Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.217
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12.217.1
दुरन्तेष्विन्द्रियार्थेषु सक्ताः सीदन्ति जन्तवः ।
ये त्वसक्ता महात्मानस्ते यान्ति परमां गतिम् ॥ १२.२१७.१ ॥
Living beings attached to the objects of the senses, which are hard to end, sink down; but the great-souled ones who are unattached attain the supreme goal.
12.217.2
जन्ममृत्युजरादुःखैर्व्याधिभिर्मानसक्लमैः ।
दृष्ट्वैव संततं लोकं घटेन्मोक्षाय बुद्धिमान् ॥ १२.२१७.२ ॥
Seeing the world constantly afflicted by the sufferings of birth, death and old age, by diseases and mental exhaustion, the wise man should strive for liberation.
12.217.3
वाङ्भनोभ्यां शरीरेण शुचिः स्यादनहंकृतः ।
प्रशान्तो ज्ञानवान्भिक्षुर्निरपेक्षश्चरेत्सुखम् ॥ १२.२१७.३ ॥
Pure in speech, mind and body, free from egoism, tranquil and possessed of knowledge, the mendicant should wander happily, free from expectation.
12.217.4
वशा मोक्षवतां पाशास्तासां रूपं प्रदर्शकम् ।
दुर्ग्रहं पश्यमानोऽपि मन्यते मोहितस्तदा ॥ १२.२१७.४ ॥
For those who seek liberation these are snares to be subdued; their very form reveals them. Though one sees them as hard to grasp, the deluded man then thinks them easy.
12.217.5
एवं पश्यन्तमात्मानमनुध्यातं हि बन्धुषु ।
अयथात्वेन जानामि भेदरूपेण संस्थितम् ॥ १२.२१७.५ ॥
Thus, seeing the self meditated upon among kinsmen, I know it stands not in its true nature but in the form of division.
12.217.6
अथवा मनसः सङ्गं पश्येद्भूतानुकम्पया ।
तत्राप्युपेक्षां कुर्वीत ज्ञात्वा कर्मफलं जगत् ॥ १२.२१७.६ ॥
Or let him see attachment of the mind with compassion for beings; there too he should practise detachment, knowing the world to be the fruit of action.
12.217.7
यत्कृतं स्याच्छुभं कर्म पापं वा यदि वाऽश्नुते ।
तस्माच्छुभानि कर्माणि कुर्याद्वा बुद्धिकर्मभिः ॥ १२.२१७.७ ॥
Whatever good or evil action has been done, one reaps its result; therefore one should do good actions guided by understanding.
12.217.8
अहिंसा सत्यवचनं सर्वभूतेषु चार्जवम् ।
क्षमा चैवाप्रमादश्च यस्यैते स सुखी भवेत् ॥ १२.२१७.८ ॥
Non-violence, truthful speech, uprightness toward all beings, forbearance and vigilance—he in whom these exist will be happy.
12.217.9
अनक्षसाध्यं तद्ब्रह्म निर्मलं जगतः परम् ।
स्वात्मप्रकाशमग्राह्यमहेतुकमचञ्चलम् ॥ १२.२१७.९ ॥
That Brahman is not attained by the senses; it is stainless, supreme over the world, self-luminous, ungraspable, causeless and unmoving.
12.217.10
विवेकज्ञानवाचिस्थो ह्याशुरूपेण संस्थितः ।
वैकारिकात्प्रदृश्येतै गैरिके मधुधारवत् ॥ १२.२१७.१० ॥
He who abides in discriminating knowledge and in speech is established swiftly in form; beyond the modifications he is seen, like a stream of honey in ochre.
12.217.11
यश्चैनं परमं धर्मं सर्वभूतसुखावहम् ।
दुःखान्निः सरणं वेद तत्त्वज्ञः स सुखी भवेत् ॥ १२.२१७.११ ॥
He who knows this supreme dharma, which brings happiness to all beings and is the way out of suffering, the knower of truth, will be happy.
