Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.185
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12.185.1
न प्रणाशोऽस्ति जीवानां दत्तस्य च कृतस्य च ।
याति देहान्तरं प्राणी शरीरं तु विशीर्यते ॥ १२.१८५.१ ॥
There is no destruction for living beings, nor of what is given or what is done. The living being passes into another body, but the body decays.
12.185.2
न शरीराश्रितो जीवस्तस्मिन्नष्टे प्रणश्यति ।
यथा समित्सु दग्धासु न प्रणश्यति पावकः ॥ १२.१८५.२ ॥
The living self does not depend on the body, and when that is destroyed it does not perish, just as fire does not perish when the firewood is burnt.
12.185.3
अग्नेर्यथा समिद्धस्य यदि नाशो न विद्यते ।
इन्धनस्योपयोगान्ते स चाग्निर्नोपलभ्यते ॥ १२.१८५.३ ॥
If the kindled fire does not perish, why is that fire not perceived once the fuel has run out?
12.185.4
नश्यतीत्येव जानामि शान्तमग्निमनिन्धनम् ।
मतिर्यस्य प्रमाणं वा संस्थानं वा न दृश्यते ॥ १२.१८५.४ ॥
I know that fire, extinguished without fuel, perishes. That whose understanding, measure or form is not seen is held to have perished.
12.185.5
जीवस्य चेन्धनाग्नेश्च सदा नाशो न विद्यते ।
समिधामुपयोगान्ते सन्नेवाग्निर्न दृश्यते।
आकाशानुगतत्वाद्धि दुर्ग्रहः स निराश्रयः ॥ १२.१८५.५ ॥
Neither the living self nor the fuel-fire ever perishes. When the use of the firewood ends, the fire is not seen though it still exists; following the ether, it is hard to grasp and without support.
12.185.6
तथा शरीरसंत्यागे जीवो ह्याकाशमाश्रितः ।
न गृह्यते तु सूक्ष्मत्वाद्यथा ज्योतिरनिन्धनम् ॥ १२.१८५.६ ॥
So too, when the body is abandoned, the living self rests in the ether and is not grasped, because it is subtle, like light without fuel.
12.185.7
प्राणान्धारयते योऽग्निः स जीव उपधार्यताम् ।
वायुसंधारणो ह्यग्निर्नश्यत्युच्छ्वासनिग्रहात् ॥ १२.१८५.७ ॥
The fire that sustains the vital breaths should be understood as the living self. That fire, held up by air, is extinguished when the breath is stopped.
12.185.8
तस्मिन्नष्टे शरीराग्नौ शरीरं तदचेतनम् ।
पतितं याति भूमित्वमयनं तस्य हि क्षितिः ॥ १२.१८५.८ ॥
When that fire of the body is extinguished, the unconscious body falls and goes to the state of earth, for earth is its resting place.
12.185.9
जङ्गमानां हि सर्वेषां स्थावराणां तथैव च ।
आकाशं पवनोऽन्वेति ज्योतिस्तमनुगच्छति।
तेषां त्रयाणामेकत्वं द्वयं भूमौ प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥ १२.१८५.९ ॥
In all moving and unmoving beings, air follows space, and fire follows air. In the unity of these three, two remain established on the earth.
12.185.10
यत्र खं तत्र पवनस्तत्राग्निर्यत्र मारुतः ।
अमूर्तयस्ते विज्ञेया आपो मूर्तास्तथा क्षितिः ॥ १२.१८५.१० ॥
Where there is space, there is air; where there is air, there is fire. These three should be known as formless, while water and earth are formed.
12.185.11
यद्यग्निमारुतौ भूमिः खमापश्च शरीरिषु ।
जीवः किंलक्षणस्तत्रेत्येतदाचक्ष्व मेऽनघ ॥ १२.१८५.११ ॥
If fire, wind, earth, space and water are in embodied beings, then what is the mark of the living self among them? O sinless one, explain this to me.
12.185.12
पञ्चात्मके पञ्चरतौ पञ्चविज्ञानसंयुते ।
शरीरे प्राणिनां जीवं वेत्तुमिच्छामि यादृशम् ॥ १२.१८५.१२ ॥
I wish to know what kind of living self dwells among living beings in a body made of five elements, joined to five delights and united with five perceptions.
12.185.13
मांसशोणितसंघाते मेदः स्नाय्वस्थिसंचये ।
भिद्यमाने शरीरे तु जीवो नैवोपलभ्यते ॥ १२.१८५.१३ ॥
When the body, a mass of flesh and blood with fat, sinews and bones piled together, is broken apart, the living self is not found.
12.185.14
यद्यजीवं शरीरं तु पञ्चभूतसमन्वितम् ।
शारीरे मानसे दुःखे कस्तां वेदयते रुजम् ॥ १२.१८५.१४ ॥
If the body joined with the five elements is without a living self, who makes that pain felt in bodily or mental suffering?
12.185.15
शृणोति कथितं जीवः कर्णाभ्यां न शृणोति तत् ।
महर्षे मनसि व्यग्रे तस्माज्जीवो निरर्थकः ॥ १२.१८५.१५ ॥
The living self hears what is spoken, yet it does not hear it with the ears. O great seer, when the mind is distracted, the living self is purposeless.
12.185.16
सर्वं पश्यति यद्दृश्यं मनोयुक्तेन चक्षुषा ।
मनसि व्याकुले तस्मिन्पश्यन्नपि न पश्यति ॥ १२.१८५.१६ ॥
Through the eye joined with the mind, one sees all that is visible; but when the mind is agitated, one sees without seeing even while looking.
