Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.231
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12.231.1
पुनेरव तु सं शक्रः अहसन्निदमब्रवीत् ।
निश्वसन्तं यथा गायं प्रत्याहाराय भारत ॥ १२.२३१.१ ॥
Then Indra laughed and spoke this, as if instructing the sighing Gāya in withdrawal of the senses, O Bhārata.
12.231.2
यथज्ञानसहस्रेण ज्ञातिभिः परिवारितः ।
लोकान्यतापयन्तर्वान्यास्यस्मानवितर्कयन् ॥ १२.२३१.२ ॥
As you, surrounded by kinsmen and a thousand ignorances, torment the worlds, or thinking of us.
12.231.3
दृष्ट्वा सुकृष्णां चेमागयस्थामात्मनो बले ।
ज्ञातिमित्रपरित्यक्तः शोचस्याहो न शोचसि ॥ १२.२३१.३ ॥
Seeing this very dark state standing within your own strength, you grieve, abandoned by kinsmen and friends—alas, you do not grieve over what you should grieve over.
12.231.4
प्रीतिं प्राप्यातुलां पूर्वं लोकांश्चात्मवशे स्थितान् ।
विनिपातमिमं चाद्य शोचस्याहो न शोचसि ॥ १२.२३१.४ ॥
Having once obtained incomparable joy and seen the worlds established under your own control, you now grieve over this downfall—alas, you do not grieve over what you should grieve over.
12.231.5
गर्वं हित्वा तथा मानं देवराज शृणुष्व मे ।
मया च त्वाऽनुसद्भावं पूर्वमाचरितं महत् ॥ १२.२३१.५ ॥
O king of the gods, abandon pride and honour and listen to me; I formerly showed you a great kindness.
12.231.6
अवश्यकालपर्यायमात्मनः परिवर्तनम् ।
अविदँल्लोकमाहात्म्यं… ॥ १२.२३१.६ ॥
The inevitable cycle of time and one's own reversal, not knowing the greatness of the worlds…
12.231.7
अनित्यमुपलक्ष्येह कालपर्यायमात्मनः ।
तस्माच्छक्र न शोचामि सर्वं ह्येवेदमन्तवत् ॥ १२.२३१.७ ॥
Perceiving here that the cycle of time within the self is impermanent, therefore, O Śakra, I do not grieve; all this is indeed subject to end.
12.231.8
अन्तवन्त इमे देहा भूतानां च सुराधिप ।
तेन शक्र न शोचामि नापराधादिदं मम ॥ १२.२३१.८ ॥
These bodies, and the bodies of beings, have an end, O lord of the gods; therefore, O Śakra, I do not grieve, and this has not come from my fault.
12.231.9
जीवितं च शरीरं च जात्या वै सह जायते ।
उभे सह विवर्धेते उभे सह विनश्यतः ॥ १२.२३१.९ ॥
Life and body are born together with birth; both grow together, and both perish together.
12.231.10
न हीदृशमहंभावमवशः प्राप्य केवलम् ।
यदेवमभिजानामि का व्यथा मे विजानतः ॥ १२.२३१.१० ॥
Having obtained such a sense of self, I am not helpless, since I know it thus; what distress could there be for one who knows?
12.231.11
भूतानां निधनं निष्ठा स्रोतसामिव सागरः ।
नैतत्सम्यग्विजानन्तो नरा मुह्यन्ति वज्रधृत् ॥ १२.२३१.११ ॥
Death is the final end of beings, as the ocean is the end of rivers; men who do not rightly know this are bewildered, O wielder of the thunderbolt.
12.231.12
ये त्वेवं नाभिजानन्ति रजोमोहपरायणाः ।
ते कृच्छ्रं प्राप्य सीदन्ति बुद्धिर्येषां प्रणश्यति ॥ १२.२३१.१२ ॥
But those who, devoted to passion and delusion, do not know it thus, reach distress and sink; their understanding is destroyed.
12.231.13
बुद्धिलाभात्तु पुरुषः सर्वं तुदति किल्विषम् ।
विपाप्मा लभते सत्वं सत्वस्थः संप्रसीदति ॥ १२.२३१.१३ ॥
By gaining understanding a person removes all sin. Free from evil, he attains purity of mind, and established in that purity he becomes serene.
12.231.14
ततस्तु ये निवर्तन्ते जायन्ते वा पुनः पुनः ।
कृपणाः परितप्यन्ते तैरर्थैरभिचोदिताः ॥ १२.२३१.१४ ॥
Then those who turn back, or are born again and again, the wretched, driven by those aims, are tormented.
