Mahābhārata · Adhyāya 12.310
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12.310.1
एवमप्रतिबुद्धत्वादबुद्धजनसेवनात् ।
सर्गकोटिसहस्राणि मरणान्तानि गच्छति ॥ १२.३१०.१ ॥
Thus, through not being awakened and through serving the unwise, a being goes through thousands of millions of creations that end in death.
12.310.2
धाम्ना धामसहस्राणि पतनान्तानि गच्छति ।
तिर्यग्योनौ मनुष्यत्वे देवलोके तथैव च ॥ १२.३१०.२ ॥
By means of the abode, he goes through thousands of abodes that end in falling—in animal wombs, in the state of humanity, and likewise in the world of the gods.
12.310.3
चन्द्रमा इव भूतानां पुनस्तत्र सहस्रशः ।
लीयतेऽप्रतिबुद्धत्वादेवमेष ह्यबुद्धिमान् ॥ १२.३१०.३ ॥
Like the moon for beings, there again he dissolves thousands of times; through not being awakened, this unwise one dissolves in just this way.
12.310.4
कला पञ्चदशी योनिस्तद्धाम इति मन्यते ।
नित्यमेतं विजानीहि सोमं वै षौडशीं कलाम् ॥ १२.३१०.४ ॥
The fifteenth digit is the womb; that is considered the abode. Know this always—the sixteenth digit of Soma.
12.310.5
कलया जायते जन्तुः पुनः पुनरबुद्धिमान् ।
धाम तस्योपयुञ्जन्ति भूय एवोपजायते ॥ १२.३१०.५ ॥
Through the digit, the creature is born again and again, the unwise one. They enjoy his abode, and he is born again.
12.310.6
षोडशी तु कला सूक्ष्मा स सोम उपधार्यताम् ।
न तूपयुज्यते देवैर्देवानुपयुनक्ति सा ॥ १२.३१०.६ ॥
But the sixteenth digit is subtle; understand it as Soma. It is not enjoyed by the gods; rather, it causes the gods to enjoy.
12.310.7
एतामक्षपयित्वा हि जायते नृपसत्तम ।
सा ह्यस्य प्रकृतिर्दृष्टा तत्क्षयान्मोक्ष उच्यते ॥ १२.३१०.७ ॥
O best of kings, by destroying this one is born; that is seen as its nature, and from its destruction liberation is said to arise.
12.310.8
तदेवं षोडशकलं देहमव्यक्तसंज्ञिकम् ।
ममायमिति मन्वानस्तत्रैव परिवर्तते ॥ १२.३१०.८ ॥
Thus this body of sixteen parts, called the unmanifest, is taken by one who thinks, 'This is mine,' and he revolves right there.
12.310.9
पञ्चविंशस्तथैवात्मा तस्यैवाप्रतिबोधनात् ।
विमलश्च विशुद्धश्च शुद्धामलनिषेवणात् ॥ १२.३१०.९ ॥
The twenty-fifth is the self, and because it does not awaken to it, it seems bound; by serving the pure and stainless, it becomes stainless and wholly pure.
12.310.10
अशुद्ध एव शुद्धात्मा तादृग्भवति पार्थिव ।
अबुद्धसेवनाच्चापि बुद्धोऽप्यबुद्धतां व्रजेत् ॥ १२.३१०.१० ॥
O king, even a pure self becomes impure in just this way; by serving the unawakened, even the awakened may fall into unawakenedness.
12.310.11
तथैवाप्रतिबुद्धोऽपि विज्ञेयो नृपसत्तम ।
प्रकृतेस्त्रिगुणायास्तु सेवनात्प्राकृतो भवेत् ॥ १२.३१०.११ ॥
Likewise, O best of kings, one who has not awakened should be understood; by serving the threefold-qualitied nature, one becomes bound to prakṛti.
12.310.12
अक्षरक्षरयोरेषु द्वयोः संबन्ध उच्यते ।
स्त्रीपुंसोश्चापि भगवन्संबन्धस्तद्वदुच्यते ॥ १२.३१०.१२ ॥
Among these, a connection between the two, the imperishable and the perishable, is spoken of; O revered one, the connection of woman and man is likewise said to be so.
12.310.13
ऋते तु पुरुषं नेह स्त्री गर्भं धारयत्युत ।
ऋते स्त्रियं न पुरुषो रूपं निर्वर्तयेत्तथा ॥ १२.३१०.१३ ॥
Here, without a man, a woman does not bear an embryo; and without a woman, a man likewise cannot bring about a form.
