Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.251
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12.251.1
वर्तमानस्तयेवात्र वानप्रस्थाश्रमे यथा ।
योक्तव्योऽऽत्मा कथं शक्त्या परं वै काङ्क्षता पदम् ॥ १२.२५१.१ ॥
Remaining in the forest-dweller stage of life, how should one who desires the highest state discipline the self by one's own power?
12.251.2
प्राप्य संस्कारमेताभ्यामाश्रमाभ्यां ततः परम् ।
यत्कार्यं परमार्थार्थं तदिहैकमनाः शृणु ॥ १२.२५१.२ ॥
Having been purified by these two stages of life, listen here with single mind to what must be done thereafter for the sake of the highest goal.
12.251.3
कषायं पाचयित्वाऽऽशु श्रेणिस्थानेषु च त्रिषु ।
प्रव्रजेच्च परं स्थानं पारिव्राज्यमनुत्तमम् ॥ १२.२५१.३ ॥
Having quickly brought the ochre robe to maturity, passing through the three stages of ascent, one should go forth into the highest state, the unsurpassed life of the wandering renunciant.
12.251.4
यद्भवानेवमभ्यस्य वर्ततां श्रूयतां तथा ।
एक एव चरेद्धर्मं सिद्ध्यर्थमसहायवान् ॥ १२.२५१.४ ॥
Since you have practised thus and conduct yourself so, let it be heard: for the sake of attainment, one should walk alone in dharma, without a companion.
12.251.5
एकश्चरतिः यः पश्यन्न जहाति न हीयते ।
अनग्निरनिकेतश्च ग्राममन्नार्थमाश्रयेत् ॥ १२.२५१.५ ॥
He who wanders alone, seeing, does not abandon and is not diminished; without fire and without a home, he should resort to a village for food.
12.251.6
अश्वस्तनविधाता स्यान्मुनिर्भावसमन्वितः ।
लघ्वाशी नियताहारः सकृदन्ननिषेविता ॥ १२.२५१.६ ॥
Let him be a sage endowed with a settled disposition, following the rule of one day's food, eating little, with restrained diet, partaking of food only once.
12.251.7
णलं वृक्षमलानि कुचेलमसदृ… ।
उपक्षा सर्वभूतानामेतावद्भिक्षुलक्षणाम् ॥ १२.२५१.७ ॥
A tree, cast-off ornaments, a ragged garment… and indifference toward all beings: this much is the mark of a mendicant.
12.251.8
यस्मिन्वाचा प्राविशन्ति कूपे प्राप्ताः शिलाइव ।
न वक्तारं पुनर्यान्ति स कैवल्याश्रमे वसेत् ॥ १२.२५१.८ ॥
He in whom spoken words sink like stones fallen into a well, and never return to the one who spoke them — let him dwell in the hermitage of liberation.
12.251.9
नैव पश्येन्न शृणुयादवाच्यं जातु कस्यचित् ।
ब्राह्मणानां विशेषेण नैव ब्रूयात्कथंचन ॥ १२.२५१.९ ॥
One should never see or hear what must not be spoken of anyone, and must never speak it in any way — least of all concerning brahmins.
12.251.10
बद्ब्राह्मणस्य कुशलं तदेव सततं वदेत् ।
तूष्णीमासीत निन्दायां कुर्वन्भैषज्यमात्मनः ॥ १२.२५१.१० ॥
Let him always speak only of a brahmin's welfare; when blamed, let him sit in silence, making this his own remedy.
12.251.11
येन पूर्णमिवाकाशं भवत्येकेन सर्वदा ।
शून्यं येन जनाकीर्णं तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥ १२.२५१.११ ॥
He through whom the sky always seems full, though he is one alone, and through whom a crowded place seems empty — him the gods know as a brahmin.
12.251.12
येनकेन चिदाच्छन्नो येनकेनचिदाशितः ।
यत्र क्वचन शायी च तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥ १२.२५१.१२ ॥
He who is clothed in whatever comes to hand, eats whatever he gets, and sleeps wherever he happens to lie — him the gods know as a brahmin.
12.251.13
अहेरिव गणाद्भीतः सन्मानान्मरणादिव ।
कुणपादिव च स्त्रीभ्यस्तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥ १२.२५१.१३ ॥
The one who fears, as from a serpent, from a crowd, from honour, from death, as from a corpse, and from women — him the gods know as a brahmin.
