Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.245
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12.245.1
इत्युक्तोऽभिप्रशस्यैतत्परमर्षेस्तु शासनम् ।
मोक्षधर्मार्थसंयुक्तमिदं प्रष्टुं प्रचक्रमे ॥ १२.२४५.१ ॥
Thus addressed, having praised this instruction of the supreme sage, he began to ask this, which is connected with liberation, dharma and wealth.
12.245.2
प्रजावाञ्श्रोत्रियो यज्वा कृतप्रज्ञोऽनसूयकः ।
अनागतमनैतिह्यं कथं ब्रह्माधिगच्छति ॥ १२.२४५.२ ॥
How does a man who has offspring, is learned in the Veda, performs sacrifices, has perfected wisdom and is free from envy attain Brahman, which has not yet come and is not based on tradition?
12.245.3
तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण सर्वत्यागेन मेधया ।
साङ्ख्ये वा यदि वा योग एतत्पृष्टो वदस्व मे ॥ १२.२४५.३ ॥
By austerity, celibate discipline, renunciation of all things, or by insight, whether in Sāṅkhya or in Yoga — since I ask this, tell it to me.
12.245.4
मनसश्चेन्द्रियाणां च यथैकाग्र्यमवाप्यते ।
येनोपायेन पुरुषैस्तत्त्वं व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥ १२.२४५.४ ॥
By what means is one-pointedness of mind and senses attained, and by what method may men explain the truth? You should explain this.
12.245.5
नान्यत्र विद्यातपसोर्नान्यत्रेन्द्रियनिग्रहात् ।
नान्यत्र लोभसंत्यागात्सिद्धिं विन्दति कश्चन ॥ १२.२४५.५ ॥
No one attains perfection except through knowledge and austerity, except through restraint of the senses, and except through giving up greed.
12.245.6
महाभूतानि सर्वाणि पूर्वसृष्टिः स्वयंभुवः ।
भूयिष्ठं प्राणभृत्काये निविष्टानि शरीरिषु ॥ १२.२४५.६ ॥
All the great elements, the first creation of the Self-existent, have for the most part entered into the bodies of embodied beings, into the living creatures.
12.245.7
भूमेर्देहो जलास्त्रोतो ज्योतिषश्चक्षुषी स्मृते ।
प्राणापानाश्रयो वायुः स्वेष्वाकाशं शरीरिणाम् ॥ १२.२४५.७ ॥
The body belongs to earth, the channels of water are its streams, and the two eyes are remembered as belonging to light. Wind is the support of breath and the downward breath, and in embodied beings space dwells in its own places.
12.245.8
क्रान्ते विष्णुर्बले शक्रः कोष्ठेऽग्निर्भोक्तुमिच्छति ।
कर्णयोः प्रदिशः श्रोत्रे जिह्वायां वाक् सरस्वती ॥ १२.२४५.८ ॥
In striding, Viṣṇu; in strength, Indra; in the belly, Agni, who desires to eat. In the ears are the directions; in hearing, the directions; in the tongue, speech, Sarasvatī.
12.245.9
कर्णौ त्वक्चक्षुषी जिह्वा नासिका चैव पञ्चमी ।
दश तानीन्द्रियोक्तानि द्वाराण्याहारसिद्धये ॥ १२.२४५.९ ॥
The two ears, the skin, the two eyes, the tongue, and as the fifth the nose: these ten are declared to be the senses, the doors for the accomplishment of intake.
12.245.10
शब्दः स्पर्शस्तथा रूपं रसो गन्धश्च पञ्चमः ।
इन्द्रियाणि पृथक्स्वार्थान्मनसा दर्शयन्त्युत ॥ १२.२४५.१० ॥
Sound, touch, likewise form, taste, and the fifth, smell: the senses reveal their own objects separately, by means of the mind.
12.245.11
इन्द्रियाणि मनो युङ्क्ते वश्यान्यन्तेव वाजिनः ।
मनश्चापि सदा भुक्ते भूतात्मा हृदयाश्रितः ॥ १२.२४५.११ ॥
The mind yokes the senses as tractable horses are yoked; and the self of beings, dwelling in the heart, always experiences.
