Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.268
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12.268.1
इत्युक्तः स तदा तेन तुलाधारेण धीमता ।
प्रोवाच वचनं धीमाञ्जाजलिर्जपतांवरः ॥ १२.२६८.१ ॥
Thus addressed then by that wise scale-holder, the wise Jājali, best of those who recite, spoke with folded hands.
12.268.2
विक्रीणतः सर्वरसान्सर्वगन्धांश्च वाणिज ।
वनस्पतीनोषधीश्च तेषां मूलफलानि च ॥ १२.२६८.२ ॥
O merchant, you sell all juices and all fragrances, trees and herbs, and their roots and fruits.
12.268.3
अग्र्या सा नैष्ठिकी बुद्धिः कुतस्त्वामियमागता ।
एतदाचक्ष्व मे सर्वं निखिलेन महामते ॥ १२.२६८.३ ॥
Whence has this supreme, steadfast wisdom come to you? O great-minded one, tell me all of it fully.
12.268.4
एवमुक्तस्तुलाधारो ब्राह्मणेन यशस्विना ।
उवाच धर्मसूक्ष्माणि वैश्यो धर्मार्थतत्त्ववित् ॥ १२.२६८.४ ॥
Thus addressed by the renowned brahmin, the vaiśya Tulādhāra, who knows the truths of dharma and artha, spoke the subtle points of dharma.
12.268.5
वेदाहं जाजले धर्मं सरहस्यं सनातनम् ।
सर्वभूतहितं मैत्रं पुराणं यं जना विदुः ॥ १२.२६८.५ ॥
O Jājali, I know the eternal dharma with its secret, which is beneficial to all beings, friendly, ancient, and which people know.
12.268.6
अद्रोहेणैव भूतानामल्पद्रोहेण वा पुनः ।
या वृत्तिः स परो धर्मस्तेन जीवामि जाजले ॥ १२.२६८.६ ॥
The livelihood practised without injury to beings, or with only slight injury, is the highest dharma; by that I live, O Jājali.
12.268.7
परिच्छिन्नैः काष्ठतृणैर्मयेदं शरणं कृतम् ।
अलक्तं पद्मकं तुङ्गं गन्धांश्चोच्चावचांस्तथा ॥ १२.२६८.७ ॥
With cut wood and grass I have built this shelter; lac, padmaka, lofty timber, and fragrances of many kinds (I sell).
12.268.8
रसांश्च तांस्तान्विप्रर्षे मद्यवर्ज्यान्बहूनहम् ।
क्रीत्वा वै प्रतिविक्रीणे परहस्तादमायया ॥ १२.२६८.८ ॥
O best of brahmins, excluding liquor, I buy many kinds of juices from another's hand and resell them without deceit.
12.268.9
सर्वेषां यः सुहृन्नित्यं सर्वेषां च हिते रतः ।
कर्मणा मनसा वाचा स धर्मं वेद जाजले ॥ १२.२६८.९ ॥
He who is always the friend of all and delights in the welfare of all, by deed, mind and speech — he knows dharma, O Jājali.
12.268.10
नानुरुध्ये विरुध्ये वा न द्वेष्मि न च कामये ।
समोऽहं सर्वभूतेषु पश्य मे जाजले व्रतम्।
तुला मे सर्वभूतेषु समा तिष्ठति जाजले ॥ १२.२६८.१० ॥
I neither favour nor oppose, neither hate nor desire. I am even toward all beings; behold my vow, O Jājali. My balance stands even toward all beings, O Jājali.
12.268.11
नाहं परेषां कृत्यानि प्रशंसामि न गर्हये ।
आकाशस्येव विप्रेन्द्र पश्यँल्लोकस्य चित्रताम् ॥ १२.२६८.११ ॥
I praise not, nor blame, the deeds of others; O lord of brahmins, seeing the variegation of the world as the sky does.