12.217.12
तस्मात्समाहितं बुद्ध्या मनो भूतेषु धारयेत् ।
नापथ्यायेन्न स्पृहयेन्नाबद्धं चिन्तयेदसत् ॥ १२.२१७.१२ ॥
Therefore one should hold the mind, composed by understanding, steadily toward beings; one should not wish harm, nor covet, nor dwell on what is unreal and unbound.
12.217.13
अथामोघप्रयत्नेन मनो ज्ञाने निवेशयेत् ।
सुवाचोऽथ प्रयोगेण मनोज्ञं संप्रवर्तते ॥ १२.२१७.१३ ॥
Then, by an unfailing effort, let one fix the mind upon knowledge. Good speech too, through practice, comes forth pleasing to the mind.
12.217.14
विवेकयित्वा तद्वाक्यं धर्मसूक्ष्ममवेक्ष्य च ।
सत्यां वाचमहिंस्रां च वदेदनपवादिनीम् ॥ १२.२१७.१४ ॥
Having discerned that statement and considered the subtle nature of dharma, let one speak truthful, non-harming speech that is free of reproach.
12.217.15
कल्कापेतामपरुषामनृशंसामपैशुनीम् ।
ईदृगल्पं च वक्तव्यमविक्षिप्तेन चेतसा ॥ १२.२१७.१५ ॥
Let one speak words free of impurity, harshness, cruelty and slander; and such brief words should be spoken with an undistracted mind.
12.217.16
वाक्यबन्धेन संरागविहाराद्व्याहरेद्यदि ।
बुद्ध्याऽप्यनुगृहीतेन मनसा कर्म तामसम् ॥ १२.२१७.१६ ॥
If one speaks through the binding of words or the play of passion, then even action done by a mind supported by intellect is tamasic.
12.217.17
रजोभूतैर्हि करणैः कर्मणि प्रतिपद्यते ।
स दुःखं प्राप्य लोकेऽस्मिन्नरकायोपपद्यते।
तस्मान्मनोवाक्शरीरैराचरेद्वैर्यमात्मनः ॥ १२.२१७.१७ ॥
With senses filled with rajas a person engages in action; having obtained suffering in this world, he is born for hell. Therefore one should steadily govern oneself by mind, speech and body.
12.217.18
प्रकीर्ण एव भारो हि यद्वद्धार्येत दस्युभिः ।
प्रतिलोमां दिशं बुद्ध्वा संसारमबुधास्तथा।
संसारमार्गमापन्नः प्रतिलोमं विवर्जयेत् ॥ १२.२१७.१८ ॥
Just as a scattered burden is seized by robbers, so too, having understood the reversed direction, the unwise who have fallen onto the path of saṃsāra should avoid what is reversed.
12.217.19
तामेव च यथा दस्यून्हत्वा गच्छेच्छिवां दिशम् ।
तथा रजस्तमः कर्माण्युत्सृज्य प्राप्नुयाच्छुभम् ॥ १२.२१७.१९ ॥
As, having slain the robbers, one goes toward that auspicious direction, so, having abandoned the actions of passion and darkness, one should attain the good.
12.217.20
निःसंदिग्धमनीहो वै मुक्तः सर्वपरिग्रहैः ।
विविक्तचारी लघ्वाशी तपस्वी नियतेन्द्रियः ॥ १२.२१७.२० ॥
Free from doubt, without desire, indeed liberated from all possessions, one who wanders in solitude, eats little, is an ascetic, and has controlled senses, is truly free.
12.217.21
ज्ञानदग्धपरिक्लेशः प्रयोगरतिरात्मवान् ।
निष्प्रचारेण मनसा परं तदधिगच्छति ॥ १२.२१७.२१ ॥
One whose afflictions are burnt by knowledge, who delights in practice and is self-controlled, attains that highest with a mind free of wandering.
12.217.22
धृतिमानात्मवान्बुद्धिं निगृह्णीयादसंशयम् ।
मनो बुद्ध्या निगृह्णीयाद्विषयान्मनसाऽऽत्मनः।
योजयित्वा मनस्तत्र निश्चलं परमात्मनि ॥ १२.२१७.२२ ॥
The steadfast, self-controlled one should undoubtedly restrain the intellect; he should restrain the mind by the intellect and restrain the objects of the senses by the mind; having fixed the mind there, steady in the supreme Self.