12.310.14
अन्योन्यस्याभिसंबन्धादन्योन्यगुणसंश्रयात् ।
रूपं निर्वर्तयत्येतदेवं सर्वासु योनिषु ॥ १२.३१०.१४ ॥
Through their mutual union, and by each relying on the qualities of the other, this form is produced; so it is in all wombs.
12.310.15
स्त्रीपुंसोरभिसंबन्धादन्योन्यगुणसंश्रयात् ।
ऋतौ निर्वर्त्यते रूपं तद्वक्ष्यामि निदर्शनम् ॥ १२.३१०.१५ ॥
From the union of woman and man, each relying on the other's qualities, a form is produced in the fertile season; I shall tell you an illustration of this.
12.310.16
ये गुणाः पुरुषस्येह ये च मातृगुणास्तथा ।
अस्थि स्नायु च मज्जानं जानीमः पैतृकान्द्विज ॥ १२.३१०.१६ ॥
O twice-born, we know that the qualities of the man here, and likewise the qualities of the mother, and bone, sinew and marrow, are of the father.
12.310.17
त्वङ्भांसं शोणितं चेति मातृजान्यपि शुश्रुम ।
एवमेताद्द्विजश्रेष्ठ वेदे शास्त्रे च पठ्यते ॥ १२.३१०.१७ ॥
We have also heard that skin, flesh and blood are of the mother. O best of the twice-born, so it is recited in the Veda and in the treatises.
12.310.18
प्रमाणं यच्च वेदोक्तं शास्त्रोक्तं यच्च पठ्यते ।
वेदशास्त्रप्रमाणानां प्रमाणं तत्सनातनम् ॥ १२.३१०.१८ ॥
The authority stated in the Veda, and that which is stated and recited in the treatises — this authority is eternal, the authority among the authorities of Veda and treatise.
12.310.19
अन्योन्यगुणसंरोधादन्योन्यगुणसंश्रयात् ।
एवमेवाभिसंबद्धौ नित्यं प्रकृतिपूरुषौ ॥ १२.३१०.१९ ॥
Through the mutual obstruction of the qualities and their mutual dependence, in just this way Prakṛti and Puruṣa are eternally bound together.
12.310.20
पश्यामि भगवंस्तस्मान्मोक्षधर्मो न विद्यते ।
अथवाऽनन्तरकृतं किंचिदेव निदर्शनम्।
तन्ममाचक्ष्व तत्त्वेन प्रत्यक्षो ह्यसि सर्वथा ॥ १२.३१०.२० ॥
O venerable one, I see that therefore there is no dharma of liberation. Or else, tell me truly some example done right after this, for you are evident in every way.
12.310.21
मोक्षकामा वयं चापि काङ्क्षामो यदनामयम् ।
अदेहमजरं नित्यमतीन्द्रियमनीश्वरम् ॥ १२.३१०.२१ ॥
We too desire liberation, and we long for that which is free from disease, bodiless, ageless, eternal, beyond the senses, and without a lord.
12.310.22
यदेतदुक्तं भवता देवशास्त्रनिदर्शनम् ।
एवमेतद्यथा चैतन्न गृह्णाति तथा भवान् ॥ १२.३१०.२२ ॥
The illustration from the divine scriptures that you have spoken of is just so; but you do not grasp it as it truly is.
12.310.23
धार्यते हि त्वया ग्रन्थ उभयोर्वेदशास्त्रयोः ।
न च ग्रन्थस्य तत्त्वज्ञो यथावत्त्वं नरेश्वरः ॥ १२.३१०.२३ ॥
You do hold the texts of both the Veda and the treatises; but, O lord of men, you are not one who truly knows the essence of the text as it is.
12.310.24
यो हि वेदे च शास्त्रे च ग्रन्थधारणतत्परः ।
न च ग्रन्थार्थतत्त्वज्ञस्तस्य तद्वारणं वृथा ॥ १२.३१०.२४ ॥
For one who is intent only on holding the text in the Veda and the treatises, and who does not know the essence of the text's meaning, his holding of it is in vain.
12.310.25
मारं स वहते तस्य ग्रन्थस्यार्थं न वेत्ति यः ।
यस्तु ग्रन्थार्थतत्त्वज्ञो नास्य ग्रन्थगुणो वृथा ॥ १२.३१०.२५ ॥
He who does not know the meaning of the text carries only its burden; but for one who knows the true essence of the text's meaning, the merit of the text is not in vain.