12.268.12
कृपा मे सर्वभूतेषु समा तिष्ठति जाजले ।
इष्टानिष्टनियुक्तस्य प्रियद्वेषौ बहिष्कृतौ ॥ १२.२६८.१२ ॥
My compassion stands even toward all beings, O Jājali. The likes and dislikes of one bound to the desirable and undesirable have been cast out from me.
12.268.13
इति मां त्वं विजानीहि सर्वलोकस्य जाजले ।
समं मतिमतां श्रेष्ठ समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनम् ॥ १२.२६८.१३ ॥
Thus, Jājali, know me as equal toward all the world. Best of the wise, to me a clod of earth, a stone and gold are the same.
12.268.14
यथाऽन्धबधिरोत्मत्ता उच्छ्वासपरमाः सदा ।
देवैरपिहितद्वाराः सोपमा पश्यतो मम ॥ १२.२६८.१४ ॥
As the blind, the deaf and the mad, who are always intent only on breathing, with their doors closed by the gods, so is the likeness seen in me.
12.268.15
यथा वृद्धातुरकृशा निस्पृहा विषयान्प्रति ।
तथाऽर्थकामभोगेषु ममापि विगता स्पृहा ॥ १२.२६८.१५ ॥
As the old, the sick and the emaciated become free from longing for sense-objects, so too in me the longing for wealth, desire and enjoyment has departed.
12.268.16
यदा चायं न बिभेति यदा चास्मान्न बिभ्यति ।
यदा नेच्छति न द्वेष्टि तदा सिद्ध्यति वै द्विज ॥ १२.२६८.१६ ॥
When this one does not fear, and none fear him, when he neither desires nor hates, then, O twice-born, he surely attains perfection.
12.268.17
यदा न कुरुते भावं सर्वभूतेषु पापकम् ।
कर्मणा मनसा वाचा ब्रह्म संपद्यते तदा ॥ १२.२६८.१७ ॥
When one does not harbor any harmful disposition toward all beings, in deed, mind or speech, then one attains Brahman.
12.268.18
न भूतो न भविष्योऽस्ति न च धर्मोस्ति कश्चन ।
योऽभयः सर्वभूतानां स प्राप्नोत्यभयं पदम् ॥ १२.२६८.१८ ॥
There has been no past, nor will there be a future, nor is there any duty greater than this: he who is fearless toward all beings attains the state of fearlessness.
12.268.19
यस्मादुद्विजते लोकः सर्वो मृत्युमुखादिव ।
वाक्क्रूराद्दण्डपरुषात्स प्राप्नोति महद्भयम् ॥ १२.२६८.१९ ॥
For the whole world is frightened as if from the mouth of death; he who frightens others with cruel words and harsh punishment obtains great fear.
12.268.20
यथावद्वर्तमानानां वृद्धानां पुत्रपौत्रिणाम् ।
अनुवर्तामहे वृत्तमहिंस्त्राणां महात्मनाम् ॥ १२.२६८.२० ॥
As we follow the conduct of the elders who behave rightly and have sons and grandsons, so we follow the conduct of the great-souled, who are free from violence.
12.268.21
प्रनष्टः शाश्वतो धर्मः सदाचारेण मोहितः ।
तेन वैद्यस्तपस्वी वा बलवान्वा विमुह्यते ॥ १२.२६८.२१ ॥
The eternal dharma is lost and confused by bad conduct; when it is destroyed, through it even the physician, the ascetic, or the strong man is bewildered.
12.268.22
आचाराज्जाजले प्राज्ञः क्षिप्रं धर्ममवाप्नुयात् ।
एवं यः साधुभिर्दान्तश्चरेदद्रोहचेतसा ॥ १२.२६८.२२ ॥
By good conduct, O Jājali, the wise man should quickly obtain dharma; thus whoever, restrained by good men, conducts himself with a mind free from malice.