12.245.12
इन्द्रियाणां तथैवैषां सर्वेषामीश्वरं मनः ।
नियमे च विसर्गे च भूतात्मा मानसस्तथा ॥ १२.२४५.१२ ॥
Over the senses, and over all of these, the mind is the lord; and in restraint and in release, the self of beings is mental, likewise.
12.245.13
इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थाश्च स्वभावश्चेतना मनः ।
प्राणापानौ च जीवश्च नित्यं देहेषु देहिनाम् ॥ १२.२४५.१३ ॥
The senses, the objects of the senses, nature, consciousness, the mind, the vital breath and the outgoing breath, and the living self — these always dwell in the bodies of embodied beings.
12.245.14
आश्रयो नास्ति सत्वस्य गुणः सत्त्वस्य चेतना ।
सत्वं हि तेजः सृजति न गुणान्वै कथंचन ॥ १२.२४५.१४ ॥
Sattva has no support; consciousness is a quality of sattva. Sattva indeed produces radiance, but it does not produce the qualities in any way.
12.245.15
एवं सप्तदशं देहे वृतं षोडशभिर्गुणैः ।
मनीषीमनसा विप्रः पश्यत्यात्मानमात्मनि ॥ १२.२४५.१५ ॥
Thus the seventeenth, the self, is enveloped in the body by the sixteen qualities. The wise brāhmaṇa sees the self within the self with his mind.
12.245.16
न ह्ययं चक्षुषा दृश्यो न च सर्वैरपीन्द्रियैः ।
मनसा दीपभूतेन महानात्मा प्रकाशते ॥ १२.२४५.१६ ॥
This self is not seen by the eye, nor by all the senses; by the mind, become a lamp, the great self shines forth.
12.245.17
अशब्दस्पर्शरूपं तदरसागन्धमव्ययम् ।
अशरीरं शरीरेषु निरीक्षते निरिन्द्रियम् ॥ १२.२४५.१७ ॥
That self, without sound, touch, form, taste, or smell, imperishable, bodiless among bodies, observes without senses.
12.245.18
अव्यक्तं सर्वदेहेषु मर्त्येष्वमृतमाहितम् ।
योऽनुपश्यति स प्रेत्य कल्पते ब्रह्मभूयसे ॥ १२.२४५.१८ ॥
He who perceives the unmanifest and immortal established in all bodies and in mortal beings, after death becomes fit for the state of Brahman.
12.245.19
विद्याभिजनसंपन्ने ब्राह्मणे गवि हस्तिनि ।
शुनि चैव श्वपाके च पण्डिताः समदर्शिनः ॥ १२.२४५.१९ ॥
The wise, who see with equal vision, look upon a brahmin endowed with learning and noble birth, a cow, an elephant, a dog, and even an outcaste alike.
12.245.20
स हि सर्वेषु भूतेषु जङ्गमेषु ध्रुवेषु च ।
वसत्येको महानात्मा येन सर्वमिदं ततम् ॥ १२.२४५.२० ॥
That one great self dwells in all beings, in those that move and in those that stand still; by him all this is pervaded.
12.245.21
सर्वभूतेषु चात्मानं सर्वभूतानि चात्मनि ।
यदा पश्यति भूतात्मा ब्रह्म संपद्यते तदा ॥ १२.२४५.२१ ॥
When the self of beings sees the self in all beings and all beings in the self, then he becomes one with brahman.
12.245.22
यावानात्मनि मे ह्यात्मा तावानात्मा परात्मनि ।
य एवं सततं वेद सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥ १२.२४५.२२ ॥
As great as the self is in me, so great is the self in the supreme self. He who constantly knows it thus becomes fit for immortality.
12.245.23
सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्य सर्वभूतहितस्य च ।
देवाऽपि मार्गे मुह्यन्ति अपदस्य पदैषिणः ॥ १२.२४५.२३ ॥
Even the gods, who seek a place, are bewildered on the path of him who has become the self of all beings and is the welfare of all beings, the one without a place.