12.310.26
ग्रन्थस्यार्थस्य पृष्टः संस्तादृशो वक्तुमर्हति ।
यथातत्त्वाभिगमनादर्थं तस्य स विन्दति ॥ १२.३१०.२६ ॥
When asked about the text and its meaning, only such a one is fit to speak; by truly reaching the reality, he obtains its meaning.
12.310.27
वस्तु संसत्सु कथयेद्ग्रन्थार्थस्थूलबुद्धिमान् ।
स कथं मन्दविज्ञानो ग्रन्थं वक्ष्यति निर्णयात् ॥ १२.३१०.२७ ॥
If a man of gross understanding speaks on a matter of the text's meaning before assemblies, how will one of dull discernment explain the text with certainty?
12.310.28
निर्णयं चापि छिद्रात्मा न तं वक्ष्यति तत्त्वतः ।
सोपहास्यात्मतामेति यस्माच्चावाप्तवानपि ॥ १२.३१०.२८ ॥
One whose nature is flawed will not declare even a certain conclusion truly; even if he has attained it, he falls into being mocked.
12.310.29
तस्मात्त्वं शृणु राजेन्द्र यथैतदनुदृश्यते ।
याथातथ्येन साङ्ख्येषु योगेषउ च महात्मसु ॥ १२.३१०.२९ ॥
Therefore, O lord of kings, listen as this is seen truly among the Sāṅkhyas, the yogins and the great souls.
12.310.30
यदेव योगाः पश्यन्ति साङ्ख्यैस्तदवगम्यते ।
एकं साङ्ख्यं च योगं च यः पश्यति स बुद्धिमान् ॥ १२.३१०.३० ॥
What the yogins see is understood also through the Sāṅkhyas; he who sees Sāṅkhya and Yoga as one is wise.
12.310.31
त्वङ्भांसं रुघिरं मेदः पित्तं मज्जा च स्नायु च ।
एतदैन्द्रियकं तात तद्भवानिदमाह माम् ॥ १२.३१०.३१ ॥
Skin, flesh, blood, fat, bile, marrow and sinew: these belong to the senses, dear one; therefore you tell me this.
12.310.32
द्रव्याद्द्रव्यस्य निर्वृत्तिरिन्द्रियादिन्द्रियं तथा ।
देहाद्देहमवाप्नोति बीजाद्वीजं तथैव च ॥ १२.३१०.३२ ॥
From substance comes the production of substance, from sense-organ comes sense-organ; likewise a body arises from a body, and a seed from a seed.
12.310.33
निरिन्द्रियस्याबीजस्य निर्द्रव्यस्याप्यदेहिनः ।
कथं गुणा भविष्यन्ति निर्गुणत्वान्महात्मनः ॥ १२.३१०.३३ ॥
How could qualities arise in the great soul who has no sense-organs, no seed, no substance, and no body, since he is without qualities?
12.310.34
गुणा गुणेषु जायन्ते तत्रैव निविशन्ति च ।
एवं गुणाः प्रकृतितो जायन्ते निविशन्ति च ॥ १२.३१०.३४ ॥
Qualities arise among qualities and enter back into them; so qualities arise from nature and enter back into it.
12.310.35
त्वङ्भांसं रुधिरं मेदः पित्तं मज्जाऽस्थि स्नायु च ।
अष्टौ तान्यथ शुक्रेण जानीहि प्राकृतानि वै ॥ १२.३१०.३५ ॥
Know that these eight — skin, flesh, blood, fat, bile, marrow, bone and sinew — together with semen, belong to nature.
12.310.36
पुमांश्चैवापुमांश्चैव त्रैलिङ्ग्यं प्राकृतं स्मृतम् ।
न वा पुमान्पुमांश्चैव स लिङ्गीत्यभिधीयते ॥ १२.३१०.३६ ॥
Male and non-male: this threefold gender is declared to be natural; one who is neither male nor male is called a 'liṅgin', one bearing gender.
12.310.37
अलिङ्गात्प्रकृतिर्लिङ्गैरुपालभ्यति सात्मजैः ।
यथा पुष्पफलैर्नित्यमृतवो मूर्तयस्तथा ॥ १२.३१०.३७ ॥
From the unmarked, nature together with its offspring is perceived through the marks, just as the seasons are always perceived in their forms through flowers and fruits.