12.268.23
नद्यां चेह यथा काष्ठमुह्यमानं यदृच्छया ।
यदृच्छयैव काष्ठेन सन्धि गच्छेत केनचित् ॥ १२.२६८.२३ ॥
As a piece of wood carried down a river might by chance come into contact with some other piece of wood.
12.268.24
तत्रापराणि दारूणि संसृज्यन्ते ततस्ततः ।
तृणकाष्ठकरीपाणि कदाचिन्न समीक्षया ॥ १२.२६८.२४ ॥
There other pieces of wood join together here and there—grass, sticks and dung-cakes—never by deliberate choice.
12.268.25
यस्मान्नोद्विजते भूतं जातु किंचित्कथंचन ।
अभयं सर्वभूतेभ्यः स प्राप्नोति सदा मुने ॥ १२.२६८.२५ ॥
Because no creature ever at all is frightened in any way, he always obtains fearlessness from all creatures, O sage.
12.268.26
यस्मादुद्विजते विद्वन्सर्वलोको वृकादिव ।
क्रोशतस्तीरमासाद्य यथा सर्वे जलेचराः ॥ १२.२६८.२६ ॥
Because, O learned one, the whole world is frightened, as from a wolf, like all water-dwellers crying out upon reaching the shore.
12.268.27
एवमेवायमाचारः प्रादुर्भूतो यतस्ततः ।
सहायवान्द्रव्यवान्यः सुभगोऽथ परस्तथा ॥ १२.२६८.२७ ॥
Just so, this conduct has arisen from here and there: he who has helpers and wealth is fortunate, and so too another.
12.268.28
ततस्तानेव कवयः शास्त्रेषु प्रवदन्त्युत ।
कीर्त्यर्थमल्पहृल्लेखाः पटवः कृत्स्ननिर्णयाः ॥ १२.२६८.२८ ॥
Then the poets proclaim those very ones in the treatises, for the sake of fame—those of little heart-writing, skilled, with complete conclusions.
12.268.29
तपोभिर्यज्ञदानैश्च वाक्यैः प्रज्ञाश्रितैस्तथा ।
प्राप्नोत्यभयदानस्य यद्यत्फलमिहाश्नुते ॥ १२.२६८.२९ ॥
Through austerities, sacrifices and gifts, and likewise through words resting on wisdom, one enjoys whatever fruit of the gift of fearlessness one obtains here.
12.268.30
लोके यः सर्वभूतेभ्यो ददात्यभयदक्षिणाम् ।
स सत्ययज्ञैरीजानः प्राप्नोत्यभयदक्षिणाम् ॥ १२.२६८.३० ॥
He who in the world gives the fee of fearlessness to all creatures, sacrificing with true sacrifices, obtains the fee of fearlessness.
12.268.31
न भूतानामहिंसाया ज्यायान्धर्मोऽस्ति कश्चन ।
यस्मान्नोद्विजते भूतं जातु किंचित्कथंचन।
सोऽभयं सर्वभूतेभ्यः संप्राप्नोति महामुने ॥ १२.२६८.३१ ॥
There is no dharma greater than non-harm toward beings, for no creature is ever frightened in any way. He obtains fearlessness from all beings, O great sage.
12.268.32
यस्मादुद्विजते लोकः सर्पाद्वेश्मगतादिव ।
न स धर्ममवाप्नोति इह लोके परत्र च ॥ १२.२६८.३२ ॥
The world fears him as one fears a snake that has entered the house; he does not obtain dharma, either in this world or in the next.
12.268.33
सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्य सर्वभूतानि पश्यतः ।
देवाऽपि मार्गे मुह्यन्ति ह्यपदस्य पदैपिणः ॥ १२.२६८.३३ ॥
On the path of one who has become the self of all beings and sees all beings, even the gods are bewildered, though they seek the footless, hidden state.
12.268.34
दानं भूताभयस्याहुः सर्वदानेभ्य उत्तमम् ।
ब्रवीमि ते सत्यमिदं श्रद्धत्स्व मम जाजले ॥ १२.२६८.३४ ॥
They call the gift of fearlessness to beings the highest of all gifts. I tell you this truth, O Jājali; have faith in it.