12.245.24
शकुन्तानामिवाकाशे मत्स्यानामिव चोदके ।
यथा गतिर्न दृश्येत तथा ज्ञानविदां गतिः ॥ १२.२४५.२४ ॥
As the path of birds in the sky and of fish in the water is not seen, so too the path of those who know is not seen.
12.245.25
कालः पचति भूतानि सर्वाण्येवात्मनाऽऽत्मनि ।
यस्मिंस्तु पच्यते कालस्तं वेदेह न कश्चन ॥ १२.२४५.२५ ॥
Time cooks all beings, by itself, within itself. O Videha, he by whom time itself is cooked—no one knows him.
12.245.26
न स ऊर्ध्वं न तिर्यक्च नाधश्चरति यः पुनः ।
न मध्ये प्रतिगृह्णीते नैव किंचित्कुतश्चन ॥ १२.२४५.२६ ॥
He moves neither upward, nor sideways, nor downward; nor does he take hold of anything in the middle, nor receive anything from anywhere at all.
12.245.27
सर्वेऽन्तस्था इमे लोका बाह्यमेषां न किंचन ।
यः सहस्र समा गच्छेद्यथा बाणो गुणच्युतः ॥ १२.२४५.२७ ॥
All these worlds are situated within him; there is nothing outside them. Even one who would travel for a thousand years, like an arrow loosed from the bowstring—
12.245.28
नैवान्तं कारणस्येयाद्यद्यपि स्यान्मनोजवः ।
तस्मात्सूक्ष्मात्सूक्ष्मतरं नास्ति स्थूलतरं ततः ॥ १२.२४५.२८ ॥
Even one as swift as the mind could never reach the end of the cause. Therefore there is nothing subtler than the subtle, and nothing grosser than that.
12.245.29
सर्वतः पाणिपादं तत्सर्वतोक्षिशिरोमुखम् ।
सर्वतः श्रुतिमल्लोके सर्वमावृरत्य तिष्ठति ॥ १२.२४५.२९ ॥
Everywhere it has hands and feet; everywhere it has eyes, head and face; everywhere in the world it has ears. Enveloping all things, it stands.
12.245.30
तदेवाणोरणुतरं तन्महद्भ्यो महत्तरम् ।
तदन्तः सर्वभूतानां ध्रुवं तिष्ठन्न दृश्यते ॥ १२.२४५.३० ॥
That itself is smaller than the atom and greater than the great. Standing firm within all beings, it is not seen.
12.245.31
अक्षरं च क्षरं चैव द्वैधीभावोऽयमात्मनः ।
क्षरः सर्वेषु भूतेषु दिवि ह्यमृतमक्षरम् ॥ १२.२४५.३१ ॥
The imperishable and the perishable — this is the twofold nature of the self. In all beings the perishable; in heaven the deathless, imperishable one.
12.245.32
नवद्वारं पुरं गत्वा हंसो हि नियतो वशी ।
ईशः सर्वस्य भूतस्य स्थावरस्य चरस्य च ॥ १२.२४५.३२ ॥
Having entered the city of nine gates, the swan — restrained and self-controlled — is the lord of all beings, both the immovable and the movable.
12.245.33
हानिभङ्गविकल्पानां नवानां संचयेन च ।
शरीराणामजस्याहुर्हंसत्वं पारदर्शिनः ॥ १२.२४५.३३ ॥
Through loss, breaking, and the many alternations, and through the accumulation of nine bodies, the seers who see beyond call the swan-nature of the unborn one.
12.245.34
हंसोक्तं चाक्षरं चैव कूटस्थं यत्तदक्षरम् ।
तद्विद्वानक्षरं प्राप्य जहाति प्राणजन्मनी ॥ १२.२४५.३४ ॥
The imperishable spoken of by the swan, and the unchanging, immovable imperishable — that is it. Having attained that imperishable, the knowing one abandons the lives and births of breath.