12.231.15
अर्थसिद्धिमनर्थं च जीवितं मरणं तथा ।
सुखं दुःखं फलं चैव न द्वेष्मि न च कामये ॥ १२.२३१.१५ ॥
Attainment of aims and loss, life and death, likewise pleasure and pain, and the fruit: these I neither hate nor desire.
12.231.16
हतं हन्ति हतो ह्येव यो नरो हन्ति कंचन ।
उभौ तौ न विजानीतो यश्च हन्ति हतश्च यः ॥ १२.२३१.१६ ॥
The man who kills anyone in truth kills one already slain; and so too the one who is slain. Neither of them knows: the one who kills and the one who is killed.
12.231.17
हत्वा जित्वा च मघवन्यः कश्चित्पुरुषायते ।
अकर्ता ह्येव भवति कर्ता ह्येव करोति तत् ॥ १२.२३१.१७ ॥
O Maghavan, whoever, after slaying and conquering, acts as though he were the man, is in truth a non-doer; it is indeed the doer who does that.
12.231.18
को हि लोकस्य कुरुते विनाशप्रभवावुभौ ।
कृतं हि तत्कृतेनैव कर्ता तस्यापि चापरः ॥ १२.२३१.१८ ॥
Who indeed brings about both the destruction and the origin of the world? What is done comes to be by the doing; and the doer of that too is another.
12.231.19
पृथिवी ज्योतिराकाशमापो वायुश्च पञ्चमः ।
एतद्योनीनि भूतानि तत्र का परिदेवना ॥ १२.२३१.१९ ॥
Earth, light, space, water, and fifth, air: these are the source of beings. Then what is there to lament?
12.231.20
महाविद्योऽल्पविद्यश्च बलवान्दुर्बलश्च यः ।
दर्शनीयो विरूपश्च सुभगो दुर्भगश्च यः ॥ १२.२३१.२० ॥
The greatly learned and the little learned, the strong and the weak, the handsome and the misshapen, the fortunate and the unfortunate —
12.231.21
सर्वं कालः समादत्ते गम्भीरः स्वेन तेजसा ।
तस्मिन्कालवशं प्राप्ते का व्यथा मे विजानतः ॥ १२.२३१.२१ ॥
Time, profound, seizes everything by its own power. When that has come under the sway of time, what distress can there be for me, who know it?
12.231.22
दग्धमेवानुदहते हतमेवानुहन्यते ।
नश्यते नष्टमेवाग्रे लब्धव्यं लभते नरः ॥ १२.२३१.२२ ॥
What is already burnt, it burns again; what is already slain, it slays again; what is already lost, first perishes; and a man obtains what is to be obtained.
12.231.23
नास्य द्वीपः कुतः पारो नावारः संप्रदृश्यते ।
नान्तमस्य प्रपश्यामि विधेर्दिव्यस्य चिन्तयन् ॥ १२.२३१.२३ ॥
No island of it is seen, nor any far shore, nor any near shore; I see no end of it, as I reflect on this divine ordainer.
12.231.24
यदि मे पश्यतः कालो भूतानि न विनाशयेत् ।
स्यान्मे हर्षश्च दर्पश्च क्रोधश्चैव शचीपते ॥ १२.२३१.२४ ॥
If time, while I watch, did not destroy beings, then, O lord of Śacī, joy would be mine, and pride, and anger too.
12.231.25
तुषभक्षं तु मां ज्ञात्वा प्रविविक्तजने गृहे ।
बिभ्रतं गार्दभं रूपमागत्य परिगर्हसे ॥ १२.२३१.२५ ॥
Knowing me to be one who eats husks, you come to my secluded house in the form of an ass and revile me.
12.231.26
इच्छन्नहं विकुर्यां हि रूपाणि बहृधाऽऽत्मनः ।
विभीषणानि यानीक्ष्य पलायेथास्त्वमेव मे ॥ १२.२३१.२६ ॥
If I wished, I could transform myself into many terrible forms; seeing them, you yourself would flee from me.
12.231.27
कालः सर्वं समादत्ते कालः सर्वं प्रयच्छति ।
कालेन विहितं सर्वं मा कृथाः शक्र पौरुषम् ॥ १२.२३१.२७ ॥
Time takes away everything; time gives everything. Whatever is ordained by time comes to pass; do not display your manly power, O Śakra.