12.185.17
न पश्यति न चाघ्राति न शृणोति न भाषते ।
न च स्पर्शरसौ वेत्ति निद्रावशगतः पुनः ॥ १२.१८५.१७ ॥
Gone under the power of sleep, the living self again does not see, does not smell, does not hear, does not speak, and does not know touch or taste.
12.185.18
हृष्यति क्रुध्यते कोऽत्र शोचत्युद्विजते च कः ।
इच्छति ध्यायति द्वेष्टि वाचमीरयते च कः ॥ १२.१८५.१८ ॥
Who here rejoices, who grows angry, who grieves, who is agitated? Who desires, meditates, hates, and who utters speech?
12.185.19
न पञ्चसाधारणमत्र किंचि ।
च्छरीरमेकी वहतेऽन्तरात्मा।
स वेत्ति गन्धांश्च रसाञ्श्रुतीश्च ।
स्पर्शं च रूपं च गुणाश्च येऽन्ये ॥ १२.१८५.१९ ॥
Here nothing is common to the five elements. The inner self alone carries the body. It knows odours, tastes, sounds, touch, form, and the other qualities.
12.185.20
पञ्चात्मके पञ्चगुणप्रदर्शी ।
स सर्वगात्रानुगतोऽन्तरात्मा।
स वेत्ति दुःखानि सुखानि चात्र ।
तद्विप्रयोगात्तु न वेत्ति देही ॥ १२.१८५.२० ॥
In the body made of five, the inner self is the perceiver of the five qualities. Pervading all the limbs, he here knows pains and pleasures, but when separated from them, the embodied one does not know.
12.185.21
यदा न रूपं न स्पर्शो नोष्मभावश्च पञ्चके ।
तदा शान्ते शरीराग्नौ देहं त्यक्त्वा न नश्यति ॥ १२.१८५.२१ ॥
When in this five-fold body there is no form, no touch, and no state of heat, then, when the bodily fire is quenched, he does not perish even after abandoning the body.
12.185.22
अम्मयं सर्वमेवेदमापो मूर्तिः शरीरिणाम् ।
तत्रात्मा मानसो ब्रह्मा सर्व भूतेषु लोककृत् ॥ १२.१८५.२२ ॥
All this is made of water; water is the form of embodied beings. Therein the mental self is Brahmā, the creator of the worlds among all beings.
12.185.23
आत्मा क्षेत्रज्ञ इत्युक्तः संयुक्तः प्राकृतैर्गुणैः ।
तैरेव तु विनिर्मुक्तः परमात्मेत्युदाहृतः ॥ १२.१८५.२३ ॥
The self is called the knower of the field, joined with the natural qualities; but freed from those very qualities, it is declared to be the supreme self.
12.185.24
आत्मानं तं विजानीहि सर्वलोकविपाचकम् ।
स तस्मिन्संश्रितो देहे ह्यब्बिन्दुरिव पुष्करे ॥ १२.१८५.२४ ॥
Know that self, which ripens all worlds. He dwells in this body, like a drop of water on a lotus leaf.
12.185.25
क्षेत्रज्ञं तं विजानीहि नित्यं लोकहितात्मकम् ।
तमो रजश्च सत्त्वं च विद्धि जीवगुणानिमान् ॥ १२.१८५.२५ ॥
Know him as the knower of the field, whose nature is always the welfare of the worlds. Know darkness, passion and goodness to be the qualities of the living being.
12.185.26
सचेतनं जीवगुणं वदन्ति ।
स चेष्टते चेष्टयते च सर्वम्।
ततः परं क्षेत्रविदो वदन्ति ।
प्रावर्तयद्यो भुवनानि सप्त ॥ १२.१८५.२६ ॥
They call this the quality of the living being endowed with consciousness. He moves and causes all things to move. Beyond that, the knowers of the field speak of him who sets the seven worlds in motion.
12.185.27
न जीवनाशोऽस्ति हि देहभेदे ।
मिथ्यैतदाहुर्मुत इत्यबुद्धाः।
जीवस्तु देहान्तरितः प्रयाति ।
दशार्धतैवास्य शरीरभेदः ॥ १२.१८५.२७ ॥
At the breaking of the body the living being does not perish. To say 'he is dead' is false; the unwise say so. The living being, transferred into another body, departs; his change of body is only …
12.185.28
एवं सर्वेषु भूतेषु गूढश्चरति संवृतः ।
दृश्यते त्वग्र्यया बुद्ध्या सूक्ष्मया तत्त्वदर्शिभिः ॥ १२.१८५.२८ ॥
Thus he moves hidden and veiled within all beings. Yet he is seen by those who see the truth, through the supreme and subtle intellect.
12.185.29
तं पूर्वापररात्रेषु युञ्जानः सततं बुधः ।
लध्वाहारो विशुद्धात्मा पश्यत्यात्मानंमात्मनि ॥ १२.१८५.२९ ॥
In the early and late parts of the night, the wise one who constantly practises yoga, eats lightly, and has a pure self, sees him — the self within the self.
12.185.30
चित्तस्य हि प्रसादेन हित्वा कर्म शुभाशुभम् ।
प्रसन्नात्माऽत्मनि स्थित्वा सुखमव्ययमश्नुते ॥ १२.१८५.३० ॥
Through the serenity of the mind, having abandoned good and bad action, with a serene self abiding in the self, he attains imperishable happiness.
12.185.31
मानसोऽग्निः शरीरेषु जीव इत्यभिधीयते ।
सृष्टिः प्रजापतेरेषा भूताध्यात्मविनिश्चया ॥ १२.१८५.३१ ॥
In bodies, the fire of the mind is what is called the living self. This is the creation of Prajāpati, the determination concerning the elements and the inner self.