12.310.38
एवमप्यनुमानेन ह्यलिङ्गमुपलभ्यते ।
पञ्चविंशतिमस्तात लिङ्गेषु नियतात्मकः ॥ १२.३१०.३८ ॥
Thus even by inference the unmarked is perceived; dear son, the twenty-fifth, of fixed nature, is among the marks.
12.310.39
अनादिनिधनोऽनन्तः सर्वदर्शी निरामयः ।
केवलं त्वभिमानित्वादगुणेष्वगुणा उच्यते ॥ १२.३१०.३९ ॥
Without beginning or end, infinite, all-seeing, and untainted, yet only through self-conceit are qualities ascribed to the qualityless.
12.310.40
गुणा गुणवतः सन्ति निर्गुणस्य कुतो गुणाः ।
तस्मादेवं विजानन्ति ये जना गुणदर्शिनः ॥ १२.३१०.४० ॥
Qualities exist in the one who possesses qualities; how could qualities be in the qualityless? Therefore those people who see only qualities understand it thus.
12.310.41
यदा त्वेष गुणनिव प्रकृतावनुमन्यते ।
तदा स गुणवानेव परमं नानुपश्यति ॥ १२.३१०.४१ ॥
When this one is supposed to be qualified in nature, then, being indeed qualified, he does not perceive the supreme.
12.310.42
यत्तं बुद्धेः परं प्राहुः साङ्ख्ययोगाश्च सर्वशः ।
बुध्यमानं महाप्राज्ञमबुद्धपरिवर्जनात् ॥ १२.३१०.४२ ॥
That which the Sāṅkhya and Yoga schools call beyond the intellect is known fully, when the great sage, abandoning ignorance, is himself awakened.
12.310.43
अप्रबुद्धमथाव्यक्तं गुणं प्राहुरनीश्वरम् ।
निर्गुणं चेश्वरं नित्यमधिष्ठातारमेव च ॥ १२.३१०.४३ ॥
The unawakened and the unmanifest they call a quality, which has no lord; yet the qualityless, the Lord, the eternal, and the supervisor is that same one.
12.310.44
प्रकृतेश्च गुणानां च पञ्चविंशतिकं बुधाः ।
साङ्ख्ययोगे च कुशला बुध्यन्ते परमैषिणः ॥ १२.३१०.४४ ॥
The wise know the twenty-five of nature and the qualities; those skilled in Sāṅkhya and Yoga, seekers of the highest, comprehend them.
12.310.45
यदा प्रबुद्धास्त्वव्यक्तमवस्थाजन्मभीरवः ।
बुध्यमानं प्रबुद्धेन गमयन्ति समन्ततः ॥ १२.३१०.४५ ॥
When the awakened, fearing states and birth, awaken to the unmanifest, then what is understood by the awakened one is brought to its goal on every side.
12.310.46
एतन्निदर्शनं सम्यगसम्यक्चार्थदर्शनम् ।
बुध्यमानाप्रबुद्धाना पृथग्पृथगरिंदम् ॥ १२.३१०.४६ ॥
This is an illustration: the right and wrong seeing of meaning, of those who understand and those who have not awakened, separately, O subduer of foes.
12.310.47
परस्परेणैतदुक्तं क्षराक्षरनिदर्शनम् ।
एकत्वमक्षरं प्राहुर्नानात्वं क्षरमुच्यते ॥ १२.३१०.४७ ॥
This has been said by one to another, the illustration of the perishable and the imperishable: unity they call the imperishable, and multiplicity is said to be the perishable.
12.310.48
पञ्चविंशतिनिष्ठोऽयं यदा सम्यक्प्रचक्षते ।
एकत्वं दर्शनं चास्य नानात्वं चाप्यदर्शनम् ॥ १२.३१०.४८ ॥
When this, established in the twenty-five, is rightly declared, seeing its unity and not seeing its multiplicity is the result.
12.310.49
तत्त्वनिस्तत्त्वयोरेतत्पृथग्नेव निदर्शनम् ।
पञ्चविंशतितत्वं तु तत्त्वमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥ १२.३१०.४९ ॥
This is the separate illustration of principle and non-principle; the wise call the twenty-five principles the principle.
12.310.50
निस्तत्त्वं पञ्चविंशस्य परमाहुर्निदर्शनम् ।
वर्गस्य वर्गमाचारं तत्त्वं तत्त्वात्सनातनम् ॥ १२.३१०.५० ॥
The non-principle of the twenty-five is called the supreme illustration; the conduct of a class is the class; from principle comes the eternal principle.