12.268.35
स एव सुभगो भूत्वा पुनर्भवति दुर्भगः ।
व्यापत्तिं कर्मणां दृष्ट्वा जुगुप्सन्ति जनाः सदा ॥ १२.२६८.३५ ॥
That same man, having become fortunate, becomes unfortunate again; seeing the ruin of his deeds, people always despise him.
12.268.36
अकारणो हि नैवास्ति धर्मः सूक्ष्मो हि जाजले ।
भूतभव्यार्थमेवेह धर्मप्रवचनं कृतम् ॥ १२.२६८.३६ ॥
There is no dharma without a reason, O Jājali; dharma is subtle. Here the teaching of dharma has been given only for the welfare of what is and what will be.
12.268.37
सूक्ष्मत्वान्न स विज्ञातुं शक्यते बहुनिह्नवः ।
उपलभ्यान्तरा चान्यानाचारानवबुध्यते ॥ १२.२६८.३७ ॥
Because it is subtle, dharma cannot easily be known, for there are many who conceal it. He who perceives it through observing the conduct of others comes to understand it.
12.268.38
ये च च्छिन्दन्ति वृषणान्ये च भिन्दन्ति नस्तकान् ।
वहन्ति महतो भारान्बध्नन्ति दमयन्ति च।
हत्वा सत्वानि खादन्ति तान्कथं न विगर्हसे ॥ १२.२६८.३८ ॥
Those who cut off the testicles of animals, pierce their nostrils, make them carry great burdens, bind and tame them, and kill living beings to eat them — why do you not condemn them?
12.268.39
मानुषा मानुपानेव दासभोगेन भुञ्जते ।
वधबन्धनिरोधेन कारयन्ति दिवानिशम् ॥ १२.२६८.३९ ॥
Humans make other humans their slaves and enjoy themselves through them, and by killing, binding and confining them they make them labour day and night.
12.268.40
आत्मनश्चापि जानाति यद्दुःखं वधबन्धने ।
पञ्चेन्द्रियेषु भूतेषु सर्वं वसति दैवतम् ॥ १२.२६८.४० ॥
He who knows in himself the pain of being killed and bound knows that the whole divine dwells in all beings that possess the five senses.
12.268.41
आदित्यश्चन्द्रमा वायुर्ब्रह्मा प्राणः क्रतुर्यमः ।
तानि जीवानि विक्रीय का मृतेषु विचारणा ॥ १२.२६८.४१ ॥
The sun, moon, wind, Brahmā, breath, sacrificial rite and Yama — all these are living beings. Having sold them, what is there to consider about the dead?
12.268.42
अजोऽग्निर्वरुणो मेपः सूर्योऽश्वः पृथिवी विराट् ।
धेनुर्वत्सश्च सोमो वै विक्रीयैतन्न सिध्यति ॥ १२.२६८.४२ ॥
Goat, fire, Varuṇa, ram, sun, horse, earth, Virāj, cow, calf and Soma — even having sold all these, this does not succeed.
12.268.43
का तैले का धृते ब्रह्मन्मधुन्यप्स्वोषधीषु वा ॥ १२.२६८.४३ ॥
O brahmin, what is in oil, what in ghee, in honey, in waters, or in herbs?
12.268.44
अदंशमशके देशे सुखसंवर्धितान्पशून् ।
तांश्च मातुः प्रियाञ्जानन्नाक्रम्य बहुधा नराः ॥ १२.२६८.४४ ॥
Men who, knowing that cattle nourished in comfort in a land free of gnats and flies are dear to their mothers, nevertheless assail them in many ways...
12.268.45
बहुदंशाकुलान्देशान्नयन्ति बहुकर्दमान् ।
वाहसंपीडिता धुर्याः सीदन्त्यविधिना परे ॥ १२.२६८.४५ ॥
They lead them to lands full of gnats and deep in mud; yoked draught beasts, tormented by the yoke, and others sink down, mistreated.
