Therefore sin, unrighteousness and supreme suffering have this as their root: deceit. By it, people become doers of sin.
12.156.4
लोभात्क्रोधः प्रभवति लोभात्कामः प्रवर्तते ।
लोभान्मोहश्च माया च मानस्तम्भः परासुता ॥ १२.१५६.४ ॥
From greed anger arises; from greed desire proceeds. From greed come delusion and illusion, the paralysis of pride, and hostility toward others.
12.156.5
अक्षमा ह्रीपरित्यागः श्रीनाशो धर्मसंक्षयः ।
अभिध्याऽप्रख्यता चैव सर्वं लोभात्प्रवर्तते ॥ १२.१५६.५ ॥
Impatience, the abandonment of modesty, the ruin of fortune, the decay of dharma, covetousness and loss of renown: all of this arises from greed.
12.156.6
अत्यागश्च कुतर्कश्च विकर्मसु च याः क्रियः ।
कुलविद्यामदश्चैव रूपैश्वर्यमदस्तथा ॥ १२.१५६.६ ॥
Stinginess and false reasoning, and the deeds done in wrong conduct; the pride of lineage and learning, and likewise the pride of beauty and power: these too arise from greed.
12.156.7
सर्वभूतेष्वभिद्रोहः सर्वभूतेष्वसत्कृतिः ।
सर्वभूतेष्वविश्वासः सर्वभूतेष्वनार्जवम् ॥ १२.१५६.७ ॥
Hostility toward all beings, contempt toward all beings, distrust of all beings, crookedness toward all beings.
12.156.8
हरणं परवित्तानां परदाराभिमर्शनम् ।
वाग्वेगो मनसो वेगो निन्दावेगस्तथैव च ॥ १२.१५६.८ ॥
Seizing others' wealth, touching others' wives, the impulse of speech, the impulse of the mind, and likewise the impulse of slander.
12.156.9
उपस्थोदरयोर्वेगो मृत्युवेगश्च दारुणः ।
ईर्ष्यावेगश्च बलवान्मिथ्यावेगश्च दुर्जयः ॥ १२.१५६.९ ॥
The urge of the genitals and the belly, the terrible urge of death, the powerful urge of envy, and the urge of falsehood, hard to conquer.
12.156.10
रसवेगश्च दुर्वार्यः श्रोत्रवेगश्च दुःसह ।
कुत्सा विकत्था मात्सर्यं पापं दुष्कर्मकारिता।
साहसानां च सर्वेषामकार्याणां क्रियास्तथा ॥ १२.१५६.१० ॥
The urge of taste is hard to restrain, the urge of hearing unbearable. Reproach, self-boasting, envy, sin, the doing of evil deeds, and all rash and improper actions likewise.
12.156.11
आतौ बाल्ये च कौमारे यौवने चापि मानवाः ।
न त्यजन्त्यात्मकर्मैकं यन्न जीर्यति जीर्यतः ॥ १२.१५६.११ ॥
In infancy, in childhood, in boyhood, and in youth, people do not abandon the one deed of their own that does not decay even as they grow old.
12.156.12
यो न पूरयितुं शक्यो लोभः प्रीत्या कथंचन ।
नित्यं गम्भीरतोयाभिरापगाभिरिवोदधिः ॥ १२.१५६.१२ ॥
That greed which cannot be filled by gratification in any way is always like the ocean, never filled by rivers with their deep waters.
12.156.13
न प्रहृष्यति यो लोभैः कामैर्यश्च न तृप्यति ।
यो न देवैर्न गन्धर्वैर्नासुरैर्न महोरगैः ॥ १२.१५६.१३ ॥
He who is not gladdened by greeds, and who is not satisfied by desires, who is not (satisfied) by gods, gandharvas, asuras, or great serpents.