12.231.28
पुरा सर्वं प्रव्यथितं मयि क्रुद्धे पुरंदर ।
विद्रवन्ति त्वया सार्धं सर्व एव दिबौकसः ॥ १२.२३१.२८ ॥
Formerly, O Purandara, when I was angered, all was thrown into distress; and you, together with all the dwellers of heaven, fled.
12.231.29
अवैमि त्वस्य लोकस्य कर्मं शक्र सनातनम् ।
त्वमप्येवमवेक्षस्व माऽऽत्मना विस्मगं गमः ॥ १२.२३१.२९ ॥
I know the eternal action of this world, O Śakra; you too should consider it thus, and not go astray from yourself.
12.231.30
प्रभवश्च प्रभावश्च नात्मसंस्थः कदाचन ।
कौमारमेव ते चित्तं तथैवाद्य यथा पुरा।
समवेक्षस्व मघवन्बुद्धिं विन्दस्व नैष्ठिकीम् ॥ १२.२३१.३० ॥
Origin and power never abide in the self; your mind is still as childish today as it was before. O Maghavan, consider well and obtain steadfast wisdom.
12.231.31
देवा मनुष्याः पितरो गन्धर्वोरगराक्षसाः ।
आसन्सर्वे मम वशे तत्सर्वं वेत्थ वासव ॥ १२.२३१.३१ ॥
Gods, men, ancestors, gandharvas, serpents and rākṣasas — all were under my power; this you know, Vāsava.
12.231.32
नमस्तस्यै दिशेऽप्यस्तु यस्यां वैरोचनो बलिः ।
इति मामभ्यपद्यन्त बुद्धिमात्सर्यमोहिताः ॥ १२.२३१.३२ ॥
Homage even to that direction in which Bali, son of Virocana, went. Thus, deluded by intellect and envy, they fell upon me.
12.231.33
नाहं तदनुशोचामि नात्मभ्रंशं शचीपते ।
एवं मे निश्चिता बुद्धिः शास्तुस्तिष्ठाम्यहं वशे ॥ १२.२३१.३३ ॥
Lord of Śacī, I do not grieve over that, nor over the loss of my self. My resolve is fixed: I shall remain under the control of the ruler.
12.231.34
दृश्यते हि कुले जातो दर्शनीयः प्रतापवान् ।
दुःखं जीवन्सहामात्यो भवितव्यं हि तत्तथा ॥ १२.२३१.३४ ॥
We see a man born in a noble family, pleasing to behold and mighty, living in sorrow with his ministers; so it was bound to be.
12.231.35
दौष्कुलेयस्तथा मूढो दुर्जातः शक्र दृश्यते ।
सुखं जीवन्सहामात्यो भवितव्यं हि तत्तथा ॥ १२.२३१.३५ ॥
O Śakra, a fool of low birth, ill-born, is seen living in happiness with his ministers; that too was bound to be so.
12.231.36
कल्याणी रूपसंपन्ना दुर्भगा शक्र दृश्यते ।
अलक्षणा विरूपा च सुभगा दृश्यते परा ॥ १२.२३१.३६ ॥
O Śakra, a fair and beautiful woman is seen to be unfortunate; and an ugly, ill-marked woman is seen to be most fortunate.
12.231.37
नैतदस्मत्कृतं शक्र नैतच्छक्र त्वया कृतम् ।
यत्तमेवं गतो वज्रिन्यच्चाप्येवं गता वयम् ॥ १२.२३१.३७ ॥
This was not done by us, O Śakra; nor was this done by you, O Śakra. That he has come to this state, O wielder of the thunderbolt, and that we too have come to this state.
12.231.38
न कर्म तव नान्येषां कुतो मम शतक्रतो ।
ऋद्धिर्वाऽप्यथवा नर्द्धिः पर्यायकृतमेव तत् ॥ १२.२३१.३८ ॥
It is neither your deed nor that of others; how then is it mine, O Śatakratu? Whether prosperity comes or not, that is indeed brought about in turn.
12.231.39
पश्यामि त्वां विराजन्तं देवराजमवस्थितम् ।
श्रीमन्तं द्युतिमन्तं च गर्जमानं ममोपरि ॥ १२.२३१.३९ ॥
I see you standing there, shining, the king of the gods, glorious and radiant, roaring above me.
12.231.40
एवं नैव न चेत्कालो मामाक्रम्य स्थितो भवेत् ।
पातयेयमहं त्वाऽद्य सवज्रमपि मुष्टिना ॥ १२.२३१.४० ॥
If time had not stood against me as an attacker, I would certainly cast you down today, thunderbolt and all, with my fist.