12.268.46
न मन्ये भ्रूणहत्याऽपि विशिष्टा तेन कर्मणा ।
कृपिं साध्विति मन्यन्ते सा च वृत्तिः सुदारुणा ॥ १२.२६८.४६ ॥
I do not think even the killing of an embryo is worse than that deed; yet people deem ploughing good, and that livelihood is very cruel.
12.268.47
भूमिं भूमिशयांश्चैव हन्ति काष्ठैरयोमुखैः ।
तथैवानडुहो युक्तान्क्षुत्तृष्णाश्रमकर्शितान् ॥ १२.२६८.४७ ॥
With iron-tipped sticks he strikes the earth and the creatures that lie upon it, and likewise the yoked oxen, wasted by hunger, thirst and weariness.
12.268.48
अध्न्या इति गवां नाम क एता हन्तुमर्हति ।
महच्चकाराकुशलं वृथा यो गां निहन्ति ह ॥ १२.२६८.४८ ॥
'Adhnyā' is the name of cows; who deserves to kill them? He who kills a cow in vain commits a great unwholesome deed.
12.268.49
ऋपयो यतयो ह्येतन्नहुपे प्रत्यवेदयन् ।
गां मातरं चाप्यवधीर्वृपभं च प्रजापतिम्।
अकार्यं नहुपाकापींर्लप्स्यामस्त्वत्कृते व्यथाम् ॥ १२.२६८.४९ ॥
The sages and ascetics declared this to Nahuṣa: you killed the cow, the mother, and the bull, the lord of creatures. This is an improper deed; through you we shall suffer distress.
12.268.50
शतं चैकं च रोगाणां सर्वभूतेष्वपातयन् ।
ऋपयस्ते महाभागाः प्रशस्तास्ते च जाजले ॥ १२.२६८.५० ॥
O Jājali, those greatly fortunate sages caused a hundred and one diseases to fall upon all beings; they are praised.
12.268.51
भ्रृणहं नहुषं त्वाहुर्न तं भोक्ष्यामहे वयम् ।
इत्युक्त्वा ते महात्मानः सर्वे तत्त्वार्थदर्शिनः।
ऋषयो यतयः शान्तास्तपसा प्रत्येषधयन् ॥ १२.२६८.५१ ॥
They said, "You are called Nahuṣa, the embryo-killer; we shall not eat his food." Having said this, those great-souled sages and ascetics, seers of the true meaning and calm, drove him away by austerity.
12.268.52
ईदृशानशिवान्घोरानाचारानिह जाजले ।
केवलाचरितत्वात्तु निपुणो नावबुध्यसे ॥ १२.२६८.५२ ॥
O Jājali, here you do not perceive such inauspicious and terrible conduct, because you have acted only by yourself, though you are skilled.
12.268.53
कारणाद्धर्ममन्विच्छन्न लोकं विरसं चरेत् ॥ १२.२६८.५३ ॥
One who seeks dharma for a reason should not live making the world joyless.
12.268.54
यो हन्याद्यश्च मां स्तौति तत्रापि शृणु जाजले ।
समौ तावपि मे स्थातां न हि मे स्तः प्रियाप्रिये।
एतदीदृशकं धर्मं प्रशंसन्ति मनीषिणः ॥ १२.२६८.५४ ॥
Hear also about the one who kills me and the one who praises me, O Jājali: let both be equal to me; for me there is neither dear nor not-dear. Wise men praise such a dharma.
12.268.55
उपपत्त्या हि संपन्नो यतिभिश्चैव सेव्यते ।
सततं धर्मशीलैश्च निपुणेनोपलक्षितः ॥ १२.२६८.५५ ॥
He who is endowed with reasoned understanding is practised by ascetics, and is followed constantly by those of virtuous conduct, and is recognised by the discerning.