12.156.14
ज्ञायते नृप तत्त्वेन सर्वैर्भूतगणैस्तथा ।
स लोभः सह मोहेन विजेतव्यो जितात्मना ॥ १२.१५६.१४ ॥
O king, it is truly known by all the hosts of beings. That greed, together with delusion, is to be conquered by one who has conquered himself.
12.156.15
दम्भो द्रोहश्च निन्दा च पैशून्यं मत्सरस्तथा ।
भवन्त्येतानि कौरव्य लुब्धानामकृतात्मनाम् ॥ १२.१५६.१५ ॥
Hypocrisy, malice, blame, slander and envy also arise. O descendant of Kuru, these arise in the greedy and in those whose selves are unrefined.
12.156.16
सुमहान्त्यपि शास्त्राणि धारयन्तो बहुश्रुताः ।
छेत्तारः संशयानां च क्लिश्यन्तीहाल्पबुद्धयः ॥ १२.१५६.१६ ॥
Even those who bear very great scriptures in mind, who are much-learned and cutters of doubts, suffer here, being of little understanding.
12.156.17
द्वेपक्रोधप्रसक्ताश्च शिष्टाचारबहिष्कृताः ।
अन्तःक्षुरा वाङ्भधुराः कृपाश्छन्नास्तृणैरिव ॥ १२.१५६.१७ ॥
Attached to hatred and anger, cast out from the conduct of the virtuous, razors within, sweet of speech, concealed like wells covered with grass.
12.156.18
धर्मवैतंसिकाः क्षुद्रा मुष्णन्ति ध्वजिनो जगत् ।
कुर्वते च बहून्मार्गांस्तान्हेतुबलमाश्रिताः।
सर्वमार्गान्विलुम्पन्ति लोभज्ञानेष्ववस्थिताः ॥ १२.१५६.१८ ॥
Base pretenders of dharma, banner-bearers, rob the world. Resorting to the strength of argument, they make many paths, and abiding in greed and in knowledge, they destroy all paths.
12.156.19
धर्मस्य ह्रियमाणस्य लोभग्रस्तैर्दुरात्मभिः ।
याया विक्रियते संस्था ततः साऽपि प्रपद्यते ॥ १२.१५६.१९ ॥
When dharma is carried off by the wicked, seized by greed, the order that is thereby distorted also falls into ruin.
12.156.20
दर्पः बोधो मदः स्वप्नो हर्षः शोकोऽभिमानिता ।
एत हि कौरव्य दृश्यन्ते लुब्धबुद्धिषु ॥ १२.१५६.२० ॥
These are seen in those whose minds are greedy, O Kaurava: pride, awareness, intoxication, sleep, elation, grief and conceit.
12.156.21
एताना टान्बुद्धस्व नित्यं लोभसमन्वितान् ।
शिष्टांस्तु परिपृच्छेथा यान्वक्ष्यामि शुचिव्रतान् ॥ १२.१५६.२१ ॥
Always recognise these men who are full of greed; but ask those virtuous ones of pure vows whom I am about to name.
12.156.22
येष्वावृत्तिभयं नास्ति परलोकभयं न च ।
नामिपेषु प्रसङ्गोऽस्ति न प्रियेष्वप्रियेषु च ॥ १२.१५६.२२ ॥
Those in whom there is no fear of rebirth, nor fear of the next world; who are not attached to worldly enjoyments, nor to what is pleasing or displeasing.
12.156.23
शिष्टाचारः प्रियो येषु दमो येषु प्रतिष्ठितः ।
सुखं दुःखं समं येषां सत्यं येषां परायणम् ॥ १२.१५६.२३ ॥
Those who love the conduct of the virtuous, in whom self-restraint is firmly established; for whom pleasure and pain are alike, and for whom truth is the supreme refuge.
12.156.24
दातारो न ग्रहीतारो दयावन्तस्नथैव च ।
पितृदेवातिथेयाश्च नित्योद्युक्तास्तथैव च ॥ १२.१५६.२४ ॥
They are givers, not takers; they are compassionate, and they honour the ancestors, the gods and guests, always eager to do so.