12.231.41
न तु विक्रमकालोऽयं शान्तिकालोऽयमागतः ।
कालः स्थापयते सर्वं कालः पचति वै तथा ॥ १२.२३१.४१ ॥
But this is not a time for valour; the time of peace has come. Time establishes all things, and time indeed ripens them.
12.231.42
मां चेदभ्यागतः कालो दानवेश्वरमूर्जितम् ।
गर्जन्तं प्रतपन्तं च कमन्यं नागमिष्यति ॥ १२.२३१.४२ ॥
If time has come upon me, the mighty lord of the Dānavas, roaring and blazing, then what other would it come to?
12.231.43
द्वादशानां तु भवतामादित्यानां महात्मनाम् ।
तेजांस्येकेन सर्वेषां देवराज धृतानि मे ॥ १२.२३१.४३ ॥
O king of gods, the splendor of all twelve great-souled Ādityas has been held by me alone.
12.231.44
अहमेवोद्वहाम्यापो विसृजामि च वासव ।
तपामि चैव त्रैलोक्यं विद्योताम्यहमेव च ॥ १२.२३१.४४ ॥
O Vāsava, I alone draw up the waters and I release them; I alone heat the three worlds, and I alone illuminate them.
12.231.45
संरक्षामि विलुम्पामि ददाम्यहमथाददे ।
संयच्छामि नियच्छामि लोकेषु प्रभुरीश्वरः ॥ १२.२३१.४५ ॥
I protect and I destroy, I give and I take; I restrain and I control — among the worlds I am the lord and sovereign.
12.231.46
तदद्य विनिवृत्तं मे प्रभुत्वममराधिप ।
कालसैन्यावगाढस्य सर्वं न प्रतिभाति मे ॥ १२.२३१.४६ ॥
Therefore, O lord of the immortals, my sovereignty has ended today; to me, plunged into the army of Time, all things no longer appear clear.
12.231.47
नाहं कर्ता न चैव त्वं नान्यः कर्ता शचीपते ।
पर्यायेण हि भुज्यन्ते लोकाः शक्र यदृच्छया ॥ १२.२३१.४७ ॥
I am not the doer, nor are you, nor is any other the doer, O lord of Śacī; in turn, O Śakra, the worlds are enjoyed by chance.
12.231.48
मासमासार्धवेश्मानमहोरात्राभिसंवृतम् ।
ऋतुद्वारं वायुमुखमायुर्वेदविदो जनाः ॥ १२.२३१.४८ ॥
A house of months and half-months, enveloped by day and night, with the seasons as its gate and the wind as its mouth — thus do the knowers of the Veda understand life.
12.231.49
आहुः सर्वमिदं चिन्त्यं जनाः केचिन्मनीषया ।
अनित्यपञ्चवर्षाणि षष्ठो दृश्यति देहिनाम् ॥ १२.२३१.४९ ॥
Some people, by their intellect, say that all this is to be considered: among embodied beings, after five impermanent years, a sixth appears.
12.231.50
अस्याः पञ्चैव चिन्तायाः पर्येष्यामि च पञ्चधा ।
ततस्तानि न पश्यामि काले तमपि वृत्रहन् ॥ १२.२३१.५० ॥
I shall investigate this five-fold reflection in five ways; yet, slayer of Vṛtra, in due time I do not see those, nor that one either.
12.231.51
गम्भीरं गहनं ब्रह्म महत्तोयार्णवं यथा ।
अनादिनिधनं चाहुरक्षरं क्षरमेव च ॥ १२.२३१.५१ ॥
Brahman is profound and deep, like a vast ocean of waters; they call it without beginning or end, imperishable and also perishable.
12.231.52
सत्त्वेषु लिङ्गमाविश्य निर्लिङ्गमपि तत्स्वयम् ।
मन्यन्ते ध्रुवमेवैनं ये जनास्तत्त्वदर्शिनः ॥ १२.२३१.५२ ॥
Having entered beings as a mark, it is itself without mark; those who see the truth consider it firm indeed.
12.231.53
यमिन्द्रियाणि सर्वाणि नानुपश्यन्ति पञ्चधा ।
तं कालमिति जानीहि यस्य सर्वमिदं वशे ॥ १२.२३१.५३ ॥
Know that as Time, which the senses do not perceive in any of five ways, and in whose power all this lies.