12.251.14
न कुद्ध्येन्न प्रहृष्येच्च मानितोऽमानितश्च यः ।
सर्वभूतेष्वभयदस्तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥ १२.२५१.१४ ॥
Who is neither angered nor elated when honoured or dishonoured, and who gives fearlessness to all beings — him the gods know as a brahmin.
12.251.15
नाभिनन्देत मरणं नाभिनन्देत जीवितम् ।
कालमेव प्रतीक्षेत निदेशं भृतको यथा ॥ १२.२५१.१५ ॥
One should not welcome death, nor welcome life; one should only wait for the time, as a hired servant waits for his master's command.
12.251.16
अनभ्याहतचित्तः स्यादनभ्याहतवाग्भवेत् ।
निर्मुक्तः सर्वपापेभ्यो निरमित्रस्य किं भयम् ॥ १२.२५१.१६ ॥
His mind should be undisturbed and his speech unwounding; freed from all sins and without enemies, what fear could he have?
12.251.17
अभयं सर्वभूतेभ्यो भूतानामभयं यतः ।
तस्य मोहाद्विमुक्तस्य भयं नास्ति कुतश्चन ॥ १२.२५१.१७ ॥
From him all beings have fearlessness, and from him beings have fearlessness; for one freed from delusion there is no fear from anywhere.
12.251.18
यथा नागपदेऽन्यानि पदानि पदगामिनाम् ।
सर्वाण्येवापिलीयन्ते पदजातानि कौञ्जरे ॥ १२.२५१.१८ ॥
As in an elephant's footprint all the other footprints of walking creatures are absorbed, so all of them are merged in that one.
12.251.19
एवं सर्वमहिंसायां धर्मार्थमभिधीयते ।
अमृतः स नित्यं भवति यो हिंसां न प्रपद्यते ॥ १२.२५१.१९ ॥
Thus all is declared, for the sake of dharma, in non-violence. He who does not resort to violence becomes immortal, forever.
12.251.20
अहिसंकः समः सत्यो धृतिमान्नियतेन्द्रियः ।
शरण्यः सर्वभूतानां गतिमाप्नोत्यनुत्तमाम् ॥ १२.२५१.२० ॥
He who is non-violent, even-minded, truthful, steadfast, with restrained senses, a refuge for all beings, attains the supreme goal.
12.251.21
एवं प्रज्ञानतृप्तस्य निर्भयस्य निराशिषः ।
न मृत्युरतिगो भावः स मृत्युं नाधिगच्छति ॥ १२.२५१.२१ ॥
For one thus satisfied with knowledge, fearless and free from desire, death is no barrier; he does not meet death.
12.251.22
विमुक्तं सर्वसङ्गेभ्यो मुनिमाकाशवत्स्थितम् ।
अस्वमेकचरं शान्तं तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥ १२.२५१.२२ ॥
Him who is freed from all attachments, abides like the sky, a sage, without possessions, wandering alone and at peace, the gods know as a brahmin.
12.251.23
जीवितं यस्य धर्मार्थं धर्मो हर्यर्थमेव च ।
अहोरात्राश्च पुण्यार्थं तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥ १२.२५१.२३ ॥
Him whose life is for dharma, whose dharma is for Hari, and whose days and nights are for merit, the gods know as a brahmin.
12.251.24
निराशिषमनारम्भं निर्नमस्कारमस्तुतिम् ।
निर्मुक्ते बन्धनैः सर्वैस्तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥ १२.२५१.२४ ॥
Him who is free from desire for blessings, without undertaking, without salutation or praise, freed from all bonds, the gods know as a brahmin.
12.251.25
सर्वाणि भूतानि सुखे रमन्ते ।
सर्वाणि दुःखस्य भृशं त्रसन्ते।
तेषां भयोत्पादनजातखेदः ।
कुर्यान्न कर्माणि हि श्रद्दधानः ॥ १२.२५१.२५ ॥
All beings delight in happiness; all tremble greatly at suffering. One who causes fear in them and produces grief should not perform such actions, being a man of faith.
12.251.26
दानं हि भूताभयदक्षिणायाः ।
सर्वाणि दानान्यधितिष्ठतीह।
तीक्ष्णां तनुं यः प्रथमं जहाति ।
सोऽनन्तमाप्नोत्यभयं प्रजाभ्यः ॥ १२.२५१.२६ ॥
Indeed, the gift that includes the fee of freedom from fear for beings is the foundation of all gifts here. He who first gives up the harsh attachment to the body attains endless fearlessness for all beings.