12.156.25
सर्वोपकारिणो वीराः सर्वधर्मानुपालकाः ।
सर्वभूतहिताश्चैव सर्वदेयाश्च भारत ॥ १२.१५६.२५ ॥
They are doers of good to all, heroes, guardians of every dharma, beneficent to all beings, and givers to all, O Bhārata.
12.156.26
न ते चालयितुं शक्या धर्मव्याहारकारिणः ।
न तेषां भिद्यते वृत्तं यत्पुरा साधुभिः कृतम् ॥ १२.१५६.२६ ॥
Those who act by speaking of dharma cannot be shaken; their conduct is not broken, as it was once practised by the good.
12.156.27
न त्रासिनो न चपला न रौद्राः सत्पथे स्थिताः ।
ते सेव्याः साधुभिर्नित्यमसाधूंश्च विवर्जयेत् ॥ १२.१५६.२७ ॥
Those who neither frighten, nor are fickle, nor fierce, who stand on the righteous path — these the good should always serve, and they should shun the wicked.
12.156.28
कामक्रोधव्यपेता ये निर्ममा निरहंकृताः ।
सुव्रताः स्थिरमर्यादास्तानुपास्व च पृच्छ च ॥ १२.१५६.२८ ॥
Those who are free of desire and anger, without possessiveness and without egoism, firm in their vows and steadfast in their bounds of conduct — serve them and question them.
12.156.29
न वागर्थं यशोर्थं वा धर्मस्तेपां युधिष्ठिर ।
अवश्यं कार्य इत्येव शरीरस्य क्रियास्तथा ॥ १२.१५६.२९ ॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, their dharma is not for the sake of speech, nor for the sake of fame; thinking 'this must surely be done,' they perform the actions of the body in the same spirit.
12.156.30
त भयं क्रोधचापल्ये न शोकस्तेषु विद्यते ।
न धर्मध्वजिनश्चैव न गुह्यं किंचिदास्थिताः ॥ १२.१५६.३० ॥
In them there is no fear, no anger or fickleness, and no grief; they are not hypocrites flying the banner of dharma, nor do they rely on any hidden thing.
12.156.31
येष्वलोभस्तथाऽमोहो ये च सत्यार्जवे स्थिताः ।
तेषु कौन्तेय रज्येथा येषां न भ्रश्यते पुनः ॥ १२.१५६.३१ ॥
Among those in whom there is freedom from greed and from delusion, and who abide in truth and uprightness, O son of Kuntī, take delight in them; their fall does not come again.
12.156.32
ये न हृष्यन्ति लाभेषु नालाभेषु व्यथन्ति च ।
निर्ममा निरहंकाराः सत्वस्थाः समदर्शिनः ॥ १२.१५६.३२ ॥
Those who do not rejoice in gain and are not distressed in loss, who are free from possessiveness and egoism, established in goodness, and see all alike.
12.156.33
लाभालाभौ सुखदुःखे च तात ।
प्रियाप्रिये मरणं जीवितं च।
समानि येषां स्थिरविक्रमाणां ।
बुभुत्सतां सत्यपथे स्थितानाम् ॥ १२.१५६.३३ ॥
Gain and loss, pleasure and pain, the dear and the disliked, death and life — these are equal for those of steadfast courage who desire knowledge and abide on the path of truth, dear one.
12.156.34
धर्मप्रियांस्तान्सुमहानुभावान् ।
दान्तोऽप्रमत्तश्च समर्चयेथाः।
दैवात्सर्वे गुणवन्तो भवन्ति ।
शुभाशुभे वाक्प्रलापास्तथाऽन्ये ॥ १२.१५६.३४ ॥
You should honour those great-minded men who love dharma, being self-controlled and attentive. By fate all become endowed with virtue; good and bad, and other such idle talk, are mere words.