12.231.54
भूतानां तु विषर्यासं कुरुते भगवानिति ।
न ह्येतावद्भवेद्ग्राम्यं न यस्मात्प्रभवेत्पुनः ॥ १२.२३१.५४ ॥
It is the Lord who brings about the reversal of beings; but this alone is not worldly, for from it no renewed origin arises.
12.231.55
गतिं हि सर्वभूतानामगत्वा क्व गमिष्यति ।
यो धावता न हातव्यस्तिष्ठन्नपि न हीयते ॥ १२.२३१.५५ ॥
Without reaching the course of all beings, where will he go? That which cannot be abandoned by one who runs, and is not lost even by one who stands still.
12.231.56
तमिन्द्रियाणि सर्वाणि नानुपश्यन्ति पञ्चधा ।
आहुश्चैनं केचिदग्निं केचिदाहुः प्रजापतिम् ॥ १२.२३१.५६ ॥
All the senses cannot perceive him in five ways. Some call him Agni, and others call him Prajāpati.
12.231.57
ऋतून्मासार्धमासांश्च दिवसांश्च क्षणांस्तथा ।
पूर्वाह्णमपराह्णं च मध्याह्नमपि चापरे ॥ १२.२३१.५७ ॥
The seasons, the months and half-months, the days and moments, and likewise forenoon, afternoon and midday—these too are he; so say others.
12.231.58
मुहूर्तमपि चैवाहुरेकं सन्तमनेकधा ।
तं कालमिति जानीहि यस्य सर्वमिदं वशे ॥ १२.२३१.५८ ॥
They say that even a single moment is he; though one, he appears in many forms. Know that Time is the one under whose control all this lies.
12.231.59
बहूनीन्द्रसहस्राणि समतीतानि वासव ।
बलवीर्योपपन्नानि यथैव त्वं शचीपते ॥ १२.२३१.५९ ॥
O Vāsava, O lord of Śacī, many thousands of Indras, endowed with strength and valour just like you, have already passed away.
12.231.60
त्वामप्यतिबलं शक्र देवराजं बलोत्कटम् ।
प्राप्ते काले महावीर्यः कालः संशमयिष्यति ॥ १२.२३१.६० ॥
O Śakra, even you—supreme among the gods, mighty and drunk with strength—when the appointed time comes, the great-powered Time will subdue.
12.231.61
य इदं सर्वमादत्ते तस्माच्छक्र स्थिरो भव ।
मया त्वया च पूर्वैश्च न स शक्योऽतिवर्तितुम् ॥ १२.२३१.६१ ॥
He who takes all this — therefore, O Śakra, be steady. Not by me, nor by you, nor by the ancestors can he be overcome.
12.231.62
यामेतां प्राप्य जानीषे राज्यश्रियमनुत्तमाम् ।
स्थिता मयीति तन्मिथ्या नैषा ह्येकत्र तिष्ठति ॥ १२.२३१.६२ ॥
Having obtained this supreme glory of kingship, you think it abides in me — that is false. She does not remain in one place.
12.231.63
स्थिता हीन्द्रसहस्रेषु त्वद्विशिष्टतमेष्वियम् ।
मां च लोला परित्यज्य त्वामगाद्विबुधाधिप ॥ १२.२३१.६३ ॥
She has dwelt among thousands of Indras, among the most excellent such as you. That fickle one, leaving me, has gone to you, O lord of the gods.
12.231.64
मैवं शक्र पुनः कार्षीः शान्तो भवितुमर्हसि ।
त्वामप्येवंविधं ज्ञात्वा क्षिप्रमन्यं गमिष्यति।
कालेन चोदिता शक्र मा ते गर्वः शतक्रतो ॥ १२.२३१.६४ ॥
Do not do so again, O Śakra; you ought to be calm. Knowing you to be of such a kind, she will soon go to another. Impelled by time, O Śakra, O Śatakratu, let there be no pride in you.
12.231.65
क्षमस्व कालयोगं तमागतं विद्धि देवप ।
निर्लज्जश्चैव कस्मात्त्वं देवराज विकत्थसे ॥ १२.२३१.६५ ॥
Bear with the working of time that has come; know it, O protector of the gods. Why, O king of the gods, do you boast so shamelessly?
12.231.66
सर्वासुराणामधिपः सर्वदेवभयंकरः ।
जितवान्ब्रह्मणो लोकं को विद्यादागतं गतिम् ॥ १२.२३१.६६ ॥
Lord of all the asuras, terror of all the gods, who conquered even the world of Brahmā — who could have known the fate that came upon him?