12.251.27
स दत्तमास्येन हविर्जुहोति ।
लोकस्य नाभिर्जगतः प्रतिष्ठा।
तस्याङ्गमङ्गानि कृताकृतं च ।
वैश्वानरः सर्वमिदं प्रपेदे ॥ १२.२५१.२७ ॥
He offers what is given as oblation through the mouth. He is the navel of the world, the foundation of the universe. His limbs, and all that is done and undone, have entered Vaiśvānara, the fire.
12.251.28
प्रादेशमात्रे हृदि निःसृतं य ।
त्तस्मिन्प्राणानात्मयाजी जुहोति।
तस्याग्निहोत्रं हुतमात्मसंस्थं ।
सर्वेषु लोकेषु सदैवतेषु ॥ १२.२५१.२८ ॥
In the heart, which emerges as a span in measure, the self-sacrificer offers the breaths into it. His Agnihotra, offered while abiding in the self, bears fruit in all worlds, together with the gods.
12.251.29
देवं त्रिधातुं त्रिवृतं सुपर्ण ।
ये विद्युरग्र्यां परमात्मतां च।
ते सर्वलोकेषु महीयमाना ।
देवाः समर्था अमृतं वहन्ति ॥ १२.२५१.२९ ॥
Those who know the god established in three elements, the threefold well-winged one, and his foremost supreme selfhood, are honored in all worlds. As capable gods they bear immortality.
12.251.30
वेदांश्च वेद्यं तु विधिं च कृत्स्न ।
मथो निरुक्तं परमार्थतां च।
सर्वं शरीरात्मनि यः प्रवेद ।
तस्य स्म देवाः स्पृहयन्ति नित्यम् ॥ १२.२५१.३० ॥
He who fully knows the Vedas, the rule to be known, the complete nirukta, the highest truth, and all that is in the body and the self, is always desired by the gods.
12.251.31
भूमावसक्तं दिवि चाप्रमेयं ।
हिरण्मयं योऽण्डजमण्डमध्ये।
पतत्रिणं पक्षिणमन्तरिक्षे ।
यो वेद भोग्यात्मनि दीप्तरश्मिः ॥ १२.२५१.३१ ॥
He who knows the one who is attached to the earth and immeasurable in heaven, golden in the midst of the egg-born sphere, a winged bird in the sky, who has radiant rays and dwells in the self that is to be enjoyed.
12.251.32
आवर्तमानमजरं विवर्तनं ।
षण्णाभिकं द्वादशारं सुपर्व।
यस्येदमास्योपरि याति विश्वं ।
यत्कालचक्रं निहितं गुहायाम् ॥ १२.२५१.३२ ॥
The ever-revolving, ageless, turning wheel of time, with six hubs, twelve spokes and fine joints, above whose mouth this universe moves, the wheel of time placed in the cave.
12.251.33
यः संप्रजानञ्जगतः शरीरं ।
सर्वान्स लोकानधिगच्छतीह।
तस्मिन्हितं तर्पयतीह देवां ।
स्ते वै तृप्तास्तर्पयन्त्यास्यमस्य ॥ १२.२५१.३३ ॥
He who fully knows the body of the world attains all worlds here. What is offered in him satisfies the gods here, and being satisfied, they satisfy his mouth.
12.251.34
तेजोमयो नित्यमयः पुराणो ।
लोकाननन्तानभयानुपैति।
भूतानि यस्मान्न त्रसन्ते कदाचि ।
त्स भूतानां न त्रसते कदाचित् ॥ १२.२५१.३४ ॥
Radiant, eternal in nature, ancient, he attains endless and fearless worlds. He from whom beings never feel fear, he never fears beings.
12.251.35
अगर्हणीयो न च गर्हतेऽन्या ।
न्स वै विप्रः परमात्मानमीक्षेत्।
विनीतमोहो व्यपनीतकल्मषो ।
न चेह नामुत्र च सोऽन्नमर्च्छति ॥ १२.२५१.३५ ॥
He who is not to be reproached and does not reproach others, that brahmin should behold the supreme self. With delusion removed and impurity cast away, he seeks no food either here or hereafter.
12.251.36
अरोषमोहः समलोष्टकाञ्चनः ।
प्रहीणशोको गतसन्धिविग्रहः।
अपेतनिन्दास्तुतिरप्रियाप्रिय ।
श्चरन्नुदासीनवदेष भिक्षुकः ॥ १२.२५१.३६ ॥
Free from anger and delusion, regarding clod and gold alike, free from grief, beyond alliance and hostility, beyond blame and praise, equal toward the pleasant and the unpleasant, wandering like one indifferent: this is the mendicant.