12.217.23
योगाभिसन्धियुक्तस्य ब्रह्म तत्संप्रकाशते ।
ऐकान्त्यं तदिदं विद्धि सर्ववस्त्वन्तरस्थितिः ॥ १२.२१७.२३ ॥
To one engaged in the resolve of yoga, that Brahman shines forth. Know this to be exclusive oneness: the abiding within all things.
12.217.24
विशेषहीनं गृह्णन्ति विशेषां कारणात्मिकाम् ।
अथवा न प्रभुस्तत्र परमात्मनि वर्तितुम्।
आगामित्तत्त्वं योगात्मा योगतन्त्रमुपक्रमेत् ॥ १२.२१७.२४ ॥
They grasp either the undifferentiated or the differentiated that consists of causes; or else they are not able to abide in the supreme Self there. Let the yogin, taking up the truth of the scripture, begin the discipline of yoga.
12.217.25
निगृहीतेन्द्रियस्यास्य कुर्वाणस्य मनो वशे ।
देवतास्ताः प्रकाशन्ते हृष्टा यान्ति तमीश्वरम् ॥ १२.२१७.२५ ॥
For him whose senses are restrained and who brings the mind under control, those deities become manifest; delighted, they go to that Lord.
12.217.26
ताभिः संयुक्तमनसो ब्रह्म तत्संप्रकाशते ।
शनैश्चापगते सत्वे ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥ १२.२१७.२६ ॥
When the mind is joined with those deities, that Brahman shines forth fully; and when the quality of goodness gradually departs, he becomes fit for becoming Brahman.
12.217.27
अथवा न प्रवर्तेत योगतन्त्रैरुपक्रमेत् ।
योगतन्त्रमयं तन्त्रं वृत्तिः स्यात्ततदाचरेत् ॥ १२.२१७.२७ ॥
Or, if he does not engage in them, let him begin with the methods of yoga; let the discipline made of yoga-tantras be his way of life, let him practise exactly that.
12.217.28
कणकुल्माषपिण्याकशाकयावकसक्तवः ।
तथा मूलफलं भैक्ष्यं पर्यायेणोपयोजयेत् ॥ १२.२१७.२८ ॥
Grain-husks, boiled beans, oil-cake, vegetables, barley-gruel and parched meal; likewise roots, fruits and alms-food — let him make use of them in turn.
12.217.29
आहारनियमं चैव देशे काले च सात्विकः ।
तत्परीक्ष्यानुवर्तेत यत्प्रवृत्त्यनुवर्तकम् ॥ १२.२१७.२९ ॥
According to place and time, the one of pure nature should keep a rule of diet; having tested it, let him follow what accords with his progress.
12.217.30
प्रवृत्तं नोपरुन्धेत शनैरग्निमिवेन्धयेत् ।
ज्ञानैधितं तथा ज्ञानमर्कवत्संप्रकाशते ॥ १२.२१७.३० ॥
Let him not obstruct the progress that has begun; let him kindle it gradually, as one kindles a fire. Knowledge kindled by knowledge shines forth like the sun.
12.217.31
ज्ञानाधिष्ठानमज्ञानं त्रील्लोँकानधितिष्ठति ।
विज्ञानानुगतं ज्ञानमज्ञानेनापकृष्यते ॥ १२.२१७.३१ ॥
Ignorance, the foundation of knowledge, stands over the three worlds. Knowledge accompanied by discernment is pulled down by ignorance.
12.217.32
पृथक्त्वात्संप्रयोगाच्च नासूयुर्वेद शाश्वतम् ।
स तयोरपवर्गज्ञो वीतरागो विमुच्यते ॥ १२.२१७.३२ ॥
The envious man does not know the eternal, owing to separateness and union. He who knows release from both, free from passion, is liberated.
12.217.33
वयोतीतो जरामृत्यू जित्वा ब्रह्म सनातनम् ।
अमृतं तदवाप्नोति यत्तदक्षरमव्ययम् ॥ १२.२१७.३३ ॥
Beyond age, having conquered old age and death, he attains the eternal Brahman. He obtains that immortality which is imperishable and undecaying.