Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.161
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12.161.1
यतः प्रभवति क्रोधः कामो वा भरतर्षभ ।
शोकमोहौ विधित्सा च परासुत्वं तथा मदः ॥ १२.१६१.१ ॥
Bull of the Bharatas, from what does anger arise, or desire? And grief and delusion, the wish to act, the state of spiritual death, and likewise intoxication: from what do these arise?
12.161.2
लोभो मात्सर्यमीर्ष्या च कुत्साऽसूया कृपा भयम् ।
एतत्सर्वं महाप्राज्ञ याथातथ्येन मे वद ॥ १२.१६१.२ ॥
Greed, jealousy, envy, contempt, malice, pity and fear — all of these, O greatly wise one, tell me truly as they are.
12.161.3
त्रयोदशैतेऽतिबलाः शत्रवः प्राणिनां स्मृताः ।
उपासते महाराज समन्तात्पुरुषानिह ॥ १२.१६१.३ ॥
These thirteen very mighty enemies of living beings are remembered, great king; they sit about men on every side here.
12.161.4
एते प्रमत्तं पुरुषमप्रमत्तास्तुदन्ति च ।
वृका इव विलुम्पन्ति दृष्ट्वेव पुरुषेतरान् ॥ १२.१६१.४ ॥
These assail the heedless man, and they also harass the vigilant; like wolves, seeing other men, they tear them apart.
12.161.5
एभ्यः प्रवर्तते दुःखमेभ्यः पापं प्रवर्तते ।
इति मर्त्यो विजानीयात्सततं पुरुषर्षभ ॥ १२.१६१.५ ॥
From these suffering arises; from these sin arises. Thus a mortal should always know this, O bull among men.
12.161.6
एतेषामुदयं स्थानं क्षयं च पृथिवीपते ।
हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि क्रोधस्योत्पत्तिमादितः।
यथातत्त्वं क्षितिपते तन्मे निगदतः शृणु ॥ १२.१६१.६ ॥
Lord of the earth, I will tell you truly of their rise, their abode and their decline, and of the origin of anger from the beginning. Listen, O lord of the earth, as I speak it.
12.161.7
लोभात्क्रोधः प्रभवति परदोषैरुदीर्यते ।
क्षमया तिष्ठते राजन्क्षमया विनिवर्तते ॥ १२.१६१.७ ॥
From greed anger arises; it is provoked by the faults of others. O king, it remains by forbearance, and by forbearance it turns back.
12.161.8
संकल्पाज्जायते कामः सेव्यमानो विवर्धते ।
यदा प्राज्ञो विरमते तदा सद्यः प्रणश्यति ॥ १२.१६१.८ ॥
From resolve desire is born; when indulged it grows. When the wise man desists, it perishes at once.
12.161.9
परामूया क्रोधलोभावन्तरा प्रतिमुच्यते ।
दयया सर्वभूतानां निर्वेदाद्विनिवर्तते।
अवद्यदर्शनादेति तत्त्वज्ञानाच्च नश्यति ॥ १२.१६१.९ ॥
When overpowered, anger and greed are released midway. Through compassion toward all beings, and through dispassion, it turns back. From seeing the fault it departs, and by knowledge of reality it perishes.
12.161.10
अज्ञानप्रभवो मोहः पापाभ्यासात्प्रवर्तते ।
यदा प्राज्ञेषु रमते तदा सद्यः प्रणश्यति ॥ १२.१६१.१० ॥
Delusion, born of ignorance, arises through the habit of wrongdoing. When one delights in the wise, it perishes at once.
12.161.11
विरुद्धानीह शास्त्राणि ये पश्यन्ति कुरूद्वह ।
विधित्सा जायते तेषां तत्त्वज्ञानान्निवर्तते ॥ १२.१६१.११ ॥
O best of the Kurus, in those who see the scriptures contradicting one another here, the desire to resolve them arises; through knowledge of reality it turns back.
12.161.12
प्रीतेः शोकः प्रभवति वियोगात्तस्य देहिनः ।
यदा निरर्थकं वेत्ति तदा सद्यः प्रणश्यति ॥ १२.१६१.१२ ॥
From attachment grief arises, from the separation of that embodied being. When one knows it as meaningless, it perishes at once.
12.161.13
परासुता क्रोधलोभादभ्यासाच्च प्रवर्तते ।
दयया सर्वभूतानां निर्वेदात्सा निवर्तते ॥ १२.१६१.१३ ॥
Exhaustion of breath arises from anger and greed, and from habit. By compassion for all beings, and by dispassion, it turns back and ceases.
12.161.14
सत्यत्यागात्तु मात्सर्यमहितानां च सेवया ।
एतत्तु क्षीयते तात साधूनामुपसेवनात् ॥ १२.१६१.१४ ॥
Envy arises from abandoning truth and from serving those who are not beneficial. But, dear child, it is destroyed by attending upon the good.
12.161.15
कुलाञ्ज्ञानात्तथैश्वर्यान्मदो भवति देहिनाम् ।
एभिरेव तु विज्ञातैर्मदः सद्यः प्रणश्यति ॥ १२.१६१.१५ ॥
From lineage, from knowledge, and likewise from power, pride arises in embodied beings. But when these very things are rightly understood, that pride is destroyed at once.
12.161.16
ईर्ष्या कामात्प्रभवति संहर्षाच्चैव जायते ।
इतरेषां तु सत्वानां प्रज्ञया सा प्रणश्यति ॥ १२.१६१.१६ ॥
Envy arises from desire, and is also born of exultation. But in other creatures it is destroyed by wisdom.
12.161.17
विभ्रमाल्लोकबाह्यानां द्वेष्यैर्वाक्यैरसंमतैः ।
कुत्सा संजायते राजँल्लोकान्प्रेक्ष्याभिशाम्यति ॥ १२.१६१.१७ ॥
From delusion, and from the hateful and disapproved words of those outside the world, contempt arises, O king. Seeing the worlds, it is calmed.
12.161.18
प्रतिकर्तुं न शक्ता ये बलस्थायापकारिणे ।
असूया जायते तीव्रा कारुण्याद्विनिवर्तते ॥ १२.१६१.१८ ॥
In those who are not able to requite the mighty one who has done them harm, fierce resentment arises. By compassion it is turned back.
12.161.19
कृपणान्सततं दृष्ट्वा ततः संजायते कृपा ।
धर्मनिष्ठां यदा वेत्ति तदा शाम्यति सा कृपा ॥ १२.१६१.१९ ॥
Having constantly seen the wretched, then compassion arises; when one perceives steadfastness in dharma, that compassion subsides.
12.161.20
अज्ञानप्रभवो लोभो भूतानां दृश्यते सदा ।
अस्थिरत्वं च भोगानां दृष्ट्वा ज्ञात्वा निवर्तते ॥ १२.१६१.२० ॥
Greed, born of ignorance, is always seen in beings; having seen and known the impermanence of enjoyments, one turns away.
12.161.21
एतान्येव जितान्याहुः प्रशान्तेन त्रयोदश ।
एते हि धार्तराष्ट्राणां सर्वे दोषास्त्रयोदश।
त्वया सत्यार्थिना नित्यं विजिता जेष्यता चते ॥ १२.१६१.२१ ॥
These thirteen, they say, are conquered by the tranquil man. These are indeed the thirteen faults of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons; you, seeking truth, have always conquered them and will conquer them.